Different Groups Of Patients Research Articles

Evidences of the relationship between the indicators of the body mass index and caries according to the data of systematic reviews

The article represents results of systematic reviews processing regarding existence of potential relationships between body mass index indicators and caries among patients of different age groups, and outcomes of quality evaluation of evidences regarding this issue. Results of systematic reviews available for analysis allowed to summarize that the relationship between indicators of body mass index and indicators of caries prevalence or intensity is complex, non-linear by its nature and depending on the influence of many moderating factors that can provoke variations within the structure of interaction. Data extracted from systematic reviews indicate, that despite the potential existence of specific correlations between BMI and caries prevalence/intensity, unambiguous categorization of these in terms of significance and direction is currently limited based on the quality of available evidence. According to the data of systematic reviews, significant differences in caries intensity indicators in samples of children with high and average values of the body mass index can potentially be noted during early age period, as well as during the period of deciduous dentition. At the same time, in a number of scientific works, no associations were identified between different categories of body mass index and caries intensity and/or prevalence indicators, which would allow to statistically argument the influence of obesity as a risk factor for the development of caries pathology. Significant variations in the relationships between body mass index indicators and caries in patients of different age groups, noted in previous studies, may be caused by the influence of the following factors: use of different approaches for assessing the impact of obesity (indicators of caries prevalence differences, relative risk, mean differences); differences in the structure of the studied samples; differences in approaches used for research samples formation; use of different origins data (primary and secondary); implementation of research within different conditions; application of various clinical examination methods, diagnostic criteria and approaches for classification; implementation of various methods for statistical processing of the data.

THE EFFECT OF SEDATION STRATEGY ON THE FREQUENCY OF POSTOPERATIVE ARRHYTHMIAS AFTER CARDIAC SURGERIES WITH BYPASS

Introduction: Postoperative arrhythmias are a frequent problem after surgical interventions, both noncardiac and cardiac surgeries. A 20% higher frequency of rhythm disturbances occurs in patients after cardiac surgery. Postoperative arrhythmia has many variations. Such arrhythmias include atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular arrhythmias, and bradyarrhythmias. There are many conflicting facts about the effect of sedative drugs, which are most often used at the moment: propofol, dexmedetomidine, on reducing the frequency of postoperative arrhythmias. Purpose: To analyze whether there is a difference in the frequency of postoperative arrhythmia in patients in different groups sedated with propofol, dexmedetomidine and their combination. Materials and methods: This is a randomized controlled parallel study. The study included 356 patients over 18 years of age who underwent cardiac surgeries operative treatment. 194 patients were analyzed. Statistical data processing was carried out on the basis of GraphPad Prism 9.0 software. Results: Of the total number of patients in the propofol sedation group without prior rhythm disturbance, in whom arrhythmia was detected in the postoperative period, n=13 patients were registered. In the dexmedetomidine sedation group, postoperative arrhythmia was observed in 8 patients, which is also 50 % of the total number of patients in this group. Among 8 patients in whom postoperative arrhythmia was registered, 5 patients did not have rhythm problems before surgery. Of the total number of patients in the group of sedation with a combination of drugs without previous rhythm disturbance, postoperative arrhythmia was detected in 19 patients. When analyzing the frequency of postoperative arrhythmias, no difference in the frequency of postoperative arrhythmias has been detected in all three sedation strategies (p=0.1107). Conclusions: According to the data we obtained, no difference was found in the frequency of postoperative arrhythmias in patients after cardiac surgery in any of the sedation groups (p=0.1107).

An integrative multi-omics analysis based on disulfidptosis-related prognostic signature and distinct subtypes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

The association between clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and disulfidoptosis remains to be thoroughly investigated. We conducted multiple bioinformatics analyses, including prognostic analysis and cluster analysis, using R software. Additionally, we utilized Quantitative Real-time PCR to measure RNA levels of specific genes. The proliferation of ccRCC was assessed through CCK8 and colony formation assays, while the invasion and migration of ccRCC cells were evaluated using the transwell assay. In this study, utilizing data from multiple ccRCC cohorts, we identified molecules that contribute to disulfidoptosis. We conducted a comprehensive investigation into the prognostic and immunological roles of these molecules. Among the disulfidoptosis-related metabolism genes (DMGs), LRPPRC, OXSM, GYS1, and SLC7A11 exhibited significant correlations with ccRCC patient prognosis. Based on our signature, patients in different groups displayed varying levels of immune infiltration and different mutation profiles. Furthermore, we classified patients into two clusters and identified multiple functional pathways that play important roles in the occurrence and development of ccRCC. Given its critical role in disulfidoptosis, we conducted further analysis on SLC7A11. Our results demonstrated that ccRCC cells with high expression of SLC7A11 exhibited a malignant phenotype. These findings enhanced our understanding of the underlying function of DMGs in ccRCC.

P-667 The attenuated response to elevated serum progesterone levels on pregnancy outcomes of fresh IVF/ICSI cycles in older patients

Abstract Study question Whether there are different impacts of serum progesterone (P) levels on the day of trigger on pregnancy outcomes in patients of different age groups. Summary answer Our results suggest that the pregnancy outcome was less sensitive to progesterone elevation in older patients. What is known already It is now generally believed that the P elevation at the late follicular phase reduces the pregnancy rate by opening the implantation window prematurely and disrupt the embryo-endometrial synchrony. Previous studies further investigated the effect of developmental stages of embryo, number of oocytes retrieved, cause of infertility and different stimulation regimens on the association of P level and the likelihood of pregnancy. However, the study of maternal age on such association is scarce. A previous study found that LH receptor (LHCGR) and progesterone receptor (PGR) were up regulated in advanced age group. Study design, size, duration This was a non-interventional, retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing routine practice in a university-based fertility center between 2015 and 2021. One thousand five hundred and seventeen IVF/ICSI cycles among 1305 patients were included in the analysis. Participants/materials, setting, methods Fresh ET using autologous oocytes with serum P level measured on the day of hCG administration were included. Exclusion criteria include cycles without P measurement, using frozen oocytes, PGT cycles, freeze-all cycles, oocyte donation and no embryo transfer cycles. The patient age was divided into 3 groups: group 1 included patients at age 35 or below, group 2 included patients at age 36 to 39, group 3 included those at 40 years old or above. Main results and the role of chance We performed logistic regression analysis for each group to determine the contributing factors to the live birth outcome. In group 1, age, serum P level, number of usable embryos, embryo grading and endometrial thickness were found to be significantly associated with live birth. In group 2, age and number of usable embryos were significantly associated with live birth. However, total dose of gonadotropin was found to be the sole contributing factor to live birth in group 3. We also divided the P levels into low (≤0.50 ng/mL), median (0.51-1.00 ng/mL) and high (>1.00 ng/mL) and compared the live birth rate in each age groups. The live birth rate was found to be significantly reduced with increasing P levels (40.3% vs. 35.5% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.005). No significant difference in live birth rate between different P levels was found in age group 2 and 3. Limitations, reasons for caution The limitation of the study is its retrospective nature which may have led to bias in the interpretation of the data. There were also significantly higher proportion of cleavage-stage embryo to blastocyst transfer in the older group. Wider implications of the findings The negative association of premature progesterone rise at pre-ovulatory phase to the IVF fresh ET outcome was more prominent for younger patients. This may be one of the contributing factors that accounts for the great heterogeneity in the cut-off of P and its predicting power in different studies. Trial registration number Not applicable

Does robot-assisted surgery reduce leg length discrepancy in total hip replacement? Robot-assisted posterior approach versus direct anterior approach and manual posterior approach: a propensity score-matching study

BackgroundAdvocates of robot-assisted technique argue that robots could improve leg length restoration in total hip replacement. However, there were few studies to compare the robot-assisted posterior approach (RPA) with conventional posterior approach (PA) THA and direct anterior approach (DAA) THA in LLD. This study aimed to determine whether robot-assisted techniques could significantly reduce LLD compared to manual DAA and manual PA.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the cohort of consecutive ONFH patients who underwent THA robot-assisted posterior, manual posterior, and manual DAA from January 2018 to December 2020 in one institution. One experienced surgeon performed all procedures. We calculated the propensity score to match similar patients in different groups by multivariate logistic regression analysis for each patient. We included confounders consisting of age at the time of surgery, sex, body mass index (BMI), and preoperative LLD. Postoperative LLD and Harris hip scores (HHS) at two years after surgery of different cohorts were compared.ResultWe analyzed 267 ONFH patients treated with RPA, DAA, or PA (73 RPA patients, 99 DAA patients, and 95 PA patients). After propensity score matching, we generated cohorts of 40 patients in DAA and RPA groups. And we found no significant difference in postoperative LLD between RPA and DAA cohorts (4.10 ± 3.50 mm vs 4.60 ± 4.14 mm, p = 0.577) in this study. The HHS at 2 years postoperatively were 87.04 ± 7.06 vs 85.33 ± 8.34 p = 0.202. After propensity score matching, we generated cohorts of 58 patients in manual PA and RPA groups. And there were significant differences in postoperative LLD between the RPA and PA cohorts. (3.98 ± 3.27 mm vs 5.38 ± 3.68 mm, p = 0.031). The HHS at 2 years postoperatively were 89.38 ± 6.81 vs 85.33 ± 8.81 p = 0.019. After propensity score matching, we generated cohorts of 75 patients in manual DAA and PA groups. And there were significant differences in postoperative LLD between the DAA and PA cohorts. (4.03 ± 3.93 mm vs 5.39 ± 3.83 mm, p = 0.031) The HHS at 2 years postoperatively were 89.71 ± 6.18 vs 86.91 ± 7.20 p = 0.012.ConclusionThis study found no significant difference in postoperative LLD between RPA and DAA, but we found a significant difference between RPA and manual PA, DAA and manual PA in ONFH patients. We found a significant advantage in leg length restoration in primary total hip arthroplasty with robot-assisted surgery.

Use of Serum Copper and Chromium as Biochemical Markers in the Diagnoses of Cancer in female subjects

Aim: To find and compare Copper and Chromium serum levels in female cancer patients of different age groups in Peshawar city. Study design: Comparative analytical study. Place and duration: The study was conducted from 13/ 9/21 to 12/3/22 in Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) Peshawar. Methods: Patients include 116 female cancer patients divided into three classes age wise designated as A1, A2 andA3. Serum Cu and Cr were quantitatively analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer using acetylene flame (Model Perkin Elmer AAS 700). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 22 Results: A1 includes patients below 18 years 28(24.13%), A2 consists of patients in the age range of 18~45 years 32(27.58%) and A3 includes patient above 45 years 56(48.28%). The mean age of A1, A2 and A3 was 11.69, 35.44 and 61.26 years respectively. The mean BMI of A1, A2 and A3 were 19.5, 27.21 and 31.02 respectively. Mean level of Cu in A1, A2 and A3 was 0.20, 0.44 and 0.19mg/L respectively. Mean level of Cr level was 2.78, 1.13 and 2.97 mg/L in A1, A2 and A3 respectively. A very significant correlation was observed between serum Cr and Cu and in A1 (p = 0.02) and A3 (p = 0.04) respectively. Conclusion: We found that mean level of Cu was less than the normal level. Mean of Cr level was found to be greater than the normal serum level of Cr in all the groups. Key words: Copper, Chromium, serum, cancer, Malignant

Application of DIXON MRI sequencing in the diagnosis of changes in the spongy substance of vertebral bodies in comparison with osteodensitometry data

The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of changes in the fat fraction of the vertebral bodies according to the modified DIXON protocol (mDixon, MRI) in patients of different age groups with densitometry data.Materials and methods. In the course of our study, a Siemens Magnetom Verio 3T tomograph was used for diagnostics, for assessing the condition of the vertebrae of the lumbosacral spine, measuring FF, a computer program was used: “RadiAnt DICOM viewer”. DIXON (two-point) parameters of TSE pulse train with T2 type of weighting: TR 4000 ms, TE 88 ms, slice thickness 4 mm, matrix 320 × 320, NEX 1, FOV 260 × 260 mm, pixel size 0.8 × 0.8 mm, bandwidth 345 Hz/pixel. Scanning time: 3 min. 50 sec. We also used a GE Lunar Prodigy densitometer. Measurement parameters: mode – standard (13–25 cm), length 19.1 cm, width 18.0 cm. Method: mDixon.Results. 71 patients were examined (average age is 57 years; average BMI (body mass index): 27.94). Osteopenia was diagnosed in 21 patients, osteoporosis – in 13. Bone mineral density (BMD) was obtained using X-ray densitometry, which served as a reference for detecting abnormal bone density and osteoporosis. A comparison was made of BMD values in patients with normal and patients with osteoporosis / osteopenia: the values in patients with normal were 21.85% higher than in patients with osteoporosis / osteopenia. We also compared the parameters of vertebral fat density (FF) in patients with normal and pathology – the values in patients with normal were 15.65% less than in patients with pathology. Correlation analysis revealed a relationship between BMD and FF parameters. According to the results of the morphometry of the vertebral bodies, wedge-shaped deformity of the vertebral bodies was revealed in 8% of patients with osteoporosis / osteopenia.Conclusions. The MRI method based on the DIXON trace is of great importance in the diagnosis of changes in the spongy substance of the vertebral bodies. In the study of correlation analysis, an inverse relationship was found between the BMD and FF parameters.

Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Histological Characteristics of Melanoma Patients According to the Age Groups: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Although the role of melanoma risk factors is well documented, their correlation with patients' age is less frequently analyzed. The analysis was performed among 189 melanoma patients in different age groups, including <30 years, 31-60 years, and >60 years, to investigate the risk factors, topography, and coexistence of morphological features of 209 melanomas (dermoscopic and histopathological). Among the youngest age group, no correlation with the presence of estimated risk factors was found. The most common dermoscopic pattern was spitzoid and multicomponent asymmetric. The group of middle-aged patients was the most diverse in terms of the occurrence of risk factors, solar lentiginosis, dermoscopic patterns, topography, histological subtypes, and invasiveness of melanomas. The oldest group characterized a strong correlation between solar lentiginosis, NMSC comorbidity, the prevalence of facial melanomas, the dermoscopic pattern of melanoma arising on chronic sun-damaged skin, and regression. The findings regarding the presence of age-specific features in melanoma patients, especially in the youngest and middle-aged groups, might be helpful for clinicians and to target secondary prevention efforts.

Measurement of oesophageal hiatus surface area by multiplanar reconstruction of MDCT: relationship with lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and acid reflux

To evaluate the relationship between oesophageal hiatus surface area (OHSA) and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Patients who underwent 24-h pH monitoring, oesophageal high-resolution manometry, and upper abdominal contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) during 2014-2021 were enrolled. Patients with a hiatus hernia (HH) on MDCT or who had a history of gastro-oesophageal surgery were excluded. Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) of the MDCT image was used for the measurement of OHSA. Correlations of OHSA with acid exposure time (AET) and lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) pressure of all patients were analysed. Seventy-eight patients were included in the study. OHSA was much less in the AET <4% group than in the AET >6% group (1.61±0.42 versus 2.09±0.55 cm2, p<0.001). Correlation analysis reveals that OHSA correlated positively with AET (correlation coefficient=0.47, p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis reveals that OHSA can significantly distinguish patients in different groups divided by AET (area under the ROC curve [AUC]=0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63-0.90). OHSA was not related to LOS pressure (correlation coefficient=-0.268, p=0.051). There was no difference in OHSA between the low LOS pressure group and the normal LOS pressure group (1.84±0.61 versus 1.74±0.50 cm2, p=0.52). OHSA significantly correlated with AET but has no relationship with LOS pressure. It may be an independent risk factor of GERD.

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Younger Patients: A Comparable Analysis of Patients Older and Younger Than 65 Years.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has become a popular option for the surgical management of rotator cuff arthropathy and complex fractures of the proximal humerus. However, there is a paucity of studies evaluating outcomes, especially between patients of different age groups. The purpose of this study was to compare functional outcomes and survivorship between patients older than 65 years (o65) and those 65 years and younger (y65). A retrospective review was conducted at a single academic medical center identifying a consecutive cohort of patients undergoing rTSA between 2018 and 2020. The minimum follow-up time was 2 years. Patients were stratified into two groups for comparative analyses (y65 and o65). Patient demographics, perioperative and postoperative data, and functional outcomes were collected. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to determine survivorship, defined as revision surgery or implant failure. Forty-eight patients were included for final analysis. Nineteen patients comprised the y65 group while 29 patients comprised the o65 group. No difference was observed in Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores at baseline nor at the latest follow-up between the two groups. Patients in the y65 group had significantly greater internal and external rotation (IR/ER) from 3 months to 2 years compared with patients in the o65 group (P ≤ 0.05). Finally, there were no differences in revision surgery rates between the y65 group and the o65 group (11% vs. 14%, P = 1.0). A KM survival analysis revealed no difference in implant failure, necessitating revision surgery between the two groups at the latest follow-up (P = 0.69). Despite a notable difference in the number of baseline comorbidities, there were no notable differences in functional outcomes, survivorship, and revision surgery rates between each cohort. Although both groups had a similar function initially, by 3 months postoperatively, the y65 group had markedly greater range of motion in IR and ER. Longer term survivorship is needed; however, rTSA may offer a reliable option for shoulder reconstruction even in the y65 patient group.

Abstract 9: Association Between HMOX1 (GT)n Promoter Microsatellite and Prostate Cancer Prognosis

Abstract Purpose: Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation encoded by HMOX1 gene, has a strong anti-tumoral effect in prostate cancer (PCa). HMOX1 expression levels are modulated by the length of a dinucleotide (GT)n microsatellite polymorphism mapping in its promoter region. PCa is the second most frequent cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide. One of the strongest predictors for newly diagnosed PCa is the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, a histopathology-based classification system, which presents diverse limitations due to tumoral heterogeneity. Consequently, the identification of novel biomarkers is important to optimize PCa prognosis. In this study we genotyped the HMOX1 (GT)n promoter polymorphism and analyze its association with PCa clinico-pathological parameters. Methods: We collected 108 peripheral blood samples from PCa patients from Hospital de Clínicas “Jose de San Martín”, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Genomic DNA was isolated and the (GT)n was genotyped by fluorescent PCR and capillary electrophoresis. Randomly selected samples were cloned and sequenced by Sanger to determine the length of the microsatellite and validate the results. We considered a statistically significant difference between groups if p≤0.05. Results: The length of the (GT)n ranged from 11 to 40 repeats. HMOX1 alleles were dichotomized as “Long (l)” (≥30 repeats) or “Short (s)” (&amp;lt;30 repeats) based on the median length; and genotypes were categorized as homozygous “HMOX1ss, homozygous “HMOX1ll”, or heterozygous “HMOX1sl”. We found an association between the “HMOX1ss” genotype and higher serum prostate specific antigen (sPSA) levels among patients with &amp;lt;10 ng/mL sPSA (p&amp;lt;0.01). Furthermore, the proportion of “HMOX1ss” patients increased with the ISUP grade, whereas “HMOX1ll” or “HMOX1sl” genotypes were more frequent in lower ISUP grades (ptrend&amp;lt;0.05). Finally, “HMOX1ss” patients had 4-fold higher risk of biochemical relapse (HR=4.03, p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: “HMOX1ss” patients present more aggressive phenotypes compared with the other genotypes. HMOX1 polymorphism has the potential to classify patients in different groups to predict the severity of PCa tumors, thus evidencing potential to support clinicians on the decision making and improving clinical management of PCa at an early stage through a non-invasive sample. Citation Format: Gaston Pascual, Agustina Sabater, Rocio Seniuk, Ines Achinelli, Pamela Freiria, Carlos Scorticati, Osvaldo Mazza, Ayelen Toro, Elba Vazquez, Geraldine Gueron, Javier Cotignola. Association Between HMOX1 (GT)n Promoter Microsatellite and Prostate Cancer Prognosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 9.

SOFT TISSUE COMPLICATIONS IN THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AFTER OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF CALCANEU

Introduction. The complex anatomy and biomechanics of the calcaneal bone is an important component in stability of a lower extremity. According to the literature, calcaneus fractures occur in 2% of all skeletal bone fractures. The vast majority of such fractures (almost 75%) are intra-articular injuries resulting from high-energy trauma. The absolute majority of studies show the indisputable advantage of surgical tactics for the treatment of intra-articular fractures of the calcaneal bone in a remote period. Conservative treatment of displaced fractures, in turn, is considered as an alternative in cases where there are absolute contraindications to surgical treatment. An analysis of reliable sources demonstrates better long-term functional results in patients treated by applying minimally invasive techniques. To date, the question of the relationship between the choice of surgical treatment method and early postoperative complications from soft tissues remains not fully resolved. The purpose of this work is to analyze soft tissue complications in the early postoperative period after calcaneus osteosynthesis and to determine the relationship between the frequency of such complications and various methods of surgical treatment. Materials and methods. The treatment outcomes of 42 patients with displaced calcaneal fractures (47 fractures) were analyzed. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the surgical techniques used in the treatment: open direct reduction through an extended L-shaped approach followed by fixation with a plate, minimally invasive open reduction through access to the subtalar sinus followed by the fixation with a calcaneal mini-plate, closed reduction with transcutaneous cancellous screw fixation. Results. The main soft-tissue complications in the early postoperative period after calcaneus osteosynthesis among patients of different groups were recorded, and the relationship between the frequency of such complications and various methods of surgical treatment was established. Conclusion. The use of minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment for displaced calcaneus fracture prevents a number of early postoperative complications in soft tissues, promotes wound healing and prevents the development of secondary infectious complications.

Effect of age on U.S. gynecologic patients’ use of social media for women’s health information

ObjectiveTo compare use, timing, and perceived benefit of social media for women’s health information between different aged gynecologic patients. MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional survey of patients presenting to a U.S. academic gynecology clinic over three months in spring 2021. We compared social media use for women’s health information among patients of different age groups. ResultsMost respondents use social media to learn about women’s health (57.0 %), believe women’s health information should be available on social media (92.4 %), and find it helpful in making health decisions (58.5 %), without significant differences by age group. With each increasing decade of age, patients increasingly reported actively searching for women’s health information rather than passively finding it on a feed (p = 0.024 for overall comparison) and using social media for health information specifically around doctor’s visits (p = 0.023 for overall comparison), and less commonly reported trusting social media influencers (p = 0.030 for overall comparison). ConclusionReproductive and non-reproductive aged patients all highly utilize social media for women’s health information, however there are differences in usage patterns by age. Practice ImplicationsUnderstanding social media use patterns can facilitate direction to and creation of accessible, medically-accurate and patient-friendly content.

A novel circadian cycle-related gene signature for prognosis prediction of patients with breast cancer.

The extensive and intricate relationships between circadian rhythm and cancer have been reported in numerous studies. However, in breast cancer (BC), the potential role of circadian clock-related genes (CCRGs) in prognosis prediction has not been fully clarified. The transcriptome data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. A CCRGs-based risk signature was established by differential expression analysis, univariate, Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analyses. we conducted a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) between groups. A nomogram integrating independent clinical factors and risk score was generated and evaluated by calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). Differentially expression analysis revealed 80 differentially expressed CCRGs, and 27 of them were significantly associated with the overall survival (OS) of BC. BC can be classified into 4 molecular subtypes with significant differences in prognosis based on the 27 CCRGs. Three prognostic CCRGs, including desmocollin 1 (DSC1), LEF1, and protocadherin 9 (PCDH9), were identified to be independent risk factors of BC prognosis and were used to construct a risk score model. BC patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups, and there were significant differences in prognosis between the 2 groups both in the training and validation cohorts. It was found that patients in different groups of race, status, or T stage had significant levels of risk score. Furthermore, patients of different risk levels exhibit varying degrees of sensitivity to vinorelbine, lapatinib, metformin, and vinblastine. GSEA showed that in the high-risk group, immune response-related activities were dramatically repressed whereas cilium-related processes were significantly stimulated. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that age, N stage, radiotherapy and the risk score were independent prognostic risk factors of BC, and a nomogram was established based on these variables. The nomogram exerted a favorable concordance index (0.798) as well as calibration performance, which strongly supports the clinical application of the nomogram. Our study indicated the disruption of the expression of CCRGs in BC and built a favorable prognostic risk model based on 3 independent prognostic CCRGs. These genes may be applied as candidate molecular targets for the diagnosis and therapy of BC.

Impact of Thymic Response in COVID-19 Pneumonia on Disease Severity and Mortality-As Assessed on CT-Chest

Objective: To determine the effect of thymic response to COVID-19 pneumonia on imaging and its impact on disease severity and outcome.&#x0D; Study Design: Cross-sectional study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Radiology and Imaging (AFIRI), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar to Jul 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: A total of 1620 COVID-19 patients above the age of 18, of either gender, were included in the study. Their findings on High-Resolution CT (HRCT) chest were recorded and graded according to the CT severity score (CTSS) out of a total of 40; less than or equal to 19 was taken as mild while &gt;20 scores were considered as severe disease. The thymic response was assessed by imaging appearance on CT and was graded from 0-3 as follows: fatty, predominantly fatty, mixed density (fat and soft density), and soft density. Fatty replacement implied thymic involution, while soft density depicted a reactivation of thymic tissue after a disease process depictive adequate thymic response.&#x0D; Results: A significant difference in thymic response was observed in patients of different age groups (p&lt;0.001), with the younger age group demonstrating thymic reactivation/ response in the majority (170/244, 69.7%). CT severity score and mortality were significantly higher in older patients demonstrating poor thymic response to COVID pneumonia.&#x0D; Conclusion: Response of the thymus to acute viral infection by Sars COVID-19 is impaired as age progresses; this accounts for greater disease severity, morbidity and mortality in older patients.

Clinical Study of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-Related Thrombosis and Its Influence on the Blood Flow Status of the Inserted Veins in Cancer Patients

To investigate the clinical features of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related thrombosis (PICCRT) within 2 weeks after PICC placement in cancer patients and its dynamic influence on the blood flow status of veins inserted with catheter, and to provide support for implementing thrombosis prevention and control measures. Between May 2019 and July 2020, patients who had solid tumors and who had PICC were prospectively enrolled at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Scheduled color Doppler imaging was performed to examine the status of PICCRT formation at 8 points of time, with the first one conducted one day before the insertion of PICC and the other 7 completed within 2 weeks after the insertion of PICC. Then, based on whether patients had PICCRT, the patients were divided into two groups, a non-PICCRT group and a PICCRT group. The PICCRT group was further divided into two subgroups, an asymptomatic PICCRT group and a symptomatic PICCRT group, according to whether the patients had thrombosis-related symptoms and signs. Comparisons were made to study the incidence of PICCRT and the vascular diameter and the blood flow velocity in the veins inserted with catheters at different points of time in the patients of different groups. Among 173 cancer patients in the cohort, 126 (72.8%) developed PICCRT, all of which occurred within 1 week after PICC insertion. There were 95 cases of asymptomatic PICCRT and 31 cases of symptomatic PICCRT. Before and after PICC insertion, the vascular diameter of both the asymptomatic and symptomatic PICCRT groups was significantly smaller than that of the non-PICCRT group and the blood flow velocity was significantly slower than that of the non-PICCRT group, with the difference continuing to increase with the prolongation of catheter indwelling time. Inserting catheters in veins with bigger vascular diameter and faster blood flow velocity may help reduce the incidence of PICCRT. The first week post catheter insertion is the key intervention period for the prevention of PICCRT.

Features of post-traumatic stress disorder, resilience and attitude to the disease in patients of different groups (on the example of oncological and cardiovascular diseases)

There is a steady increase in oncological diseases all over the world. Malignant tumors are one of the most frequent causes of death in the population of developed countries. The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the features of post-traumatic stress disorder, resilience and attitude to the disease in patients with oncological and cardiovascular diseases. The study sample consisted of 80 people aged 40 to 73 years. The average age is 58 years. The sample included 40 patients with cancer and 40 patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. The study involved able-bodied men and women who are fluent in Russian, without cognitive disorders. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Patients with cancer are more likely to relive what happened when reminded of a traumatic event, the orientation of the personality is characterized by avoiding everything that reminds of a traumatic experience, post-traumatic stress disorder is expressed. The feeling of self-safety is more typical for patients with cardiovascular diseases than for cancer patients. The latter are more characterized by oppressive uncertainty. If we talk about the types of response to the disease, then among cancer patients there is more often post-sleep anxiety, they think about complications; there is excessive concentration on subjective painful and other unpleasant sensations; behavior like "irritable weakness"; dejection, therefore disbelief in the possibility of recovery and improvement of the condition, as well as in general on the effectiveness of treatment, pessimistic a look at everything around; vulnerability. Exposing experiences and sufferings to relatives and others prevails in cancer patients in comparison with patients of the cardiovascular group.

The effect of age and gender on tooth loss in different jaw areas and fixed prosthetic dental treatments

Aim: Rehabilitation of tooth losses with fixed prosthesis applications is still a highly preferred option today. Teeth are the most important components for chewing function, proper phonation, and aesthetics. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between tooth loss and fixed prosthetic restorations in patients of different age groups and genders. Methodology: In this study, a total of 300 patients were studied to examine the relationship between tooth deficiencies and the number of fixed restorations applied with gender and age. These patients were divided into two gender groups, male and female, and six age groups, with n = 25 in each group. Fixed prosthetic restorations in the missing teeth and mouths of the patients were recorded on dental panoramic radiographs. Statistical analysis was conducted with the one-way ANOVA test. Results: Tooth loss and the number of prosthetic applications increased statistically with age, but no statistical difference was found with gender. The Independent samples t-test analysis of variances was used in this study (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Tooth loss increases in patients with age due to many factors. This problem should be prevented by popularizing preventive dental practices. Female patients with poor dental hygiene and tooth loss associated with hormonal changes in specific age ranges have increased. How to cite this article: Keçeci M, Demirel MG. The effect of age and gender on tooth loss in different jaw areas and fixed prosthetic dental treatments. Int Dent Res 2023;13(1):7-12. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no1.2 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

METHOD OF FACIAL SKIN REJUVENATION USING ELECTROSTIMULATION

Objectives: Purpose of the study evaluation of the cosmetic effect using patches by the company “Aganyan” for facial rejuvenation. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in 106 participants with presence of perioral wrinkles of the skin. Participants applied four patches (2 copper and 2 zinc) on the face in the area of wrinkles crosswise according to the instructions. The patches were applied for eight hours every third day for three months. Perioral wrinkles were assessed by comparing photographs at the beginning and at the end of the study for each individual case. The efficacy was assessed according to the International Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS). Visual confirmation of clinical improvement was also obtained by Life Viz 3D camera pictures. Results: After analyzing the photographs taken before and after using the patch and a personal conversation with each participant, the following data were obtained from participants: • a decrease in puffiness and dark circles under the eyes was noted: 6 out of 15 men, 34 out of 91 women; • smoothing of small mimic wrinkles was noted: 24 women out of 106 people; • lifting of the face oval was noted: 14 women out of 106 people. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the GAIS procedure on M03 and M05, 2/3 of patients had significant mprovement as assessed by physician and participants according to GAIS. Most of the patients also showed significant improvement at visit M12. After analyzing the photographs taken before and after the experiment, and a personal conversation with each patient of the cosmetology profile, the following results were obtained: in 38% of patients, puffiness and dark circles under the eyes decreased, in 23% of participants fine facial wrinkles were smoothed, in 12% of participants the oval of the face was tightened. Our results suggest that patches by the company “Aganyan” can serve as a novel therapy for controlled skin rejuvenation, effective wrinkles and folds. Conclusion: The results of the studies provide a basis for concluding that the method of skin. The patches by the company “Aganyan” have proven its effectiveness through electrical stimulation with low intensity current in patients in different age groups, the study revealed a large number of positive cosmetic effects.

Changes in the microbiota of the upper airways and intestine in the treatment of acute respiratory infections in preschool children

Introduction. The microbiota of the upper airways and intestine in preschool children is directly involved in protecting the growing body from acute respiratory infections (ARI), which are the most common infections in children, about 65% of them turn into recurrent respiratory infections (RRI). Aim. To establish changes in the microbiota of the upper airways and intestine in the treatment of ARI in preschool children.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study involved sixty 1–6 year (Me = 3.38 years) frequently ill children. They were divided into 3 groups depending on the chosen treatment lasting 90 days. Children of group 1 (n = 20) underwent nutrition correction. Children of group 2 (n = 20) received additional probiotics. Children of group 3 (n = 20) received both nutritional correction and probiotics at the prescribed doses. Before and after treatment, the composition of the microbiota of the oropharyngeal zone and intestine was determined by genetic sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, followed by bioinformatic analysis. &#x0D; Results. Significant differences were found mainly in the relative content of Firmicutes in the microbiota of patients treated. The content of Firmicutes in the microbiota of children receiving probiotics against the background of nutrition correction (30%) was significantly higher than in patients with nutrition correction (26.91%) and in children receiving only probiotics (25.95%). In patients of different groups, after treatment, a decrease in the content of Proteobacteria in the microbiota of the oropharyngeal zone was revealed. A significant decrease in the relative content of Bacteroidota (by more than 3 times) in 95% of patients, and a decrease in Proteobacteria (by more than 4.5 times) in 100% of patients was also found in the intestinal microbiota of group 3 patients treated with probiotics. In addition, there was a significant increase in the Firmicutes microbiota from 21.97% to 30.07% in 85% of patients, and an increase in the content of Actinobacteriota from 1.9% to 5.7% in 95% of patients. The relative content of undifferentiated microbiota after therapy was also significantly higher (70.08%) than before treatment (58.40%) in 85% of patients.