Difference In Dietary Fiber Intake Research Articles

Working for Long Hours Is Associated With Dietary Fiber Insufficiency.

It has been suggested that long working hours are associated with various diseases through dietary patterns. However, few studies have reported the association between working hours and dietary habits. Thus, the objective of this cross-sectional study was to explore the difference in dietary fiber intake by working hours. Data of a total of 10,760 workers in South Korea who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES), a nation-wide survey, were analyzed to determine different distributions of dietary fiber insufficiency using multiple logistic regression models. Fiber insufficiency proportion was different from working hour groups. 70.1% of the total population eat fiber insufficiently. Working <40 h group showed 66.8% of fiber insufficiency. But working more than 52 h group marked 73.2% of fiber insufficiency. Logistic regression analysis of 10,760 nation-wide study participants revealed that working for 41–52 h a week (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.18–1.47) and working for over 52 h a week (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.25–1.62) were significantly associated with insufficient fiber intake compared to workers with standard working hours (30–40 h a week). These associations were still robust in an adjusted model, with working for 41–52 h a week (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01–1.27) and working for over 52 h (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.09–1.45) showing high associations with dietary fiber insufficiency. Those with long working hours tend to have insufficient intake of dietary fiber. To promote desirable dietary habits, intervention programs on working conditions should be considered.

Studies on variation in fecal reactive oxidative species generation in free-living populations in Guatemala

Among the factors associated with the risk of colorectal cancer and other large bowel diseases are gender, with women having lower incidence than men, and free-radical mediated oxidation. Dietary fiber has been attributed a protective role in human gastro-intestinal health. The main aim of this study was to determine the degree of association between dietary fiber consumption and fecal free-radical production in healthy rural and urban Guatemalan women, moreover, to look for associations between gender and fecal reactive oxidative species (ROS) basal production, a marker of in situ colonic free-radical-based oxidation. For this purpose, we assessed the dietary fiber consumption, using two 24-h recalls, in urban and rural females, and compared the baseline data, i.e., of iron-supplement-free periods, in three previous studies. Two of these trials quantified the fecal ROS generation as total hydroxylated products resulting from free-radical attack on salicylic acid along with residual non-heme iron content in stool samples from 27 Fe-replete men. The third study assessed the same variables in 20 rural and 20 urban women, all consuming their respective habitual diets. The average fiber consumption for females was more than double in the rural group than in the urban population. As for the average ROS responses, a 2.5-fold difference was observed between men and women, with men having the higher concentrations of total hydroxylated products. This difference was sex-linked, unaffected by statistically significant differences in dietary fiber intake, nor by different concentrations of residual fecal non-heme iron between rural and urban women. The difference in background ROS production between men and women suggests a gender-related influence on intraintestinal oxidation that may protect women from harmful effects of dietary oxidants, such as iron.

Dietary Fiber Intake in Two European Diets with High (Copenhagen, Denmark) and Low (Murcia, Spain) Colorectal Cancer Incidence

Contradictory results have been reported in studies associating dietary fiber (DF) intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. Most studies focused mainly on the amount of total DF, but DF is a heterogeneous complex and its components are generally ignored. The aim of this work was to compare the amount and composition of DF intake in Murcia (Spain) and Copenhagen (Denmark). Total dietary fiber intake was a 31% higher in Murcia than in Copenhagen, the ratio of insoluble DF/soluble DF being similar in the two diets. DF in Murcia contains major amounts of nonstarch polysaccharides and polyphenolic compounds, mainly derived from the high consumption of fruits and vegetables (6.7 servings). Resistant starch intake was of the same order in the two regions while resistant protein intake was higher in Murcia. The quantitative and qualitative differences in DF intake may contribute to understand the differences in colorectal cancer incidence in Mediterranean and Scandinavian areas.

Associations of menstrual pain with intakes of soy, fat and dietary fiber in Japanese women.

Intakes of soy, fat, and dietary fiber may be associated with the symptoms of dysmenorrhea through their biological effects on estrogens or prostaglandin production. The present study was to examine the relationships between intakes of soy, fat, and dietary fiber and the severity of menstrual pain. Cross-sectional study. Three colleges and two nursing schools. A total of 276 Japanese women aged 19-24 y. Intakes of nutrients and foods including soy products, isoflavones, fats and dietary fiber were estimated by a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Severity of menstrual pain was assessed by the multidimensional scoring system reported by Andersch and Milson. Intake of dietary fiber was significantly inversely correlated with the menstrual pain scale (r=-0.12, P=0.04) after controlling for age, smoking status, age at menarche and total energy intake. Neither soy nor fat intake was significantly correlated with menstrual pain after controlling for the covariates. The cross-sectional difference in dietary fiber intake across the level of menstrual pain was small in magnitude but warrants further studies.

Quantity and Quality of Dietary Fat, Carbohydrate, and Fiber Intake in the German EPIC Cohorts

Aim: This evaluation aims to describe the quantity and quality of dietary fat, carbohydrate and fiber intake in both German cohorts participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: Estimates are based on standardized computer-guided 24-hour dietary recalls from 1,078 women and 1,013 men in Heidelberg and 898 women and 1,032 men in Potsdam. In a subsample, plasma phospholipid (PL) fatty acids were analyzed as well. Results: Adjusted mean dietary intake estimates demonstrated that the contribution of fat as well as n–6 and n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to the total daily energy intake was higher in both women and men of EPIC-Potsdam compared to EPIC-Heidelberg. Surprisingly, the dietary n–6/n–3 PUFA ratio was lower in the Potsdam cohort. These results were confirmed by means of the PL fatty acid pattern. Besides the higher contribution of polysaccharides to total energy intake in EPIC-Heidelberg, women of the Heidelberg cohort revealed a significantly lower contribution of mono- and disaccharides (sucrose) to total energy intake. Although total fiber intake data were similar in both cohorts, analysis by food groups showed differences in dietary fiber intake originating from the food groups cereals, fruits and potatoes. Conclusion: The results demonstrate distinct differences in the dietary fat, carbohydrate and fiber intake between both German EPIC cohorts, which contribute to the exposure variation in the whole of EPIC.

Dietary fiber intake and diverticular disease of the colon--a case control study

To see the role of dietary fiber (DF) in the pathogenesis of diverticular disease of the colon, we conducted a case control study at two urban (T and W) and one rural (J) hospitals. Fiftyone subjects with colonic diverticulosis (aged 62.3±8.8 years) were compared with 64 control subjects (60.5±7.4 years), regarding daily consumption of nutrients.The study group consumed significantly less DF than the control group (14.0±4.0g/day, 16.4±5.6g/day respectively, p<0.05) at the urban hospitals. The same tendency was also noted at the rural hospital, but there was no statistically significant difference. The difference in DF intake between study and control groups was derived mainly from DF in vegetables.Our findings support the hypothesis that DF acts as a protective factor in the formation of colonic diverticulosis.