Different Kinds Of Disabilities Research Articles

Convenience and Sensory Experience: Analysis of Using Website as a Medium to Read

With the development of technology, the advent of e-books, computers, smartphones, and other electronic devices expanded the range of choices of media for reading, it also changed the way people consume information. Website, as a reading platform, has its advantages and disadvantages in reading experiences. For example, with a device connected to the internet, people can easily gain information and access what they want to read. Unlike traditional reading media such as books and newspapers, the website enables a variety of multimedia content, such as videos, animation, and images, which can make reading more engaging and informative, which further allows readers to enhance their understanding of a topic. However, as with any digital media, website reading may cause eye fatigue. And the movable images and inconsistent set type may be a disturbance. The diversity and potentiality of web reading call for advanced studies to further optimize the readers experience and eliminate the inferior strength of web reading. Compared with traditional printed media, this paper explores how website increases readers experiences in the field of sensory elements, interaction, and accessibility. The research methodology employed for this thesis involved reviewing academic literature and case studies. The results of the research indicate that websites indeed increase reading experiences for both people with and without disabilities. The findings suggest that websites provide readers with an attractive, delightful, and interactive experience. And the personalized settings, such as font size change, color adjustment, and alternative text, further increase the experience for people with different kinds of disabilities.

Children’s Attitudes towards Inclusion of Visually Impaired Students in Physical Education Classes: Gender Differences

Study purpose. The study purpose was to investigate gender differences in children’s attitudes toward the inclusion of a student with visual impairment in physical education classes.
 Materials and methods. The study sample comprised 419 able-bodied primary school students in 6th to 9th grade (boys, n=204, mean age 13.23±1.17 years; girls, n=215, mean age 13.08±1.19 years). A modified version of the standardized attitudinal questionnaire CAIPE-R for the inclusion of visually impaired (VI) students was used as a research method. The internal reliability of CAIPE-R was measured using Cronbach’s α. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of sample distribution. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test was used to assess differences between boys and girls, and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test assessed differences between general and sport-specific attitudes.
 Results. Boys presented rather neutral or indifferent (mean scores 3.19, 3.44 points) attitudes, and girls had slightly positive (mean scores 3.59, 3.74 points) attitudes toward inclusive physical education (PE). Girls, compared to boys, expressed more positive general (U=16786, p=0.000) as well as sport-specific (U=16586, p=0.003) attitudes towards the inclusion of the VI student in PE classes. Both groups of children declared more positive general attitudes than sport-specific attitudes towards the inclusion of VI students (boys, Z=-4.230, p=0.000; girls, Z=-3.015, p=0.003).
 Conclusions. Girls expressed more positive general and sport-specific attitudes towards the inclusion of VI students in PE classes than boys. Boys’ attitudes were only neutral or indifferent, and girls’ attitudes were only moderately positive. Both genders declared more positive general attitudes towards the inclusion of VI students in PE classes compared to sport-specific attitudes. Taking into consideration the above, to find the most appropriate solutions as regards the inclusion of students with different kinds of disabilities in PE classes, it is necessary to learn more about the attitudes towards inclusion from students, teachers, and school management.

Access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Services and Other Preventive Measures against COVID-19 among People with Disabilities, Dodoma, Tanzania.

ABSTRACT.Access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) among people with disabilities is a great concern in developing countries. During COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, in addition to other preventive measures the government of Tanzania invested heavily on handwashing facilities in public places. However, the interventions were mostly for the general population. A big question was the appropriateness of the preventive measures to address different kinds of disabilities. The study was conducted to assess access to WASH and other preventive measures against COVID-19 among people with disabilities. This was a qualitative study where a total of 16 key informant interviews and nine focus group discussions were conducted. The study was carried out in seven districts of Dodoma region, Tanzania. Findings show that there were inadequate WASH and other COVID-19 preventive measures designed specifically for people with disabilities against the pandemic. Many people with disabilities experienced challenges in accessing adequate water for handwashing and using handwashing facilities installed for general population. Also they received inadequate health education and timely communication on COVID-19 preventive measures in addition to challenges in keeping distance and accessing and use of face masks and sanitizers. People with mobility, hearing, and vision impairments were mostly affected. There was no representation of people with disability at the national COVID-19 task force. Specific programs for people with disabilities to address access to WASH and other preventive measures against COVID-19 would address most of the identified challenges.

GENERAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BURN RELATED INJURIES

Burn related injuries represent a significant global health problem. These injuries can be cause of high mortality and morbidity throughout the world, as well as different kinds of disabilities. More than 180,000 people die from burn injuries every year. Injuries related to burns can seriously affect patients’ quality of life. These injuries can also lead to serious psychological disorders. Despite the fact that injuries associated with burns are more common in developing countries, especially among the population with low socioeconomic status, burn injuries are widespread in the developed and high-income countries as well. The types and causes of burn injuries are correlated with age, gender, established safety standards, education levels as well as traditional customs. The habits and typical traditions established among different populations, reflect on the causation and types of burns which are widespread in that country or region. The studies conducted in different countries indicate that children are mostly exposed to the risk of getting burn injuries throughout the world. Unintentional burn injuries are one of the leading causes for childhood deaths. Due to these injuries, more than 100,000 children are hospitalized every year in the world. Hot liquid scalds are most frequent causes of pediatric burn injuries. Burn injuries can be preventable, therefore more epidemiological researches need to be conducted about this issue in order to plan preventive measures.

Mass Media as a Tool for Social Inclusion of People with Disabilities: Thematically Universal and Specialized Editions (on the Example of Deaf-Press)

The study examined the role of national press in the process of social inclusion and integration of deaf community. We found that in the light of the problems of social inclusion, it is necessary to address the characteristics of certain groups of people with disabilities, in particular, specific needs of people with hearing impairments. Different life practices of people with hearing disabilities make it important to study this particular segment of population and various communication strategies that facilitate the process of their social integration. Russian academic community does not consider people with hearing disabilities as a separate cultural and sociolinguistic group but as a part of a bigger group of people with different kinds of disabilities. The present study described the differences between the concepts of “socialization”, “adaptation”, “integration" and "inclusion", and also highlighted the importance of studying the process of inclusion. Additionally, the authors described the features of the deaf community and approaches to study this particular segment of population. The article presents statistical, documented and theoretical sources to be used as the basis for empirical research. In order to get the most complete picture of the role of the press in matters of social inclusion, the authors considered both socio-political press and specialized press directly targeting deaf community. Identifying drawbacks of current media coverage the authors explored and showed different ways to improve it. A content analysis of socio-political and specialized publications was implemented, which made it possible to form a basis for the formation of recommendations for domestic media.

Prevalence and predictive factors of strain among caregivers of people with disability: results from R-Care community survey, Kerala, India

Purpose Caregivers of people with disability experience difficulties in a variety of care domains. Understanding the predictive factors of caregiver strain is important in developing and implementing evidence-based intervention to reduce the difficulties experienced by the carers. Methods The current study is a cross sectional comprehensive one-phase survey conducted in randomly selected sub-districts (taluks) of the Ernakulam district in Kerala. Primary caregivers (n = 851) for persons with different kinds of disability were identified with the help of ASHAs (Accredited Social Health Activities) from the selected geographical locations and were interviewed in a house-to-house survey after obtaining written informed consent. Validated tools measuring caregiver strain, financial burden, access to services and wellbeing were used to study the population. Results Majority of the caregivers were females (77.3%) and spouses (35.2%). Of the caregivers 27% reported high levels of caregiver strain. The major factors associated with caregiver strain were female gender (B = 1.379, p = 0.000), financial issues (B = 0.105, p = 0.000), the general health of caregivers (B = 0.467, p = 0.000) and issues relating to employment (B = 0.956, p = 0.000) and the availability of government welfare services (B = 1.138, p = 0.000). Conclusion High caregiver burden and strain is experienced by almost a third of people caring for a person with a disability. Comprehensive interventions to reduce caregiver strain should be developed. Implications for rehabilitation The rehabilitation sector needs to be made aware of the high levels of caregiver strain (especially in carers who were female, unemployed, have health issues and lack formal support). To improve wellbeing for people with disability we firstly need to promote social inclusion and support schemes for caregiver. Co-designed systems are needed to assist carers to access formal and informal support resources, and increase social connectedness.

Barriers in access to healthcare for women with disabilities: a systematic review in qualitative studies

BackgroundStudies show that different socio-economic and structural factors can limit access to healthcare for women with disabilities. The aim of the current study was to review barriers in access to healthcare services for women with disabilities (WWD) internationally.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of relevant qualitative articles in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases from January 2009 to December 2017. The search strategy was based on two main topics: (1) access to healthcare; and (2) disability. In this review, women (older than 18) with different kinds of disabilities (physical, sensory and intellectual disabilities) were included. Studies were excluded if they were not peer-reviewed, and had a focus on men with disabilities.ResultsTwenty four articles met the inclusion criteria for the final review. In each study, participants noted various barriers to accessing healthcare. Findings revealed that WWD faced different sociocultural (erroneous assumptions, negative attitudes, being ignored, being judged, violence, abuse, insult, impoliteness, and low health literacy), financial (poverty, unemployment, high transportation costs) and structural (lack of insurance coverage, inaccessible equipment and transportation facilities, lack of knowledge, lack of information, lack of transparency, and communicative problems) factors which impacted their access healthcare.ConclusionsHealthcare systems need to train the healthcare workforce to respect WWD, pay attention to their preferences and choices, provide non-discriminatory and respectful treatment, and address stigmatizing attitudinal towards WWD. In addition, families and communities need to participate in advocacy efforts to promote WWD’s access to health care.

How various types of disabilities impact children’s school attendance and completion - Lessons learned from censuses in eight developing countries

Equity in education is a central issue for researchers and policymakers, and inequality in access to education for students with disabilities is one of the most critical challenges. Existing studies treat school-age children with different kinds of disabilities as a homogeneous group due to sample size limitations, while this study sheds light on the interaction between education systems and heterogeneous disabilities using census data from eight developing countries in 2006-2012, overcoming the problem of small sample size. We find that there are consistent gaps in education indicators between students with and without disabilities and students with different kinds of disabilities.

Required professional competences of special education teachers at prep schools

The current study tries to explore the professional competences required for making special education teachers successful in dealing with different kinds of disabilities and able to be emerged with usual schools. Also, the study aims at finding good teachers of special education. The research sample included 25 teachers of special education. A 20 – clause questionnaire was designed to discover the required competences for teachers' success in special education. The results demonstrated differences with statistical significance in the professional competences of special education teachers. Results were collected according to teachers' views.

Quality of life of Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background & Aim: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders, and one of the essential health-related challenges in today’s world. In addition to different kind of disabilities, diabetes complications can severely impact the quality of life of patients. The present systematic review and meta-analysis are aimed at examining the quality of life of Iranian patients who have type 2 diabetes based on the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF. Methods & Materials: A total of 16 articles published in Persian and English were reviewed without any time limitation. The search was conducted in Iranian databases, including Scientific Information Database, Magiran, and IranMedex; and international databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, Pub Med, and Scopus. The data was examined using the meta-analysis method and the random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. The analyses were conducted in Stata, version 11. Results: The mean quality of life score for patients with type 2 diabetes was 61.90 (95% confidence interval: 54.40-69.40). The highest and lowest quality of life scores were for social support (49.19) and mental health (42.96) dimensions, respectively. No significant association was found between the mean quality of life score and year of publication, methodological quality, and mean age of participants (P>0.05). Conclusion: Given that patients with type 2 diabetes have a lower quality of life, especially in terms of mental health, it seems necessary to better understand psychological problems common in this group of patients and design strategies to overcome them.

History of Anosognosia.

Even if Babinski (1914) is usually considered as the discoverer of anosognosia, other authors before him contributed to the development of this construct. Von Monakow (1885) and Dejerine and Vialet (1893) gave the first descriptions of patients with cortical blindness who were unaware of their disability, but did not distinguish this unawareness from the rest of the clinical description. Anton (1999) described patients with cortical deafness and cortical blindness, considering these defects of awareness as a symptom independent from the neurological dysfunction. He conceptualized them as a phenomenon in its own right and tried to link this unawareness of a disability with specific neuro-anatomical changes. Finally, Babinski (1914) coined the term "anosognosia" to designate the clinical entity conceptualized by Anton (1899) and extended this concept from the unawareness of cortical deafness and blindness to the unawareness of hemiplegia. The choice of the term "anosognosia" to denote the observed phenomenon was important, because referring to "lack of knowledge of the disease" (anosognosia), he not only emphasized the separation between "lack of knowledge" and "disease, " but also suggested a general use of this term, because disease can refer to many other disabilities besides hemiplegia. Further investigations have shown that: (a) brain-damaged patients may be unaware of different kinds of disabilities; (b) anosognosia can be selective, in that an affected person with multiple impairments may be unaware of only one handicap, while appearing fully aware of any others; and (c) lack of acknowledgment of a disease may not necessarily be due to a defective awareness, but must sometimes be considered as an extreme but understable pattern of adaptation to stress. For this condition, the term "Denial of Illness" seems preferable to that of anosognosia. Anosognosia must perhaps be viewed as a multifaceted phenomenon, resulting from both cognitive and motivational factors.

Blindness in the Beckettland of Malfunctioning

Many of Beckett characters suffer from different kinds of disabilities and impairments, this being one of the ways of punishing them for “the eternal sin of having been born.” The article discusses blindness in Waiting for Godot, Endgame and All That Fall. In the first of these plays blindness afflicts Pozzo during the interval between the two acts, that is during a single night. Combined with the loss of his watch it is indicative of his entering the subjective realm of timelessness. The blindness of Hamm in Endgame and his inability to walk make him dependant on Clov who is unable to sit, which recalls Pozzo’s dependence on Lucky in the second act. Similarly, the blind Mr Rooney also must get help from other people to be able to move around. In the case of all three plays blindness must be perceived on a literal, as well as metaphorical level.

Creating capabilities for societal participation in times of welfare state change? Experiences of people with disabilities in Finland

Societal participation is central for disability policies throughout the world. In a Finnish setting, it is firmly anchored in the welfare state's commitment to create equal capabilities, but it is also dependent on other prerequisites, such as an inclusive labour market. However, these commitments have become both increasingly important through efforts of strengthening the rights of people with disabilities as well as increasingly challenged by crumbling growth and recurrent austerity measures in social policy. This article explores societal participation of people with disabilities in Finland in times of the recent ratification process of the UN CRPD and welfare cuts, and investigates the subjective experiences of societal participation in a changing welfare state context. The data consists of 13 individual qualitative interviews among working-age people with different kinds of disabilities. The findings highlight the importance of state commitment for creating equal capabilities for societal participation and for removing barriers standing in its way. They also suggest that this commitment is becoming both strengthened by the UN CRPD and weakened by the economic crisis and austerity measures and that this may have an undermining effect upon capabilities for persons with disabilities to participate in society.

Monitoring User-Based Accessibility Assessment in Urban Environments and in Public Buildings

The research features analysis of user-experience-based accessibility assessment and progress monitoring of buildings and public spaces; this analysis is used as a tool for facilitating the development of humane, socially sustainable and an inclusive urban environment. A group of users representing people with different kinds of disabilities, the elderly and families with children was created to assess the quality of access to various buildings with different functions and locations across Vilnius and in Singapore. A school, two hospitals, a rehab centre and two offices were selected for access monitoring in Vilnius City, while a hotel, a cafe and two metro stations with public squares were chosen for access assessment in Singapore. As the same method was principally applied to assess accessibility of selected buildings in Vilnius City in 2000 and 2017 and in Singapore in 2012, the article draws a comparative analysis of access levels in these two cities located in different global regions. The results show a definite improvement of access quality over time and also identify the critical aspects in this process. The segment of plot planning represents the lowest quality of access for all assessed building types as compared to the building segment and the external–internal element segments. The paper also draws conclusions that access improvement is a continuous process of implementing advanced urban policy instruments, and city planners can contribute to it by constantly analysing and presenting to public the monitoring data about the progress in access improvement. Comparing the assessment results between Vilnius City and Singapore – cities that are located in different global regions and in different socio-economic environments – provides a practical tool for benchmarking and setting the priorities for this process.

A Variability Study on Spatial Concentration of Different type of Disabilities in North Bengal and Murshidabad

Health is the prime indicator for social well being of a society. Since, health is related to the individual efficiency of doing perfect work; a geographer should focus his development studies in light of health aspects. People in different part of the world are suffering from different degenerative and contaminated health issues. All the issues can be considered and controlled in a wiser way. But, a physical disability and its proper management lie far away from the human clutches. It is not viable that a person would suffer from a certain disability. Better to locate the particular disability in spatial aspects and find out the relevant causes for such kind of disabilities. The study has focused on the spatial concentration of certain kind of disability and its relevant causes for prevalence. The study area is selected for the North Bengal's district apart from Murshidabad. The result shows that certain kinds of disabilities are concentrated in the particular part of the study area. In this regard the study seeks to find out few chief relevant causes for such kind of evil's suffering to someone. Measures of concentration, measures of correlation, significance test and cartographic thematic mapping techniques through ArcGis 10.1 software are used for the better analysis of primary and secondary data. Analysis of the data revealed that the spatial pattern of disability was largely regionalized because each type of disability clustered around some definite regions. The broad future and prospects of the study is to find out the relevant causes for such kind of impairment and disability and to mitigate the health issues by the medical experts with great care. Different kind of disabilities have been identified such as seeing, hearing, movement related, mental retardation, speech etc. A segment of population in North Bengal still is reeling under such kind of disability evil. The study has also carried out to enhance the awareness of the people about what ought to do or not to do the things, which might avoid from happening these different kind of disability and the need of government emergency to monitor health status of the people suffering from the disability.

Meeting the challenge of Easy-to-Read language - Translating the North Rhine-Westphalian Public Health Report 2015 into Easy-to-Read language

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities determines amongst others the right of access to information. Information for the general public must be made accessible for persons with disabilities in formats and technologies appropriate to different kinds of disabilities. The language poses the largest barrier for people with learning difficulties. Therefore, we translated parts of the Public Health Report 2015 of North Rhine-Westphalia into an Easy-to-Read language.The translation was performed by a professional translation agency in cooperation with an assessment group, composed by people with learning problems, and the NRW Centre for Health (LZG.NRW).During the translation the population health monitoring group of the LZG.NRW experienced several challenges. The scope of these challenges and the chosen solutions are described in detail in this paper. 3 challenges were experienced clearly during the translation of the Public Health Report: (1) (Large) numbers and rates are a key element in population health monitoring but they should be avoided in texts in Easy-to-Read language. (2) The translation of the age-standardization approach and the related effects appeared to be difficult. (3) Finding the right balance between the description of lifestyle influences and the influence of the wider health determinants as well as finding a non-discriminatory wording regarding the influence of social health determinants were challenging.The following approaches were chosen to counteract these challenges: (1) We avoided to report numbers and rates. In some cases simple fractions are presented. In addition, all of these fractions were explained and visualized in the introductory section of the translated report. (2) We resigned to describe time trends. In some cases time trends were mentioned as crude rates and an explanation of potential effects (e.g., demographic change) was added. If gender specific differences occurred in the crude and age-standardised rates, we described the age-standardised differences. (3) The relativization of direct and striking formulations regarding the influence of the social health determinants and the inclusion of recommendations related to the scope of upstream determinants needed to be recognized and incorporated. Translating a public health report into Easy-to-Read language is a challenging process. Continuous and smooth cooperation between translators, the assessment group and the authors of the original report is mandatory to be successful.

Families of adult people with disability: Their experience in the use of services run by social cooperatives in Italy

Social cooperation has historically played a pivotal role in developing socio‐educational services for people with disability, thereby contributing to counteracting the social isolation often associated with this condition. Using a mixed‐method methodology, this study maps the diversity of perspectives on how the use of disability‐related services run by social cooperatives impacts on and becomes meaningful to family life. One hundred twenty‐nine interviews with family members of adults with different kinds of disability were studied using emotional textual analysis. It provides a multi‐dimensional model to read and map the multiplicity of emotional meanings related to disability and the use of services, shedding light on key diversities in how family members emotionally make sense of care and support. The results reveal the importance of supporting family‐carers on two main issues: accessing a less passive representation of their relative with disability; and being able to test and acknowledge limits without succumbing to a sense of powerlessness.

Active Exoskeleton Hand Exerciser Using Multisensory Feed Back

Nowadays the leading cause of disability is stroke. The main reasons of cerebra vascular accident counted as Ischemia or Haemorrhage in the brain which ultimately results in stroke. It is widely agreed that natural recovery as well as functional recovery of the body takes place in the first month of the incident of the stroke victim. For a better improvement some organisation for neuroscience has need to be put in order. Neural pathways which are damaged earlier can be reformed with neurones present in activity and also can be engaged. The exoskeleton hand exerciser may be used for guidance or training device for patients following stroke to vigorously train their affected hand functions in normal condition. For different kind of disabilities there are different actuation and control techniques. Exoskeleton hand exerciser is a prosthetics device for paralyzed patients who have lost their control over hand. It is very useful thing by which they can easily do their works. Not only for the paralyzed people it is now very useful for military or forces. It can easily lift the heavy weighs of different weapons. This paper also explores the art of the exoskeleton exerciser for the palm.

ACTUAL CONDITIONS OF MANAGEMENT AND EVALUATION TO LEARNING ENVIRONMENT BY TEACHER BY QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY TO THE ELEMENTARY DEPARTMENT OF FORMER BLIND-DEAF-SPECIAL SCHOOL

Students who once attended schools for the blind, deaf, and other special needs are now centralized under special-needs schools. Some have severe disabilities or multiple conditions. For this paper, a questionnaire was administered to the elementary department of domestic blind-school, deaf-school, and special-schools during its transitional period to becoming a special-needs school. Its purpose was to discover issues and considerations encountered during this stage by previously segregated schools by having teachers describe actual conditions of management, spatial considerations, and learning environment. This report seeks to provide basic strategies for future school improvement under the statute to pursue diversification and address the severe disabilities of children. The following knowledge was provided. 1) Legislation covering various disabilities was passed at different times, so the dates at which the new schools were established vary considerably. Most of the consolidation reconstruction occurred between the 1890s and the 1950s at schools originally established for the blind and for the deaf. 2) The teachers who answered the questionnaire originally taught at special schools where different kinds of disability were intermingled. The school accepted children with multiple handicaps, including intellectual disabilities, physical/mobility disorders, other kinds of disability (e.g., auditory difficulties and visual disorders). The children transitioned to the consolidated special-needs school had previously attended blind-only and deaf-only schools, and did not have additional disabilities. At the new school, actually, there were children who had overlap with various disability types. 3) There were no big differences in class organization, with the students continuing to be grouped by type and severity of disability. The class organization was done flexibly, depending on the number of children registered at each school year and the scope of the disabilities. 4) All the relevant schools were classified with respect to the space constitution, and especially “relations with the open space of classroom circumference” and “relations of connection with classroom and courtyard.” Most were classified as having the conventional “corridor type” of school architecture. 5) Any kinds of school did the correspondence of the children who became the panic in classrooms and health room, empty rooms. Support in the classroom in school for deaf-school and special-school were used dividers. 6) All school types can be characterized in evaluations of learning environment as “object” and “reason.” However, “reason” is defined differently according to school classification (e.g., special needs vs. mainstream), with different goals. This difference is reflected in the results that indicate the characteristic support necessary for children. 7) The school classification found both common needs for the space usage and unique or differing needs for the space usage. In addition, according to the specific respondents, most of the suggestions for schools for the blind or deaf apply to the special-needs school. This paper addressed issues and considerations that arise during the transition period to a consolidated special-needs school, as reported by teachers describing actual conditions of management, spatial usage, and learning environment. In the next article presents additional information with respect to these schools and how the spaces are used, gathered through first-hand observation.

A Systematic Literature Review to Determine the Web Accessibility Issues in Saudi Arabian University and Government Websites for Disable People

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has shown great commitment and support in past 10 years towards the higher education and transformation of manual governmental services to online through web. As a result number of university and e-government websites increased but without following the proper accessibility guidelines. Due to this many disable peoples may not be fully benefited the contents available on university and government websites. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report, there are more than one billion people all over the world facing different kind of disabilities. Almost 720,000 Saudi nationals are disable which is about 4% of total Saudi population. The objective of this study is to review the existing literature to identify the web accessibility issues in Saudi Arabian university and government websites through a systematic literature review. Several scholarly databases were searched for the research studies published on web accessibility evaluation globally and in Saudi Arabia from 2009 to 2017. Only 15 (6 based on Saudi Arabia and 9 global) research articles out of 123 articles fulfilled the selection criteria. Literature review reveals that web accessibility is a global issue and many countries around the world including Saudi Arabia are facing web accessibility challenges. Moreover web accessibility guidelines WCAG 1.0 and WCAG 2.0 are not addressing many problems which are faced by user and some guidelines were not effective to avoid the user problems. However, findings in this study open a new dimension in web accessibility to do extensive research to determine the web accessibility criterions/standards in context of Saudi Arabia.