Introduction: Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstrual period, is a common complaint among 50% adolescent girls. Therefore, a cross sectional study on Urban adolescent secondary school girls aged (10 - 15 years) was conducted with an objective to know the prevalence of anemia and its impact on the age at menarche, dysmenorrhea and total iron intake in the diet. Methodology: Seven hundred girls were selected from four different schools of Aligarh city by Stratified Random Sampling. Questionnaire was prepared after piloting on a small sample of population and was modified accordingly to determine the number of menarcheal subjects and age at menarche Prevalence and extent of dysmenorrhea was also looked for. Mean, S.D, Chi square and linear regression analysis was done through spss 16.0 software for the purpose of statistical analysis (Dixit, 2003). Results and discussion: Out of 700 subjects, 400 girls had reached their menarche. The mean age at menarche was calculated to be 12.36 years. Among these 400 post menarcheal girls it was found that 135 (33.7%) girls suffered from different degrees of anemia. Analysis of the results revealed that the age at menarche was significantly correlated with anemia. Results also concluded that a significantly high correlation was found between severity of dysmenorrhea and anemia prevalence. The prevalence of anemia was also significantly correlated with the dietary intake of iron. The percentage of girls experiencing anemia decreased with increasing iron intake in the diet. Correlation between the various degrees of dysmenorrhea and iron intakes was also found to be fairly significant. Conclusion: From the above mentioned results it was concluded that anemia and dysmenorrhea are interrelated to each other and both are significantly affected by the iron intake of diet. Anemias as well as dysmenorrhea are the commonest health problems of adolescent girls. An improved understanding of the physiology will greatly help nutritionists and health workers to build more effective treatment methodologies.