Different Forms Of Movement Research Articles

Designing for playful mobilities

ABSTRACT In this paper we consider how playful mobilities mediate and augment the power to transform the everyday and support a playful engagement with the city through design. Like other forms of mobility, playful mobilities is embodied; it involves multiple interactions with bodies, and different forms of movement within and through space. Drawing from playful mobilities, this paper explores how play can inform design decisions to compel action and affect, and offers insight into the nexus between playful mobilities and speculative design interventions. It draws on mobile autoethnography diaries focusing on e-scootering, cycling, and playing Pokémon Go to highlight how play orientates our bodies with our environment and others. Along with the site and precedent analysis, the autoethnography diary entries become the base for a series of speculative designs situated in Wellington, New Zealand. The design speculations couple playful mobilities and the materialities of designed interventions, making tangible the intersection between designing for mobile situations and potential atmosphere to enrich space and experience that take place along journeys.

Serpentine liquid electrode based Dual-mode skin Sensors: Monitoring biomechanical movements by resistive or triboelectric mode

Flexible and stretchable electrodes are crucial components for wearable electronic devices. Herein, a serpentine liquid electrode based dual-mode skin sensors (SLEDSS) that leverages a highly deformable and serpentine liquid electrode is developed. The functional carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes / Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (MWCNT-COOH / PEDOT: PSS) network structure endows the SLEDSS with a stable linear change in resistance. Additionally, a solid–liquid double electric layer generated between the solid surface and liquid electrode facilitates a higher triboelectric output performance. As a result, the SLEDSS features dual-modal sensing capabilities, including both resistive and triboelectric modes. The flowability of the liquid electrode enables it to fully adapt to different types of deformation, thereby allowing SLEDSS to effectively collect energy in different forms of movement, such as tapping, stretching, bending, twisting, and unpredictable transformations based on practical applications. SLEDSS can maintain its performance even at up to 550.32% strain, displaying a monotonically increasing relationship between the stretchable length and open-circuit voltage. Finally, the SLEDSS is applied as a wearable power source and self-powered sensor for monitoring biomechanical movements, the excellent stretchable performance and ultra-high sensitivity to mechanical stimulation provided by the SLEDSS offer new prospects for self-powered sensors.

Evaluation and application of treadmill Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and field measurement results of female national team water polo players

Abstract Introduction Due to intensive sport adaptation, examinations of elite athletes are a special entity of cardiology. Cardiovascular follow-up of elite athletes is a significant method of supporting safe and successful sport. In many sports like water polo, training work takes place in different environments and with different forms of movement, then the tests applied in laboratory circumstances. Although treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is widely used in cardiology screening, we have little information of its usefulness in physical fitness follow-up in non-running sports. Purpose We aimed to analyze and to compare the data of elite youth team (YT) and adult water polo players collected from maximal intensity cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and field examinations in definition of current fitness status of the different age groups. Methods During the age- and sport specific field measurements (swimming tests) and CPET examinations, we collected resting and exercise heart rate data and lactate levels at defined time points. During CPET, continuous 12-lead ECG, gas analysis and repeated blood pressure measurements were also carried out. Results 46 female water polo players were examined (age: 18.5±5.9y, adults: 19, training: 18.0±7.9h/w). Comparing CPET and field measurements, no differences were found between resting heart rate (75.7±13.4vs73.1±13.0 BPM, p=0.22) and resting lactate levels (1.5±0.4vs1.6±0.6 mM, p=0.29). Achieved maximal heart rates were higher during CPET examinations, than during field tests (196.3±9.7 vs 191.0±12.5 BPM, p=0.001) On the contrary, maximal lactate levels were lower during CPET in comparison to field measurements (8.4±2.4 vs 9.6±2.7 mM, p=0.01). Lactate levels stayed high after routine cool-down swimming ordered by the trainers, but decreased after suggested further training (6.6±2.7 vs 3.7±1.6 mM, p=10-16). When comparing the age groups, CPET examinations showed similar relative maximal aerobic capacity (44.4±4.8vs44.9±5.5 ml/kg/min, p=0.72) and peak lactate values (8.2±2.7vs8.7±1.9 mM, p=0.48), while maximal heart rates were higher in YT groups (200.7±7.2 vs 190.1±9.6 BPM, p<0.001) as compared to adults. Similarly, maximal lactate levels showed no differences (9.1±2.6 vs 10.4±2,7 mM, p=0.13), while maximal heart rates were higher in YT groups (197.7±10.0 vs 181.4±8.9 BPM, p<0.001) as compared to adults during field examinations. Conclusions Although field measurements and laboratory CPET results differ from several points of view, differences between age groups and the kinetics of the data are similar. Maximal heart rates are easier to achieve during CPET, while more intensive lactate increase could be observed during field measurements. Combining the above examinations helps defining maximal physiological values, fitness status, differences between different age groups, and optimizing training plans, as well as differentiating between physiological and pathological sport adaptation.

‘Losing complexes’: navigating technology, moral careers and mobility among disabled people in Kinshasa

AbstractIn moral careers of personhood and subjectivity of people who are mobility impaired, technologies such as mobility aids can become intertwined with teleologies of personal progress. This article examines how technologies shaped and expressed personal growth and social identity among those who took part in transnational trade between Kinshasa and Brazzaville. Engaging with a particular socio-technical environment facilitates both personal movement and cross-border mobility, and therefore becomes central to the ways in which individuals present themselves as ‘losing complexes’ – that is, their perceived frustrations about their disability. Exchanging a stick for a crutch or a hand-cranked tricycle for a wheelchair facilitates different forms of movement and expresses how one seeks to navigate between embarrassment, pride and respectability. Mobility aids thus serve as an index of different moments in moral careers of progress and decline, while their complementarity or incompatibility with public infrastructure is instrumental in creating and disaggregating social assemblages of disabled people. Through the rise and collapse of border trade between Kinshasa and Brazzaville, I discuss how crutches, cargo tricycles, wheelchairs and ferries shaped socialities and subjectivities over the long term. Considering the role of technology problematizes analyses of moral careers of personhood as attributed by others, drawing attention to personal agency and entanglement with a socio-technical environment.

Moving Bodies, Navigating Conflict: Practicing Bharata Natyam in Colombo, Sri Lanka

Moving Bodies, Navigating Conflict: Practicing Bharata Natyam in Colombo, Sri Lanka

Desert travels in the Atacama: making place through movement (c. 2500‐1500 cal BP)

AbstractSocial worlds are constituted by movement. Mobility entails the circulation not only of people, but also of material goods, imaginaries, experiences, flows of information, and knowledge. In this article, we examine different forms of movement in the Atacama Desert during the Formative Period (c. 2500‐1500 cal BP), such as pedestrian travels, llama caravans, and navigation on sea lion‐skin vessels along the Pacific, incorporating various material means and encompassing a wide array of incentives. We present different case studies that challenge monolithic assumptions about mobility in the South‐Central Andes, commonly understood through the lens of ecological complementarity and primarily driven by economic exchange. Extending Binford's classic distinction between residential and logistical mobility as two ideal types of hunter‐gatherers’ settlement systems to include groups of early farmers, in combination with the territorial categories of local and extra‐local, we interrogate the spatial and temporal scale of these journeys – from daily to seasonal, from short to long distance – and its materialization. In these examples, we approach movement and travel as a way of life, expanding the traditional view of mobility through an exploration of the varied ways in which it was practised and integrated into the social lives of desert dwellers.

La expresión corporal y el desarrollo motor de niños de 3 años

Body expression is a way of communication typical of each human being, it is accompanied by gestures, facial expressions, postures which represent feelings, emotions, thoughts and ideas. All these manifestations are permanently reflected and are associated with gross motor development, in which harmony and movement control dominates, achieving adequate motor synchronization and coordination. From this perspective, the study aimed to describe the relationship of body expression in gross motor development of 3-year-old children. Being a qualitative approach research, the information was collected through the application of an observation guide with skills related to body expression and gross motor skills, aimed at 32 3-year-old children. Obtaining as a result the following, that a good percentage of children is beginning their development in the management of basic articulatory movements, and imitation of movements in songs, following rhythms, as well as the identification of emotions and feelings of the people around them; and with regard to gross motor skills such as performing dynamic and static balance exercises with different forms of movement, walking, running and maintaining postural control that involves segmented movements of your body, head, trunk and extremities, as well , in a similar percentage of children are in the beginning of their development. Which leads us to establish that body expression is closely related to the development of gross motor skills and that these help children from an early age to achieve better communication and expression.

Deconstructing borders: Mobility strategies of South Sudanese refugees in northern Uganda

AbstractTaking the current presence of South Sudanese refugees in northern Uganda as a case‐study, this paper explores how different forms of mobility enable them to better cope with the harsh conditions caused by their displacement. Based on extensive field research, the results of this article show how for South Sudanese refugees, crossing borders can be empowering, although these complex strategies do not fit within the mutually exclusive ‘durable solutions’ proposed by the international refugee regime. Looking through a transnational lens, it is illustrated how different forms of movement enable the refugees to hold on to certain aspects of ‘normal life’, such as being employed, enacting customs and visiting loved ones, blurring the distinction between voluntary and forced migration. This results in a deepening of transnational networks as the generally large South Sudanese families find their members dispersed across Ugandan and South Sudanese town centres, villages, refugee settlements and third countries in Africa and elsewhere.

THE INFLUENCE OF COORDINATIVE ABILITIES ON MOVEMENT DURING TENNIS MATCHES

This paper aims to highlight the importance of coordinative abilities in the training plan of 10-12 year old tennis players, and whether through the methods and means chosen for this experiment an optimisation of tennis specific movements is observed. The ability to combine different forms of movement allows the player to better and faster adapt to the different surfaces they have to play on. In most cases, tennis movement is the combined result of and is constantly conditioned by the court area, technical processes and the player’s experience. The results of this study show that the development of coordinative abilities positively influences the player’s ability to combine the different types of movements specific to tennis matches.

Integrated Assembly and Flexible Movement of Microparts Using Multifunctional Bubble Microrobots.

Industrial robots have been widely used for manufacturing and assembly in factories. However, at the microscale, most assembly technologies can only pattern the micromodules together loosely and can hardly combine the micromodules to directly form an entity that cannot be easily dispersed. In this study, surface bubbles are made to function as microrobots on a chip. These microrobots can move, fix, lift, and drop microparts and integratively assemble them into a tightly connected entity. As an example, the assembly of a pair of microparts with dovetails is considered. A jacklike bubble robot is used to lift and drop a micropart with a tail, whereas a mobile microrobot is used to push the other micropart with the corresponding socket to the proper position so that the tail can be inserted into the socket. The assembled microparts with the tail-socket joint can move as an entity without separation. Similarly, different types of parts are integratively assembled to form various structures such as gears, snake-shaped chains, and vehicles, which are then driven by bubble microrobots to perform different forms of movement. This assembly technology is simple and efficient and is expected to play an important role in micro-operation, modular assembly, and tissue engineering.

On the Categories of Possibility, Limiting Conditions and the Qualitative Development Stages of Matter in the Thought of Friedrich Engels

The contradictory character of matter is the starting point of Friedrich Engels’s dialectical principles. Matter can move itself, thus producing ever new possibilities of development and gradually leading to the formation of quali­tatively higher forms of movement of matter. In this dialectical conception of development, the explanation of qualitative change is fundamental. Starting from the understanding that the inner contradic­tion is the source of development and its potential, the transition to a new quality is verifiable. Prob­abilistic laws are the expression of the unity of necessity and chance in the real possibility. Limiting conditions, like specific structures, informational coupling and whole-part relationships and selection processes, restrict the field of possibilities opened by physical laws. This restriction of possibilities on the lower level opens up new possibilities of development on the higher level, where the transition to a new quality is realised. Materialist and dialectical thinking is the important basis of a theory of biology that is neither physicalist nor vitalist, of a theory of computer science that is neither physicalist nor dualist. Mechanistic thinking – reductionism, the denial of the specific qualities of the different forms of movement of matter – leads to philosophies that reduce the human being to an animal or computer and is both dangerous and inhuman. Computer science needs to engage with the history and application of materialistic and dialectical thinking. It needs to grasp the dialectical unity of similarity and difference between automa­ton and human in the concrete process of digitalisation and automation. It must overcome the widespread, increasing interest in reducing the human being to an automaton, in order to maintain the unique quality of the human being. It must protect and enhance the special qualities and abilities of human beings. The danger of anti-dialectical thinking, of modern forms of reductionism and the possibility, indeed necessity, of creating a better society, free from profit, greed and war is discussed in this paper in the context of Engels’s 200th birthday.

How screw connections influence the primary stability of acetabular cups under consideration of different bone models

IntroductionGood osteointegration of implants requires sufficient primary stability. Aim of this study was to examine the influence of screw fixation on the primary stability of press-fit cups. MethodsTwo press-fit acetabular cups were tested with regard to the influence and number of screws and their primary stability. ResultsFor the relatively thin-walled Allofit®-S cup, an influence of the number of screws on the different forms of movement could be demonstrated. ConclusionsWe see a clear influence of the cup wall thickness on the elastic deformability and accordingly on the primary stability of the examined cups.

Effects of Land Cover Changes to the Quantity of Water Supply and Hydrologic Cycle using Water Balance Models

The hydrologic cycle is a recurring consequence of different forms of movement of water and changes of its physical state on a given area of the earth. The land cover of a certain area is a significant factor affecting the watershed hydrology. This also affects the quantity of water supply within the watershed. This study assessed the impacts of the changing land cover of the Ipo watershed, a part of the Angat-Ipo-La Mesa water system which is the main source of Metro Manila’s water supply. The environmental impacts were assessed using the interaction of vegetation cover changes and the output flow rates in Ipo watershed. Using hydrologic modelling system, the hydrological balance using rainfall, vegetation and terrain data of the watershed was simulated. Over the years, there has been a decreasing land cover within the watershed caused mostly by deforestation and other human activities. This significant change in the land cover resulted to extreme increase in water discharge at all streams and rivers in the watershed and the water balance of the area were affected as saturation and shape of the land terrain changes.

Reasons for Implementing Movement in Kinetic Architecture

The paper gives insights into different forms of movement in contemporary architecture and examines them based on the reasons for their implementation. The main objective of the paper is to determine: the degree to which the complexity of kinematic architecture results from functional and spatial needs and what other motivations there are. The method adopted to investigate these questions involves theoretical studies and comparative analyses of architectural objects with different forms of movement imbedded in their structure. Using both methods allowed delving into reasons that lie behind the implementation of movement in contemporary kinetic architecture. As research shows, there is a constantly growing range of applications with kinematic solutions inserted in buildings’ structures. The reasons for their implementation are manifold and encompass pursuits of functional qualities, environmental performance, spatial effects, social interactions and new aesthetics. In those early projects based on simple mechanisms, the main motives were focused on functional values and in later experiments – on improving buildings’ environmental performance. Additionally, in recent proposals, a significant quest could be detected toward kinematic solutions that are focused on factors related to alternative aesthetics and innovative spatial effects. Research reveals that the more complicated form of movement, the more often the reason for its implementation goes beyond the traditionally understood “function”. However, research also shows that the effects resulting from investigations on spatial qualities of architecture and new aesthetics often appear to provide creative insights into new functionalities in architecture.

Speeding Towards the Future through the Past: Landscape, Movement and National Identity

Recent theorising has emphasised the importance of movement in people’s engagement with and understanding of landscape. We suggest that there is a need here to problematise movement further. Rather than taking movement and the engagement with landscape that it offers for granted, we need to pay attention to the different forms of engagement with landscape that different forms of movement afford. This suggests, in turn, the importance of looking at how different forms of movement are made possible, demanded or denied. In looking at driving in Iceland we seek to draw attention to how different ways of moving are facilitated or hindered. We point out how the experience of driving is embedded in a larger and always complex political history so that the moving engagement with landscape is mediated by a larger story of the ‘nation’ and its relationship with the land.

The Church and Mobility: Dealing with the Exclusion of Eastern European Migrants in Rural Scotland

The paper explores theoretical and practical issues related to mobility and integration of Eastern European migrants in rural Scotland. Regionalized structure of socio-political organizations and dominant ‘sedentary’ thinking (Cresswell, 2001) often lead to exclusion of Eastern European migrants in the British countryside. The church and other key rural institutions often do not take into account complex mobility practices of migrants including affective relationships with existing immigrant communities, family support strategies, unpredictable travelling behaviour and cross-border social links. To address this gap, the paper, first, considers opportunities within the church to attend to affective dimension of movement in order to facilitate migrants’ inclusion in the rural communities. Second, the paper argues for development of pro-mobility thinking within the church and other rural institutions which appreciates different forms of movement and empowers marginalized itinerant groups. It concludes with theoretically informed observations about the new ways of conceptualizing ‘mobility’ and ‘integration’ of Eastern European migrants in the British rural communities.

Recent Patents in Magnetic Transmission and Applications

Magnetic transmission is a special kind of transmission. It is mainly used in the special occasions of non-contact power and movement transmission utilizing the characteristics of the non-contact of magnetic force interaction. It can be divided into three types according to different forms of movement: rectilineal motion transmission, rotational motion transmission and complex motion transmission. This paper reviews various recent patents in all types of magnetic transmission and various applications. The patents reviewed concern a period extending from the year 2000 up to date. The applications concern mainly integrated all types of motion transmission covering the area connected with the production of pump, stirrer and other industrial mechanism using modernization that has reached by material replacing, geometry, and embedding additional units into main design. The list of patents reviewed is by no means complete or extensive it shows however the extent of the subjects covered in patents in this area during the last five years. The paper concludes with a description of the future developments expected in the subjects covered.

‘YOU CAN'T BE TWO PLACES AT ONCE’: RETHINKING TRANSNATIONALISM THROUGH JAMAICAN RETURN MIGRATION

This article examines transnational social fields among returned migrants in Jamaica. Comparing the experience of return to Jamaica by individuals who migrated to England and the United States, I explore how migration dynamics shaped the possibilities and predicaments of life upon return. Despite sharing an identity as ‘returning residents,’ I argue that post-World War II Jamaican migrants in England who returned to Jamaica in the 1990s reestablish themselves in Jamaica by expressing a commitment to the community, such as through involvement with formal returning resident associations, whereas United States returnees continue to travel between Jamaica and the United States. These two very distinct forms of fashioning a return highlight the importance of understanding the dynamic relationship between transnational social fields and return migration and demonstrate the salience of categories such as ‘return’ and ‘traveling’ for understanding the meaning and motivation behind different forms of movement.

What Is Migration?

We outline a general scheme for migration that applies across taxa, incorporates the several varieties of migration, and includes all levels of biological organization, from genes to populations. The scheme links the environment, pathways, traits, and genes, and highlights the selective forces that shape and maintain migratory adaptation. We endorse an individual-based behavioral definition of migration that allows an objective distinction between migration and other forms of movement. We recognize migration as an adaptation to resources that fluctuate spatiotemporally either seasonally or less predictably, and note that it is often preemptive. Migration plays a central role in the spatial dynamics of mobile populations, and is largely distinct in both form and function from the within-population mixing arising from postnatal dispersal and from the interpatch movements characteristic of metapopulations. We call for more interaction between biologists studying different taxa and different forms of movement, and between behaviorists and population ecologists.

<i>Travelling towards an Identity</i> as skeppende beginsel in die nuwe Breytenbach-tekste

Travelling towards an Identity as creative principle in new texts of Breyten BreytenbachIn three recent (unpublished) public lectures, Breyten Breytenbach uses travel as a metaphor to emphasise the importance of intellectual flexibility. By doing so he explicitly defines identity as well as the creative processes of writing and painting in terms of movement. In the context of his work, movement immediately evokes transformation, and this article explores the way in which Breytenbach's thesis - as expounded in these lectures - unfolds in two (as yet unpublished) poems which paradoxically deal with frozen, winter landscapes. The way in which different forms of movement operate as creative principles in these poems - and by extension in all his thinking - also clarifies what is meant by Breytenbach's metaphoric "Middle World" ("taalstaat"), which has repeatedly been misunderstood in the popular press.