Different Forms Of Movement Research Articles

<i>Travelling towards an Identity</i> as skeppende beginsel in die nuwe Breytenbach-tekste

Travelling towards an Identity as creative principle in new texts of Breyten BreytenbachIn three recent (unpublished) public lectures, Breyten Breytenbach uses travel as a metaphor to emphasise the importance of intellectual flexibility. By doing so he explicitly defines identity as well as the creative processes of writing and painting in terms of movement. In the context of his work, movement immediately evokes transformation, and this article explores the way in which Breytenbach's thesis - as expounded in these lectures - unfolds in two (as yet unpublished) poems which paradoxically deal with frozen, winter landscapes. The way in which different forms of movement operate as creative principles in these poems - and by extension in all his thinking - also clarifies what is meant by Breytenbach's metaphoric "Middle World" ("taalstaat"), which has repeatedly been misunderstood in the popular press.

Mass peristalsis in the human colon after contact with oxyphenisatin.

Colonic motility studies using time-lapse cinefluorography and intraluminal pressure recording before and after the introduction per rectum of a mixture of barium sulphate and oxyphenisatin solution show the different forms of movement of the colonic contents. Oxyphenisatin was found to be a selective actuator of a form of progressive mass propulsion indistinguishable from spontaneous mass peristalsis. Less than 0.5 mg distributed through the pelvic and distal descending colon was enough to produce a peristaltic response; larger quantities tended to increase the number of resulting movements.A standard dose of 4 mg of the drug was followed by mass peristalsis in 82% of the subjects in whom it came into adequate contact with colonic mucosa. The response usually took place within 20 minutes. The more sensitive the subject, the greater was the number of peristaltic responses and the shorter the interval before the response began. In 73% of the subjects who responded, the mass peristalsis came to a halt between 40 and 25 cm from the anal margin, and many of those in whom it extended farther appeared to have shortened distal colons. The likelihood of the drug giving rise to peristalsis diminished abruptly distal to about 45 cm from the anus; its effectiveness was greatest in the proximal descending colon.

Ut Pictor Poeta: Meaning in Titian's Poesie

European literature is an 'intelligible unit,' .. . it has an autonomous structure, which is essentially different from that of the visual arts. Simply because, all else aside, literature is the medium of ideas, art not. But literature also has different forms of movement, of growth, of continuity, from art. It possesses a freedom which is denied to art. For literature, all the past is present, or can become so. -Ernst Robert Curtius 1

Memoirs: Engelmann on Contractility and Double Refraction

ABSTRACT After referring to Boeck’s original discovery of the phenomenon of double refraction in muscles, and to Brücke’s classical memoir, Engelmann states that in spite of proofs being brought forward of the association of other forms of contractile phenomena with the presence of double refraction, e. g. in the muscles of certain infusoria, the results were almost all negative. In consequence, the opinion prevailed that the presence of anisotropous elements in muscle was a curious rather than an important phenomenon. This point of view was modified when it was shown by Engelmann himself (Pflüger’s ‘Archiv,’ Bd. 7) that contraction is exclusively connected with the double-refracting layers in striped muscle. The supposition then arose that, as a general law, contraction might be dependent on the presence of double-refracting particles, especially as the boundaries between different forms of movement in protoplasm and in muscle formerly assumed to be so sharply defined had broken down.