Different Types Of Arthritis Research Articles

Investigation of periodontitis, halitosis, xerostomia, and serological characteristics of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis and identification of new biomarkers.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two different types of arthritis. Within RA, the subsets between seronegative RA (snRA) and seropositive RA (spRA) represent distinct disease entities; however, identifying clear distinguishing markers between them remains a challenge. This study investigated and compared the oral health conditions in patients with RA and OA to clarify the differences from healthy controls. In addition, we investigated the serological characteristics of the patients, the factors that distinguished patients with RA from those with OA, and the main factors that differentiated between snRA and spRA patients. A total of 161 participants (mean age: 52.52 ± 14.57years, 32 males and 129 females) were enrolled in this study and categorized as: normal (n = 33), OA (n = 31), and RA (n = 97). Patients with RA were divided into the following two subtypes: snRA (n = 18) and spRA (n = 79). Demographics, oral health, and serological characteristics of these patients were compared. The prevalence of periodontal diseases was significantly higher in patients with OA (100%) and RA (92.8%) than in healthy controls (0.0%). However, the presence of periodontal diseases was not utilized as a distinguishing factor between OA and RA. Xerostomia occurred more frequently in patients with RA (84.5%) than in patients with OA (3.2%) and healthy controls (0.0%) (all p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that periodontal disease was a very strong predictor in the diagnosis of OA compared to healthy controls, with an AUC value of 1.00 (p < 0.001). Additionally, halitosis (AUC = 0.746, 95% CI 0.621-0.871, p < 0.001) and female sex (AUC = 0.663, 95% CI 0.529-0.797, p < 0.05) were also significant predictors of OA. The strongest predictors of RA diagnosis compared to healthy controls were periodontal diseases (AUC = 0.964), followed by xerostomia (AUC = 0.923), age (AUC = 0.923), female sex (AUC = 0.660), and halitosis (AUC = 0.615) (all p < 0.05). Significant serological predictors of RA were anti-CCP Ab (AUC = 0.808), and RF (AUC = 0.746) (all p < 0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, xerostomia (odds ratio, OR: 8124.88, 95% CI 10.37-6368261.97, p-value = 0.008) and Anti-CCP Ab (OR: 671.33, 95% CI 2.18-207,074.02, p = 0.026) were significant predictors for RA compared to OA. When diagnosing spRA compared to snRA, anti-CCP Ab (AUC = 1.000, p < 0.001) and RF (AUC = 0.910, 95%CI 0.854-0.967, p < 0.001) had outstanding predictive performances. Therefore, clinicians and researchers should thoroughly evaluate the oral status of both OA and RA patients, alongside serological factors, and consider these elements as potential predictors.

Ideal cardiovascular health metrics have better identification of arthritis

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the association between ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHM) and arthritis (AR), as well as the interactions of various indicators in ICVHM on AR in US adults.MethodsWe involved 17,041 participants who were interviewed by NHANES from 2011 to 2018. AR included osteoarthritis or degenerative arthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and psoriatic arthritis and other arthritis (Other AR). Logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between AR and ICVHM. Mixed graphical model (MGM) was used to explore the interaction between variables in ICVHM.ResultsHigher ICVHM scores had a protective effect on AR. Compared to “≤1” score, the ORs of AR in participants with 2, 3, 4, and ≥5 were 0.586, 0.472, 0.259, and 0.130, respectively. Similar results were also found in different types of AR. ICVHM has a maximum area under the curve value of 0.765 and the interaction between blood pressure and total cholesterol was 0.43.ConclusionsICVHM correlates significantly with AR and is better at identifying AR than individual indicators. ICVHM can be better improved by controlling the indicators with stronger interactions. Our findings provide guidance for promoting health factors, which have important implications for identification and prevention of AR.

Mechanistic prospective and pharmacological attributes of quercetin in attenuation of different types of arthritis.

Arthritis is a frequent autoimmune disease with undefined etiology and pathogenesis. Scientific community constantly fascinating quercetin (QUR), as it is the best-known flavonoid among others for curative and preventive properties against a wide range of diseases. Due to its multifaceted activities, the implementation of QUR against various types of arthritis namely, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), gouty arthritis (GA) and psoriotic arthritis (PsA) has greatly increased in recent years. Many research evidenced that QUR regulates a wide range of pathways for instance NF-κB, MAK, Wnt/β-catenine, Notch, etc., that are majorly associated with the inflammatory mechanisms. Besides, the bioavailability of QUR is a major constrain to its therapeutic potential, and drug delivery techniques have experienced significant development to overcome the problem of its limited application. Hence, this review compiled the cutting-edge experiments on versatile effects of QUR on inflammatory diseases like RA, OA, GA and PsA, sources and bioavailability, therapeutic challenges, pharmacokinetics, clinical studies as well as toxicological impacts. The use of QUR in a health context would offer a tearing and potential therapeutic method, supporting the advancement of public health, particularly, of arthritic patients worldwide.

Prevalence of types of arthritis and its association with biochemical parameters among pre- and post-menopausal women in different cities of Pakistan.

Introduction: The prevalence of arthritis among both pre and post menopausal is alarmingly high. Old age, gender, obesity, unhealthy life style, poor nutrition, less physical activity, genetics, lack of knowledge about disease, lack if education are the factors which are strongly associated with onset of arthritis.&#x0D; Objective: To document prevalence of different types of arthritis and its association with biochemical parameters among pre- and post-menopausal women in different cities of Pakistan.&#x0D; Methodology: A total of 300 females’ patients who were diagnosed as case of arthritis from different aetiology, during April 2022 to September 2022, aged above 40 years were enrolled for this cross-sectional observational questionnaire and laboratory-based study. Their demographic and disease-related biochemical parameters were recorded and analysed.&#x0D; Results: Over all prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis was high (39%) among both pre- and post-menopausal females. Biochemical laboratory analysis showed mean low (11.90 ± 2.18) level of haemoglobin. 66.6% and 60.6 % of the female patients were seropositive for Rheumatoid factor (RF) and Anti Cyclic Citrullinated Protein (Anti-CCP) which is clinical characteristics of Arthritis patients.&#x0D; Conclusion: Women with different type of arthritis have border line mean levels of biochemical parameters which indicate co-morbidities like diabetes, cardiovascular and renal diseases, hypertension, obesity and osteoporosis.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Post-menopausal, rheumatoid, psoriatic, osteoarthritis, biochemical parameters.&#x0D;

Could endothelial progenitor cells complement the diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this meta-analysis was to systematically review existing evidence and evaluate variations in levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) among individuals with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Relevant studies were identified through database searches, and 20 records were enrolled. We used the fixed-effect model or random-effect model to estimate the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in circulating EPC levels between inflammatory arthritis patients and controls. The results showed that circulating EPC levels differed among subtypes of inflammatory arthritis, with significantly lower levels in patients with RA (SMD = -0.848, 95% CI = -1.474 to -0.221, p = 0.008) and PsA (SMD = -0.791, 95% CI = -1.136 to -0.446, p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was found in circulating EPC levels between patients with JIA and controls (SMD = -1.160, 95% CI = -2.578 to 0.259, p = 0.109). Subgroup analyses suggested that in patients with RA, circulating EPC levels were influenced by age, disease activity, and duration. Although many studies have investigated circulating EPC levels in patients with inflammatory arthritis, the results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis offers a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence and emphasizes the association between levels of circulating EPCs and various types of arthritis. However, further research is needed to determine the specific mechanisms underlying the observed differences in EPC levels in different types of arthritis and to establish the clinical utility of this biomarker.

Future Method of Diagnosis and Treatment of Arthritis

Arthritis is considered a common non-contagious disease, but it is widespread. There are different types of arthritis, most notably rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis. The least influential and the most difficult type in diagnosis is joint influenza. In this study, Arthritis (joint influenza) is investigated as a separate case and compared with other joint infections. After careful diagnosis and identification of its causes and symptoms, this type of arthritis was found to have symptoms of both rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis. A therapeutic method was considered as the method of diagnosis with a special diet.

Effect of Mean Platelet Volume on Platelet Rich Plasma Based Injection Therapy in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Knee JointA Longitudinal Study

Introduction: There are different types of arthritis seen in elderly patients, of which Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP), which is derived from blood, contains many growth factors. Platelet count and indices in PRP has association with pain score of OA, further study will prove its significance. Aim: To find the correlation of platelet parameters like platelet count, Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Plateletcrit (PCT) with clinical OA improvement score in PRP-treated patients of OA. Materials and Methods: The longitudinal study was done in the Department of Pathology, PDU Civil Hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, from January 2021 to October 2021. Study was conducted on 40 patients, who were administered intra-articular injection of PRP prepared using double spin method. It was injected at the site of maximum pain in the knee joint. Platelet count, MPV and PCT were noted in the pre and post intervention. Patients were followed-up at two months and six months. The data was analysed using Friedman Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The mean age of patients was 58.57±4.95 years and there were 26 (65%) females and 14 (35%) males. Increase in platelet count, MPV, PCT in PRP prepared by double spin method and improvement in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (Before8.38±0.63; After-4.28±0.85), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) (Before-63.30±4.99; After- 43.67±5.22) and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) (Before-45.04±6.06; After-66.14±5.78) score were found to be statistically significant. Correlation of platelet parameters WOMAC with Platelet count (p-value=0.052, R-value=-0.310), VAS with MPV (p-value=0.005, R-value=0.436) and IKDC with PCT (p-value=0.032, R-value=0.339) were also statistically significant at six months follow-up. Conclusion: Single dose intra-articular injection PRP in OA knee with KL Grade 1 and 2 is valuable, efficient and costeffective treatment to reduce or delay in knee replacement. The study showed the significant correlation of platelet parameters with OA improvement scores.

Selecting patient-reported outcome measures of health-related quality of life in adult rheumatology: quality and breadth of coverage.

Patient-centered research should assess outcomes important to patients and include patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains. Using a well-known HRQOL framework (World Health Organization QOL, or WHOQOL), we reviewed established PROMs used with adults with different types of arthritis to evaluate their HRQOL domain coverage and psychometric evidence to help PROM users select measures and determine whether other measures should be validated and/or developed. Nineteen PROMs and 92 corresponding articles were reviewed to determine which HRQOL domains were assessed. To support a streamlined but rigorous review, we used a rating system based on criteria established in part through existing rubrics (e.g., OMERACT COSMIN). Psychometric properties were rated on a scale from 1 to 18, where 18 was strongest. We examined the intersection between level of domain coverage and extent of psychometric support. Measures most commonly assessed physical health and level of independence, while fewer assessed social relations, environment, and psychological health. No measures assessed spirituality and religion, which may be relevant depending on intended use. PROMs with higher psychometric evidence tended to assess a broader range of HRQOL domains. Rubric scores ranged from 3 to 16, with an average of 9.3. Prominent and psychometrically sound PROMs are available that cover many of the WHOQOL domains. While gaps exist in the domain of spirituality, future work should focus on refining optimal use of existing PROMs relevant for arthritis versus developing new measures. We provide guidance on selecting PROMs, to that end.

Assessment of inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using thermography and machine learning: a fast and automated technique

ObjectivesSensitive detection of joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is crucial to the success of the treat-to-target strategy. In this study, we characterise a novel machine learning-based computational method to...

Comparison of High Flex Posterior Stabilized Implant (PS TKR) and Medial Pivot Implant (MP TKR) in Total Knee Arthroplasty with Respect to Knee Range of Motion, A Short Term Study

Background: Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common cause of functional impairment in the elderly. A complete knee arthroplasty is the most common knee operation for patients with advanced osteoarthritis. A complete knee arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that is used to treat osteoarthritis in its most severe form." Rheumatoid arthritis, advanced degenerative arthritis, and other forms of this type of osteoarthritis fall under this category. This way of treating different types of arthritis is both highly successful and completely risk-free. MP-TKR and PS-TKR designs have been proven to be beneficial only through a little amount of research so far. So, the aim of this study was to compare the mean range of motion by using two different types of implants i.e. high flexed posterior stabilized implant and medial pivot implant. Objectives: To compare the mean range of motion, in patients with advanced arthritis, treated with total knee arthroplasty, by using two different types of implants i.e. high flexed posterior stabilized implant and medial pivot implant. Study design: It is Randomized Comparative Trial. Setting: Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad. Subjects: A total of 62 patients were included in our study, which is divided into 2 groups, comprising of 31 patients in each group.

Production and Secretion of Gelsolin by Both Human Macrophage- and Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes and GSN Modulation in the Synovial Fluid of Patients with Various Forms of Arthritis.

Gelsolin (GSN) is an actin-binding protein involved in cell formation, metabolism and wound closure processes. Since this protein is known to play a role in arthritis, here we investigate how the synovial membrane with its specific synoviocytes contributes to the expression of GSN and how the amount of GSN expressed is modulated by different types of arthritis. Synovial membranes from adult healthy subjects and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are analyzed by immunofluorescence, Western blot and ELISA. Macrophage-like synoviocytes (MLS) and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated, cultured and analyzed for their potential to produce and secrete GSN. In addition, the GSN concentrations in the synovial fluid of various forms of arthritis are determined by ELISA. GSN is produced by the healthy and arthritic synovial membranes. Both forms of synoviocytes (MLS and FLS) release GSN. The results show that there is a significant reduction in GSN in the synovial fluid in adult patients with OA. This reduction is also detectable in adult patients with RA but is not as evident. In juvenile arthritis, there is a slight increase in GSN concentration in the synovial fluid. This study shows that primary MLS and FLS express GSN and that these cells, in addition to articular chondrocytes, contribute to GSN levels in synovial fluid. Furthermore, GSN concentrations are modulated in different types of arthritis. Further studies are needed to fully understand how GSN is involved in joint homeostasis.

An insight into anti-arthritic property of phytochemicals against Rheumatoid arthritis using molecular modelling and docking approach

Arthritis literally refers “joint inflammation”, it is a condition where one or more joints are inflamed. More than 100 different types of Arthritis were identified, most common types are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The present study mainly focuses on the development of the novel phytochemical inhibitors against rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis using an integrative cheminformatics drug discovery platform. In this study, we identified potential 405 phytochemical drug candidates, screened against eight selected targets of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis using molecular docking tool AutoDock. Three phytochemicals Withanolide, Diosgenin and bamyrin exhibited promising binding towards multiple drug targets selected for this study. When comparing with the binding between reference drugs, withanolide showed highest activity against Interleukin-23, Matrix metalloproteinase-3 and Interleukin 8 with binding energies -11.6, -9.4 and -8.3 kcal/mol respectively. Diosgenin also exhibited best activity against three targets that were Interleukin-23, JNK alpha and MMP-3 with -11.3, -10.4, -9.5 kcal/mol binding energies respectively. This study may be important contributing factor to develop new therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Synovial Fluid Cytokines, Chemokines and MMP Levels in Osteoarthritis Patients with Knee Pain Display a Profile Similar to Many Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

Background: There are currently no effective disease-modifying drugs to prevent cartilage loss in osteoarthritis and synovial fluid is a potentially valuable source of biomarkers to understand the pathogenesis of different types of arthritis and identify drug responsiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the differences between SF cytokines and other proteins in patients with OA (n = 21) to those with RA (n = 27) and normal knees (n = 3). Methods: SF was obtained using ultrasound (US) guidance and an external pneumatic compression device. RA patients were categorized as active (n = 20) or controlled (n = 7) based upon SF white blood cell counts (> or <300 cells/mm3). Samples were cryopreserved and analyzed by multiplex fluorescent bead assays (Luminex). Between-group differences of 16 separate biomarker proteins were identified using ANOVA on log10-transformed concentrations with p values adjusted for multiple testing. Results: Only six biomarkers were significantly higher in SF from active RA compared to OA—TNF-α, IL-1-β IL-7, MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-3. Only MMP-8 levels in RA patients correlated with SF WBC counts (p < 0.0001). Among OA patients, simultaneous SF IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15 levels were higher than serum levels, whereas MMP-8, MMP-9, and IL-18 levels were higher in serum (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results support the growing evidence that OA patients have a pro-inflammatory/catabolic SF environment. SF biomarker analysis using multiplex testing and US guidance may distinguish OA phenotypes and identify treatment options based upon targeted inflammatory pathways similar to patients with RA.

Frequency of Different Types of Arthritis in patients of Psoriasis

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is type of inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. There are multiple patterns of joint involvement in patients with psoriasis Aim: To determine the frequency of arthritis and its different types in patients of psoriasis presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore Methods: This cross Sectional study was conducted in Dermatology Department of Services Hospital, Lahore from 11th April, 2017 to 10th October, 2017. Two hundred and sixty patients having psoriasis were enrolled in the study, Patients’ detailed history about psoriasis, duration of psoriasis and joint pain or stiffness was taken. After written and informed consent Physical examination was done to determine the type of psoriasis and nail involvement. All the joints were examined for tenderness and deformities to assess the evidence of arthritis and its different types according to the site of involved joints. Results: Total numbers of patients included in the study was 260; in which 176 (67.7%) patients were males and 84 (32.3%) were females with the total mean age of 38 ±13.22 years. Out of 260 patients, 62(23.8%) patients had psoriatic arthritis (PsA), Out of these 62 patients having PsA, 23(37.1%) patients had Oligoarthritis, followed by Symmetric arthritis 19(30.6%) patients, Distal interphalangeal arthritis (DIP) in 15 (24.2 %). Conclusion: Our study concluded that almost one fourth of psoriasis patients had arthritis, asymmetrical oligoarthritis/monoarthritis came out to be the most common type in our study followed by symmetric polyarthritis, distal interphalangeal arthritis (DIP), Arthritis mutilans and axial arthritis Keywords: Psoriasis, types of psoriasis, arthritis, psoriatic arthropathy

Patients with different types of arthritis may be at risk for major depression: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.

Arthritis is one of the common causes of physical pain and disability, which often makes patients fall into major depression. However, the correlation between arthritis and major depression, and how different types of arthritis correspond to major depression remain to be explored. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between arthritis and major depression. Arthritis status was reported by participants themselves, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used to evaluate major depression, logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between arthritis and major depression. We analyzed the data of 25,990 adults who participated in the NHANES from 2007 to 2018. Participants with major depression were more likely to be female, Hispanic, smoker, less educated, less recreational activities, poverty-to-income ratio <5, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer or malignant tumor, diabetes, hypertension and higher body mass index (BMI). Arthritis was significantly correlated with major depression (25.4% vs. 44.9%; P<0.001), even after adjusting for gender, age, race, BMI, PIR, education, marriage, moderate recreational activities, smoking, history of coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer or malignant tumor, diabetes, and hypertension (OR =2.30, 95% CI, 2.06-2.56, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that compared with degenerative arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or other arthritis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) had the greatest influence on major depression patients. All patients with arthritis, especially PsA, may have the risk of major depression. Psychological intervention necessary for patients with arthritis.

Designing UHMWPE hybrid composites using machine learning and metaheuristic algorithms

The artificial replacement of hip joints comes into play when an individual is affected by different types of arthritis or sudden trauma. Hip prosthesis involves the usage of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as an acetabular element. The articulating surfaces of the joint are governed by different lubrication regimes such as boundary or mixed lubrication in which micro-wear debris is generated in the course of time, eventually leading to osteolysis. Present study attempts to design appropriate composite material for acetabular cups in hip joints using machine learning and evolutionary algorithm. Artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to develop models for UHMWPE composites with multiple nano and micro reinforcements mapping the mechanical and wear resistance of UHMWPE acetabular cup. Published experimental reports of UHMWPE composites with MWCNT, graphene and carbon fiber (CF) were used as a database to develop the ANN models for both mechanical and tribological properties. The models were used as objective optimization functions using genetic algorithm (GA) in single and multi-objective fashions for building composites with enhanced performance. The present materials informatics approach provides some convincing clues for experimental trials.

GM-CSF Expression and Macrophage Polarization in Joints of Undifferentiated Arthritis Patients Evolving to Rheumatoid Arthritis or Psoriatic Arthritis.

Background and AimsGM-CSF-dependent macrophage polarization has been demonstrated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our aim was to seek diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for undifferentiated arthritis (UA) by analyzing GM-CSF expression and source, macrophage polarization and density in joints of patients with UA evolving to RA or PsA compared with established RA or PsA, respectively.MethodsSynovial tissue (ST) from patients with UA evolving to RA (UA>RA, n=8), PsA (UA>PsA, n=9), persistent UA (UA, n=16), established RA (n=12) and PsA (n=10), and healthy controls (n=6), were analyzed. Cell source and quantitative expression of GM-CSF and proteins associated with pro-inflammatory (GM-CSF-driven) and anti-inflammatory (M-CSF-driven) macrophage polarization (activin A, TNFα, MMP12, and CD209, respectively) were assessed in ST CD163+ macrophages by multicolor immunofluorescence. GM-CSF and activin A levels were also quantified in paired synovial fluid samples. CD163+ macrophage density was determined in all groups by immunofluorescence.ResultsSynovial stromal cells (FAP+ CD90+ fibroblast, CD90+ endothelial cells) and CD163+ sublining macrophages were the sources of GM-CSF. ST CD163+ macrophages from all groups expressed pro-inflammatory polarization markers (activin A, TNFα, and MMP12). Expression of the M-CSF-dependent anti-inflammatory marker CD209 identified two macrophage subsets (CD163+ CD209high and CD163+ CD209low/-). CD209+ macrophages were more abundant in ST from healthy controls and PsA patients, although both macrophage subtypes showed similar levels of pro-inflammatory markers in all groups. In paired synovial fluid samples, activin A was detected in all patients, with higher levels in UA>RA and RA, while GM-CSF was infrequently detected. ST CD163+ macrophage density was comparable between UA>RA and UA>PsA patients, but significantly higher than in persistent UA.ConclusionsGM-CSF is highly expressed by sublining CD90+ FAP+ synovial fibroblasts, CD90+ activated endothelium and CD163+ macrophages in different types of arthritis. The polarization state of ST macrophages was similar in all UA and established arthritis groups, with a predominance of pro-inflammatory GM-CSF-associated markers. CD163+ macrophage density was significantly higher in the UA phases of RA and PsA compared with persistent UA. Taken together, our findings support the idea that GM-CSF is a strong driver of macrophage polarization and a potential therapeutic target not only in RA but also in PsA and all types of UA.

Identification of a distinct lipidomic profile in the osteoarthritic synovial membrane by mass spectrometry imaging

Synovial inflammation is one of the most characteristic events in different types of arthritis, including Osteoarthritis (OA). Emerging evidence also suggests the involvement of lipids in the regulation of inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the heterogeneity and spatial distribution of lipids in the OA synovial membrane and explore their putative involvement in inflammation. The abundance and distribution of lipids were examined in human synovial membranes. To this end, histological cuts from this tissue were analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization - mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). The lipidomic profile of OA synovium was characterized and compared with healthy and other forms of inflammatory arthropathies as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) using principal component analysis and discriminant analysis methods. Lipid identification was undertaken by tandem MS analyses and database queries. Our results reveal differential and characteristic lipidomic profiles between OA and control samples. Specifically, we unveiled that OA synovium presents elevated levels of phosphatidylcholines, fatty acids and lysophosphatidic acids and lower levels of lysophosphatidylcholines compared to control tissues. The spatial distribution of particular glycerophospholipids was also correlated with hypertrophic, inflamed or vascularized synovial areas. Compared with other inflammatory arthritis, the OA tissue showed lower amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine-based plasmalogens. This study provides a novel insight into the lipid profiles of synovial membrane and differences in abundance between OA and control tissues. The lipidomic alterations improves understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of OA and may be important for its diagnosis.

The association of transforming growth factor beta 1 gene polymorphisms with arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this study was to explore the association between transformation growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) gene polymorphisms and different types of arthritis. PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Biosis and four Chinese databases: China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and CQVIP, were searched. Studies that analyzed the association of the TGF-β1 polymorphisms with different types of arthritis were included. OR, 95% confidence interval and P value were calculated in three models including allele, dominant and recessive models, using D + L method. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. TGF-β1 869T > C polymorphism was significantly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in allele and recessive models, but not in dominant model (allele model T vs. C: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.13-1.49, P < 0.001; recessive model CC vs. TT + TC: OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.43-0.76, P < 0.001; dominant model TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.99-1.45, P = 0.063). Additionally, allele and recessive models showed that TGF-β1 -509C > T was significantly correlated with RA susceptibility, while dominant model revealed nonsignificant correlation (allele model: C vs. T: OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.00-2.28; P = 0.049; recessive model: TT vs. CC + TC: OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.37-0.72, P = 0.000; dominant model: CC vs. TT + TC: OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 0.79-2.76; P = 0.223). However, no significant association was found between TGF-β1 polymorphisms and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or osteoarthritis (OA) risk. This study demonstrated that 869T > C, -509 C > T polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene were associated with increased susceptibility of RA, while polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene were not associated with OA and AS. These findings suggest that studying TGF-β1 genotype may be useful in the prevention and management of RA. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the association of TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility of OA and AS.

Prescribing patterns in the management of arthritis in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Based on 2003 National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) data, a projected 67 million (25%) adults aged 18 years or older will have arthritis and 25 million (37%) of those will have arthritis-attributable activity limitations by the year 2030. Objective of this study is to know the prevalence of different types of arthritis, current trends of drug prescribing patterns in its management and to create awareness about rational use of drugs in a rural tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was an observational study of drug prescriptions among 100 arthritis patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital, India. Patients diagnosed with arthritis with or without co-morbidities were enrolled in the study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a verbal informed consent.Results: Out of 100 arthritis cases, prevalence of Osteoarthritis (OA) was seen more than Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Osteoarthritis was more commonly seen in males and RA in females. Arthritis was more prevalent in the age group of 36-65 years. Oral route was the most preferred route of administration of drugs and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were the first choice. Vitamin D3+ calcium was the most commonly prescribed drug in arthritis. Diclofenac was the most commonly used drug for monotherapy in OA and methotrexate in RA.Conclusions: In this study, some patients diagnosed with RA were treated with NSAIDs as first line and no Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARD) were given. This irrational prescribing trend should be changed. Non-pharmacological treatment has a qualitative role in treating arthritis and should be advised instead of multiple drug therapy.