Adaptation To Different Types Research Articles

Design and Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms in Automatic Grading of Students' Assignments

This study introduces machine learning methods for automatically grading students' assignments, catering to the changing demands of education in the digital age. By utilizing diverse techniques, the aim is to simplify the grading process, give prompt feedback, and improve overall efficiency in assessment practices. The research delves into the different types of assignments such as written responses and coding tasks, and presents a range of ML algorithms including NB, Decision Trees (DT), RF, SVM, Linear Regression (LR), KNN, and Ensemble Methods (EMs). The implementation involves extracting relevant features from assignments, preprocessing data to handle noise and outliers, and training models on a varied set of examples. The grading system prioritizes interpretability, accuracy, and efficiency while aligning with educational objectives and grading policies. Evaluation is done using suitable metrics like recall, accuracy, precision, F1 score for each algorithm. The study contributes to the progress of automated grading systems by providing valuable insights for educators on the potential impact of machine learning in enhancing assessment processes. Additionally, the designed algorithms demonstrate adaptability for different types of assignments and serve as a foundation for future enhancements in grading precision and efficiency.

발달장애 자녀를 둔 부부의 동반 대처 경험 연구

This study was conducted for the purpose of examining how the emotional interactions of parents of children with developmental disabilities change the couple's intimacy and parenting coping skills. For the study, 20 participants from 10 pairs of parents with children with developmental disabilities were recruited and conducted in-depth interviews, and the collected data was analyzed following the grounded theory of Corbin and Strauss. As a result, 92 concepts, 25 subcategories, and 9 categories were discovered, which were integrated into the core category of “Living as a dyadic parenting team and supporting the family.” The entire process follows the following steps: “Confusion → Individual coping → Transition → Cooperation-adjustment → Maintenance.” However, this process shows a cyclical development where progress and regression intersect. Research suggests that there are four different types of adaptation. They are the “mutual care type,” “combat-comrade type,” “player replacement type,” and “return after neglect type.”

Исследование жизнестойкости иностранных студентов из стран Средней Азии в период адаптации в вузе

This article reveals such an important psychological aspect during the period of adaptation of foreign students from Central Asian countries to higher education as resilience. The characteristic of the components of resili-ence in the form of indicators and leading components is given, with the help of which its role as the main core and resource of personality in the process of adaptation is confirmed. The aim of the work is to study the de-gree of vitality of foreign students from Central Asian countries with different types of adaptation to life difficul-ties. Psychological tests in the Russian language were chosen as the research methods, the participants of which were foreign students from three Central Asian countries studying in Russia. The authors analyzed the interrelation of the components of resilience and its importance in the process of adaptation of foreign students from Central Asian countries during their studies at Russian universities. The results of the study can be applied in the field of socio-psychological planning and forecasting.

Method for calculating the uplift capacity of a circular anchor plate at arbitrary depth in sand

Methods for calculating the uplift capacity of horizontal anchor plates have the problem of artificially distinguishing shallow and deep buried types in advance, but the classification standards differ greatly. Based on the application of digital photographic measurement technology in experiment, this paper focuses on a theoretical method for calculating the uplift capacity of horizontal anchor plate in sand at arbitrary depth without distinguishing shallow and deep burial types. The results show that the sliding surface in the soil extends to ground surface in approximately a straight oblique line at shallow burial depths, then gradually confined within the soil as a balloon shape as the burial depth increases, and further shrinks toward the anchor plate. This change of sliding surface has no absolute boundary but undergoes continuous evolution, and can be described by a morphological function of logarithmic spiral line, which is used to develop a unified mechanical model, and a theoretical method for calculating uplift capacity is deduced and established. The new mechanical model well reflects the continuous variation of the sliding surface, and comparison with other four methods on 8 experimental cases show that the new calculation method has good adaptability for different types of burial depths.

Marginal fit of milled versus different 3D-printed materials for provisional fixed dental prostheses: an in vitro comparative study.

Provisional dental prostheses are used as interim restorations to help patients perform oral functions between the time of tooth preparation and the placement of the final restoration. A provisional dental prosthesis should protect the abutment from pulpal and gingival aggressions, adapt correctly to keep healthy gingival tissues, be durable, and have a low price. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation of different types of provisional fixed dental prostheses (PFDP), fabricated using 3D printing technology versus the milling (computer-aided manufacturing [CAM]) technique. Two resin teeth (second premolar and second molar) on a typodont were prepared for three-unit provisional fixed dental prostheses. Thirty models were 3D-printed after a digital model was created using an intraoral scanner. Then, 30 provisional fixed dental prostheses (PFDPs) were made from a variety of materials using a digital design of a 3-unit PFDP and STL files delivered to a milling machine and a 3D printer, respectively. Ten PFDP were milled (CAM), and two sets of ten each, were fabricated with 3D printing technology (stereolithography), using two different materials. All restorations were analyzed under a microscope, and marginal gap was then measured using the software Image J. The milled group presented the best marginal gap values (ranging from 86 to 108 μm) and a median value of 93 μm, followed by GC group with (110-251 μm) with a median value of 205 μm and the PR group with median value of 316.5 μm. According to the findings of this in vitro study, the milling (CAM) technique and SLA technology provides acceptable marginal fit values to fabricate provisional fixed partial dentures.

Advancing primary sector adaptation in Aotearoa New Zealand

ABSTRACT Climate change is already being experienced across the primary sector in Aotearoa New Zealand. Adapting to the impacts already being observed, while also anticipating future impacts, requires consideration of different time frames as well as grounding within the farmer or grower’s own contexts. Uncertainty regarding longer-term climatic changes can present challenges for decision-making in the present time, but a growing body of analytical and practical processes can support this. Although some farmers are experimenting with different types of adaptation, more generally there is a dearth of action, particularly planning beyond the present and immediate future. Policy for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness and lifetimes of adaptation actions is required, as well as extension services supporting farmers and growers.

My Approach to “Athlete's Heart”: Evaluation of the Different Types of Adaptation to Exercise

My Approach to “Athlete's Heart”: Evaluation of the Different Types of Adaptation to Exercise

An Adversarial Multisource Data Subdomain Adaptation Model: A Promising Tool for Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motor Under Cross-Operating Conditions

Typical domain adaptation neural network that takes multi-source heterogeneous data as input usually achieves poor diagnostic accuracy in induction motor fault diagnosis under cross-operating conditions. Aiming at this problem, the present study proposes an adversarial multi-source data subdomain adaptation (AMDSA) model. This model encapsulates three types of modules: a shared feature extractor, a label predictor and a series of domain discriminators. The joint operation of the shared feature extractor and the domain discriminators is used to perform subdomain adaptation of different types of data for obtaining domain invariant features of multi-source heterogeneous data. The label predictor is employed to fuse these domain invariant features and realize label classification. The proposed model can solve the problem of multi domain adaptation in multi-source heterogeneous data through constructing a subdomain adaptation strategy and a feature fusion strategy. The effectiveness of AMDSA is verified by a series of diagnostic experiments on faulty induction motors under cross-operating conditions. The experimental results show that the average diagnostic accuracy of all cross-operating conditions reaches 97.62%.

Purinergic Mechanisms of Adaptation of Different Types of Motor Units under Conditions of Allergic Reorganization

Purinergic Mechanisms of Adaptation of Different Types of Motor Units under Conditions of Allergic Reorganization

Life expectancy and productivity of sows of different types of adaptation

The paper presents the results of studies of life expectancy and reproductive qualities of sows of plus-adaptive, modal and minus-adaptive types of adaptation, the criteria for the selection of highly productive animals according to the index "pig-uterus adaptation type (TASv) (methodology of the author of the article) is determined, the economic efficiency of the use of animals in experimental groups is calculated The research was carried out in the agricultural formations of the Dnipropetrovsk region and the laboratory of animal husbandry of the State University "Institute of Grain Crops of the National Academy of Sciences". The work was carried out according to the scientific research program No. 31 "Genetic improvement of agricultural animals, their reproduction and preservation of biodiversity (Genetics, preservation and reproduction of biological resources in animal husbandry)".
 Evaluation of sows by indicators of long-term adaptation and reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: life expectancy, months; duration of tribal use, months; received farts; all piglets were obtained, goal; received live piglets, goal; multifertility, goal; nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 30 days, kg; preservation of piglets until weaning, %. Biometric analysis of research results was carried out according to the methods of V.P. Kovalenko et al. (2010).
 The results of the study showed that the sows of the controlled population belong to the I class and the elite class according to the average indicators of multifertility and nest weight at the time of weaning. The coefficient of variation of these traits in sows of the large white breed ranges from 9.48 to 10.02%. Taking into account the intrabreed differentiation of sows according to the index "adaptation type of the sow", a reliable difference between animals of plus- and minus adaptive types was established for life expectancy, the duration of breeding use of the sow, as well as the indicators "obtained farts", "obtained live piglets total, goal", "multifertility, head" and "weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 30 days, kg". The number of reliable pairwise correlation coefficients between signs of long-term adaptation and reproductive qualities of sows of the large white breed is 57.14%. This biometric indicator ranges from –0.137 (tr=0.81) to +0.987 (tr=382.10). The criterion for selecting highly productive sows according to the "type of sow adaptation" index is 29.88-45.21 points.
 The maximum increase in additional production was obtained from sows of the plus-adaptive type +2.88%, and its value is +79.51 UAH. / head / farrowing

Patterns of rural innovation processes along agro-processing value chains: The case of Mopani district, South Africa

Innovation is recognized as a critical driver and component of economic growth and development. While innovation is considered crucial to solve societal problems and create opportunities in rural areas, insufficient effort has gone into examining the nature of innovation processes as they unfold in rural areas. Consequently, our understanding of the patterns of innovation by rural-based enterprises remains limited. This study uses a qualitative approach to explore the patterns of rural innovation processes within two agro-processing enterprises in South Africa’s Mopani District Municipality. Data collection was conducted on-site using semi-structured interviews with a range of interviewees located along the agro-processing value chains of the enterprises. The analysis shows that enterprises increasingly engage in adoption and adaptation of different types of innovations. These innovations complement core business operations rather than completely change them. Rural innovation is predominant in non-R&D and non-technological areas such as commodity supply arrangements, production processes and marketing strategies. Our findings provide insights into the conditions that facilitate innovation. We suggest that innovation policy should strengthen and enhance existing local innovation capacity in rural areas. Future research on the origins and nature of rural innovation in emerging enterprises could incorporate large sample data to provide additional insight.

Integrated aviation model and metaheuristic algorithm for hub-and-spoke network design and airline fleet planning

Most extant studies on aviation’s hub-and-spoke network focus on the optimization problems from the perspective of economies of scale thanks to the inherent inter-hub connections, whereas the economies of scale on each route is contingent on the associated allocation of different types of aircraft. In this paper, we devise an integrated model of hub-and-spoke network design and fleet planning with the constraints of the passenger flow demand as well as the adaptation of different types of aircraft for each route, with the objective to minimize the total system cost (i.e., the sum of the hub setting cost and aircraft’s related cost). To tackle the complexity of the integrated model, we develop a heuristic solution algorithm based on a Genetic Algorithm framework and an improved Floyd–Warshall algorithm to solve the value of the fitness function. The proposed model and the developed algorithms are tested with the US flight network (i.e., the CAB dataset) and China’s aviation network. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the demand window is one of the critical factors that affect hub-and-spoke network design and fleet planning, while the utilization rate of specified aircraft fleet determines the fleet configuration, which poses relatively less impact on hub-and-spoke network design.

‘Variations on a scale’: British Music Hall and instances of adaptation as performance

This article explores and extends the capacity of the framework of inclusion and exclusion as adhered to and cultivated by the core of the field of adaptation studies. Investigating the focus on the textual, this article is a consideration of the role and position of the textual in the discourse of adaptation studies before considering three different types of adaptation in performance in Victorian Music Hall where the adaptation of the textual as well as the non-textual form a common base for a variety, if not majority, of performances. Considering popular performance outside of the confines of the theatre offers examples of adaptations based on textualities and those beyond textualities as well as a combination of the two. Examples analysed include the singer Marie Lloyd, who is probably most widely known as a Music Hall star outside of the confines of theatre history, the magician William Elsworth Robinson aka Chung Ling Soo and monkey-man Harvey Teasdale. Such opening-up of adaptation studies’ textual focus will subsequently allow a flexing, a keeping supple of any framework of inclusion and exclusion constructed.

Digital assessment of marginal accuracy in ceramic crowns fabricated with different marginal finish line configurations.

To digitally evaluate the marginal adaptation of different types of all-ceramic crowns on two different marginal configurations such as Shoulder and Chamfer of the prepared teeth. The marginal fit of the crown specimens on the model of the prepared teeth were assessed using the dual scan replica technique. Two plastic teeth were prepared; one having a Shoulder finishing line (A), while the other with a Chamfer finish line (B). Three types of different all-ceramic crowns, layered zirconia, monolithic zirconia, and pressed lithium disilicate, were fabricated for each prepared tooth (A) and (B). Measurements for assessing the marginal discrepancy were done on four designated points on the mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal surface of the superimposed image. The average marginal gap was the largest in the layered zirconia group, followed by monolithic zirconia, while pressed lithium disilicate crowns showed the least marginal gaps. Crowns with Chamfer finish lines were better fitting (less marginal gap) than the shoulder finish lines across all the groups. Chamfer finish lines produced better fitting restorations, and heat-pressed lithium disilicate crowns showed better adaptation at the margins than both layered zirconia and monolithic zirconia.

Psychological adjustment of Spanish adolescents and their parents during COVID-19 lockdown: A mixed method approach.

Previous literature on the psychological impact of COVID-19 has shown a direct relationship between family conflicts and psychological distress among parents and their children during the domestic lockdown and social isolation; but there are also opportunities to enhance family bonding, encourage collective problem-solving and improve personal relationships. This study aimed to explore psychological adjustment processes of Spanish adolescents and their parents during the first month of lockdown by analyzing their narratives, perceived outcomes, protection and risk factors. A total of 142 people agreed to participate in this study. Of all participants, 61 were adolescents (M = 13.57; SD = 1.74; 57% women) and 81 were parents (M = 46.09; SD = 4.72; 91% mothers). All were Spanish residents and completed an online survey during the domestic lockdown in March 2020. From a qualitative design, methodology followed a mixed approach to analyze data. The results showed three different types of adaptation to lockdown and social isolation in both adolescents and their parents: 1) positive adjustment, 2) moderate adjustment, and 3) maladjustment. Most participants reported a good adjustment and only a 20% of parents and a 16% of adolescents stated that they had not been able to achieve a positive psychological adjustment. There are few significant quantitative differences between adolescents and their parents. The qualitative analysis of data showed that adolescents reported less psychological distress than their parents. The two most important protective factors were social support and keeping busy during lockdown. The most significant risk factors were loss of mobility and social isolation. The conclusions stressed that regarding psychological maladjustment, parents experienced feelings of uncertainty whereas adolescents experienced a kind of mourning process. These findings can be used to design and implement effective intervention measures for mental health and psychological well-being in such a difficult situation as domestic lockdown.

Sojourner expectations: Are they met and does it matter if they’re not?

This research examines the association between cross-cultural travelers’ well-being and the discrepancy between expected and experienced adaptation, in a longitudinal study of intercultural exchange students (N = 1762; Mage = 17 years; 70 % female). Specifically, two competing hypotheses were tested. Whereas the accuracy hypothesis suggests that unmet expectations lead to poorer outcomes, the directional hypothesis proposes that the outcome of unmet expectations will depend on whether expectations are overmet or undermet. Both sojourners’ adaptation expectations (pre-travel) and adaptation experiences (during the sojourn) were measured alongside general well-being. Controlling for baseline, well-being during the sojourn was regressed on the direction (undermet or overmet) and the magnitude (extent of discrepancy) of the adaptation expectation-experience discrepancies. These analyses were conducted across time (at entry or 5 months into the sojourn), different types of adaptation (psychological and sociocultural adaptation), and different measures of well-being (stress and satisfaction with life). Across analyses, results indicate that the direction of mismatch appears to matter little for small mismatches. However, for larger mismatches a positive effect emerged for sojourner well-being when the experience was better than expected, but a negative effect when the experience was worse than expected. Overall, the results support a directional hypothesis.

Profiles of Maladjustment and Interpersonal Risk Factors in Adolescents.

The individual’s adaptation problems can lead to risky behaviors such as drug use. This study aimed to analyze the existence of different adaptation profiles (personal, school, and social) in adolescents. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the existence of significant differences in interpersonal risk factors depending on the degree of adaptation. The study participants were 1,201 students of Compulsory Secondary Education (M = 14.43, SD = 1.43), and 50.6% were girls. The TAMAI Test (multifactorial adaptation self-evaluation test) and the FRIDA questionnaire (Interpersonal Risk Factors for Drug Use in Adolescence) were used. A latent class analysis (LCA) revealed three different types of adaptation: maladjusted group, at-risk group, and adjusted group. The results showed the existence of significant differences between the different adaptation profiles based on interpersonal risk factors. The data obtained will help school and mental health plans to prevent misbehaving or risky behaviors.

A generalized cost-sensitive model for decision-theoretic three-way approximation of fuzzy sets

Decision-theoretic three-way approximation of a fuzzy set F exploits a three-element set { 0 , 0.5 , 1 } in order to approximate F . By relying on an optimum pair of thresholds ( α , β ) , it changes elements’ membership grade μ F ( x ) to 0 , 0.5 and 1 if μ F ( x ) < α , α ⩽ μ F ( x ) ⩽ β and μ F ( x ) > β respectively. A general three-element system, { n , m , p } , 0 ⩽ n < m < p ≤ 1 , has been proposed in the literature. However, the main issue is to determine appropriate n ≠ 0 , m ≠ 0.5 and p ≠ 1 . A recent advancement has determined m ( 0 < m < 1 ) . However, n = 0 and p = 1 are still imposed by the model. This restriction on the values of n and p lacks general adaptation for different types of membership distribution. In this paper, a novel way of determining appropriate values of n , m , and p is given without the aforesaid restriction. We consider an alternative { n , m , p } formula for computing the optimum pair ( α , β ) in cost-sensitive three-way approximation context. We use synthetic fuzzy sets and some datasets from UCI Machine Learning repository to demonstrate the suitability of the { n , m , p } system in minimizing approximation error and producing well-guided approximation regions.

Study on the Optimization of Activity-oriented Rural External Public Space—On the Basis of Beijing Shuiyu Village

In China today, the construction of public space outside the traditional countryside has been influenced by the new urbanisation and has initially changed in the direction of intensification, functionalisation and outward orientation, and in the process has exposed the problems of uneven distribution, single function and under-release of stock. The starting and ending points are the adaptation of different types of public space to outdoor activities. In summary, the three main types of outdoor activities in China's countryside are gathering, leisure and commercial activities, and there are differences in the form and distribution of external space dominated by different activities, and different construction strategies. As an ancient village with mainly assembly and leisure activities, Beijing Shuiyu Village has a single form of assembly space, a scribbled monument space and a blank commercial space. Based on this, the thesis proposes a spatial strategy of "monument protection, assembly development and commercial increment", which promotes the revitalisation of the village in parallel with protection and development, guides the transformation of the village space in a holistic manner, and provides a refined activity perspective for the optimisation of the village space in general.

From South to North in the globalised world of early childhood education and care: varied national and local responses in selected countries

This article analyses the neoliberal transformation of ECEC in five selected countries (Germany, Slovakia, Indonesia, Nepal, and Kenya). Both the Global South and the Global North are represented. The countries were selected either because of the authors’ involvement in research in the respective country or because of their long-term personal experience of that particular system of ECEC. The knowledge the authors acquired enabled them to delve deeper into the question of the point at which ECEC systems encounter neoliberal education policy and to describe the different ways in which the countries have adapted to the new policies. The article shows that neoliberal education policies require different types of adaptation and that these may have very different effects on the system of ECEC – from a change in concept to system convergence and practical resistance or total governance of the ECEC sector. The article contributes to a more granular understanding of the effect of the economising discourse on the ECEC sector. Keywords: ECEC, social investment approach, EU, Germany, Slovakia, Indonesia, Kenya, Nepal, Global North, Global South