Different Concentrations Of Nickel Research Articles

Effects of nickel, lead, and copper stress on the growth and biochemical responses of Aegilops tauschii seedlings

Heavy metal pollution causes severe abiotic stress in cereal crops around the world. This study investigated the effects of different concentrations (0, 100, 200, and 300 mg·kg–1) of nickel, lead, and copper stress on the growth and biochemical responses of Aegilops tauschii seedlings, to provide a reference for research on the mechanism of invasion and screening potential sources of wheat tolerance genes. The results showed that nickel, lead, and copper stress caused a significant decrease in the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll (a + b) in A. tauschii, thereby inhibiting photosynthesis to different degrees and hindering seedling growth, which was reflected in significant reductions in plant height and root length, with the most notable effect observed under stress by 300 mg·kg–1 lead. As the concentration of heavy metals increased, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and APX), non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH and AsA), and the contents of osmotic regulatory substances (proline and soluble proteins) in A. tauschii significantly increased. Additionally, heavy metal stress increased H2O2 and TBARS levels. However, when the nickel, lead, and copper concentrations reached 300 mg·kg–1, no significant differences were found in H2O2 or TBARS levels compared to those in the CK group. To summarize, A. tauschii can mitigate the accumulation of ROS and membrane lipid peroxidation caused by heavy metal stress through self-regulation, thus exhibiting a certain degree of tolerance to stress caused by different concentrations of nickel, lead, and copper. Finally, the evaluation using the membership function method revealed that among the three heavy metals, A. tauschii exhibited the strongest adaptation to Cu, followed by Ni and Pb.

Anatomical Changes in Seedling of Pisum Sativum Linn. Under The Nickel Stress

A research investigation was conducted to find out how Nickel's different stresses affected the morphological alterations in Pisum sativum. Pisum sativum has a complex stem structure. In the transactional view, the stem of Pisum sativum is usually more or less square-shaped. The root's transverse section has a form which is slightly rounded. The structural abnormalities of Pisum sativum treated with different concentrations of Nickel indicated its toxic effect on the anatomical structure of the root and stem. Pisum sativum treated with lower to higher doses of Nickel showed few specific effects on stem anatomy. Plants treated with nickel had many structural changes in their roots.

The Effect of EDTA on the Ability to Absorb Different Concentrations of Nickel, Cadmium, and Lead in Soil by Corn Plants

Background & Aims: The use of resistant and widely used species such as corn in agriculture and industry can be an effective solution for the bioremediation of soil pollutants, including heavy elements. The current research aimed to investigate the effect of EDTA on the ability to absorb different concentrations of heavy metals in the soil of corn plants in 2019. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted as a three-factor pilot design at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 mg/kg in the greenhouse. The samples were analyzed using an atomic absorption device. The laboratory pilot design was based on Taguchi’s algorithm. Finally, transfer factor (TF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) were calculated. Results: The results showed that different organs (root, stem, and leaf) show different levels of bioaccumulation under the influence of variable factors in different concentrations of heavy elements (nickel, cadmium, and lead). Also, there is a significant difference between the measured amounts of heavy elements in different organs of the corn plant (P≤0.05). The average TF levels for elements at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/kg were 0.79 and 1.66 for nickel, 0.82 and 0.78 for cadmium and 1.361, 1.378, and 1.387 for lead. Based on the results, with the increase in nickel concentration, the absorption level increased, and with the increase in cadmium concentration, the absorption level decreased. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that it is possible to use EDTA to increase the efficiency of corn plants in absorbing heavy elements of nickel, cadmium, and lead.

Algal sensitivity to nickel toxicity in response to phosphorus starvation

In all living cells, phosphorus plays an important function in the transport of metabolic energy and as a structural component of nucleotide and phospholipid molecules. Ni2+ is found in industrial water effluent and has the potential to harm aquatic ecosystems. The study was designed to assess the effect of phosphorous-limiting conditions in combination with the absence or presence of different concentrations of nickel on growth, pigment content, photosynthesis, and respiration activities of the studied alga Dunaliella tertiolecta. The EC50 for dissolved nickel was around 15 mg/L. Results obtained showed that, growth and chlorophyll content under phosphorus limiting conditions increased under low concentrations of dissolved nickel. The amount of O2-evolution with phosphorus limiting conditions was lower than those of untreated normal cultures. Lower dissolved nickel concentrations resulted in higher photosynthesis rates in the treated phosphorus-starved cultures than higher concentrations. The degree of response to metal toxicity in phosphorus-starved medium is depending mainly on the concentration of the element and the length of the culturing period and it was less than those in normal control culture containing phosphorus.

Nickel translocation, toxicity, and its effect on the expression of genes associated with nickel resistance in red pine (Pinus resinosa)

The main objectives of this study were to 1) investigate metal accumulation and translocation in Pinus spp ., 2) evaluate the level of P. resinosa resistance to nickel; and 3) determine the effects of different concentrations of nickel on gene expression in Pinus resinosa . Seedlings were treated with different concentrations of nickel nitrate (16 mg, 160 mg, and 1,600 mg of nickel per 1 kg of dry soil) and corresponding salt controls in growth chamber screening tests. In general, collected data revealed that P. resinosa is resistant to nickel. The expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACC deaminase), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), High-affinity Ni transporter (NiCoT or AT2G16800), and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 3 (NRAMP3) and Serine acetyltransferase (SAT) were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The expression of ACC in samples treated with 1,600 mg/kg of Ni was significantly supressed as it was half of that observed in the water control samples. AT2G16800, and SAT expression were significantly upregulated under 16 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg Ni treatments. But the expression of these genes was repressed in seedlings exposed to 1,600 mg/kg of Ni. The 1,600 mg/kg of Ni induced a GST expression level that was 6.65-fold greater than that of the water control. Overall, low level of nickel ions induce an increase in the expression of ACC, GST, AT2G16800, NRAMP3, and SAT. The levels of bioavailable Ni in soils contaminated with metals was low while Ni concentrations in roots, branches, and needles of P. resinosa exposed to Ni for several years were similar.

High-order harmonics generation in nanosecond-pulses-induced plasma containing Ni-doped CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals using chirp-free and chirped femtosecond pulses

We demonstrate high-order harmonic generation in Ni-doped CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals ablated by nanosecond pulses using chirp-free 35 fs, and chirped 135 fs pulses in the case of single-color pump (800 nm) and a two-color pump (800 and 400 nm). We analyzed the spectral shift, cut-off, and intensity distribution of harmonics in the case of chirped drving pulses compared to chirp-free pulses. It is shown that the presence of Ni dopants and CsPbBr3 plasma components improves the harmonics emission. Also, we measured the third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of these nanocrystals using 800 nm, 60 fs, 1 kHz pulses. The variations of measured NLO parameters of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals containing different concentrations of nickel correlate with variations of generated high-order harmonics from laser induced plasmas of studied nanocrystals in terms of harmonics intensity, cut-off, and spectral shift (in case of chirped driving pulses). The spectral shift of the harmonics generated from the Ni-doped CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals can be used to form tunable extreme ultraviolet sources.

Effect of nickel concentration on biohydrogen production: Organic solid waste vs. glucose

In recent years, alternative renewable energy generation sources have been investigated, highlighting the dark fermentation process due to it’s potential to obtain hydrogen-rich gas, which can be used as an energy source. Different trace metals intervene in this biological process. Nickel is one of the most important because it is a component of the [Ni–Fe] hydrogenase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of H2 in numerous bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nickel on biohydrogen production from organic solid waste (OSW). The experimental setup was carried out in batch tests using OSW as the substrate, glucose as a reference compound and the valuation of Ni2+ doses on the operation in a Sequencing Batch Reactor. The results of the batch tests showed that when using glucose as a substrate, 2 mg Ni2+/g VSinoculum generated the highest hydrogen production (774 ± 7.3 mL H2/L/d) and highest yield (55.8 ± 3.4 mL H2/g of glucose), which was 34.4% higher than the control. Testing of different concentrations of nickel using OSW as a carbon source showed that the highest production was obtained without Ni2+ addition since the nickel concentration in the residue was 0.17 ± 0.06 mgNi/gVS; consequently, hydrogen production was not affected by the lack of Ni. The addition of 0.5 mg Ni2+/g VSinoculum decreased acetate and butyrate production and increased caproate production.

The use of different concentrations of Nickel and Lead for the inhibition growth of some types of soil microorganisms

Three types of Mycorrhiza has been chosen R. rosulus, S. varigatus and P. involutus in removing and lowering the ascending concentration of nickel and lead elements during three incubation and contact periods (5,7 and 10 days), and comparing the isolated growth with control sample. Type of P. involutus is the most efficient in the removal by observing the growth of isolates by increasing it's diameter compared to the control samples and the concentration of nickel and lead, and for all the days of incubation, while the type S. varigatus was the highest growth at low concentration of nickel and lead only for all periods of incubation, for type R. rosulus, the diameter was smaller as compared to control samples and for all elements concentration of nickel and lead, except at concentration (2.5ppm), which showed increase in diameter for nickel, and is generally observed increase diameters of the isolates of the three types by increasing periods of incubation and all elemental concentrations of nickel and lead, and this increase is less than at high concentrations of these elements and of all species studied.

Effect of foliar application of nickel on physiological and phytochemical characteristics of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis)

Abstract Nickel (Ni) is one of the important heavy metals and elements identified as fundamental for plant growth and development. In order to investigate the effect of different concentrations of nickel on physiological and phytochemical traits, this research was conducted as a pot experiment. Treatments consisted of 5 different concentrations of nickel nitrate, including 0 (control), 0.07, 0.156, 0.234, 0.312 mg/L in four replications. Foliar application of different concentrations of nickel was performed in two stages: The first stage is in 2–4 leaves and the second stage was at the time of budding. Results showed that different concentrations of nickel had significant effects on physiological and phytochemical traits of marigold. The best treatment for improvement of plant growth parameters and antioxidant activity was observed at concentration of 0.156 mg/L but physiological traits were most frequently at concentration of 0.234 mg/L. Ni at high concentrations had a detrimental effect on the indices studied. Although, total phenol content increased with increasing Ni concentration. Therefore, application of appropriate concentrations of Ni can improve the physiological and phytochemical traits of pot marigold flowers.

Improving the optical properties of SnO2 nanoparticles through Ni doping by sol-gel technique

SnO2 has extraordinary optical properties and it is applicable in different types of devices such as super capacitors, gas sensors, batteries, solar cells, thin films structures, etc. Improving the optical properties of SnO2 will help in increasing the performance of SnO2 incorporated devices. In this paper, Nickel doped tin oxide (Ni doped SnO2) nanoparticles have been obtained by sol-gel method in different concentrations of Nickel. Complete method of doping and synthetization has been performed in lab and discussed here comprehensively. XRD, SEM, TGA and UV analysis have been performed to study the transmittance, particle size alteration, bandgap and other optical properties. It has been noticed that the doping helped in improving the optoelectronic properties of SnO2 by doping at different concentrations of Ni. It has also been noticed that the doping did not affect the morphologies and structures while it changes the particles size and reduces the bandgap.

Enhanced metal recovery by efficient agglomeration of precipitates in an up-flow fixed-bed bioreactor

In this study, a single-stage up-flow fixed-bed sulfidogenic bioreactor was operated for 288 days (six stages), treating mine-impacted water at different concentrations of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and other associated metals. The effect of metals on the sulfate reducing activity, metal recovery, extracellular proteins and microbial diversity was evaluated. The bioreactor configuration showed a positive synergistic effect on both sulfate reducing activity and metals recovery, which could treat up to 200 mg/L Ni. Over 99% of Ni and Co, as well as over 91% of the other metals in the influent, precipitated and settled in the bioreactor regardless of the initial metal concentration. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the precipitates showed the presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which may have helped to agglomerate the metal sulfide precipitates increasing their ‘particle size’ from 0.1 to 0.5 μm to 10–100 μm. Different extracellular proteins associated to these EPS increased in abundance upon variations of the bioreactor operation. These included proteins involved in enzymatic reactions and metal binding, such as periplasmic [NiFeSe] hydrogenase, standing out when Ni and Co was added. The biofilm characterization showed the dominance of metal-tolerant SRB genera (e.g., Desulfomicrobium spp. and Desulfovibrio spp.), but also of other non-SRB, demonstrating that a higher microbial diversity may help the biofilm endure higher metal concentrations.

The effects of different concentrations of Nickel on seed germination and growth of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)

Heavy metal pollution is a major environmental stress than can affect plant growth. The toxic effects of nickel on germination and growth of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seedling were investigated for 8 days. Growth of seedling parts especially radicle was greatly reduced for concentration at and above 50 mg/l

Hydrodeoxygenation of pinyon-juniper catalytic pyrolysis oil using red mud-supported nickel catalysts

Red mud (RM) is an alkaline waste generated in the Bayer process of alumina production. In the present study red mud supported nickel catalysts (Ni/RM) were prepared at different concentrations of nickel (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 65 wt.%) and used to hydrodeoxygenate (HDO) pinyon-juniper (PJ) catalytic pyrolysis oil. Increasing the nickel content improved the activity of Ni/RM catalysts for HDO reactions. Maximum organic liquid yield (68.6%) was obtained when 40%Ni/RM was used. The upgraded oil had oxygen content of 1.35 wt.% and higher heating value of 45.77 MJ/kg compared to 24.88 wt.% and 28.41 MJ/kg, respectively, for the crude oil. For comparison, commercial Ni/SiO2-Al2O3 was also evaluated in HDO experiments. The HDO oil properties obtained using 40%Ni/RM at reaction temperature of 400 °C was similar to that of commercial Ni/SiO2-Al2O3 at reaction temperature of 450 °C. However, the organic liquid yield was much higher for 40%Ni/RM (68.6%) compared to the commercial Ni/SiO2-Al2O3 (41.8%). The commercial Ni/SiO2-Al2O3 produced more gas (27.6%) than the 40%Ni/RM (16.4%) and the coke yields for the commercial catalyst and Ni/RM catalyst were 7.3% and 4.2% respectively. Overall, application of Ni/RM improved HDO reactions and reduced cracking and coke formation compared to commercial Ni/SiO2-Al2O3.

Experimental evaluation of effective surface energy for cleavage microcrack propagation across grain boundary in steels

Fracture tests and finite element analysis were conducted to evaluate the temperature dependence of the effective surface energy γmm corresponding to microcrack propagation across the grain boundary of steels. Steels containing coarse cementite particles were prepared to enable γmm evaluation. The critical fracture stress of microcrack propagation across the grain boundary is considered larger than the critical fracture stress of microcrack propagation across the interface between a cementite particle and a ferrite grain in these steels because of the large cementite particles; therefore, local fracture stress estimated by finite element analysis and fracture initiation site obtained by fractography reflect the critical fracture stress of microcrack propagation across the grain boundary. Thus, the accuracy of γmm calculated from local fracture stress is observed to be enhanced by employing the steels prepared for the present study. In addition, the effect of nickel on γmm was studied using steels containing different concentrations of nickel. Values of γmm were evaluated considering both the direction of a neighboring facet relative to the crack initiation facet and the mixed mode stress intensity factors. The authors proposed a new temperature dependence ofγmm. Additionally, the negligible effect of nickel addition on γmm was observed. The results of the present study can be used effectively to develop a probabilistic cleavage fracture model based on microstructural information.

Infrared diffuse reflectance spectra of micropowders of Ni1–x Zn x Fe2O4 ferrites

The results of experimental studies of the IR diffuse reflectance spectra in the range from 4000 to 50 cm–1 of Ni1–xZnxFe2O4 ferrite micropowders with different concentrations of nickel and zinc are presented. The dependence of the intensity of the IR spectra of these ferrites on the changing concentrations of Fe2+ and Fe3+ cations in ferrites of different compositions is found. The features of change of the reflectance spectra are studied depending on the ferrite compositions, and an interpretation of the observed spectral structures is proposed.

Plasma membrane ATPase and H+ transport activities of microsomal membranes from wheat roots under Ni deficiency conditions as affected by exogenous histidine

ATPase activity and ATP-dependent H+ transport have been analyzed in membrane vesicles isolated from a winter wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum cv. Back Cross Rushan) which was exposed to different concentrations of nickel (Ni) and histidine (His). Seedlings were grown in a modified Johnson nutrient solution and then exposed to the uptake solution containing 10μM Ni to which either 100μM His or no amino acid was added. Control plants were transplanted to nutrient solutions free of Ni and His. According to our results, using Ni alone or together with His enhanced the activity of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase and resulted in a higher pH gradient across the plasma membrane. The highest initial rate of H+-pumping by PM H+-ATPase also achieved in the Ni alone treatment which was roughly 2.2 times higher than the control treatment. His applied together with Ni to the nutrient solution resulted in higher Ni uptake but lower H+-ATPase activity. Our results suggest that the (PM) H+-ATPase in wheat roots plays an important role in Ni uptake but using His in combination with Ni can moderate the pump activity. Undissociated Ni-His may directely taken up via His transporters which seems to be less dependent on ATPase activity.

Effect of Morphology on the Photocatalytic Behavior of ZnO Nanostructures: Low Temperature Sonochemical Synthesis of Ni Doped ZnO Nanoparticles

In the present study, ZnO nanostructure has been synthesized by different methods, namely coprecipitation, hydrothermal and sonochemical methods. After comparison of the morphology and photocatalytic activity of ZnO samples prepared via different methods, the best method (sonochemical method) was used for synthesis of Ni-ZnO nanoparticles with different concentrations of nickel. Furthermore, structural and optical properties were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and Photoluminescence spectroscopy methods. Morphology of nanoparticles prepared via sonochemical method were obtained small granular shape. In addition, the direct band gap has been calculated by Tauc's approach. Compared with pure ZnO, the band gap of the Ni-ZnO NPs is smaller and depends on the content of dopants. Moreover, photocatalytic activity of all samples has been investigated under UV irradiation in an aqueous medium. In addition, photocatalytic activity is improved in the presence of an appropriate amount of nickel dopant.

Heavy metal accumulation and effects on growth, biomass and physiological processes in mustard

Mustard (Brassica juncea) var. Pusa Jaikisan was grown in a pot experiment in soil supplemented with different concentrations of nickel and chromium (50 and 100 mg kg−1 soil), lead (100 and 200 mg kg−1 soil), cadmium (5 and 10 mg kg−1 soil) and mercury (25 and 50 mg kg−1 soil) as a leafy vegetable. The study revealed that as the contamination level increased significant reductions were observed in biomass, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a and b contents as compared to control plants. However, plant’s stress tolerance mechanisms, including proline content and activity of antioxidant enzyme increased under different treatments. Mercury treatment recorded greater negative effects on the crop.

Effect of Different Concentrations of Nickel on Some secondary metabolites in Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.)

Nickel is a heavy metal that is toxic for humans, animals and plants. However, some plants are known as accumulator plants. In some plants, nickel has been introduced as beneficial element for growth and development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of nickel on some metabolites of Coriandrum Sativum L. The experiment was done under controlled conditions. Plant samples were kept in a growth chamber under standard conditions and treated with various concentrations of nickel for 12 weeks. Based on these results, leaf protein and sugar content decreased while the content of flavonoids, phenolic and flavonol increased.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12059 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 28-32

Nickel exposure promotes osmoregulatory disturbances in Oreochromis niloticus gills: histopathological and energy dispersive spectrometry analysis.

Water is an essential factor for maintaining the vital functions of living beings. Nickel is the 24th most abundant element on Earth; it is a heavy metal that is genotoxic and mutagenic in its chloride form. Due to industrial use, its concentration in surface sediments increased considerably. Fish develop characteristics that make them excellent experimental models for studying aquatic toxicology. They are particularly useful because they can alert of the potential danger of chemical substances or environmental pollution. Due to water quality impairment and because there are few published studies that relate nickel to tissue alteration, this study aimed to examine the consequences of nickel in an aquatic environment. For this analysis, individuals of Oreochromis niloticus were exposed for 96 h to three different concentrations of nickel dissolved in water according to the standard established by Brazilian law and compared them to a control group. After exposure, the gills were analyzed using X-ray microanalysis, ultramorphology, and histological and histochemical analysis. The results demonstrated that all the concentrations used in the experiment altered the histophysiology of the individuals exposed. In conclusion, the nickel presents a toxic potential to fish, even at the lowest concentration tested, which is equivalent to half of the concentration allowed by law. The CONAMA resolution should be revised for this parameter because of the interference of this metal in the histophysiology of the tested organism.