Different Cities In Turkey Research Articles

Injuries related to animal sacrifice during the Feast of Sacrifice in Turkey

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: The Feast of Sacrifice is a significant annual religious festival in Muslim countries. In these festivals, thousands of animals are usually sacrificed by inexperienced individuals. Thus, many injuries occur during sacrificing of animals.OBJECTIVES: Describe injuries related to animal sacrifice or meat processing.DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study.SETTINGS: Three hospitals in different cities of Turkey.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Severity and type of injuries that occur during animal sacrifice or meat processing after the sacrifice and hospital costs.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification and classification of sacrifice related injuries.SAMPLE SIZE: 301 injured individuals.RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 42.5 (14.8) years and 83.1% of the subjects were male. Most (90.0%) injuries were penetrating injuries and 10.0% were blunt traumas. Upper and lower extremity injuries were identified in 77.4% and 17.9% of cases, respectively. Almost half of the injuries were on the left hand (49.8%). Almost all (96.6%) cases were treated and discharged from emergency services. Median hospital cost per patient was 103.14 Turkish Liras (35.95-852.66 Turkish Liras) (19.53 USD [6.80-161.48 USD]).CONCLUSIONS: Even though injuries related to animal sacrifice are usually caused by minor sharp objects, they can be severe and life threatening on rare occasions. To minimize the injuries that may occur during this period, public education and more convenient sacrifice centers may be helpful.LIMITATIONS: Small sample, single country, and short duration of the study.CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

Understanding the first year of novice school counsellors

AbstractPrevious research shows that the first year of a school counsellor’s career is one of the most critical stages. However, despite this importance, there is a limited number of studies that examine what novice school counsellors experience during their first year. The primary purpose of this qualitative study is to examine in detail the common experiences of novice school counsellors who have worked the first year of their professional career and to explore comprehensive themes regarding these experiences. Following a purposive sampling strategy, 33 school counsellors who started their profession in 19 different cities of Turkey were interviewed. As a result of the thematic analysis, five major themes emerged describing the first-year experiences of school counsellors: ‘Introduction’, ‘Fighting against Prejudices’, ‘Organising Counselling Service Room’, ‘Incongruence between Training and Work Definitions’, and ‘Longing for College Years’.

ULUSAL VOLEYBOL HAKEMLERİNİN EMPATİ EĞİLİMLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

The aim of this study is to determine empathy tendencies of National Volleyball Referees. 371 national volleyball refrees working at around the different cities of Turkey are included in this research. Data were collected with top Empathic Tendency Scale Ver. Student t test, one-way anova and LSD tests were used to evaluate the data.There was no significant difference between empathic tendency scores according to gender, age and educational status of the participating referees (p> 0.05). Empathy tendency score of the referees dealing with sports was significantly higher than those not dealing with sports (p 0.05).It was concluded that the volleyball referees had similar empathic tendencies according to gender and educational status, and changed according to refereeing year and refereeing level. In order to increase the empathy levels of volleyball referees, it is recommended to be selected from people who are engaged in a sport branch and to take part in different organizations during the arbitration process.

DUYGU DURUMLARI PROFİLİ ÖLÇEĞİNİN YETİŞKİN ÖRNEKLEMİNDE PSİKOMETRİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties and adaptation of the Turkish version of the Profile of Mood States Scale for adult populations. Research was conducted with 485 people living in 52 different cities in Turkey and 279 (57.5%) of the participants were female and 206 (42.5%) were male. The mean age of the participants was 40.93 (S = 8.73, ranj = 30-73). The Profile of Mood States Scale (McNair et al., 1971), UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell, Peplau and Cutrona, 1980), Depression Scale (Radloff, 1977) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scales (Rosenberg, 1965) were used in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the factor structure of the Profile of Mood States Scale. In the results, it was observed that the substances represented their own sub-dimensions except for the two items. Factor analysis was conducted to determine whether the sub-dimensions of the scale represented positive and negative mood profiles, and it was determined that the Profile of Mood States Scale represented the positive (self-esteem and energy) and negative mood (stress, anger, fatigue, depression and confusion) reliably. In addition, it was found that the reliability of the sub-dimensions of the scale ranged from .70-.88 and therefore all the subscales were valid and reliable for the adult sample. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the subscales of the Profile of Mood States Scale and the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Depression Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale were calculated. In the findings, the sub-dimensions representing positive mood were positively related to Self-Esteem; Loneliness and depression were found to be negatively related. The sub-dimensions representing negative mood were negatively correlated with Self-Esteem, whereas it was found to be positively related to Loneliness and Depression.

The Effect of Eating Habits' Quality on Scholastic Performance in Turkish Adolescents.

Evidence associates scholastic performance to quality of eating habits. However, there is limited information on this topic in Turkey, an emerging economy with notable disparities. Our work aimed to evaluate the effect of eating habits quality of high-school students in Turkey, on the Scholastic Aptitude Standardized Examination (TEOG) scores. The study was conducted in 29 different cities in Turkey during the academic year 2016–2017, involving students of ages 14–17 years (up to senior-high school). A dietary habits survey developed and validated for this population was distributed over the internet in February 2017. Apart from students’ TEOG scores, Family Affluence Score (FAS) was used to categorize the students into low, medium, and high financial standing. Eating Habits Score (EHS) was calculated by using a validated scoring system. A working sample of 298 participants was used. Based on our results, we observed that there is a significant positive correlation between EHS, FAS and success rate of students as assessed by TEOG scores. Further research on this subject should be conducted in combination with intervention studies to reveal potential strategies and policies that would enhance positive behavior change as it relates to nutritional habits, aiming at improved scholastic performance and overall health throughout lifespan.

Türkiye'nin Karmaşık Etnik Kökenini Temsil Eden İstanbul’da ABO ve Rh (D) Gruplarının Dağılımı

Objective: In humans, 38 different critical blood type classification systems are currently recognized. They differ in frequencies in distinct populations. It is aimed to visualize ABO and Rh(D) groups distribution in Istanbul as having the largest community in Turkey. Method: Volunteered blood donor's data on the automation system were screened retrospectively. Blood donation acceptance criteria were based on the guidelines prepared by the Ministry of Health. ABO and Rh(D) groups were analyzed using column agglutination/gel centrifugation methods. Results: The study covered six years' data between the dates of January 2014 and December 2019, including 136,231 donors. The majority of the donors were found to have blood group A with a frequency of 41.88%(n=57,059). The second most common blood group was group O, and had a frequency of 34.92%(n=47,576). The blood group B (n=20,790;15.26%) and group AB (n=10,806;7.93%) were found to be the rare encountered blood groups. Among the Rh(D) group, 85.02% of the donors were Rh(D) positive. Conclusion: In transfusion medicine, ABO and Rh(D) groups' compatibility is mandatory. According to the monthly and or annual blood products requirement, there are some suggested quantities of blood units to be available at blood centres. Determining the frequency of blood group distribution of populations will help to coordinate the ratio of blood groups to be storaged. The Turkish genetic makeup is a fascinating mixture of European and Asian DNA, necessitates to find out the countries' specific ABO and Rh(D) groups ratio. We compared our results with the previously reported studies performed in different cities of Turkey and the world around. Thus, our research as giving the overall distribution of ABO and Rh(D) groups from the largest city of Turkey reflecting the general ethnic background of the country, would help to the establishment of a databank of ABO and Rh(D) group's ratio.

Food safety knowledge of food handlers working in hotel kitchens in Turkey

This study was aimed to examine the food safety knowledge of food handlers in hotels’ kitchen, to determine existing knowledge gaps in food safety, and to examine relationship between food safety knowledge and some sample characteristics such as gender, age, education level, professional experience, and past attendance to food safety training course. A total of 378 food handlers working in hotel kitchens, located at six different cities in Turkey, participated in the cross-sectional study. The food safety knowledge score of participants was average with 53.70%. Knowledge scores related the different food safety aspects including personal hygiene (53.60%), food hygiene (53.91%), cross contamination (61.13%), health problems that would affect food safety (52.14%), symptoms of foodborne illnesses (52.00%), HACCP (51.00%) and food allergy (50.89%) were found average level. The most striking result of this study is that although the number of employees receiving food safety training is considerably high (82.3%), the food safety knowledge score was found less than expected. When viewed from this aspect, this work is remarkable about examining into content and adequacy of food safety training in Turkey.

KASITSIZ HAKARET (MICROAGGRESSIONS) VE TÜRKİYE’DE SIK GÖRÜLEN ÖRNEKLERİ

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki yabancı uyruklu bireylerin “mikroagresyonlar”a (microaggressions) ilişkin tecrübelerini ve sorunlarını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’ye eğitim, daha iyi bir hayat için göç ya da savaştan kaçış gibi değişik sebeplerle gelen bu bireylerin mikroagresyonların değişik çeşitlerinden hangilerine ne sıklıkla maruz kaldıkları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma beş farklı ilde yapılan görüşmelerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlkokuldan üniversiteye kadar eğitimin her kademesinden öğrenci, öğretmen, öğrenci velileri ve doktorlar ile görüşülmüştür. Verileri toplamak için katılımcılara “Türkiye'de sizin kültürünüze ve etnik farklılığınıza yönelik kasıtlı ya da kasıtsız kırıcı, incitici söz ve davranışlara maruz kalıyor musunuz?” sorusu yöneltilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları mikroagresyonların ülkemizde çok ciddi bir sorun olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırmaya göre Türk insanı yabancılara karşı eskisi kadar anlayışlı değildir ve yabancı uyruklu kimselere kendilerini ikinci sınıf vatandaş gibi ve dışlanmış hissettirecek davranışlar çok yoğundur. Yabancılara hep olumsuz şeyler yakıştırılmakta, burada istenmedikleri sezdirilmekte hatta ülkemizdeki birçok sıkıntının nedeni olmakla itham edilmektedirler. Ayrıca araştırmanın bulguları yabancı uyruklu kişilerin kültürleri ile ilgili önyargılardan muzdarip oldukları ve özellikle ırkla ilgili açık, doğrudan hakaretlere de yoğunlukla hedef oldukları yönündedir.

Analyzing the Cyberbullying Behaviors of Sports College Students

Studies conducted show that verbal and physical aggressive behaviors particularly among students are affected by the cyberbullying behaviors that are recently becoming even more prevalent with the increase in the social media tools. Such a case may also raise the need for investigating the cyberbullying behaviors of students of sports education in particular. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the cyberbullying behaviors of Sports College students. The sample of the study consists of 658 students (465 males and 193 females) studying at Sports Colleges in four different cities in Turkey. Among the quantitative research methods, scanning method has been used in the study. The “Cyberbullying Scale of Sports Audience” developed by Dogar and Karaca (2019) has been used in the study as data collection tool. It consists of 7 questions, which have one-dimension and 5-point Likert scale. The data obtained has had normal distribution. The student t-test has been used for dual comparisons, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey post hoc test has been used for multiple comparisons. The level of significance has been selected as p

Evaluation of Elementary Science Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding Inclusive Education Applications

The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems and suggestions of the elementary science teachers having students with special needs in the inclusive education applications. The present study is a descriptive study which determines the opinions of elementary science teachers regarding inclusive education. Thirty seven in-service science teachers who have been working in schools where inclusive education is applied in different cities of Turkey participated in the study. Data were collected throughstructured interview form. Thirty-seven interview forms were completed with thirty-seven teachers working in the elementary schools. In an explicit coding process, the researchers grouped each data unit under a category according to common features. In the axial coding process, themes with characteristics similar to categories were classified and determined. When the themes emerged and in the selective coding process, the researchers tried to give meaning to these synthesized patterns. After the data was collected and analyzed, the following four main themes emerged: How do they deal with the inclusive student, the problems encountered in the classrooms where there are inclusive students, the methods applied, and the solutions suggested.

Social Studies Teachers’ Opinions and Practices Regarding Teaching Controversial Issues

In today’s globalised world, many issues have become controversial. These controversial issues affect society and the individuals who form them. It is inevitable that these topics are brought into social studies classrooms, because this learning area is profoundly related to society. Social studies teachers’ behaviours, attitudes, and professional knowledge are crucial in teaching controversial issues. The goal of this study was to investigate social studies teachers’ opinions and practices regarding teaching controversial issues in Turkey. The study utilised a mixed method in which both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. The quantitative data for this study were collected from 646 social studies teachers in different cities in Turkey. The qualitative data were collected through observation of eight social studies teachers who were working in schools situated in areas at four different socioeconomic levels in the Kirsehir province. The content analysis method was used to analyse the qualitative data. The results indicated that there are differences between the teachers’ opinions and their practices in teaching controversial issues. The study also found that teachers are faced with academic, professional, and emotional challenges in teaching controversial issues.

Prevalence of Physical and Verbal Violence Against Health Care Workers in Turkey.

Workplace violence has affected many individuals in recent years, irrespective of age, gender, race, educational level, and sector. We analyzed the responses to the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Country Case Study Questionnaire, applied online to 447 health care workers who worked in public or private health care institutions in different cities of Turkey. Frequencies, percentages, and a chi-square independence test were used for data analysis through SPSS 18. Of the participants, 37.4% were doctors, 61.3% were midwives-nurses or emergency medical technicians (EMT), and 1.3% worked in units with no direct contact with patients and relatives (such as management and the hospital pharmacy). A total of 36.7% of participants reported exposure to physical violence, and 88.8% reported exposure to verbal abuse at least once during their working lives. Many participants who were victims of physical violence or verbal abuse did not report incidents because they thought it would provide no benefits. Regulations on effective communication training, changes in workplace conditions, and effective implementation of violence prevention procedures may help to reduce the rates of verbal abuse and physical violence in the health care sector. In addition, when managers show support for their employees in the prevention of workplace violence, it may help employees to feel more secure in their workplaces.

A Comparative Analysis of Sunshine Duration Effects in terms of Renewable Energy Production Rates on The LEED BD + C Projects in Turkey

Global warming has been on the agenda over the past few years. Solutions to global warming and energy efficiency problems have brought with them the need for green building market. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a certification system regulating the compliance of green buildings to certain standards and is essential for construction projects focusing on sustainability and innovation. This study investigates the effects of sunshine duration on construction projects reducing annual electricity consumption and increasing renewable energy production. In this study, the effects of sunshine duration times on construction projects are located in different cities in Turkey which has gained point from LEED BD+C (NC) (LEED, Building Design + Construction: New Construction) certificate were analyzed with the help of getting the impact of annual electricity consumption and renewable energy production rates. It was our aim that the results will be used for construction projects in compliance with the “Energy and Atmosphere” category of the LEED BD+C certification system.

Examination of Talent Selection Methods in Different Sports Branches

The purpose of this study was to determine the talent selection methods applied to athletes involved in different sports branches in Turkey. The research population consisted of 724 volunteer athletes who were active in sports clubs in thirty seven different cities of Turkey. Semi-structured interview form was used as data collection tool. It was determined that no talent test was applied to 512 (70.72%) of 724 athletes who participated in the study and 212 (29.28%) were put to talent test methods by their coaches. Of 212 athletes who were put to talent test, 41 (5.66%) were observed for their physical characteristics, 59 (8.14%) for their competitions, 75 (10.35%) for their basic motor skills (speed, strength, endurance, coordination, balance, flexibility and agility) and 37 (5.11%) for their technical capacities in competitions. As a result; it is estimated that the application of physical, mental, physiological, body composition and genetic tests all together while determining the talent selection in sports will be the most effective method to detect talented athletes.

Does a difference in the number of response categories change the results for ACSI in the mobile phone sector?

This study aims to contribute to making customer satisfaction measurement more efficient in the mobile phone sector. For this purpose, data were collected from 3,342 mobile phone users living in five different cities in Turkey. A self-administered questionnaire was used in this study. Five different surveys were used, with the same questions but with different categories of response (4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, and 10-point scales). The research instrument items were adapted from the American customer satisfaction index (ACSI). With the dataset of each response category, the models were installed and subsequently compared. The originality of the study is due to the comparison of the models created with different datasets. According to the findings obtained, different response categories did not make a considerable difference in the measurement of customer satisfaction.

Prediction of Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery by Night Eating, Emotional Eating, Eating Concerns, Depression and Demographic Characteristics

We aimed to determine whether night eating, emotional eating, eating concerns, depression, and some demographic characteristics are associated with the weight regain observed after bariatric surgery. METHOD: The study group consisted of 117 adults with an age range of 21 to 56 years, residing at different cities of Turkey. The participants were assessed at the post-operative 12th- 98th months with Night Eating Questionnaire, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Emotional Eating Subscale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Eating Concern Subscale of Eating Disorder Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. Mann Whitney U Test, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression were used for data analyses. RESULTS: Post-operatively, 13.7% of participants regained weight. The results displayed that depression, night eating, emotional eating and eating concern scores were higher in the participants who regained weight. Being married, emotional eating and time elapsed after the surgery positively, while knowledge on the amount of daily nutrients needed negatively predicted weight regain. CONCLUSION: Some demographic and psychological factors may affect the weight regain observed after bariatric surgeries. This study is the first in this field in Turkey, and longitudinal studies are needed. A long term multidisciplinary follow-up protocol is recommended for successful treatment of obesity.

Middle School Students’ Perceptions about the Scientists

This study aimed at in-depth examination of middle school students’ perceptions about the scientists. The study was carried out with survey model. The data of the study were gathered via “Questionnaire for Evaluation of Scientists (QES)” and focus group interviews. The data were analysed quantitatively and the quantitative data were qualitatively supported with quotations and interviews’ data. . The study group is consisted of 1011 middle school students from different cities in Turkey. According to the studies, students’ perceptions about the scientists were mostly similar to the results. 1011 middle school students in different grades have similar perceptions but their image of the scientists’ scores low. The students’ images of a scientist had positive features such as intelligent and imaginative but they had also negative images like boring. Students think that a scientist was not very religious or did not believe in God. The students had positive views when they evaluated themselves as a scientist. It was observed that the physical features of the students’ image of scientists were males, in their 30s, with strange hair style and an ordinary look, and wearing glasses, beard/moustache, and a lab coat. They thought that the scientists were interested in invention, research and experiment and worked in a laboratory. As the source of their images, they stated scientists’ life stories, the internet, course books, science journals, and films.

Developments in Religious Education During the Transition Period to Pluralist Democracy in Turkey

By the republic era, it could be said that the most important reform, we may call “milestone in the field of education”, is the law of Tawhēd - Tadrīsāt, enacted in March three 1924 to remove the maktab - madrasahpredicament from the system of education. After the date it was enacted, fourth article of the mentioned law which urges the officials to educate religious scholars in a divinity faculty and to separate schools for educating Imams has been a starting point for the discussions that were to be argued over the religious education. Although there was no such a direct enforcement within the text of the law regarding to the shutting down of the madrasahschools (schools which were once the touch stone of the Ottoman education system), they were still shut down and later a divinity faculty was established along with the religious vocational schools in different cities of Turkey. After this date, many regulations came into existence in regard to the religious education and religion classes. However, the institutions of religious education established according to the regulations done until 1939 were shut down and the religion classes in the syllabus were gradually cancelled. For the state abandoned the religious education of its formal education system, a need emerged by time for religious education but the absence of it raised the tension of the societyagainst the state. By the end of Second World War and the transition process to the pluralist democracy in Turkey provided the environment to the people to enunciate their desire for the state to take over the religious education and organize it under the formal education. In the light of this situation, many regulations were done from 1946 to 1960. Within the frame of this article, the period of time witnessed massive amount of development in religious education is chronologically probed and summarized via descriptive method.

Impact of Reading Frequencies and Attitudes on Early Childhood Teachers’š Teaching Efficacy for Sustainable Development

Abstract The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of early childhood teachers’ reading attitudes, the total number of the books they have read about their profession, the total number of the books they have read on general topics, and their teaching experience on their teaching efficacy. Participants consist of 362 early childhood teachers from 51 different cities in Turkey. Of the 362 participants, 333 are female (91%) and 29 are male (9%). The ages of the teachers range from 21 to 50, with a mean age of 27.47. The participants responded to a personal questionnaire; Early Childhood Teachers’ Teacher Efficacy Scale (ECTTES) and Reading Attitude Scale (RAS). Stepwise regression analyses for subtests CM, SE, PI, P and for total teaching efficacy indicate that reading attitude and teaching experience are significant predictors. For subtest C, reading attitude and age appear as significant predictors. For subtest IS, only reading attitude appears as a significant predictor. Accordingly, in order to improve early childhood teachers’ reading attitudes, book clubs and peer reading groups are recommended.

Viral etiological causes of febrile seizures for respiratory pathogens (EFES Study)

ABSTRACTBackground: Febrile seizure is the most common childhood neurological disorder, is an important health problem with potential short- and long-term complications, also leading to economic burden and increased parental anxiety about fevers and seizures occurring in their children. There are no routine recommendation to detect etiological causes of FS for neurological perspective, further knowledge about the etiological causes of FS in children will support preventive measures and follow-up strategies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of respiratory viruses in children with FS.Methods: This prospective multicenter study, entitled “Viral etiological causes of febrile seizures for respiratory pathogens (EFES Study)” examined representative populations in eight different cities in Turkey between March 1, 2016 and April 1, 2017. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from all children at presentation. A respiratory multiplex array was performed to detect for influenza A and B; respiratory syncytial virus A and B; human parainfluenza virus 1-2-3 and 4; human coronavirus 229E and OC43; human rhinovirus; human enterovirus; human adenovirus; human bocavirus; human metapneumovirus.Results: During the study period, at least one virus was detected in 82.7% (144/174) of children with FS. The most frequently detected virus was adenovirus, followed by influenza A and influenza B. Detection of more than one virus was present in 58.3% of the children with FS, and the most common co-existence was the presence of adenovirus and influenza B. In children younger than 12 months, Coronavirus OC43 was the most common, while influenza A was most frequently observed in children older than 48 months (p < 0.05). Human bocavirus was common in children who experienced complex FS, while respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A was more common in children who experienced simple FS. Influenza B virus was the most common virus identified in children who were experiencing their first incidence of FS (p < 0.05).Conclusions: This study indicates that respiratory viruses are important in the etiology of FS in children. The results show that antibiotics must be prescribed carefully in children with FS since the majority of cases are related to viral causes. Widespread use of the existing quadrivalent influenza vaccine might be useful for the prevention of FS related to the flu. Further vaccine candidates for potential respiratory pathogens, including RSV, might be helpful for the prevention of FS.