Different Types Of Discourse Research Articles

Estudio de caso de narrativas infantiles en videollamadas: Aportes al análisis de interacciones mediadas por tecnología

The preventive and compulsory social isolation established in Argentina due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led families to look for alternatives to maintain the bond and communicate with their non-cohabitant relatives. One of these alternatives was the use of videochat. Videochat enables new ways of audiovisual communication (Ames et al., 2010; Ballagas et al., 2009; McClure & Barr, 2017) that could affect the interactions in which adults and children collaborate in the construction of different types of discourses. Narratives are one of the first and most relevant forms of discourse, it allows for the reconstruction and communication of one’s experience and is one of the ways in which thought is configured. In this work, a case study was conducted of the narratives produced during videochat conversations of a four-year-old girl with non-cohabiting relatives. The aim was to characterize the interactions that help in the configuration of children’s narratives during technology-mediated situations. The research question were: (a) how do technology-mediated interactions allow the child to narrate about past and future events and to create fictional narratives?; (b) how does the child participate in the construction of those narrative in the context of these technology-mediated situations? Five videos of videochat interaction belonging to a single four year old girl were selected from the corpus “Contextos naturales de interacción en los hogares en los que los/as niños/as usan tempranamente tecnología”. This corpus gathers different technology-mediated interactions collected during daily activities in the home of children aged 0 to 6 years. First, 31 narratives in which the girl participated were identified. Subsequently, used the constant comparative method was used (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) as well as analysis tools developed within the framework of interactive sociolinguistics (Gumperz, 1982, 1984); also, concepts developed in previous research (Arrúe et al., 2014; Labov, 1972; Rosemberg et al., 2010; Stein et al., 2020) were heuristically recovered to answer the research questions. Of the 31 narratives produced in the interactions, 14 were related to personal experience, 13 were of future events, and 4 were fiction narratives. Regarding the posed questions, results showed that children do in fact create personal, future and fictional narratives in technology-mediated interactions with adults. Technology also enables children to decide how much they want to participate in interactions: they can lead the narrative, or they can back off to a yes-or-no answer kind of participation. The child relies on the possibility to share visual information, beyond audio, to provide both events and context information. This interactive and multimodal aspect of videochats was also found to enable the girl to turn to present adults both to scaffold her narrative production and to resolve doubts about unknown words. Even though there are methodological limitations to this study, this first approach to narratives in technology-mediated interactions shows the richness that this type of interaction can have for the development of children’s language. https://doi.org/10.16888/interd.2022.39.3.2

The Intensifier oчень in Russian Academic Discourse

The category of intensity is a complex entity that allows expressing the emotions of a person, his evaluation of phenomena and have an impact on a reader. That is the reason for this category to become the focus of attention for many linguists. However, the verbalization of intensity in different types of discourse is not the same. The purpose of the article is to study the category of intensity in Russian academic discourse via studying the functioning of the intensifier очень. The research material was obtained from scientific articles presented in Russian open access journals indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. The corpus constructed of selected articles was analysed by means of Lancaster University software. The attention was paid to the application of various measures used in corpus linguistics to identify the nature of relations between different collocates. The analysis allowed to present the grammatical features of the intensifiers in academic discourse, to consider their collocations by the example of the intensifier очень, and to propose the model for describing linguistic phenomena using corpus-based studies.

Pár poznámok k terminológii a neologizmom v lokalizácii videohier

The paper focuses on terminology and neologisms and their typology in video games. It defines video games as a specialized type of communication and then presents three different types of discourse that take place in the video game industry. This is done in order to show that video game terminology varies and goes beyond a video game per se (e.g., terminology from technology or pop culture). Then the paper presents a video game terminology typology that is based upon a video game corpus made up of Minecraft (a corpus of 42,058 words) and its analysis, but it demonstrates relevant terminology from other video games as well. The point of this analysis is to show that video game terminology is very fluid and video games are a field where new words enter and leave the lexicon quite frequently. Yet video game terminology should still be studied as such classifications can help during the creation of terminology databases.

COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES OF PRESIDENTIAL DISCOURSE (BASED ON SPEECHES BY V. ZELENSKY)

The research is performed in the linguopragmatic aspect, which involves the actualization of the communicative interaction of the speaker and the recipient in different types of discourse. The object of analysis was the presidential discourse as a manifestation of political discourse. The public speeches and addresses of the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky delivered in 2019-2021 are considered. The concept of communicative strategy as the main parameter of communicative interaction is defined and the approaches of linguists to this concept are generalized. The texts of presidential speeches are analyzed and the main communication strategies are singled out. A typology of strategies is proposed, which includes self-presentation, consolidation, agony, argumentation, discrediting, manipulativeness, authority, declarativeness, motivation and ritual. Each of the strategies is described based on illustrative material and characteristic features of the speaker's communicative behavior.

LINGUOSEMIOTICS OF COLOR IDIOMATICS IN FOREIGN POLICY DISCOURSE

Aim. To analyze the functioning of idioms with color components as one of the actual components of the speeches of open diplomatic discourse and foreign policy discourse for the period 2020–2022.Methodology. The research was carried out by means of corpus analysis, as well as by means of лшconversational analysis in a modified version proposed by the author, namely, a variant of communication in the mode of mediated dialogue / polylogue.Results. The linguopragmatics of the use of color idioms in foreign policy communication, acting as echo phrases in the framework of mediated communication, is considered on the example of the collocations red line/line and black swan.Research implications. It is revealed on the analyzed material that a phrase, clause, collocation within the framework of foreign policy discourse acts as a trigger for a protracted dialogue / polylogue. The modified type of conversational analysis contributes to obtaining new data on communication in different types of discourse, including the study of the behavior of idioms with a color component, which plays a prominent role in foreign policy and diplomatic discourses.

STRUCTURAL AND TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES UNITS OF THE RUSSIAN TERMINOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

هذه المقالة مكرسة لوضع تصنيف غير نمطي على أساس المبدأ النوعي والبنائي لوحدات نظام المصطلحات الروسي الداخلة ضمن صناعة النفط والغاز وخصوصيات عمل المصطلحات في مختلف أنواع الخطاب. ونتيجة لذلك، نقدم للقاري المتلقي تصنيفاً لمصطلحات النفط والغاز، وتقدم أمثلة تعكس سير المصطلحات في المجال الإعلامي للخطابات العلمية ووسائط الإعلام.

A LITTLE KNOWN PAGE OF THE BULGARIAN METHODOLOGICAL HERITAGE: “THE GRAMMAR IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL. GUIDELINES FOR CREATIVE THINKING” (1937) BY PETAR LAKOV AND PAVEL GETOV

The focus of this paper is a hitherto unstudied methodological guide “The Grammar in Junior High School. Guidelines for Creative Thinking” (1937) by Petar Lakov and Pavel Getov, and above all its theoretical perspectives. The authors clearly state their opinion about the weaknesses in mother tongue education and outline ways to overcome them. Their views about native language learning are evaluated in view of the innovative approaches to the teaching of the Bulgarian language, presented in the 1920s and 1930s in the works of Petko Tsonev, Dimitar Grancharov and Lyuben Georgiev. As a result of the analysis, some of the current in terms of the contemporary methodological views are highlighted such as the communicative orientation of the native language learning and the development of skills for active participation in different speech situations in order to create a different types of discourse. The analysis proves that the methodological guide of Lakov and Getov is an important testimony of the dominant trends in native language learning, aimed at the formation of the creative and socially responsible individuals.

Conceptual Metaphor in COVID-19 Speeches of the American President Joe Biden

This qualitative and quantitative study aims at shedding the light on the use of metaphor in COVID-19 speeches of the American President Joe Biden. Metaphor is considered to be one of the common linguistic strategies that are pervasively used in different types of discourse including speech. This study focuses on analyzing metaphor according to their source domains and to investigate their functions using Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) as a semantic cognitive approach. As opposed to the decorative approach, CMT states that metaphor “plays a central role in thought, and is indispensable to both thought and language” (Degani, 2005). This approach was first elaborated by Lakoff and Johnson and is the most accepted theory that relates metaphor to cognition. The study aims at answering the following questions: (1) What are the most frequent source-domain categories of conceptual metaphors used in COVID-19 speeches of Joe Biden?; (2) What is the density of metaphor in various speeches delivered by Joe Biden? and finally (3) What are the main functions of metaphors found in Biden’s speeches? The findings revealed that the most common used source domains are Unity, Object, person, spatial and War metaphors, respectively. Moreover, the study has found that Urges America to Wear Masks is denser in metaphor than COVID-19 Response& Vaccine and Biden's Speech on Corona Virus. Finally, metaphor is used for several functions such as simplifying, convincing people and for emotive functions.

Emotional patterns in a simulated virtual classroom supported with an affective recommendation system

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the effects of an affective recommendation system on the developmental trajectories of prospective teachers' emotional patterns, integrated with a Simulated Virtual Classroom (SVC) platform called SimInClass. SVC exposes teachers to a range of student discourses in the form of unexpected stimuli. Fifteen prospective teachers participated in a study consisting of two practicum sessions in the SVC. Participants did not receive any affective recommendation after the first session but did receive it after the second session. Additional data were collected during both sessions in the SVC, including the physiological responses, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), galvanic skin response (GSR), and facial expressions. L metric and Lag sequential analysis were employed in determining teachers' transitional emotional patterns. The results showed that participants did not maintain disgust after receiving affective recommendations, although they maintained sadness. This result indicates that the given affective recommendation has an inherent effect on negative emotions that are felt less intensely. Different or longer‐term interventions may be needed for more intense and long‐lasting negative discrete emotions such as sadness. Also, participants transitioned to happiness and sadness instead of maintaining their neutral status after receiving an affective recommendation. This result demonstrates that affective recommendations encourage participants to use the cognitive reappraisal necessary for emotion regulation. When the participants' emotional patterns are examined on the basis of student discourse, the results are more complex and the emotional patterns differ according to the function of the discourse triggered by virtual students.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topicTeachers experience different emotional states during teaching.Teachers' emotions affect their behaviour management, teaching process and student engagement.It is beneficial to increase opportunities for prospective teachers' classroom experience and provide them with sufficient guidance and advice during this difficult process.What this paper addsThe affective recommendation system has intervened in the persistence of short‐term and low‐intensity negative emotions.The affective recommendation system enabled prospective teachers to try to reach optimal emotional conditions through cognitive reappraisal processes.When emotional patterns are examined in light of the types of student discourse, it is noted that happy prospective teachers maintain their emotions when confronted with unexpected stimuli. However, prospective teachers in a negative valance displayed a descending pattern of activation in response to an unexpected stimulus.Implications for practice and/or policyTeacher emotions need to be taken into account in teacher education programs.SVCs can be utilized as useful tools for teacher education programs.In subsequent studies, it is suggested to explore the stimulus‐based effects of the affective recommendation system by increasing the number of stimuli according to different types of discourse and behaviour patterns.

Phraseological translation of specialized speech: contrastive analysis of sports press in Russian and Spanish

This article discusses one of the most relevant topics from the point of view of translation: collocations in the sports press. The reason why this field was chosen is due to the great interest of linguists to include new words in dictionaries due to the influence of other areas of the language and the spread of sports in society. The result of the observed processes is that even native speakers of the Russian language find it difficult to read and understand sports news, and for foreigners interested in sports, these features of the sports press may present insurmountable difficulties, since the actual sports vocabulary is present in textbooks and dictionaries is limited. The analyzed corpus does not have the representative power inherent in large national and parallel corpora, however, this study has revealed several interesting phenomena and outlined ways to further study sports discourse: further study of collocations and productive models based on the material of large Russian and Spanish language corpora, Yandex search engines, blogs and other lexicographic online tools is of undoubted interest. In the process of assimilation of collocations, difficulties arise, since stable phrases are always difficult and impossible to predict. During the study, we saw that usually the components of combinations in one language do not coincide with other languages, since there is an influence on the language of the culture in which their own use of metaphors manifests itself. The compilation of multilingual educational dictionaries and the identification of productive collocation models can significantly expand the field of mastering the Russian language by foreigners and develop skills in predicting the meanings of unfamiliar words and collocations when getting acquainted with different types of discourse.

‘A Healthy Sex Life’: Love, Marriage and Sexual Knowledge in Franco’s Spain (1960–1975)

Summary This article aims to explore changes in the marital sex advice that was available in Spain during the last decade of the Franco Regime (1939–75). It pays particular attention to the representation of female sexuality, which was shaped by fluctuating ideas on the relationship between sexual pleasure, love and contraception. The study looks at a variety of sources and ponders the relationships between different types of discourses: male- and female-defined; religious and medical; popular and intellectual; expert and lay. These include marriage manuals, intellectual essays and women’s magazines. These sources suggest that paying attention to the means by which sexual knowledge is conveyed, to the context in which it is disseminated, and to the subtle changes in the agents with the authority to communicate it gives us insight into how sexual knowledge is distributed, received and redefined.

DISCOURS DES GUIDES TOURISTIQUES FRANÇAIS SUR LA ROUMANIE

Using a strategy for celebrating a country or a region, the guidebooks turn out to be one of the most important instruments in encouraging tourists to discover unusual places, cultures or gastronomies. Blending description, stories, explanation and argument, the discourse of the guidebooks is hybrid, insofar as it relates to descriptive, advertising, procedural, critical and didactic discourse. In our article we wanted to reveal how these different types of discourses are entangled in three French guidebooks on Romania and by what stylistic devices each of them attempts to enhance the tangible and intangible heritage of this country.

Moroccan University Students' Ability in Comprehending Argumentative Listening and Descriptive Listening Discourses: Meknes and kenitra as a Case Study

The students' comprehension of listening texts in different types of discourse is mandatory at the university level. However, Moroccan university students still find difficulties when listening to some types of discourse, especially the argumentative and the descriptive ones. Admittedly, knowing about the hindrances that students face while listening to different types of discourse will pave the way for teachers to improve their teaching methods concerning listening skills. The objective of this study is to measure the Moroccan university students' ability to comprehend argumentative and descriptive listening texts and whether there is a correlation between the two types of discourse. Tests are used as data collection instruments that were assigned to 92 Moroccan Semester 4 students studying in education professional BA degree in the school of Art and Humanities Moulay Ismail University in Meknes, Ibn Tofail University in Kenitra as well as ENS (Ecole National Supérieure) in Meknes. The findings state that there is a significant difference between descriptive and argumentative listening ability as well as a significant positive correlation between the two sets of data.

Самовыражение в разных типах дискурса

The paper deals with self-expression in communication treated as a variety of communicative function of the language. It is specifically manifested in different types of discourse. Three types of self-expression may be singled out in communication - involuntary, intentional and veiled. The first type is found in any type of discourse, it may be described as a gradual variety of self-control in communication, its maximal manifestation is typical of everyday conversation whereas its minimal degree is traced in political discourse and similar types of communication when the participants are responsible for any word they say. The second type is building and promotion of one's image, such images correspond to certain psychological personality types and their affiliation with different organizations. The border between involuntary, quasi-involuntary and intentional types of self-expression is often merged. The third type may be explained as a complicated variety of intentional self-expression, it differs from the previous types in its structure because it has a double nature and in this respect it may be regarded as a variety of manipulation.

Translator as Polemicist: The Clash of Paradigms in the First Polish Edition of Said’s Orientalism

The article analyzes the paratextual activity of Witold Kalinowski, the author of the first Polish translation of Edward Said’s Orientalism (1991), paying special attention to his polemical remarks and their relation to the vision of scientific, theoretical discourse. The translator does not strive for invisibility. On the contrary, he uses footnotes and brackets inserted in the main text to comment on different aspects of Said’s work. He signals problems ensuing from the differences between languages and cultures, explains the nature of linguistic difficulties and justifies his own solutions. He also takes on the role of editor and commentator, explaining Said’s allusions, supplementing the discussion with additional information, anticipating readers’ doubts about certain facts that might sound suspicious, and even inserting bracketed additions and clarifications which suggest that the original is unclear or imprecise. Finally, Kalinowski overtly expresses his polemical attitude: he provides certain parts of Said’s discussion with sic! annotation (thus suggesting that the author is wrong) and adds footnotes where he argues with what he sees as the author’s dubious and far-fetched interpretations. The Translator’s Note gives certain insight into the nature of the disagreement between the author and the translator. Explaining why Orientalism is a difficult book to translate, Kalinowski enumerates its troubling features: the combination of different types of discourse and the large number of polemical accents, due to which the book is not fully scientific. The moment of the book’s publication might suggest that such a qualification could have been a result of the then scarce presence of poststructuralist thought and cultural studies in the Polish humanities. However, the analysis of Witold Kalinowski’s articles as well as his doctoral thesis from the 1980s shows both his awareness of the theoretical currents that influenced Orientalism and his critical attitude towards Marxist thought. It is the aversion to the Marxist-inspired interpretations – both Kalinowski’s personal methodological conviction and a widespread attitude in the early post-communist Poland – that seems to be the reason of the clash in the first Polish translation of Said’s work.

Thematic Progression and Discourse Analysis

Thematic progression is a very important means for discourse construction. Different types of discourse will choose different thematic progression patterns in order to realize their different communicative purposes. Analyzing discourse through thematic progression pattern is helpful to understand the content and organization of the discourse. This paper uses Halliday’s [1] Theme-Rheme Theory and Zhu’s [2] four patterns of thematic progression to analyze Obama’s inaugural speech. It founds that the simple theme, unmarked theme and the constant thematic progression pattern are used mostly to achieving the communicative purposes.

Хроника конференции "Языковая и дискурсивная креативность человека говорящего: современный мир в языках России, Востока и Запада"

On January 18-22, 2022, the First All-Russian Conference with international participation "Linguistic and discursive creativity of Homo loquens: The modern world in the languages of Russia, East and West" was held on the basis of the Oriental Institute - School of Regional and International Studies of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia. The material for the research presented at the conference wase the means of expressing linguistic creativity in many languages, including those of different structures: Russian, English, German, Spanish, French, Greek, Korean, Chinese and Japanese. In the presentations of the plenary speakers, important theoretical issues were developed: the methodology for the research field of linguocreativity, the multidimensional nature of the phenomenon and the problems of determining the parameters of linguistic creativity, the classification of its levels, types and kinds. The discussions highlighted the search for effective research techniques and methods for studying non-standard phenomena in modern languages. Within the sections the role of linguistic creativity was discussed in the problematic discourses of the modern world, in foreign language education, Internet communication, and in the representation of personality. The phenomena of linguistic creativity in all the languages studied revealed the acute problems of interaction between language and society, language and culture. During the conference, a constructive exchange of experience in the study of new, non-standard linguistic phenomena in the languages of the world took place. The multidimensional analysis of linguistic creativity in different types of discourse has formed the basis for searching for patterns in the use of linguocreative techniques in different languages of the world. Among the promising tasks - based on the obtained synchronous data - is further comparative and contrastive analysis of languages and discourses.

II международная научная конференция «Слово, текст, источник: методология современного гуманитарного исследования»

An overview of the main problems that were discussed during the II International Scientific Conference "Word, Text, Source: Methodology of Modern Humanitarian Research", which was held at the Institute of Slavic Culture of the Kosygin Russian State University (Technology. Design. Art) more than 130 participants from 10 regions of Russia and from 4 countries. The participants focused on topical issues of the methodology of philological research, problems of terminology and tasks of interdisciplinary research. The presented reports reflect the whole range of topical humanitarian research. The range of issues discussed is varied. These are new scientific areas, such as theolinguistics and linguotheology, questions of method, methodology and terminology, questions of lexicographic definition and hermeneutic interpretation, the problem of visualizing linguistic phenomena, analysis of the relationship between the categories "text" and "context", etc. Also, the attention of researchers is directed to the description of discourse and the solution of problems of metaphorical interpretation in different types of discourse; issues of reconstruction of the central concepts of the individual-author's picture of the world.

Изменения концепта «Природа» в языковом сознании детей и подростков, вовлеченных в процессы цифровизации

The present paper deals with the issues of formation of the concept of NATURE in linguistic consciousness of a schoolchild, since it is exactly in childhood and adolescence that the worldview of surrounding reality emerges. The authors consider the topics of the semantic range and cultural significance of the concept NATURE in the Russian linguistic picture of the world of a child and adolescent. The study reveals and describes the dependence of conceptual content of consciousness on the real environment of existence of a modern child and adolescent assuming that the consequence of fragmentation of the world and “digitalization” of activity via formation of the clip thinking is a gradual loss of deep connections between the concept and related associative phenomena. The conclusions are based on polyparametric analysis of the data of the free associative experiments by means of definitive interpretation of values, comparative analysis and statistical processing of data, observation and description. The authors associate the prospects of the conducted research with a further study of the concept NATURE in different types of discourse in comparison with the eco-concept ENVIRONMENT. In terms of the given paper the eco-concept represents a multidimensional mental unit, having different forms of linguistic expression and possessing emotional, personal, natural, and cultural components. The potential for studying the raised issues in scientific, methodological and didactic aspects is due to the fact that ecological knowledge is a constantly evolving system, supplemented from outside.

ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНО-ОЦЕНОЧНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ СПОРТИВНОГО МЕДИАДИСКУРСА

This article considers the phenomenon of emotional evaluation in sports media discourse, with a particular focus on its stylistic features in the English and Italian languages. The topic has received much attention recently due to the growing interest both in sports and in the ways emotional evaluation is expressed in different types of discourse. Our study is based on sports media texts published by 17 English newspapers and 11 Italian periodicals during the 2020 UEFA European Championship. Continuous sampling revealed 1444 cases of emotional evaluation expressed by means of epithets: 720 and 724 units in the English and Italian texts, respectively. A comparative survey of the language units selected as the ones expressing the subjective attitudes of the authors of the newspaper articles was conducted. The textual features of the newspaper articles were examined. The meaning of each unit and its most likely semantic interpretation were determined by the method of semantic analysis. The contextual use of the units was revealed by the method of contrastive stylistic analysis. The obtained results led to a number of generalizations. They demonstrated that epithets are widely used to express emotional evaluations and thus effectively influence interlocutors in sports media discourse. Furthermore, the comparative analysis showed that English and Italian linguistic cultures are generally similar in terms of expressing subjective evaluations, both positive and negative, which could indicate the universality of sports events coverage and commentary. Finally, we found that the models of emotional evaluation typical of sports discourse that are based on the use of epithets can be considered universal categories employed to describe other stylistic devices and tropes as well.