Different Concentrations Of GA3 Research Articles

Optimization of GA3 concentration for improved bunch and berry quality in grape cv. Crimson Seedless (Vitis vinifera L)

Crimson Seedless is a coloured seedless grape, gaining popularity in India for its attractive colour, bunch and berry quality with better shelf life. In cultivation of any seedless grape variety, application of GA3 at different stages is very much essential to produce good quality berries and bunches. However, this variety is highly sensitive to excess application of GA3 and practicing GA3 schedule similar to that of Thompson Seedless grapes adversely affects bunch quality. Hence, there was a need to standardize mild dose of GA3 just for rachis elongation which will help to reduce bunch compactness to a greater extent. Hence, an experiment was initiated to standardize concentration of GA3 for rachis elongation of Crimson Seedless grapes. Three different concentrations of GA3 {viz., 5 ppm (T1), 7.5 ppm (T2) and 10 ppm (T3)} were sprayed during pre bloom stage and compared with unsprayed control (T4). Among different treatments, pre-bloom spray of GA3@5 ppm could produce less compact bunches with highest average bunch weight, berry weight, berry length and TSS. However, bunches sprayed with 7.5 ppm and 10 ppm GA3 could also produce good quality bunches average berry weight and TSS was less. Because of severe coiling of rachis at 7.5 ppm and 10 ppm GA3 spraying, bunches were too straggly compared to spraying of 5 ppm GA3. The control bunches without GA3 spray produced very compact clusters with less average bunch weight, berry weight, berry diameter and berry length.

Enhancing Mulberry (Morus alba, Linn.) Canopy Regrowth using Gibberelic Acid (GA3) and height Pruning Techniques

ABSTRACT
 Effects of pruning and growth regulator application on plant regrowth are significant to mulberry plant production. The utilization of different levels of gibberellic acid concentration(GA3) and height pruning technique investigated in mulberry 'Batac' variety in a mulberry plantation located in Ilocos Sur to determine its effects on plant regrowth in terms of the number of days to budding, number, and length of shoots, leaf senescence, biomass herbage, leaf growth ratio, and net assimilation rate, There were two height pruning strategies implemented like 0.50m and 0.75m and four different GA3 concentration like 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm laid out in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The investigation revealed that mulberry plants applied with 300 ppm gibberellic acid yielded effective extensive leaf area in contrast to other treatments, including the treatments with no GA3 application. The application of GA3 on the mulberry plant after pruning either 0.50m or 0.75m advances plant growth in leaf augmentation and leaf deterioration. 300 ppm GA3 concentration produced the highest biomass herbage and yielded the highest mulberry foliage but enhanced leaf senescence tantamount to its speedy decline. There is no significant interaction between pruning heights and the different concentrations of GA3 applied to the mulberry plants. The highest profit was established by the highest concentration of GA3 with the highest net farm income, benefit-cost ratio, and rate of return per ¼ hectare mulberry farm.
 
 Keywords: height pruning, regrowth, assimilation rate, leaf deterioration, leaf growth ratio. Mulberry

Impact of Gibberellic Acid and Organic Growth Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Development of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis)

One of the best interventions to hasten seed germination and seedling development is the exogenous application of phytohormone. This study evaluated the germination and seedling development of rubber seeds in response to gibberellic acid (GA3) and organic growth media under nursery condition. The experiment was arranged in a 4x3 factorial experiment in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Growth media (including: top soil, TS; TS + rice hull, RH; TS + chicken dung, CD; TS + vermicast, VC) were considered as Factor A, and different concentrations of GA3 (0, 50, and 100 ppm) were comprised as the Factor B. Newly fallen seeds (with no defects) from existing ‘RRIM 600’ rubber tree plantation were collected and used in the experiment. Seeds were subjected to float in GA3 solutions based on corresponding treatments for 18 h prior to sowing in different organic growth media. GA3 (100 ppm) led to the earliest emergence, highest germination percentage and normal seedlings with least mortality. The TS+VC was the best growth media influencing germination. The TS+VC media regardless of the concentration of GA3 caused 100% normal seedlings. Likewise, the combination of TS+CD as growth media and 100 ppm of GA3 also produced promising percentage of normal seedlings of rubber with 97.33%. Seedling mortality was lessen using the combination of TS+VC as growth media and 100 ppm GA3. Generally, application of 100 ppm GA3 and top soil mixed with vermicast as growth media provoked better seed germination and early seedling development in rubber.

Investigation of improving the drought tolerance in persian petunia (Petunia sp.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid and gibberellic acid

Plants respond to water deficit through several mechanisms. Among which, plant hormones play an important role in induction to abiotic stress tolerance. To bring this issue closer, an experiment was conducted to examine whether salicylic acid (SA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) exogenous applications through foliar spray could alleviate detrimental effects of water deficit on Persian petunia. Treatments consisted of water stress in three levels: 100% field capacity (F.C.) as control, 50, and 25% F.C linked with different concentrations of GA3 and SA sprayed at four levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg L–1). Results showed that the dry and fresh biomass, leaf area, photosynthetic pigments levels, relative water content (RWC) and the total number of flowers were significantly (P≤0.01) reduced in response to water deficit. However, free proline concentration and root-to-shoot ratio significantly increased in stressed plants. Plants subjected to severe water stress (25% F.C.), exhibit about 66% stomatal conductance rate lower than the plants grown at 100% F.C. The results showed that SA-treated plants exhibited reduced negative effect of water stress on most of the qualitative and quantitative attributes compared to control, while GA3 application had little impact on studied traits. Importantly, stomatal conductance and RWC were improved in water-stressed plants treated with SA. Moreover, SA-treated plants produced more flowers at all water deficit levels compared to GA3 sprayed plants. It can be concluded that Persian petunia plants respond to water deficit through adaptive changes at biochemical and morphological levels and that adverse effects of water deficit could be alleviated by exogenous application of SA.

Effect of gibberellic acid on growth and flowering attributes of African marigold (Tagetes erecta) in inner terai of Nepal

A field experiment was conducted at Bangaun, Lamahi-3, Dang, Nepal to study the effect of GA3 on growth and flowering attributes of African marigold (Tagetes erecta) in Inner Terai of Nepal. The experiment consists of three replications and 8 treatments and laid out in a randomized complete block design- consisting of various concentrations of GA3 viz. 0ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 150ppm, 200ppm, 250ppm, 300ppm, and 350ppm. Kolkata local variety of African marigold was tested. The study revealed that among different concentrations of GA3, 300ppm showed the tallest plant height (72.93cm) and the highest basal diameter (1.49cm). Maximum numbers of primary branches (3.11) and the greatest plant spread (32.11cm) were obtained from 250ppm; similarly, maximum numbers of secondary branches (13.80) were recorded in 350ppm. In the case of floral parameters both 100ppm and 350ppm recorded earlier days to 50% flowering (44.00 days each), days for 100% flowering was recorded almost similar in every treatment that sticks around 54 and 55 days, maximum diameter (5.370cm) of flowers were obtained from 50ppm, the greatest fresh weight (6.180g) was recorded in 350ppm, 250ppm showed a maximum number of flower per plant (104.13), similarly, a longer duration of flowering (58 days) was recorded in 300ppm. Among all treatments, the 250ppm level of GA3 was found to be most suitable in terms of production perspective.

Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Growing-Point Development of Non-Vernalized Wheat Plants under Long-Day Conditions.

The goal of this study was to determine whether the application of gibberellic acid (GA3) to seeds of common wheat varieties with different vernalization and photoperiod requirements affects the transition from vegetative to generative stage. Three varieties of wheat with different photoperiod sensitivities and vernalization were selected for the experiment—the winter varieties, Mironovskaya and Bezostaya, and the spring variety, Sirael. Seeds were treated with different concentrations of GA3 and plants were grown under long-day conditions with monitoring of their photosynthetic activity (Fv/Fm, Pn, E, gs). We monitored the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus by checking the plants to see if they were growing properly. The phenological stages of the wheat species were checked for indications of a transition from the vegetative to the generative stage. Selected concentrations of GA3 had no effect on the compensation of the vernalization process (transition to the generative phase). Chlorophyll fluorescence was one of the factors for monitoring stress. The variety, Bezostaya, is similar to the spring variety, Sirael, in its trends and values. The growth conditions of Bezostaya and Sirael were not affected by the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus. The development of growing points in winter varieties occurred at the prolonged single ridge stage. The spring variety reached the stage of head emergence after sixty days of growth (changes to the flowering phase did not appear in winter wheat). Application of GA3 to the seeds had no effect on the transition of the growing point to the double-ridge generative stage. The present study highlights the priming effect of GA3 on seeds of common wheat varieties with different vernalization and photoperiod requirements as it affected the transition from vegetative to generative stage.

Efficacy of plant growth regulator (GA3) on growth and yield attributes of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) at Dehradun valley

An experiment entitled “Efficacy of plant growth regulator (GA3) on growth and yield attributes of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) at Dehradun Valley” was conducted at Horticulture Research Block, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand during winter season from November 2018 - February 2019. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Ten different concentrations of GA3 viz. (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160,180 and 200 ppm) were used over control. Among all the treatments it was concluded that for growth attributes GA3 @ 60 ppm gave maximum plant height (49.57 cm), minimum number of days taken to 50% marketable curd size (94.53 days) and also increases yield attributing characters such as curd diameter (17.9 cm), Gross yield (3.53g/plant), Net yield (1040g), yield per plot (12.28 kg) and yield per hectare (365.63 q). From this experiment, it was concluded that 60 ppm of GA3 can be recommended in cauliflower for higher yield.

Effect of PGRs and chemicals on seed germination and physiological parameters of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri L.) under hydroponic condition

This study aimed to investigate the possibility of enhanced germination attributes upon rough lemon’s seeds treated with plant growth regulators and chemicals. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with thirteen treatments replicated thrice. Before the sowing, the seeds were soaked with different concentrations of GA3, NAA, KNO3 and thiourea for 12 hours, while the distilled water were taken as control. The study revealed that the earliest germination (10.33 days), highest percentage of germination (88.83%), Survival percentage (90.47%) and total chlorophyll content in leaves (3.50 mg/g) were recorded with soaking seeds in GA3 at 150 ppm concentration which were superior to other treatments. However, all treatments have not shown significant effect on accumulation of proline in the seedling leaves.

Effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid (GA3) on quality attributes of calendula flowers (Calendula officinalis) cv. Gitana Fiesta in Chitwan, Nepal

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on quality attributes of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). Single factorial experiment based on completely randomized design including 7 treatments and 3 replications was carried out. The treatments used were different concentrations of GA3 (0, 50, 100,150, 200, 250 and 300 ppm). Results showed that foliar application of GA3 had positive effect on quality of calendula flowers. First bud initiation and first flowering were recorded significantly earlier (p<0.05) if plants were sprayed with T5 (GA3@200ppm) treatment. Similarly, the study showed that the maximum flower diameter (6.43 cm) was recorded in T6 (GA3@250ppm) which was significantly similar (p>0.05) to T5 (GA3@200ppm) treatment whereas minimum flower diameter (4.19 cm) was recorded in control. Significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments were recorded in weight of flower where maximum weight of flower (3.77 gm) was recorded in T6 (GA3@250ppm), while minimum weight of flower (2.86 gm) was recorded in control plants. These results suggest that GA3 of dose 200 ppm to 250 ppm was ideal for enhancing the quality of flowers in calendula.

Promoting seedling growth in Kagzi lime through pre-sowing treatments

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of gibberellic acid on seedling growth in Kagzi lime at Regional Horticultural Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during the year 2016-17. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept with sixteen treatments and three repetitions. Freshly extracted kagzi lime seeds (S1) and those stored for 15 days (S2) were soaked for 12 hours (D1) and 24 hours (D2) in aqueous solution of gibberellic acid at different concentrations i.e. 200 ppm (G1), 300 ppm (G2), 400 ppm (G3) and 500 ppm (G4). Freshly extracted kagzi lime seeds had significantly higher leaf area, total chlorophyll content, tap root length, tap root diameter, shoot dry weight and total dry weight. For all above mentioned characters, a soaking duration of 12 hours proved significantly better over 24 hours. GA3 at 500 ppm recorded significantly the highest leaf area, total chlorophyll content and tap root diameter. Further, for tap root length, shoot dry weight and total dry weight, significantly highest values were recorded under 400 ppm GA3 treatment. Shoot root dry weight ratio was significantly lower in case of freshly extracted seeds, GA3 at 200 ppm and a soaking duration of 12 hours when taken as separate factors. The interaction effect between storage treatments, different concentrations of GA3 and soaking duration was found non-significant for all parameters chosen in this study.

Theoretical investigation of electronic and optical properties of the CuIn1-x GaxSe2: Ab initio calculation

The controversial materials using in solar cell, Copper-Indium-Gallium-Selenide (CIGS) is highly favorable for solar power systems, due to its large optical absorption coefficient, long term stability, low cost and high conversion efficiency. The electronic and optical properties of CuIn1-xGaxSe2, are calculated using the density functional theory (DFT) implemented on Wien2k code with GGA + mBJ approximation, for different concentrations of Ga. Moreover, we compare the physical proprieties between CuInSe2 CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2, CuIn0.50Ga0.50Se2, CuIn0.25Ga0.75Se2, CuGaSe2 in the wavelength range. According to the picks obtained, we can affirm that the CIGS is a good candidate for photovoltaic applications, especially the CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2 because it’s much more absorptive and productive, with an optical absorption that reaches 104 in visible range.

Seed germination behavior of five Resedaceae species from arid Arabian desert: gibberellic acid and light effects

Light and growth-promoting compounds, such as gibberellic acids (GA3), are among the most important factors that can break physiological seed dormancy. Here, we investigate the effects of GA3 and light on germination of five species of Resedaceae that are known to have different levels of physiological dormancy. Seeds were incubated at 20/30 °C in both 12-hr photoperiod and complete darkness. To study the effect of growth hormone on germination, seeds were soaked for 24 h in different concentrations of GA3 before sowing. The annuals (Reseda aucheri and Oligomeris linifolia) and the perennial Ochradenus arabicus had deep physiological dormancy, and exogenous application of GA3 enhanced their germination in the light, but not in darkness; few or no seeds germinated in the dark in these species. Ochradenus aucheri and O. baccatus had intermediate and non-deep dormancy, respectively, and application of GA3 enhanced their germination in both light and darkness. Germination of the annual species was much slower than that of the shrubby perennials. Overall, these results indicate that conditions under which seed developed, matured and stored on maternal plants as well as incubation conditions should be taken into consideration when assessing germination behavior of the perennial species of Resedaceae.

In vitro Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Petunia hybrida

An efficient plant regeneration protocol was developed from in vitro germinated seeds of Petunia hybrida an ornamentally important plant in the family Solanaceae. Shoot tip and node explants of Petunia hybrida were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of Benzyl amino purine (BAP), 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and Gibberellic acid (GA3). The highest shoot length was obtained from MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA. The highest shoot number (3 shoots/explant) were obtained from MS medium supplemented with 0.6 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IBA. The isolated shoots were transferred to MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of GA3 ranging from 0.05, 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mg/l for shoot elongation. The highest shoot length (5.75 cm) was recorded from the MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l GA3 +0.2 mg/l BAP. Rooting of regenerated shoots were achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.1-1 mg/1 IBA and NAA. The regenerated shoots with well developed roots were successfully acclimatized and established in pots containing sterilized peat moss and grown under laboratory conditions with 70% survival rates.

Influence of gibberellic acid on life table parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in laboratory conditions

Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important pests of various agricultural crops with global distribution. Influence of four concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) (100, 200, 400, 800 mg/kg diet) on life table parameters of H. armigera was studied at 26 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16 L: 8 D h. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The results demonstrated significant differences among various treatments on the development time of different stages and fecundity of H. armigera. The highest mean development time of fifth and sixth instars was observed at 800 mg GA3/kg diet but was not significantly different with either control, 100 or 200 mg GA3/kg diet. According to the results obtained, life table parameters were affected by GA3. The lowest finite and intrinsic rates of increase of H. armigera were observed with 800 mg GA3/kg diet. The net reproductive rate of H. armigera on five treated diets varied from 486.21 ± 98.22 to 1269.02 ± 218.97 offspring, being lowest at 800 mg GA3/kg diet treated diet and highest in control. Different concentrations of GA3 significantly influenced mean generation time, the longest at 800 mg GA3/kg diet (49.71 ± 0.31 days) and the shortest in control (43.80 ± 0.25 days). The data obtained in this study indicate that GA3 treatment has notable effects on the development, reproduction, and survival of H. armigera particularly at higher concentrations tested.

Gibberellic acid inhibition of tillering in tall fescue involving crosstalks with cytokinins and transcriptional regulation of genes controlling axillary bud outgrowth

Tiller production in grass species is controlled by both axillary bud initiation and bud outgrowth, which may be regulated by plant hormones. However, how gibberellic acid (GA) affects tillering in perennial grass species is still unclear. This study aims to elucidate the roles and the underlying mechanisms of GA in regulating tiller development. Tall fescue seedlings were treated with different concentrations of GA3 by foliar application, dose-dependent inhibitory effects of GA on tiller production were observed. GA3 (25 μM) slowed down the transition from axillary buds to tillers by specifically inhibiting the outgrowth of axillary buds. GA-inhibition of tillering were not related to endogenous content for auxin or strigolactone, but was mainly due to the antagonistic interaction with cytokinins (CK), as shown by the decreased CK content and up-regulation expression of CK degradation genes in GA3-treated plants. Furthermore, GA could act through regulating the expression of FaTB1 specifically expressed in axillary buds to repress bud outgrowth. These results provide insights for the regulatory mechanisms of GA for tiller bud outgrowth through crosstalks with CK and signaling of FaTB1 expression.

Deep and intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Ferula gummosa (Apiaceae)

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that seeds of the monocarpic perennial Ferula gummosa from the Mediterranean area and central Asia have deep complex morphophysiological dormancy. We determined the water permeability of seeds, embryo morphology, temperature requirements for embryo growth and seed germination and responses of seeds to warm and cold stratification and to different concentrations of GA3. The embryo has differentiated organs, but it is small (underdeveloped) and must grow inside the seed, reaching a critical embryo length, seed length ratio of 0.65–0.7, before the seed can germinate. Seeds required 9 weeks of cold stratification at <10°C for embryo growth, dormancy break and germination to occur. Thus, seeds have morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Furthermore, GA3 improved the germination percentage and rate at 5°C and promoted 20 and 5% germination of seeds incubated at 15 and 20°C, respectively. Thus, about 20% of the seeds had intermediate complex MPD. For the other seeds in the seed lot, cold stratification (5°C) was the only requirement for dormancy break and germination and GA3 could not substitute for cold stratification. Thus, about 80% of the seeds had deep complex MPD.

Transcriptome sequencing analyses reveals mechanisms of eliminated russet by applying GA3 and CPPU on ‘Shine Muscat’ grape

Russet on grape peel is a physiological disorder that effects grape quality and can be reduced or eliminated by different concentrations of GA3 (gibberellic acid) + CPPU (N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea). We have performed transcriptome and differential transcript expression analyses in ‘Shine Muscat’ grape at fruiting stage using Illumina RNA-seq to elucidate the mechanisms of russet elimination. ‘Shine Muscat’ clusters were treated with 25 mg/L GA3 (GA) at full-bloom stage and 15 days after the full-bloom stage had a far less rusted appearance (˜5% of total peel) as compared to control treatment (CK) (> 20% of total peel). Approximately all russeted peel was eliminated after treatment with (25 mg/L GA3 + 10 mg/L CPPU) at full-bloom stage and 15 days after full-bloom stage (GA + CPPU). Measurement of enzyme activity indicated the GA + CPPU treatment had the lowest phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate (4CL), and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity. Analyses of three RNA-seq libraries identified 2385 transcripts (1271 up-regulated transcripts and 1114 down-regulated transcripts) with significant expression changes. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR following GA3 and CPPU application identified two putative mechanisms responsible for reducing or eliminating russet at berry pericarp: PAL activity was positively correlated with russet on peel and up-regulation of condition-specific genes expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles genes are potentially involved in the elimination of russet. GA3 coupled with CPPU can approximately eliminate russet after application of above mentioned treatments.and PAL activity is shown to positively correlated with the elimination of russet. Furthermore, other factors are likely to be involved in the elimination of russet due to up-regulation of condition-specific coatomer subunit beta'-2 like genes.

Response of organic practices, mulching and plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of papaya (Carica papaya L) cv. Taiwan Red Lady

The experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic practices, mulching and plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of papaya cv. Taiwan Red Lady 786 under subtropical conditions of Punjab. In this experiment, farmyard manure, vermicompost and mulching along with different concentrations of GA3, NAA and Ethrel were tested in randomized block design. Maximum plant height (145.33cm), stem diameter (37.66cm), number of leaves/plant (32.33), number of flowers (135.66/plant), number of fruits (40.66/plant), fruit set percentage (78.18%), fruit length (17.13cm), fruit breadth (12.23cm), specific gravity (0.92) and ascorbic acid percentage (83.77%) was recorded in GA3 200ppm with FYM, vermicompost and black mulching, whereas maximum TSS (16.710B) and minimum acidity percentage (0.129%) was recorded with application of Ethrel 200ppm with FYM, vermicompost and black mulching. The results of this experiment revealed that integration of PGR’s application with farmyard manure, vermicompost and black mulch yield better results.

Períodos de exposição e diferentes concentrações de GA3 na germinação de sementes de Corymbia citriodora Hill & Johnson (Myrtaceae)

The germination of Corymbia citriodora was evaluated in five periods of exposure under different concentrations of GA3. The treatments were: distilled water and gibberellic acid at 5, 10 and 20 mg L-1, added to four batches of 100 seeds each. Soaking was carried out in periods of 30, 60, 120 and 180 min. The obtained data were used to calculate the Germinability (G%), Germination Speed Index (GSI) and Average Germination Time (AGT). The analysis of the results show that, compared to G%, the best averages were obtained for the interaction occurred by exposure of seeds for 30 minutes at a concentration of 20 mg L-1 GA3. With respect to the GSI, the best interaction occurred between the concentration of 5 mg L-1 GA3 in 120 minutes of exposure. For AGT, the best interaction occurred between the concentration of 5 mg L-1 GA330 minutes of exposure.

Okra growth, yield and aborted seed as affected by gibberellic acid using stem injection

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentration of gibberellic acid (GA3) on okra growth and development. The stem injection innovative method of application was used in this experiment rather than spray as common and traditional method. Stem injection method was applied on the stem of okra plant using GA3 at different concentrations. The higher concentrations (100 mg/l) of GA3 greatly increased the plant height compared to the control. GA3 application at 100 mg/l induced the highest value of stem girth over the control. The chlorophyll content in leaves was affected significantly by different concentrations of GA3. It was found that all concentrations of GA3 (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/l) increased chlorophyll content per leaf by 37, 45, 60 and 55% compared to the control. The pod per plant, pod length, pod diameter, pod size, per pod weight and healthy seeds percentage per pod were significantly affected by different concentrations of GA3. The 100 and 200 mg/l concentrations of GA3 had increased the production of healthy seeds compared with control.