Different Regions Of Russia Research Articles

Народные названия песенной мелодии и ее характеристики

The article is devoted to the consideration of Russian folk terminology related to the song tune. It is based on materials from field studies in different regions of Russia, publications on Russian musical folklore and dialect dictionaries. The names of the song melody are associated with singing (raspev, propev, golos), with speech, speaking as the process closest in its physiological features to singing, in which the voice also participates (rech’, slovo, esak), with a written record of the melody (stroka) among Russian Old Believers. Moreover, the tune is thought of by folk singers as the basis of the song, its most important part, which can be colored with all sorts of voice branches, or compared to a stream of water (golos rastekaet). Song melodies differ in the direction of movement in one direction or another (sklon — from “tilt in any direction”; vyvod, vyvodka — from ‘lead along a certain path’); in spatio-temporal parameters (dlinnyj or dolgij golos and koroten’kij golos); in intensity of movement (for example, lezhachij (recumbent) motive, “ne bodryj” (not peppy); by emotional coloring (veselyj (cheerful), skuchnyj (dull), obidchivyj (susceptible); as well as by attachment to the rite or season (svad’bishnyj (wedding) or vosennyj (autumn) voice); by gender and age status of performers (mushchinskij (masculine), starushechij (old woman) voice), and by belonging to a certain local tradition (Verkhovsky and Nizovsky tunes, respectively, in the upper or lower reaches of the river), etc.

Nutrition problems of modern schoolchildren, including children with disorders of the psychological development

The health is influenced by many factors including physical, psychological, emotional well-being, both social and economic viability of the child family. In addition, one of the key factors affecting the maintenance and promotion of health is a balanced diet. Adequate dieting is necessary for the normal physiological functioning of the child’s body, because due to the rapid growth and development, children are very prone to the deficiency of its various components. This issue is especially relevant for children studying in specialized schools. If the principles of a balanced diet are not observed, many symptoms of diseases, including psychoneurological ones, are aggravated and often cannot be corrected. According to the results of epidemiological studies conducted in different regions of Russia, significant violations in the nutrition of all school-age children were revealed. These include an irrational ratio of essential nutrients, excessive consumption of fat, added sugar and salt, insufficient content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, macro- and microelements, dietary fiber, as well as disturbances in the regimen and management of nutrition. It is important to note that the described violations were found in schoolchildren of general education schools, while studies on the actual nutrition of children in correctional schools were not conducted. Conclusion. Despite a lot of research in the field of nutrition, there remains a need to study the structure of nutrition and nutritional status in children studying in correctional schools to scientifically substantiate and develop measures for the prevention and correction of alimentary-dependent diseases. The main directions of which should be monitoring the nutritional status of children in the following up their development, optimizing nutrition, taking into account the pathology of the child, the use of fortified foods and the appointment of vitamin-mineral complexes, with the aim of additional intake of necessary substances. When searching for literature, the databases Web of Science, CyberLeninka were used.

Stable Isotope Ratios (H, C, O) of Honey Samples from Different Regions of Russia

Stable Isotope Ratios (H, C, O) of Honey Samples from Different Regions of Russia

Addictive behaviour of students: Early detection experience and socio-psychological characteristics

Introduction. Today, there is an increase in the risks of involving minors in various forms of deviant behaviour, among the varieties of which addictive behavioural models are particularly dangerous. In this regard, proactive preventive measures are becoming particularly relevant, among which one of the key areas is the timely identification of potential addicts, including among students of educational organisations.Aim. The aim of the study was to identify the actual socio-psychological characteristics of the personality of underage students who are prone to addictive behaviour.Methodology and research methods. The comparative-analytical method of working with scientific literature presented in eLIBRARY.RU, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases was used as the main theoretical method. When organising the study, the authors relied on a number of methodological provisions: the structural method, when the research material is interpreted in accordance with the specific characteristics of the object of study; the method of comparisons, which consists in comparing individual results with each other. The main empirical method was the testing method. To obtain the results of the study, the authors employed a unified methodology of socio-psychological testing aimed at the identification of the risk of formation of addictive behaviour in minors. For mathematical and statistical data processing, the Statistics SPSS 19.0 package was applied: the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Dmax criterion (for boys and girls separately and jointly), the Mann-Whitney U test, regression analysis, analysis of averages, confidence and percentile intervals. Also, the factor analysis method was used – the principal component method, Varimax rotation. The stability of factors was calculated using the Lewandowski’s method. The study was conducted in different regions of Russia in 2019–2020. The sample consisted of 6,300 people.Results. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the authors described the epidemiological picture of various forms of addictive behaviour of minors, the differences between male and female samples (young men demonstrate a greater desire for leadership, protest reactions, rivalry, and girls are more anxious, frustrated, focused on internal experiences), the interrelationships between the scales of the methodology and the poles of the selected factor structure from the point of view of asociality and prosociality of juvenile behaviour (desire for risk, social maladjustment, avoidance of conflict and others).Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the results is due to the receipt of relevant data on the specifics of the socio-psychological characteristics of modern adolescents and young men prone to addictive behaviour.Practical significance. The practical significance lies in the fact that the identified socio-psychological characteristics of the behaviour of a person prone to addictive behaviour can become the main planning work on the early detection of a tendency to addictive behaviour, organisation of preventive work with imperfect-year-olds, as well as for the organisation of psychological work with students at risk.

Collecting Asian Art in the Urals: A Regional Phenomenon in the European Context

This article summarises the experience of over ten years behind the study and presentation of Asian collections from the Urals between the nineteenth and early twenty-first centuries. The material presented reveals the regional peculiarities of this process and focuses on the facts and features characteristic of the European tradition of collecting materials from this historical period. The relevance of this material is due to the lack of knowledge of eastern collections in different regions of Russia, mainly kept not in museums of art but in local history museums of various formats, as well as the need to analyse and determine the place of Russian regional collections in the pan-European process of collecting Asian art objects. During this period, in the Urals, which did not have close territorial ties with the countries of the East or large art markets, there was a continuous process of accumulation of extensive collections representing a comprehensive picture of the development of art in several Asian countries (Japan, China, Tibet, Mongolia as well as Buryatia, a Buddhist region of Russia closely associated with it). The article notes objective and arbitrary reasons and events leading to the arrival of individual artworks and entire collections in the Urals, gives examples of such processes in Europe and reveals the specifics and differences between the Ural collections and those in the capital. In addition, the material is supplemented by information about the composition and quantitative indicators of private and museum collections that have formed in the Urals over two centuries. Also, the authors outline research lacunae in the study of individual collections. Following this, the article is divided into three time-blocks, on the one hand, coinciding with historical periods, and, on the other, reflecting changes in the socio-political and cultural life of the country, affecting the nature of the formation of Asian collections in the Urals from the mid-nineteenth century to the present.

Genetic Monitoring as a Component of Hepatitis C Surveillance

Background: The hepatitis C virus is known for its high spontaneous mutation rate and genetic heterogeneity. Genotype distribution varies greatly between different regions of Russia. This phenomenon reflects autonomous nature of the epidemic process of the hepatitis C infection. Objective: To investigate and analyze the diversity of genetic variants of the hepatitis C virus currently circulating in the city of Nizhny Novgorod. Material and methods: Official hepatitis C incidence data for the Nizhny Novgorod Region were analyzed retrospectively. From the blood serum bank, we obtained 142,254 serum samples from examined outpatients and patients admitted to hospitals for noninfectious diseases. Laboratory testing included detection of the following markers for hepatitis C virus infection: serum anti-HCV IgM and IgG, antibodies to structural and non-structural viral proteins. A part of seropositive samples was tested for HCV RNA and genotyped by real-time PCR. Results: We observed stabilization of the trend in the incidence of acute hepatitis C in Nizhny Novgorod and a steady decrease in the incidence of newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis C. The antibody serology tests showed that the prevalence of anti-HCV was 3.1 ± 0.1 per 100 examined persons. HCV RNA was detected in 1.9 ± 0.1 % of adults, the most affected being those aged 40–49 years. Subtypes 1b and 3a prevailed while subtype 1a, genotype 2, and mixed variants were rare. Conclusion: Introduction of advances in genetic diagnosis into the system of epidemiologic hepatitis C surveillance is determined by the relevance of conducting a comprehensive examination of people infected with HCV in order to monitor circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes/subtypes and to understand the evolution and epidemiological features of the disease in different areas.

Russian Sign Language Database for Clinical Use: Data and Annotation Peculiarities

This work has been carried out by the members of the Laboratory of Speech and Multimodal Interfaces of the St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences within an interdisciplinary research project aimed at the creation of an automatic Russian sign language translation system. The paper presents the design of a Russian sign language digital database for a specific subject area, namely, «The first visit to doctor».Our database is meant to be used first of all a dataset for training neural network-based systems of automatic translation from Russian sign language. But also, it can be of interest for linguistics of sign languages in general since the approach elucidates solution of a number of distorting phenomena typical for continuous sign language tracking, such as epenthesis, assimilation, reduction, and hold deletion.The principal difference between the presented video data and other datasets developed for similar purposes is the use of continuous sign utterances and elements of Russian sign language proper instead of the so-called “signed Russian” (that is, the visual form of the Russian spoken language), popular in deaf schooling.One of the most challenging problems, dealt with in the paper, is an automatic segmentation of sign speech into separate meaningful units with clearly defined boundaries. Its solution is hampered by signs’ deformations in continuous speech. In this paper, the segmentation is carried out within the framework of the movement-hold model. This approach allows extraction of their functional core as well as annotation of possible changes likely to appear in different signs’ segments. Accordingly, each utterance was subdivided into segments of motion and hold, and the resulting sign schemes were then entered into a separate directory containing information about the main parameters of each hold, including the possibilities of change due to immediate environment. The result of this work is a full decomposition of the signs, forming the database which can find its application in different statistical models of Russian Sign Language.Among other linguistic peculiarities of the database should be noted lexical variability of signs, mouthing and code switching between Russian sign language and “signed Russian”. Also, our signers learned Russian sign language in different regions of Russia, thus the collected data is potentially a source for research in dialectal variability of Russian sign language.

Interregional cooperation in the development of region industry in the context of economic sanctions

Increasing the competitiveness of industrial production largely depends on the development of interregional cooperation, which implies a deepening of specialization. The other side of cooperation is the expansion of interregional exchange. In modern conditions, cooperation and exchange ties extend not only to the domestic market, but also to the external one. Dependence on foreign markets has already become decisive for many countries today. Different regions of Russia depend on foreign markets in different ways. These differences also apply to activities. The article discusses the content and tasks of restructuring ties for cooperation in the industry of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the context of economic sanctions. Among the emerging problems are the narrowing of sales markets, breaks in technological chains and the associated decrease in the level of innovation and competitiveness of enterprises. The mechanism for restoring the integrity of production chains is shown, including the reorientation of the exchange to friendly countries, the search for and finding sources of goods and services within the country, for which it is proposed to organize joint production of components and expand their existing production facilities, with the involvement of potential consumers.

The Network Capital of the Cossack Youth as an Element of the Social Capital of the Russian Cossacks

Introduction. The article considers the modern Russian Cossacks as a complex social object in the trinity of interpersonal, intragroup and intrapersonal communications. The ethno markers of the Cossacks that influence the perception of “friend or foe” are determined; the problem of the concept of the network capital of the Cossacks is formulated. Methodology and sources. The section formulates the construction of network capital from the point of view of structuring social relations in the network approach, and from the point of view of the culture of interactive communication in the network space. The main approaches to the definition and measurement of network capital are shown, its specificity for the social group of Cossack youth is revealed. The network model of the Cossacks and Cossack youth is described as a whole and its part. The role of state-forming values in the Cossack environment is shown. The largest network Cossack youth organizations from different regions of Russia are presented. Results and discussion. The article describes the methodology for researching network capital, organized at the All-Russian Gathering of Cossack Youth in the fall of 2021 in the city of Krasnoyarsk. On the basis of four groups of values of the Cossack youth, namely social, personal, values of the Cossacks and values of the direct contact environment, a network analysis of positive and negative relationships, as well as relationships in subgroups of values, is carried out. As a comparative analysis, the results of measuring the network capital of students of the IT faculty of the evening department are used, which show a clear professional orientation and belonging to a generalized supranational community of IT specialists and a low team-building potential. The authors conclude that the construction of “network capital” is more often used in an empirical sense to obtain information about the mechanisms of access to resources or some kind of influence through network relations. Conclusion. In general, the theory of “network capital” is in the process of its formation and requires further scientific understanding. In the ongoing process of institutionalization of the Cossacks, contradictions often arise between the traditions and values of modern society, which the Cossack youth seeks to resolve in a compromise way. It is concluded that the network capital of the Cossack youth is in the stage of its active accumulation and continuous transformations.

Teachers’ and students’ attitudes towards feedback: Contradictions and development trends

Introduction. The study is based on one of the findings of J. Hattie’s meta-analysis, which proves the importance of feedback in the educational process as a critical factor affecting the quality of learning outcomes. However, the issue about the significance of this factor and its perception by education researchers and direct participants in educational relations (teachers and students) is still open to question. An objective answer to this question will develop practical steps to develop literacy in applying feedback in modern school education.Aim. Based on the data of a comprehensive empirical study, the present research is aimed to identify and analyse the value aspect of the attitude to feedback from teachers and students as an integral part of academic literacy.Methodology and research methods. To mark the general didactic boundaries of the theoretical discussion, the authors chose the feedback literacy model, which consists of four components: the acceptance of the value of feedback, the ability to make judgments, the control of emotions, and the ability to act on the basis of feedback. The comprehensive empirical research consisted of two stages in 2020–2021; it was conducted on representative samples of high school students and teachers from different regions of Russia. At the first stage, the authors studied value attitude to feedback among high school students. A representative group of high school students (n = 2710) took part in the cross-sectional research. The cross-sectional research outcomes were developed in a field experiment with school children from 16 to 18 years old (n = 137) trained according to the unified programme. At the second stage, a comparative research among teachers (n = 134) was carried out using the method of a written survey containing closed and open questions about teachers’ understanding of the feedback phenomenon and their attitude towards it. This survey also included the data obtained from the survey of school children at the first stage, aiming for their expert evaluation by teachers. Thus, teachers were motivated to display a reflective and expert position, making it possible to obtain a more holistic view of the research subject.Results. As a result of the present research, it was found that Russian teachers understand the concept of feedback quite fully, although such an understanding is more intuitive than mastered in practice. Marks for progress are perceived by teachers as low-quality, formalised feedback, and alternative methods (comments on the student’s work) as resource-consuming and, therefore, not applicable in daily practice.The research outcomes showed that adolescents perceive feedback more as the teacher’s prerogative and not as their opportunity to develop their learning ability. At the same time, modern school children want to receive feedback in the form of a detailed commentary, although they do not have experience with it. In the context of a positive encouragement of students to request feedback from a teacher, adolescents are ready to quickly change their scholarly communication with an adult to achieve better results.According to the results obtained, teachers consider students generally unable to interpret correctly unmarked feedback and formulate their request for it. Other external circumstances hindering the development of qualitative feedback practices include, in the opinion of teachers, the dominance of the point system of assessment in school; organisational and bureaucratic costs that limit the teacher’s search in the field of feedback methods; parents’ attitude towards formal (marking) results; the inability of students to objectively perceive feedback other than formal assessment.The results of the study demonstrate that teachers, on the whole, give a low rating to the readiness of school children to work with detailed feedback and to request it, linking this with the lack of formation of emotional, cognitive and communication skills in their students that they need to request, perceive and interpret full feedback.Scientific novelty. The study confirmed the relevance of the theoretical-empirical model “feedback literacy” for the school, although it was initially proposed for universities. The study compared for the first time the attitude to the concept of feedback on the part of different subjects of the educational process – students and teachers.Practical significance. Based on empirical data, deficiencies and contradictions in teachers’ ideas about the practice of feedback were identified, and the readiness of students to use feedback resources in student-centred (personalised) learning was assessed. Applying the feedback literacy model to the context of the modern Russian school has made it possible to identify the semantic, value and communicative deficiencies of quality feedback that arise at the initial stage of its development, which can be a demanded practical result for international educational practices.

Актуальные проблемы или «национальные особенности» радиационного контроля питьевой воды

Relevant metrological problems of monitoring radiation in water, as well as other types of radiation measurements, are mainly related to insufficient status of measures of specific activity (standard solutions of radionuclides) and limited calibration capabilities in laboratories and standardization organizations in different regions of Russia. If there are no certified reference materials and measurement standards adequate for a measurement task, then metrological traceability of measurements can be carried out according to calibration procedures regulated by measuring methods using calibration standards prepared as certified mixtures from calibrated solutions of radionuclides, as well as pure uranium and potassium compounds. Regular interlaboratory comparisons with control samples having reference quantity values of the measured parameters allow laboratories to confirm their technical competence and the metrological traceability of measurement results.

Isotopic Composition and Fractionation of Stable Magnesium Isotopes in Relation to Fruits Growing in Different Regions of Russia

Background: Present study on determining the region of origin of raw materials, the authenticity of organic food products is relevant. The determination of the natural content of stable isotopes are not able to answer these questions. The solution can be obtained by studying the ratios and fractionation of stable isotopes, which provide information on the transformations of chemical elements in biological, ecological and geochemical studies. Methods: During 2020-2021 obtained data on the content of magnesium isotopes in apple fruits of 14 varieties from three growing regions of the Russian Federation. Previously, over 10 years, a database was formed of more than 500 samples on the level of potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and nitrogen cations, depending on the variety and phase of fruit development. Result: Research presents the results of determining the natural content of stable magnesium isotopes in apples, the isotopic composition and their fixation, depending on different regions of the growth of raw materials. The isotopic composition of apples (26Mg/24Mg) varies from 0.1669047 to 0.1782649; the deviation of the magnesium isotopic composition from the conventional standard varies within 25.52-43.52; their chemical fractionation has value: in Central Zone of Russia-185.2-212.3; South of Russia-248.0-311.5; North Caucasus-182.7-214.8.

Dynamics of the parasitological state of drinking water sources of the population in the conditions of climate aridization

This paper analyzes the parasitological state of natural water bodies — rivers, lakes, springs, wells, as sources of drinking water supply, according to the content of round and flat helminthes. It is shown that climate aridization, which has been taking place in recent decades, causes, first of all, a decrease in the hygienic safety of surface water sources and an increase in the number of some helminth eggs in them, in particular, cestodes, which is associated with an increase in the average annual temperature under conditions of climate aridization. The water of surface water sources has an unfavorable parasitological composition in the presence of helminth eggs in the invasive and non-invasive stages of the life cycle. Reservoirs of the middle and southern latitudes are untidy from the point of view of the parasitological background in terms of the content of helminths. Contamination of water supply sources by eggs and larvae of parasitic worms in arid regions is confirmed by the morbidity of the local population. In the article, we noted various topical methods of preventing specific parasitic diseases — medical examinations of the population, parasitological studies of drinking water, parasitological control of raw materials and fish products, hygienic education and medical examination of the population for the purpose of early active detection of the infected. The presented up-to-date information on the results of sanitary and parasitological studies of environmental objects in different regions of Russia showed that the greatest contamination of round and flat helminths with eggs is characteristic of the southern regions. The example of the Saratov region shows the change of the fauna of endoparasites from humid to subarid and arid regions — nematodes are represented in the Right Bank of the region, and cestodes (Echinococcus) in the Left Bank. Cestodes are most characteristic of an arid climate.

What predetermines the therapeutic tactics of a physician in the treatment of dementia? Results of a survey of Russian physicians

In order to study the point of view of doctors supervising patients with dementia regarding the methods and tactics of treating diseases that occur with severe cognitive impairment, their experience in the use of drugs and criteria for choosing a drug for long-term treatment of dementia, an online survey of 197 specialists was conducted.The majority of Russian physicians surveyed prefer basic therapy for dementia, while the main criteria for choosing a drug for long-term therapy are effectiveness and safety of the drug. Despite the absence of drugs capable of complete curing of dementia, Russian doctors have certain expectations and goals when prescribing therapy, in particular, the hope for the longest possible preservation of the quality of life and capacity of patients, as well as slowing down the progression of the disease. 90% of respondents consider it necessary to continue (and even start) therapy even at a severe stage, despite the depletion of the effect. Memantine has become the main drug of choice in different regions of Russia as a drug with a wide range of registered indications, the fewest side effects and a low percentage of patient refusals.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the seasonality of respiratory syncytial viral infection

The article presents an overview of current trends in the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) infection, including its seasonality, under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, both according to world literature and taking into account monitoring epidemiological studies conducted in the Russian Federation. A detailed description of the dynamics of RSV detection in the period 2020-2021 and the beginning of 2022 in Russia according to the results of the all-Russian epidemiological monitoring is given. Epidemiological studies in different regions of the world, including Russia, have revealed the absence of seasonal rises in the incidence of RSV infection, characteristic of previous years, in 2020 and winter-spring in 2021 under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021-2022, a sharp increase in the incidence and hospitalization of children was noted against the back-drop of a decrease in cases of a new coronavirus infection in all countries of the world, while the start time and duration of respiratory syncytial virus infection, typical for the prepandemic period, changed. Our previous studies have shown that in different years and in different regions of Russia, the start and end times of the epidemiological season may also not coincide, which makes it difficult to predict seasonal peaks in incidence, their duration and severity only on the basis of previously obtained data. This makes it expedient to extend the terms of passive specific prophylaxis with palivizumab for a year if there are indications for its use, including taking into account the data of epidemiological monitoring conducted in the Russian Federation.

CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PREDICTORS OF SEVERE COVID-19 IN MEN AND WOMEN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

The large amount of papers on studying severe COVID-19 predictors have been published so far, but unfortunately the identified criteria are not universal for different regions of Russia and for the whole world. Therefore, a decision was made to apply routine research methods and compare the criteria previously proposed by other researchers with the criteria identified by us in patients living in Astrakhan Region. The study aimed at searching for and analyzing clinical and laboratory predictors to improve prediction of severe COVID-19 in men and women of different age groups. Materials and methods. Medical records of 361 patients were used as clinical material to conduct a retrospective study. Four groups with sex and age differencies were formed to verify the factors aggravating the course of COVID-19. Examination was performed according to Version 9 of the Temporary Guidelines for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of the Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19). Results. Clinical evidence on admission included unspecific complaints typical of other acute respiratory diseases – generalized weakness, temperature rise over 37.5° C, dyspnea, dry cough, and compressing pain. The spectrum of comorbid diseases includes hypertension, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Conclusions. Delayed hospitalization of patients from the day of disease onset due to nonspecific COVID-19 symptoms is one of the unfavorable clinical predictors. Comorbidities that aggravate the course of COVID-19 are consistent with the comorbid conditions identified by other researchers [1,2]. High levels of procalcitonin, D-dimer, brain natriuretic peptide, lactate dehydrogenase and blood creatinine were identified as the most significant predictors of severe COVID-19 on admission, which is also consistent with the findings of other authors. Laboratory parameters like alanine transaminase > 45 u/l and aspartate transaminase > 55 u/l can be used for male patients aged 55 and older, while an increased leukocyte count > 7.4 ×109/l and C-reactive protein > 82 g/l – for female patients aged 55 and older.

Regional specificity in the subjective evaluation of factors determining health in Russians

IntroductionImportant role of sociocultural mediation of human health is reflected in the regional specificity of subjective evaluation of factors determining human health.ObjectivesThe research is focused on the opinion of respondents from different regions of Russia about the importance of various factors that determine health and subjective well-being.Methods210 men and 403 women aged 14 to 76 years (M=26.9; SD=13.7) from six regions of the Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Udmurtia, Sakha, Sverdlovsk and Kemerovo) participated in the study. Respondents were asked to rank six factors (genetics, healthy lifestyle, good ecology, regular medical examination, absence of stress, financial well-being) in terms of their impact on health (1 is the most important, 6 is the least important).Results It was revealed significant differences among respondents from different regions of the Russia in evaluation of importance of health factors such as “genetics” (F=3.317; p=0.003) and “good ecology” (F=5.008; p<0.001). Respondents from the Sverdlovsk consider “genetics” significantly more important than participants from the Sakha (MD=-0.706; p=0.019) and Kemerovo (MD=-0.859; p=0.015). Respondents from St. Petersburg consider the ‘good ecology’ significantly less important than participants from Moscow (MD=0.791; p=0.046), Udmurtia (MD=0.867; p=0.035), Sakha (MD=1.168; p<0.001), and Kemerovo (MD=1.286; p<0.001).ConclusionsRegional specificity was found in the subjective evaluation of the importance of factors that determine health and subjective well-being. The reported study was funded by the RFBR, project number 17-29-02506.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Impact of Changing Wind Loads on the Reliability of Power Transmission Lines in Different Regions of Russia

Impact of Changing Wind Loads on the Reliability of Power Transmission Lines in Different Regions of Russia

Early identification, development and support of talent in sport: Attitudes of judo coaches

Introduction. The article explores the problem of identifying, developing and supporting children’s sports talent in judo classes. The purpose of this study is to reveal judo coaches’ attitudes to these issues and to compare them with existing scientific knowledge on talent identification and development. Materials and Methods. In order to solve the research problem, the authors reviewed Russian and international research investigations on sporting talent. The sample consisted of 131 judo coaches from different regions of Russia who were interviewed. The authors provide recommendations on comprehensive psychological and educational support for talented children engaged in judo. Results. The coaches identified three groups of indicators of talent in judo: physiological parameters (strength, agility, endurance, flexibility); anthropometric parameters (developed musculature, body composition, physical readiness for power exercises); psychological and behavioral factors (readiness for training and competitions, industriousness and perseverance, interest in judo, readiness to accept its philosophy and values). In order to assess these characteristics, the coaches use exercises on strength, agility, stamina, step tests, anthropometric tests (Parzizkova test). Two thirds of the coaches highlighted the need for an entry assessment before admitting children to judo classes. All respondents agree that it is necessary to start the development of talent in judo from preschool age. Play and sporting games are mentioned as the most appropriate measures of sporting talent development for pre-school children. Among the factors contributing to sporting talent development in judo, the coaches distinguish the following: grouping children according to their abilities and introducing enriched curriculum for talented young athletes (68.4 %); the use of play and games (100 %), taking into account the motivation and interest of a gifted child in a particular method (63 %). 76.9 % of the respondents emphasize the significance of psychological and educational support for talented children. The problems identified by the coaches include: illnesses caused by excessive physical exertion (76.9 %), difficulties in combining sports with school education (69.2 %), lack of time for age-appropriate rest and leisure activities (38.5 %), problems in building relationships with peers and parents (30.8 %). Conclusions. The study concludes that talent identification and development in judo include the emphasis not only on physical but also on moral qualities. Children talented in judo require psychological and educational support from their coaches, which is aimed at preventing psychological disorders, developing adequate self-esteem, helping to build relationships with peers and parents, and the ability to cope with emotional and physical stress. 57.1 % of the coaches agreed that they need further training in identifying, developing and supporting gifted children.

Priority risk factors for population health in large industrial cities

Introduction. In large cities an assessment of the impact of environmental risk factors in addition to the levels of air pollution on the morbidity of the population and the medical and demographic situation should take into account the influence of the socio-economic living conditions of the population, both availability and quality of medical care. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis, assess the informativeness of indicators of air quality, socio-economic living conditions of the population, the availability of medical care, and identify the priority of these factors in large industrial cities of different regions of Russia. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of indicators of the ecological situation, socio-economic conditions of living and the availability of medical care to the population in large industrial cities for the period 2008-2018 was carried out according to official statistics. Results. The criterion for choosing cities for the analysis was the population size. Large industrial cities of four Federal districts were selected as objects of research: Central (Central Federal District), Volga (Volga Federal District), Ural (Ural Federal District) and Siberian (Siberian Federal District). The main source of anthropogenic load in the Central Federal District in 50.0% of cities included in the analysis is motor transport, in 25.0% - stationary, in 25.0% the contributions of sources are comparable; in the Volga Federal District in 100.0% of cities - mobile sources; in the Ural Federal District, 50% of cities have stationary sources and 50% have mobile sources. In the Siberian Federal District, in 62.5% of the cities included in the analysis, stationary sources make the main contribution to the anthropogenic load. In cities with a population of 0.5-1 million people, the ratio of monetary income to the subsistence level and the number of doctors per 10,000 population is higher than in cities with population of 250-500 thousand. Limitations. Limited access to quantitative data and time periods. Conclusions. The indicator of anthropogenic load per inhabitant is an informative indicator of the direct impact of atmospheric air pollution on the health of the population in large cities. The ratio of the average per capita income to the subsistence minimum most objectively characterizes the level of material well-being of the population in regions with different levels of economic development. The number of doctors per 10,000 people is an indicator of the inequality of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of the level of medical provision and the availability of medical care.