Differences In Interests Research Articles

Determinants of Intra-major Specialization and Career Decisions Among Undergraduate Biomedical Engineering Students

Biomedical engineering is a broad and interdisciplinary field that prepares graduates for a variety of careers across multiple career sectors. Given this breadth, undergraduate degree programs often have formal or informal opportunities for students to further specialize within the biomedical engineering major to develop skills in subdisciplines of biomedical engineering. While previous work has explored factors that influence student decision-making of engineering major choice, including the role of gender, limited work has explored factors that influence intra-major specialization in biomedical engineering. The present study sought to expand on existing research to understand factors that influence biomedical engineering students’ choice of intra-major specializations and how, if at all, these factors are related to gender. Grounded in social cognitive career theory, the present study leveraged quantitative surveys from undergraduate biomedical engineering students to understand factors influencing intra-major specialization choice, including the impact that students viewed on their career plans. Participants rated multiple factors as important in their intra-major specialization decisions, with professors/classes rated as the most important influence and alumni as the lowest. Similarly, participants rated multiple outcome expectations of their specialization, although income was rated lower than other factors. Participants most commonly indicated interest in pursuing careers in industry and medicine. We found some differences in intra-major specialization, outcome expectations, and career interests by gender, with women students indicating a higher influence of professors/classes and higher expectations for their track decision to provide a career with a good income. Further understanding of how undergraduate students select specializations in engineering coursework will inform curriculum design and student advising.

Fan conflict or complement? Exploring the intersection of sports betting and team loyalty

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was (1) to examine the underexplored intersection of sports betting and favorite team loyalty, and (2) to assess differences in gambling behavior among sport bettors by varying levels of team loyalty.Design/methodology/approachA total of 1,555 National Football League (NFL) bettors and non-betting NFL fans were surveyed to assess media consumption across a mix of team loyalty attitudes and betting behaviors.FindingsStatistically significant differences were found between four types of NFL fans (casual, team loyalty-dominant, betting-dominant and hybrid) as it relates to media consumption in various forms. Most notably, the results suggested symbiosis between the activities.Research limitations/implicationsThe symbiosis finding, though preliminary, suggests the activity provides an additional platform for consumers to connect with spectator sport. Furthermore, the act of betting, like participation in fantasy sports, appears to spur consumption of the NFL product generally. The study, however, was limited to NFL fans, did not specify the method for sports betting, nor the intensity of gambling.Practical implicationsTeams should not worry that betting detracts from fan engagement with the team product. Also, leagues and media providers should continue to highlight betting content as participants consume at higher rates than non-participating sports fans.Social implicationsTeam fandom may potentially moderate problem behavior among bettors. The betting results indicate being a loyal team fan lowers one’s gambling spend per month and largest bet compared to non-loyal bettors. However, the hybrid fan showed significantly higher media consumption levels.Originality/valueSports fans have more opportunities to interact and engage with their favorite games than ever before. However, consumers have limited amounts of time and money, and this study is one of the first to examine differences in fan interests and behaviors related to sport betting and team loyalty and the resulting viewership and consumption behavior.

Lexical cohesion analysis on articles of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in Arabic and English online newspapers

Discourse studies on the Russia-Ukraine conflict have been conducted in the past few years, especially in newspapers. Comparative studies on the media in several countries have been widely carried out; however, none so far focused on comparing Arabic and English newspapers. Thus, this article aimed to examine the lexical cohesion of Arabic and English newspapers to identify each newspaper’s tendency to represent the conflict. Aljazeera and The Guardian newspaper were designated as subjects of the study, in which five opinions published in March 2022 by each newspaper were purposively selected as data sources. Data was collected through internet archival documentation techniques and analysed by referring to the lexical cohesion theory framework proposed by Halliday and Matthiessen (2013). The results showed that repetition was the dominant cohesive device used in Aljazeera, whereas repetition and collocation were the most used lexical cohesion devices in The Guardian. The use of these lexical cohesion devices showed that Aljazeera took a neutral position in representing conflicts and actors. On the other hand, The Guardian tended to side with Ukraine while framing Russia and Putin negatively. Differences in these tendencies were due to the differences in interests. Aljazeera could stay impartial because Qatar had no political interests in the conflict. By contrast, The Guardian was positioning itself against Russia and Putin because Britain had economic and geopolitical interests in the conflict.

An Exploration of Ethical Considerations in Adolescent Maternal-Fetal Conflict – Balancing of Ethical Principles and Factors Unique to Adolescence Through Applications of Microethics

Maternal-fetal conflict is a complex bioethical issue that evolves through the distinction of the fetus as a separate patient to the pregnant individual. The conflict is characterized by differences in best interest that may be competing between the developing fetus and the pregnant individual, particularly when respecting the autonomy of the pregnant patient may place the fetus at harm. When these conflicts take place within adolescent medicine, novel challenges arise due to factors unique to adolescence, including evolving autonomy, and balancing inherent vulnerability. This commentary explores some of these factors and how they uniquely shape adolescent maternal-fetal conflict. Further, it explores microethics, a field of bioethics that centers around the physician-patient relationship, as a mitigation tool that can be applied in cases of adolescent maternal-fetal conflict.

Factors that Influence Employee Early Retirement Decision Making in the HR Unit of PT. Telekomunikasi, Tbk Bandung

Companies must be careful in managing early retirement policies. In designing, implementing and administering it. If the company does not do it properly, problems will arise for the company. For example, many employees retire early while they are still needed by the company. This research is aimed at examining the extent to which these four factors can change employees' intentions in making decisions to retire early. Using the case study method of PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Bandung HR unit. The research method uses binary number calculations. For the instrument, a questionnaire was distributed to 50 respondents. The variables studied are differences in personal interests (difference variables) and organizational factors which significantly influence the intention to participate in an early retirement program. Meanwhile, opportunities in career paths and external factors have little influence on employees' intentions to take early retirement.

Gender differences in achievement, behavior, and STEM interest among learners using Minecraft

In this paper, we analyze how male and female learners differ in their in-game behaviors, knowledge assessment outcomes, and STEM interest using the What-If Hypothetical Implementations using Minecraft (WHIMC). We also investigate how male and female learners’ self-reported levels of frustration and boredom relate to these outcomes. We examine in-game data, out-of-game assessment data, self-reported frustration and boredom, and results of the STEM interest questionnaire (SIQ) from 175 Grade 8 learners from a school in the Philippines. We found that male learners tend to explore more than female learners. Both genders learn more through more exploration, making more observations, and completing tasks, but only female learners benefit from having more idle time. Male learners had a higher increase in STEM interest compared to female learners, while there is no significant difference in assessment scores between the genders. This study also found that boredom and frustration have a negative impact on academic outcomes, behavior, and STEM interest, especially among female learners. Bored female learners tend to do less well on post-game assessments, explore less, and make fewer observations. Frustrated female learners tend to not complete the task. Female learners who expressed frustration or boredom tend to have a decreased interest in SIQ in the Interest category after playing WHIMC.

Exploring Multiculturalism and Intolerance: Understanding the Dynamics of Diversity

Amidst growing global challenges, multiculturalism and intolerance play a significant role in shaping a diverse society. Conflicts of interest and cultural differences often lead to intolerance, affecting social interactions and public policy. This research explores multiculturalism and intolerance to understand diversity dynamics in society. It utilizes a literature review, analyzing various journal articles and books relevant to the research topic. Additionally, this research reveals the complexity of the relationship between multiculturalism and intolerance. Factors such as cultural differences, identity politics, conflicts of interest, and social injustice are the main influences on the tolerance level in society. This research aims to analyze how these factors interact, evaluate their impact on multiculturalism and tolerance, and create strategies to enhance multicultural education and inclusive public policies. These findings emphasize the importance of multicultural education and inclusive public policy in promoting cross-cultural understanding and reducing prejudice. The implications of this research are the need for collaboration between the government, educational institutions, and civil society to strengthen multicultural education and implement inclusive policies that support tolerance and harmony between cultural groups. This research provides essential insights for strengthening multiculturalism and addressing societal intolerance through an approach focused on inclusivity and social justice.

Analysis of Risk Factors and Gaps in Government Risk Allocation with Private Investor Risk Perceptions in the Toll Road Sector Using the PPP Scheme in Indonesia

Infrastructure development has an important role in a country's economic growth. Based on the 2020-2024 APBN plan, the total budget requirement for providing infrastructure is IDR. 2,058tn, where the government budget is 30% of the portion of budgeted funding needs. Due to the need for infrastructure development, the government initiated Government Cooperation with Business Entities (KPBU) in various infrastructure sector to accelerate infrastructure development in Indonesia, including toll road. This research was conducted to investigate identified risks along with risk mapping analysis to find out whether there is a gap in risk allocation between the government and private investors in implementing toll road PPPs in Indonesia. The method of this research is a qualitative study with data collection methods through interviews and questionnaires. From the research conducted, it is known that there are 7 (Seven) risk categories with 17 (Seventeen) risk events that are considered important by private investors. From the research conducted, it is known that there are 11 risk allocations that are appropriate and 6 allocations that are not in accordance with the risk perception of private investors in the toll road sector with the PPP scheme in Indonesia, namely the risk of differences in interest on land bailout loans, increases in construction costs, the risk of inflation rates and interest rates, the risk of rate adjustments being lower than projected, the risk of general regulatory (and tax) changes and the risk of political force majeure.

The competence, interest, and perceived self-efficacy of undergraduate students in science communication

Science communication is an important part of science literacy that helps build trust in science, promotes the public interest, and supports informed decision-making on scientific issues. However, the literature lacks studies examining undergraduate student’s competence, interest, and self-efficacy in science communication. This study investigated undergraduate student’s competence, interest, and perceived self-efficacy skills in science communication. Two instruments were used to collect data from 226 undergraduate students in a public research university. The findings revealed that participants’ competence and interest in science communication were moderate. The data shows that STEM students lack confidence in their ability to engage in science communication and are not particularly interested in it. The study found no significant differences in competence, interest, perceived self-efficacy, and gender. Likewise, no significant differences were found in competence and perceived self-efficacy across different grade levels. However, there was a significant relationship between participants’ interests and their grade levels. The effect size was small for competence and interests in science communication. The conclusion discusses the implications of the findings for future studies.

Media Framing on the Hamas-Israel Conflict: An Analysis of Kompas.com and CNBC Indonesia News in October 2023

International conflict is a social phenomenon in international law, involving subjects that seek to harm other states. Causes are varied, including disputes over material factors such as territorial sea conflicts and economic competition. Conflicts often stem from differences in ethnic interests, such as those between Palestine and Israel. The media plays a role in shaping public opinion, news coverage of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict can be influenced by partisanship, news framing, and geopolitical influences. The mass media, such as kompas.com and CNBC Indonesia, portray the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through news framing that influences readers' perceptions. Kompas.com tends to emphasize Israel's declaration of war on Hamas and the casualties of the attacks, giving emphasis to Israel's actions in response to the attacks and creating sympathy for Israel. They also highlighted Hamas' exploitation of the geopolitical gap in the Middle East. On the other hand, CNBC Indonesia was more neutral in reporting on the conflict, not emphasizing one side over the other. They include Russia's view of the conflict, providing additional viewpoints and showing that there are other countries influencing or providing perspectives on the conflict. With qualitative research methods and framing analysis William A. Gamson and Andre Modigliani, this research revealed that kompas.com highlighted PM Netanyahu's statement that Isr.

Interest in Telerehabilitation Among Patients with Mild to Severe Multiple Sclerosis: Results of the Czech Republic.

Background: Research in telerehabilitation (TR) in neurology tends to focus on patients with low to moderate disability. For neurology patients with severe mobility limitations, TR can help to enable rehabilitation for people whose mobility limitations make it difficult for them to access rehabilitation facilities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the interest of people with neurological disability caused by multiple sclerosis (MS) in TR services. Methods: This electronic survey targeted individuals with MS, specifically those with a higher level of disability. Results: A total of 355 patients with MS (155 with severe disabilities) participated in this study. There was no difference in interest in rehabilitation between people with mild-to-moderate and severe disabilities (p = 0.1258, confidence interval [CI] = 95%). However, we found a higher interest in upper limb exercises (p = 0.0006, CI = 95%) and balance training (p = 0.0000, CI = 95%) among people with higher disability. Conclusion: The results of this study may help to improve the planning and targeting of TR interventions, where a different focus of intervention is appropriate for patients with different levels of disability. This may enable TR to be maximally tailored to patient capabilities and current greatest limitations. For example, for people with severe disabilities, it is appropriate to focus on training the upper limb function to maintain self-sufficiency and implement interventions to prevent falls.

Motivators and Barriers to Joining a Lifestyle Change Program for Disease Prevention.

Lifestyle change programs (LCPs) are effective in helping people adopt healthy lifestyles and maintain healthy weight for disease prevention. LCPs are known to be underutilized, but the nuances surrounding women's interest in using these programs for disease prevention need to be further explored so that enrollment and retention in these programs can be improved. The purpose of this study was to explore women's interest in and knowledge of LCPs and identify their motivators and barriers to joining these types of programs through a survey. The survey was administered both online and in person. The survey had 22 questions and included demographics, medical and family history, knowledge and interest in LCPs, and barriers and motivators to participating in LCPs. Participants in this study included 1,606 women from 40 to 74 years of age. We found that respondents had limited knowledge about the benefits of LCPs in reducing risks of specific diseases, such as breast cancer and osteoarthritis. Respondents reported low-to-moderate interest in LCPs. We found that their interest in these programs was negatively associated with their weekly physical activity and positively associated with their body mass index (BMI) and the number of reported barriers to joining LCPs. The most common barriers cited were cost, location, time, and too many meetings. In addition, we found that respondents who had or were unsure about their family history of diabetes were more interested in LCPs compared with individuals who had no family history of diabetes. We did not find significant differences in respondent interest in LCPs across ethnicity. Our study suggests that specific barriers to LCPs-including women's knowledge of such programs-will need to be addressed before enrollment and retention in LCPs are increased.

A statistical study on the similarities and differences of sports interests among college students

Abstract This study focuses on the status quo of group exercise interest differences and similarities among college students, and proposes the interest scalar law of group exercise for the group exercise data of college students, which measures the frequency of group exercise based on the parameter and activity. Based on the interest degree indexes of exercise duration and time, the interest degree model of group exercise is constructed to explore the laws of group exercise behavior. An association rule mining algorithm based on genetic algorithms and interest degrees is proposed, and an improved fitness function is proposed to optimize the algorithm. Taking China’s province S as an example, the statistics on group sports interests of college students show that the central tendency among group sports interests is ball group sports. Among the influencing factors of interest dissimilarity, the gender influencing factor significantly differs in the dimensions of psychological state and peer influence (p<0.05). There were significant differences (p<0.05) and highly significant differences (p<0.01) in the p-values of the place of origin influence factor in the course offerings and psychological state dimensions, respectively. The group sport type influence factor, on the other hand, showed significant differences (p<0.01) in all four sizes, including psychological state and family status.

The role of the energy factor in the formation and development of the EAEU

The article analyzes the role of the energy factor in the formation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), as well as its impact on the dynamics of modern integration processes. The author also considers a number of processes and phenomena as an energy factor, such as the degree of resource security of states, the level of infrastructural development of their fuel and energy complexes (including technological, logistical and information infrastructure), interstate interaction in order to implement energy policy and ensure energy security. Based on the analysis of the historical prerequisites for the formation of the EAEU, it is concluded that energy was one of the key areas of common economic interests at the stage of the Union's inception, while remaining so today and determining the potential of Eurasian integration in the global arena, at the same time being the cause of a number of fundamental problems of unification. These problems, caused by resource inequality and infrastructural imbalance, have a profound impact on the dynamics of integration processes. Among such problems are significant differences in the strategic interests of the states in relation to the EAEU; insufficient consistency of positions on energy development strategies; different and to some extent contradictory expectations from the emerging common energy markets; an imbalance in the levels of responsibility for the overall stability of the integration association. The need for practical solutions to problems and contradictions of this kind is an important factor determining the vector of further development of the integration association, its transformation from a predominantly economic Union to a new level – supported by ideology and values shared by all its participants.

Gender Differences in Paraphilic Sexual Interest in Women and Men

Gender Differences in Paraphilic Sexual Interest in Women and Men

Development of Chemical Learning Electronic Module Based on Multiple Representation in The Redox Topic

<p>The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 significantly shifted educational paradigms, necessitating the adoption of online learning modalities. This study, rooted in the contextual changes brought by the pandemic, aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, quality, and impact of a Mixed Reality (MR) e-module on redox reaction topics in a high school setting. The research followed a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) but was confined to the development phase.Conducted in a High School in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, this study involved 98 students (30 from grade 12 and 68 from grade 11), 3 teachers, and 2 validators. The research methodology included pre-tests and post-tests, alongside questionnaires to gather data. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to process the assessments from validators, teachers, student responses, and test results.The field trial results indicated that the MR e-module for chemistry learning was deemed satisfactory and effective by the respondents. The analysis of the test of between-subject effect revealed no significant differences in interest and pre-test learning achievement between control and experimental groups. However, post-test results showed notable differences in interest and learning achievements, favoring the experimental group exposed to the MR e-module.The effectiveness of the MR e-module was quantified using partial eta squared calculations. The MR e-module contributed 25.7% effectively to both learning interest and achievement. When considered separately, the contribution was 2.7% for learning interest and 21.9% for learning achievement. These findings underscore the potential of MR e-modules as valuable educational tools, enhancing both student engagement and academic performance in online learning environments during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>

Perbandingan Math Anxiety dan Interest in Learning Mathematics Siswa Laki-laki dan Perempuan Sekolah Dasar di Pekanbaru

This research aims to figure out whether there is a comparison of math anxiety and interest in learning mathematics for male and female elementary school students in Pekanbaru. The method used in this research is the comparative survey method. The subjects of this research were 129 students (70 men and 59 women) from 3 schools in Pekanbaru. This research obtained that male students' math anxiety (72.9) was higher than female students (63.1) and male students' interest in learning mathematics (76.09) was also higher than female students (51. .85). The findings of this research show that there is a significant difference in math anxiety and interest in learning mathematics between male and female students.

Differences in Numeration Literacy Abilities and Interest in Using PBL and Cognitive Growth Learning Models in Primary School Students

It would discuss differences in the numeracy literacy abilities of students who are taught using PBL and students who are taught using the cognitive growth learning model and Differences in students’ learning interest in PBL model with students taught using the cognitive growth learning model. The research method is used a quasi-experiment which aim to see the differences. The result show that there is actually no difference in the knowledge formation process carried out in PBL and Cognitive Growth learning, students are required to be more active in the learning process and the learning model is the main effect that influence the increase in students’ literacy skills and learning interest.

Percepții românești asupra Turciei și a rolului său la Marea Neagră (noiembrie 1940-iunie 1941)

In November 1940, the direct German-Soviet bilateral contacts revealed some substantial differences of interest, mainly concerning the Black Sea basin and the Balkan Peninsula. The relations between Germany and the USSR would become increasingly cold and difficult, culminating in the launch of Operation Barbarossa, on 22 June 1941. The intensification of the German-Soviet differences was seen as an encouraging development by both Romania and Türkiye, as both Pontic states had been subject to expansionist tendencies of the USSR, manifested in various forms and, in Türkiye’s case, lacking concrete results.Our article briefly presents Romanian perceptions of Türkiye’s importance and conduct in the region, within the context of a shrinking Romania that had become part of the Berlin-Rome Axis system, while Türkiye was striving to maintain its neutrality, sovereignty and territorial integrity. Among the sources we consulted, a number of documents from Romanian diplomatic and military archives ought to be mentioned.

Romanian Perceptions of Türkiye and Its Role in the Black Sea (November 1940-June 1941)

In November 1940, the direct German-Soviet bilateral contacts revealed some substantial differences of interest, mainly concerning the Black Sea basin and the Balkan Peninsula. The relations between Germany and the USSR would become increasingly cold and difficult, culminating in the launch of Operation Barbarossa, on 22 June 1941. The intensification of the German-Soviet differences was seen as an encouraging development by both Romania and Türkiye, as both Pontic states had been subject to expansionist tendencies of the USSR, manifested in various forms and, in Türkiye’s case, lacking concrete results.Our article briefly presents Romanian perceptions of Türkiye’s importance and conduct in the region, within the context of a shrinking Romania that had become part of the Berlin-Rome Axis system, while Türkiye was striving to maintain its neutrality, sovereignty and territorial integrity. Among the sources we consulted, a number of documents from Romanian diplomatic and military archives ought to be mentioned.