The article is made on the materials of the Federal state statistics service published on the website http://www.gks.ru Oh. The subject of the research is the differentiation of regions by the cost of human capital. The object of the study is the regions of the Central Federal district. The purpose of the study is to identify patterns in the dynamics and structure of the value of human capital in the regions of the Central Federal district. The hypothesis of research consists in the assumption that the increasing differentiation of regions is caused by differences in economic conditions of its application. The study was performed with the help of statistical methods, including index analysis and correlation analysis. It is established that among the three factors (rent from human capital; return on human capital; wage level) statistically significant impact on the process of interregional differentiation of human capital has the last factor. A system of indices for analyzing the dynamics and structure of the cost of human capital is proposed. There is a significant increase in the cost of human capital in Moscow and the Moscow region, including due to the migration increase in the number of workers.