Different Forms Of Application Research Articles

Navigating the Gendered Math Path

Using dialogues with our informants, as well as with each other, we explore how the men and women in our research make it through their mathematics coursework and, in turn, pursue their intended majors. Our research focuses on how students navigate what we call the gendered math path and how that path conforms to and diverges from traditional gender norms. Common themes of women's lower than men's self-perception of their ability to do mathematics, along with the divergent processes of doing gender that emerged in men's and women's discussions of their application of mathematics, reminded us of the continued struggles that women have to succeed in male-dominated academic disciplines. Although self-perception helps us understand why there are fewer women in STEM fields, it is important to understand how different forms of application of ideas might add to the diversity of what it means to do good science.

Applicability of the free field Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT).

Summary Introduction: The attention is an underlying neuropsychology function to all the cognitive processes. The auditory deficiency compromises the normal development of the child, modifying diverse auditory abilities, including the attention. Objective: to compare the performance of children in the Test of the Ability of Auditory Attention Support, as for the different forms of application (auricular phones and free field), sort and, application order. Method: 40 children (7 years old) voluntary with typical development had participated, divided in two groups: G1 and G2, composites of 20 children each. The application of the THAAS in the G1 if gave first with auricular phones and after that in free field and the G2 the process was inverse. The evaluation consisted in: specific questionnaire, auditory tests and application of the THAAS. Results: It did not have significant difference how much to the sort. For the THAAS with phones, the G1 presented greater amount of errors of carelessness and total punctuation. For the THAAS in field it had a significant difference of the G2 for the monitoring decrease. How much to the application form, the G1 demonstrated a bigger number of errors when it was used phones. The G2 did not demonstrate difference. Conclusion: It had viability in the application of the THAAS in Free Field, being able to be adopted the same used normative values for the conventional way of evaluation.

Efeito de Extrato Aquoso de Azadirachta indica e de Trichilia pallida sobre Lagartas de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em Milho.

Insecticides plants have been studied as an alternative to control of Spodoptera frugiperda, important pest on maize. This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (EAI) and Trichilia pallida (ETP) on S. frugiperda in fed corn leaves (hybrid ZB 710) on different forms of application. It was used pieces of leaves of 16 cm2, immersed by 4 seconds or sprayed at concentration of 5%, and thus transferred to glass tubes being exchanged every 24 hours. The biological variables assessed were daily mortality, larval weight, measurements of head capsule and lengths on the 5o day of evaluation. The design was wholly randomized, composed of seven treatments (control, leaves immersed in (EAI), caterpillars sprayed with (EAI), leaves immersed and caterpillars sprayed with (EAI), leaves immersed in ETP, caterpillars sprayed with ETP, caterpillars sprayed and leaves immersed in ETP), with 40 repetitions per treatment. The data were submitted to the Log-rank test, Wilcoxon and Tarone-Ware for comparison of survival curves, using the tecnique multivaried (Cluster) and the connection method by neighboring more distant and Euclidean distance and also the Spearman's correlation and Bonferroni’s method for the variables analysed on the five day. Results based on survival analysis and multivariate statistics, we found out that the mortality of larvae and the values of larval weight and length, and of head capsule width were significantly affected when subjected to treatment with submerged leaves and caterpillars sprayed with extract from A. indica and with leaves immersed in this extract.

A pilot study for the integration of cytometry reports in digital cytology telemedicine applications

Up to date, tele-pathology in the three different forms of application, "dynamic", "static" and "virtual microscopy" has been mainly based on tele-hystology remote consulting. Today the diffusion of specialized WAN connections is guiding the research of new applications of tele-pathology. A specific analysis has been conducted, focused on digital cytology, in the biomedical laboratory of Sant'Andrea Hospital to investigate the technologies potentially useful to integrate in the LAN/WAN for telemedicine applications. Among the possible tools useful to be integrated in the LAN/WAN for telemedicine applications, the cytometry equipment available in the technical unity of cytometry has been considered important. The study finally provides a proposal for a tele-consulting architecture for the integration of cytometry reports both in the hospital LAN and the WAN for possible cooperative diagnosis and second opinion support.

Topical therapy in veterinary dermatology: Part 2

The first part of this mini-series described the different forms of application of topical therapy available to the veterinary practitioner. This second part will discuss the different ingredients and their uses for different dermatological conditions. CUTANEOUS INFECTIONS A large number of antibacterial substances are available as sole therapy for mild cases of superficial pyoderma (Figs. 1 and 2) or as adjunctive treatment in more severe cases and cases of deep pyoderma. Creams can be useful for spot treatment of small areas, e.g. in fold pyoderma (Fig. 3) or chin acne, while, for more widespread problems, shampoos, conditioners and sprays are more useful. As many allergic patients suffer from secondary bacterial or yeast infections, which act as flare factors, microbial control is often a vital part of the management in these individuals.

Schmerzmittel im Mittelalter

The knowledge of analgesic remedies, sleeping drugs, and narcotics is well attested by numerous prescriptions in the medical literature since the early Middle Ages. The variety of analgesic remedies and the preferred use of particular plants (such as mandrake, henbane, and poppy) is just as remarkable as the many different forms of application: drug-soaked sponges, compresses and plasters, oils, ointments, smoke and smelling salts, drinks and waters, pills and troches, powders, electuaries, and confections. Various examples from different sources illustrate clearly that medieval physicians not only knew about analgesic remedies but really put their knowledge into practice.

Analysis of the different forms of application and types of cutting fluid used in plunge cylindrical grinding using conventional and superabrasive CBN grinding wheels

The work reported here involved an investigation into the grinding process, one of the last finishing processes carried out on a production line. Although several input parameters are involved in this process, attention today focuses strongly on the form and amount of cutting fluid employed, since these substances may be seriously pernicious to human health and to the environment, and involve high purchasing and maintenance costs when utilized and stored incorrectly. The type and amount of cutting fluid used directly affect some of the main output variables of the grinding process which are analyzed here, such as tangential cutting force, specific grinding energy, acoustic emission, diametrical wear, roughness, residual stress and scanning electron microscopy. To analyze the influence of these variables, an optimised fluid application methodology was developed (involving rounded 5, 4 and 3 mm diameter nozzles and high fluid application pressures) to reduce the amount of fluid used in the grinding process and improve its performance in comparison with the conventional fluid application method (of diffuser nozzles and lower fluid application pressure). To this end, two types of cutting fluid (a 5% synthetic emulsion and neat oil) and two abrasive tools (an aluminium oxide and a superabrasive CBN grinding wheel) were used. The results revealed that, in every situation, the optimised application of cutting fluid significantly improved the efficiency of the process, particularly the combined use of neat oil and CBN grinding wheel.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Smoking

The relationship between smoking behavior and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex. While Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with smoking and smoking has detrimental effects on the clinical course of the disease, ulcerative colitis (UC) is largely a disease of nonsmokers and former smokers. Furthermore, cigarette smoking may even result in a beneficial influence on the course of ulcerative colitis. The potential mechanisms involved in this dual relationship include changes in humoral and cellular immunity, cytokine and eicosanoid levels, gut motility, permeability, and blood flow, colonic mucus, and oxygen free radicals. Nicotine is assumed to be the active moiety. The differential therapeutic consequences comprise the cessation of smoking in CD and, so far, clinical trials using nicotine in different forms of application for UC. In this article, we review the relationship between cigarette smoking and IBD, considering epidemiological, pathogenetic, and clinical aspects.

The effect on cartilage of different forms of application of postmenopausal estrogen therapy: comparison of oral and transdermal therapy

The effect on urine C-telopeptides of type II collagen (uCTX-II) of oral and transdermal estradiol treatment was compared using samples from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. A total of 171 healthy, Danish postmenopausal women, 45–65 years of age completed the 2-year study periods. The uCTX-II marker assessed cartilage degradation, and this response was compared with the effect on urine C-telopeptides of type I collagen (uCTX-I), considered a specific marker of bone resorption. Doses in the oral estradiol treatment groups (continuous combined therapy) were 1 mg 17-β-estradiol + 1 mg drosperinone or 1 mg 17-β-estradiol + 2 mg drosperinone or 1 mg 17-β-estradiol + 3 mg drosperinone or placebo. Doses in the transdermal estradiol treatment groups (continuous combined therapy) were 45 μg 17-β-estradiol + 30 levonorgestrel or 45 μg 17-β-estradiol + 40 μg levonorgestrel or placebo. The effect of oral and transdermal estradiol therapy on cartilage degradation was reflected as a decrease of 19–30% in uCTX-II ( P = 0.02 and P = 0.003 vs. placebo) after 1 year of treatment. uCTX-I decreased 70% ( P < 0.0001 vs. placebo) reflecting a pronounced effect on bone resorption that was consistent with a 2-year increase in spine and hip BMD of 7–8% and 4–6%, respectively. The results indicate that different regimens of postmenopausal HRT both have an effect on cartilage and bone thus protecting against osteoporosis and osteoarthritis (OA). However, long-term clinical trials are needed to further investigate this issue.

Ice and traumatic injuries in sports

O uso do gelo nas afecções traumáticas é uma modalidade terapêutica utilíssima, particularmente nas lesões músculo-esqueléticas. Entretanto, se aplicado de forma incorreta, sem conhecimento dos fenômenos neuro-fisiológicos, musculares e vasculares, assim como das diferentes formas de aplicações, poderá também trazer conseqüências desagradáveis, muitas vezes irreversíveis. Segundo vários autores, o gelo picado, em saco plástico, parece evidenciar maior eficiência, e o tempo de aplicação aconselhável é de 15 a 20 minutos, após o que ocorrerá vasodilatação reflexa local. Cada aplicação pode ser repetida após 20 minutos de intervalo. Trata-se de um campo aberto para novas investigações, que devem por sua vez, ser mais esclarecedoras

Differential Effects of Various Types of Presentation on a Block-Building Test

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the influence of different forms of application of a block-building test. Four different testing procedures varied in the size of the stimulus, the real or figurative presentation of the stimulus, and the possibility of observing strategies of resolution of the items. The Borelli-Oléron block-building subtest was given to 64 subjects assigned randomly to the procedures. The results showed that, when the model was constructed first in the presence of the child, he found the task to be much easier.

Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals - Structure and Design

Abstract Interest in the synthesis of optically active smectic liquid crystals has increased considerably since the advent of a fast switching, bistable, electrooptic device configuration based on their ferroelectric properties. A number of structurally separate ferroelectric liquid crystal phases have been defined which possess differing properties. These types of phase can be utilized in different forms of application. The structures of the various ferroelectric smectic phases and the types of material which exhibit these modifications are discussed in detail. The design and engineering of materials to suit certain device criteria is related to the properties of the smectic ferroelectric phases. A relationship between the absolute spacial configuration of the optically active materials which exhibit ferroelectric smectic phases, the twist direction of the phase and the direction of the spontaneous polarization is developed.