Different Types Of Social Media Research Articles

Patterns of Social Media Use across Age Groups during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study across Four Countries

The aim of this study was to examine patterns of social media use across age groups in four countries (Norway, USA, UK, and Australia) two years after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, and whether types of use and time spent using social media was related to health worries. A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 1578 adult participants. The data were analysed with one-way analyses of variance and a linear regression analysis. Younger people spent more time on and were more likely to be passive users of social media than older people. Motives for social media use, and perceived effects of using social media, varied by participants’ age. Passive social media use and more time spent using social media were related to higher levels of health worries. Thus, an age perspective is relevant for understanding patterns of social media use, and different types of social media use appear to be differently related to health worries.

Text, Short Video, or Long Video? Effects of Attention to Various Types of Social Media on Public Knowledge of Dual Carbon: A Multigroup Comparison Based on Environmental Concern Levels

ABSTRACT Drawing upon the cognitive mediation model, this study aims to investigate the factors that influence public knowledge of dual carbon in China. Using data collected from a survey of 500 participants living in western, eastern, central, northern, and southern cities in China, the study found that attentions to different types of social media were positively associated with elaboration and interpersonal communication. Furthermore, elaboration positively affected factual knowledge about dual carbon, perceived familiarity with dual carbon, and structural knowledge about dual carbon, while interpersonal communication only positively affected structural knowledge. The multigroup analysis demonstrated that the effects of (a) elaboration on factual knowledge and (b) interpersonal communication on structural knowledge were more pronounced among participants with high environmental concern than among those with low environmental concern. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Making it safe: linking healthcare workers' social media use to task performance during public health crises

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of social media use on healthcare workers’ psychological safety and task performance and the moderating role of perceived respect from patients during public health crises.Design/methodology/approachTo test the proposed moderated mediation model, a survey was conducted in 12 Chinese medical institutions. A total of 637 valid questionnaires were collected for data analysis.FindingsThe results revealed that psychological safety mediated the relationships between task-related social media (TSM) use and social-related social media (SSM) use and task performance. In addition, perceived respect from patients moderated the relationship between TSM use and psychological safety, as well as the indirect relationship between TSM use and task performance through psychological safety.Originality/valueThis study sheds new light on understanding how different types of social media use influence task performance in the context of public health crises. Furthermore, this study considers the interactions of healthcare workers with colleagues and patients and examines the potential synergistic effects of these interactions on healthcare workers’ psychological state and task performance.

Cyber Smart Teacher: A Conceptual Study

This Research paper has tried to study need of being cyber smart for teachers in this digital era. This study includes skills and qualities required for cyber smart teacher. Researcher has tried to give more focus on role of teachers to spread awareness about cyber security among students. This paper has highlighted basic knowledge of concept about cyber crimes. It will help to teachers to understand role of social media as educational platform e.g. Telegram. This study also mentions about different types of social platform and their benefits as well as drawbacks. Digital citizenship and online safety is now becoming important for each and everyone. Hence it is important to have knowledge about different types of social media threat happening in today’s online world.

The Influence of Social Media on Interpersonal Relationships

With the rapid popularization and development of social media, the way people socialize in the new digital society is changing. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of social media on interpersonal relationships, and to explore in depth the relationship dependent on network social platforms, new media, social media and short video social media. While providing diversified communication channels, social media also brings negative effects, such as loneliness and anxiety caused by lack of face-to-face communication. Different types of social media, such as network social platforms, new media and social media, have different influences on interpersonal relationships. The influence of social media on interpersonal relationship is also influenced by individuals social media dependence, usage habits and other factors. The author observes the connection of the social media and interpersonal relationship to have some analyzes and give some advice which may decrease the negative effects and increase the positive effects.

Can inflammation predict social media use? Linking a biological marker of systemic inflammation with social media use among college students and middle-aged adults

Drawing on recent evidence that inflammation may promote social affiliative motivation, the present research proposes a novel perspective that inflammation may be associated with more social media use. In a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample, Study 1 (N = 863) found a positive association between C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of systemic inflammation, and the amount of social media use by middle-aged adults. Study 2 (N = 228) showed that among college students CRP was prospectively associated with more social media use 6 weeks later. Providing stronger evidence of the directionality of this effect, Study 3 (N = 171) showed that in college students CRP predicted increased social media use in the subsequent week even after controlling for current week’s use. Additionally, in exploratory analyses of CRP and different types of social media use in the same week, CRP was only associated with using social media for social interaction and not for other purposes (e.g., entertainment). The present research sheds light on the social effects of inflammation and highlights potential benefits of using social media as a context for studying the impact of inflammation on social motivation and behavior.

The Impacts of Social Media on Job Satisfaction: Task-Oriented Use and Relationship-Oriented Use

Employees are increasingly using social media in the workplace, and the literature has shown that social media use in the workplace can generate various positive outcomes such as enhanced performance. Because employees can use social media with different approaches, it is essential to understand how different types of social media use generate workplace outcomes and why employees engage in different types of social media use. In this study, we develop a model illustrating how employees’ perceived values of social media are related to their use of social media, which in turn affects their job satisfaction. We identify three types of perceived values in the workplace: utilitarian, hedonic, and social. We categorize the use of social media into task-oriented social media use and relationship-oriented use. We conducted surveys to collect data from American and Chinese employees who use social media in workplace. Our results show that the effects of task and relationship-oriented social media use were stronger for Chinese employees. In addition, utilitarian and social value are both positively related to task-oriented social media use, whereas hedonic and social value are both positively related to relationship-oriented social media use. Theoretically, our study expands the literature on social media use in the workplace through clarifying how different types of social media use are supported by various types of perceived values and by uncovering the role of culture in the process of social media use in the workplace. Practically, our study delivers insights for companies into how to support different types of social media use and how to enhance job satisfaction in the workplace.

Knowledge Gaps, Cognition and Media Learning: Designing Tailored Messages to Address COVID-19 Communication Inequalities

Various health and crisis studies have demonstrated support for the existence of knowledge gaps—a hypothesis suggesting that information will reach those in the lower socioeconomic status last, worsening health disparities. At the point at which COVID-19 vaccines were becoming widely accessible, the present study surveyed 651 Black Americans to understand vaccine hesitancy, intentions, and media learning variations after exposure to different types of social media posts about the COVID-19 vaccine. Although exposure to any of the message conditions in our study resulted in a decrease in vaccine hesitancy, we found mixed support for the knowledge gap hypothesis. Results show that lack of knowledge because of socioeconomic status is not a key factor driving vaccine hesitancy among Black Americans. Instead, public communication (government) campaigns may consider focusing on strategies to target Black American communities by age to improve media learning, and consider increasing social control and communal message functions to increase cognitive processing of pro-vaccine messages, and over the longer term, influence COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake.

Psychological Emotion Recognition of Students using Machine Learning based Chatbot

Anxiety and depression can have a significant impact on students’ academic performance, however, these mental health impacts were increased during the Covid-19 pandemic, and accordingly students and parents need some people to share their feelings together; however, there are different types of social media apps and platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Reddit, Instagram, and others. Twitter is one of the most popular social application that people prefer to share their emotional states. Interestingly, the psychologist and computer scientists are inspired to study these emotions. In this paper, we propose a chatbot for detecting the students feeling by using machine-learning algorithms. The authors used a dataset of tweets from Kaggle’s paltform, and it includes 41157 tweets that are all related to the COVID19. The tweets are classified into categories based on the feeling: Positive and negative. The authors applied Machine Learning algorithms, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and the Naïve Bayes (NB) and accordingly they compared the accuracy between them. In addition to that, the classifiers were evaluated and compared after changing the test split ratio. The result shows that the accuracy performance of SVM algorithm is better than Naïve Bayes algorithm, but the speed is extremely slow compared to Naive Bayes model. In future, other neural network algorithms such as the RNN, LSTM will be implemented, and Arabic tweets will be included in the future.

Mapping Feminist Politics on Tik Tok during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Content Analysis of the Hashtags #Feminismo and #Antifeminismo

In recent decades, marked by the supposedly universal access to different types of social media, we have seen the emergence of forms of popular feminism embedded in complex dynamics. Often cohabiting in these dynamics are ambivalent ideas and imaginaries that both reject and express feminist issues. Particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of digital technologies increased exponentially to overcome mobility constraints, popularizing connective action around feminism and, at the same time, reinforcing normative views of society. This article explores these ambivalences by focusing on TikTok discourses, whose popularity grew intensely during the pandemic. Departing from a feminist constructionist perspective and using content analysis, we examine the 100 most prominent videos on the Portuguese hashtags #feminismo (#feminism) and #antifeminismo (#antifeminism) in the period corresponding to general containment measures in the second phase of the public health crisis. The results are less than encouraging. Over half of the analysed videos contain discursive dynamics conforming to social hierarchization (53%), often reaffirming gender stereotypes. By allowing forms of popular feminism and antifeminism to permeate the shared discourses, the results suggest that the platform gives rise to ideas and discourses that reify unbalanced power relations.

Social Media as Mobilizer and Demobilizer: Evidence From Taiwan

This study examines the effect of social media use on voter turnout. Given that different social media platforms provide different types of content and people use different social media platforms for different purposes, this study argues that there exist differentiated relationships between different types of social media and voter turnout. Using an original panel data set for the 2018 Taipei mayoral election in Taiwan, this study evaluates how five different types of social media—Facebook, LINE, YouTube, Instagram, and PTT—influence voter participation. The empirical results show that people with frequent use of Facebook and PTT are more likely to vote, whereas the frequent use of YouTube and Instagram decreases voter turnout. Furthermore, the use of LINE has no influence on voter participation. Overall, this study reveals that different types of social media exert heterogeneous effects on voter turnout and suggests that when it comes to the influence of social media on voter turnout, we should pay attention to not only the frequency of social media use but also the purpose of social media use.

Adolescent social media use and its association with relationships and connections: Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, 2017/2018.

The development of healthy relationships and connections is of fundamental importance to adolescent well-being. The use of social media plays a vital role in the lives of young Canadians, yet the association between different types of social media use and the quality of relationships and connections remains unknown, and most existing analyses on this topic are based on modest and non-representative samples. Using 2017/2018 reports from the nationally representative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (n=17,149; ages 11 to 15 years), the strength, consistency and significance of associations was examined between intensive (frequent use to connect with other people) and problematic (use that depicts addictive qualities) social media use and available measures of adolescent relationships and connections. Overall, intensive use (online communication with others almost all of the time) and problematic use (potential addiction to social media) were more common in girls than boys (38% of girls versus 30% of boys and 7.7% of girls versus 5.2% of boys, respectively), with prevalence levels that rose with age. Intensive use was associated with more positive social relationships with friends, especially among girls (relative risk [RR] = 1.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28 - 1.54]), while problematic use was consistently and negatively associated with strong relationships and connections in all groups in the study. Notably, problematic use was negatively associated with strong family relationships in boys (RR = 0.58 [95% CI 0.42 to 0.79]) and girls (RR=0.48 [95% CI 0.36 to 0.63]). Intensive use of social media has the potential to strengthen relationships and connections in adolescents. However, when social media use becomes addictive or "problematic", it is highly correlated with weaker relationships and a sense of social disconnection. Public health initiatives related to social media use should consider how different types of social media use have the potential to impact on different aspects of health.

An Integrative Approach to Social Media News Sharing: The Role of Individual and Situational Factors

ABSTRACT This study examines how individual and situational factors within the social media environment influence different types of news sharing, namely, informative, relational, and expressive sharing. Methodologically, this study uses survey data collected from a representative sample of South Korean media users by Nielsen Company Korea. We found the differential role individual and situational factors play in different types of social media news sharing. Our results offer a clearer portrait of how and why people share news via social media where the characteristics of both news stories and audiences are just one piece of the puzzle that determines news sharing.

Types of Social Media Use and Digital Stress in Early Adolescence

Evidence on how different types of social media use contribute to digital stress in early adolescence is lacking. In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 13–14-year-olds. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded and thematically analysed. Themes were generated based on digital stressors specific to passive social media use (time-wasting and digital guilt, and exposure to harmful content); private social media communication (expectations of availability and unsolicited contact by strangers); and social media broadcasting (expectations of perfection and sexualisation, fear of negative evaluation and risks to privacy). Several digital stressors appeared pervasive in everyday social media use. Bolstering social and emotional resources offline and encouraging effective implementation of privacy settings may improve resilience against several sources of digital stress.

Metaphorical or Straightforward? Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Types of Social Media Advertising.

The existing studies have analyzed the advertising effects of metaphorical advertisements and straightforward adverts in traditional advertising media. However, their advertising effects on social media are still unclear. To address this issue, this study uses eye-tracking and questionnaires to examine two types of social media tourism advertising—metaphorical and straightforward in posts with both high and low popularity. This within-subject (n = 55) experiment was designed to examine the effects of social media tourism advertising types on visual attention and tourism intention and to identify the moderating role of post popularity based on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM). We found that advertising types had no significant effect on visual attention, but metaphorical advertisements increased tourism intention compared with straightforward adverts. Furthermore, we found that the level of post popularity moderated the effect of advertising types on visual attention. Specifically, metaphorical adverts in highly popular posts attracted more visual attention in the advertising text area and in the whole advert. Straightforward adverts in posts with low popularity attracted more visual attention in the advertising text area. This research advances the current literature by exploring the effects of social media tourism advertising types and has implications for managers deciding on strategies for social media tourism marketing.

Social Media at the Workplace

this paper draws on Uses and Gratification theory and aims to explore the role and impact of different types of social media use at the workplace on employee innovative behavior and individual job performance. Structural equation modeling was used in the estimation of the model linking social media use, employee innovative behavior, and job performance. The findings suggest that only the cognitive use of social media in the workplace has a positive impact on employee innovative behavior and indirectly on job performance. In contrast, social use has a significant negative effect on job performance.

Messaging, Posting, and Browsing: A Mobile Experience Sampling Study Investigating Youth’s Social Media Use, Affective Well-Being, and Loneliness

Employing a mobile experience sampling design, we investigated in the present study how different types of mobile social media use relate to young individuals’ momentary affective well-being and momentary loneliness. We differentiated between three types of social media use: Messaging, posting, and browsing. Moreover, we studied fear of missing out (FoMO) as a moderating variable. We collected data from 79 middle and late adolescents ( M age = 17.55 years, SD = 1.29; 59% girls) yielding 956 momentary assessments. The results showed that messaging and posting were positively related to affective well-being, while browsing was associated with higher levels of loneliness. Furthermore, some of the relations between social media use, affective well-being, and loneliness were also moderated by FoMO. Our results highlight the need to differentiate between different types of social media use, to include individual predispositions, and to apply methods that account for daily fluctuations in psychological well-being when studying the complex relationship between youth’s mobile social media use and well-being.

Adolescent social media user types and their mental health and well-being: Results from a longitudinal survey of 13-14-year-olds in the United Kingdom.

There is mixed evidence as to the effects of different types of social media use on mental health, but previous research has been platform-specific and has focused on an oversimplified distinction between active and passive use. This study aimed to identify different underlying subgroups of adolescent social media user based on their pattern of social media activities and test associations between user type and future mental health. Students from 19 schools (N=2456) in south-west England completed an online survey measuring 13 social media activities and four psychosocial outcomes (past year self-harm, depression, anxiety and poor well-being) at age 13years (October 2019) and repeated a year later (October 2020; aged 14years). Latent class analysis using Mplus identified distinct classes of social media user and stability of these classes was examined using latent transition analysis. A bias-adjusted three-step model was used to test associations between class membership at baseline and mental health at follow-up. Analyses were adjusted for gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, disability, social media screen-time and baseline mental health. A four-class model of social media user at baseline was selected based on fit statistics and interpretability. User types were labelled High Communicators; Moderate Communicators; Broadcasters; and Minimal users. Users became more active over time. Broadcasters at age 13 had the poorest mental health outcomes at age 14, with mental health and well-being generally better among the High and Moderate Communicators. Findings suggest that broadcasters-adolescents with high levels of content sharing in addition to messaging and browsing online-are most likely to be experiencing poor mental health a year later. Recommendations regarding social media use should expand to consider different user types, and mental health implications of their engagement with different online activities in addition to screen-time.

Motives Behind Active Facebook, Instagram and Other Social Media Users

Social media (SM) is ‘the’ place individuals use to socialize, connect and share up-to-date information with other parties. According to The Uses and Gratification theory (U>), individuals have needs to satisfy to feel gratified; they use SM to satisfy these personal needs to achieve self-gratification. Gratifications differ for individuals depending on their background and types of SM medium used. Question is, what are the motives behind SM user’s activeness behaviour in their medium of choice in Malaysia’s scenario? Seven common motives, namely, watching, impressing, acting, surveillance, documentation, coolness and creativity were hypothesized to have significant influences over SM users’ activeness behaviour. The study disseminated online surveys to targeted and willing active SM users in the research; it resulted in 397 useable data for analysis. Overall, the study managed to identify four motives, namely, watching, impressing, documentation and coolness as the drivers behind activeness behaviour of SM users in Malaysia. The study also identifies FB as the most popular SM, followed by IG. Further segmentation analysis on each FB-active (n=125), IG-active (n=100) and other SM-active (n=82) found that the main motive for FB users was to impress (impressing) others; for IG users, the main reason was to watch others (watching). As for other SM-active, three motives emerged, i.e. watching, surveillance and documentation. The findings imply the usefulness of U> in explaining individual’s motives for being active SM user as well as importance of motives behind activeness of SM user’s behaviour for different types of SMs.

Social Media Use and Adolescents’ Well-Being: Developing a Typology of Person-Specific Effect Patterns

This study investigated the effects of active private, passive private, and passive public social media use on adolescents’ affective well-being. Intensive longitudinal data (34,930 assessments in total) were collected through a preregistered three-week experience sampling method study among 387 adolescents. N = 1 time series were investigated, using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling. Findings showed that different types of social media use very rarely yielded different effects within one and the same adolescent: 45% of adolescents experienced no changes in well-being due to any of the three types of social media use, 28% only experienced declines in well-being, and 26% only experienced increases in well-being. Only one adolescent experienced the theoretically expected effect pattern of a positive effect of active private and passive private use and negative effect of passive public use. Together, the findings suggest that the active–passive use dichotomy in social media research is less clear-cut than it might seem.