Dietrich Von Research Articles

Introduction to Dietrich von Hildebrand's Mozart: Dietrich von Hildebrand in His Unknown Role As Master Phenomenologist of Art

Introduction to Dietrich von Hildebrand's Mozart: Dietrich von Hildebrand in His Unknown Role As Master Phenomenologist of Art

Do rare species have any place in multivariate analysis for bioassessment?

Cao et al. (2001) have recently published an assessment of the place of rare species in multivariate analyses associated with bioassessment. This assessment follows their earlier comments on this subject (Cao et al. 1998, Cao and Williams 1999) and criticism of their viewpoint (Marchant 1999). In their earlier comments Cao et al. (1998) claimed that elimination of rare species from data sets unduly biases the similarity measures used in multivariate analyses of community composition and results in an ‘‘unacceptable loss of ecological information’’. Marchant (1999) refuted this claim by noting that when rare taxa are eliminated from data sets the trends displayed by multivariate analyses are unaltered and that benthic data sets, both from freshwater and marine habitats, commonly contain much redundant information. If, as Cao et al. (1998) claimed, rare species are vital for multivariate analysis, then logically the less rare species and the common species must also be vital. In other words, all species are vital and, as Marchant (1999) noted, this amounts to saying that no redundancy exists. Such a claim is contrary to common experience. Cao et al. (2001) admitted that rare species may not be important when environmental gradients are strong. However, they suggested that rare species respond to different gradients, perhaps less important and subtle ones or those related to human impacts. They provided little evidence from the literature that such situations exist but they quoted a paper by Faith and Norris (1989) as supporting this view. Faith and Norris (1989) reanalyzed a study conducted in the La Trobe catchment of eastern Victoria, Australia (Metzeling et al. 1984, Marchant et al. 1985). Using all 269 taxa (mostly at genus or species level) Faith and Norris (1989) compared ordinations with and without rare taxa, as well as ordinations based solely on rare taxa (those with total abundances ,0.5% of the total abundance of all taxa). They showed that inclusion of rare taxa resulted in a greater number of sig-

Joachim Heinzle (review)

MLR, 96. , 200I MLR, 96. , 200I pragmatic requirements of actual kingship:in political reality the decision not to fightcan be a positive one even if we would not expect it from an Erecor a Gawein, and the distinction allows us to recognize that Ginther is not necessarily a weak characterin this passage. One must wonder, however, whetherwe dojustice to the courtlyideal ifwe filterout elements of moderation and responsibilityand regardas knightlyonly thatwhich is left. UNIVERSITY OF REGENSBURG GRAEME DUNPHY Einfiihrungin die mittelhochdeutsche Dietrichepik. By JOACHIM HEINZLE. (de Gruyter Studienbuch) Berlin and New York: de Gruyter. 999. xii + 22I pp. I I illus. DM 44. It seems a long time since we had a readableintroductionto the extensive corpusof medieval poems dealing with Dietrich von Bern. To be sure, in 1964 de Gruyter themselves published Roswitha Wisniewski's revision of Hermann Schneider's Deutsche Heldensage (Volume 32 in the old Sammlung Goschen), a work that replaced Otto Jiriczek's Die deutsche Heldensage in the same series, first published in i894, revisedin 1897, and even translatedinto English in 1902. These older volumes, of course, treated of much more than the Dietrich poems, but on a rathersuperficial level (a mere fifteen pages were devoted to the Dietrich poems in the Schneider/ Wisniewski volume), and of course these have long since become hopelessly outdated. Of more recent date, and much more useful, was Werner Hoffmann's Mittelhochdeutsche Heldendichtung (Berlin:Erich Schmidt, 1974), which devoted some sixty pages to Dietrich. For the past twenty years the standard book has been Joachim Heinzle's Mittelhochdeutsche Dietrichepik. Untersuchungen zur Tradierungsweise, Uberlieferungskritik undGattungsgeschichte spdter Heldendichtung (Munich:Artemis, 1978), but this, the author's Habilitationsschrift, was hardly an introductorysurvey. More accessible, but again perhaps better suited to the needs of the researcherthan to those of the relative beginner, was Wisniewski's Mittelalterliche Dietrichdichtung (Stuttgart:Metzler, 1986),Volume 205 in the Sammlung Metzler.But no one knows the field better than Heinzle, and for sheerreadabilityand reliability,his new book could hardlybe bettered.It is writtenin the author'susualforthrightstyle,Martin's edition of DietrichsFluchtand Wierschin's edition of Ecke, for instance, being summarilydismissedas 'unbrauchbar',while Simrock'snineteenth-centuryverses are declaredto be 'unertraglich'. The book covers essentially the same ground as Wisniewski's Mittelalterliche Dietrichdichtung, though in somewhat briefer compass. It comprises four main sections, the first of which, 'Dietrichsage und Dietrichdichtung', surveys the historical background of Theodoric the Great and the emergence of clerical and vernaculartraditionslinkedto the Theodoric-Dietrich figurefromthe sixthcentury to the early modern period. The second deals with the historical epics (Dietrichs Flucht,Rabenschlacht, and so on), topics such as the textual witnesses, the content, differentversions, authorship,and interpretationbeing discussedas appropriatein each case. Similarly in the third section, devoted to the 'aventiurehafte Dietrichepen', which, one hopes, will receive fresh attention now that the various versions of the Eckenlied are now at last conveniently availablein the new Altdeutsche Textbibliothek edition by FrancisBrevart(Tubingen:Niemeyer, 1999).The shortfinal section of Heinzle's book outlines the role of the printed Heldenbuch (scarcely mentioned in Wisniewski'sstudy)in ensuringthe survivalof knowledge of Dietrich in the post-earlymodern period. pragmatic requirements of actual kingship:in political reality the decision not to fightcan be a positive one even if we would not expect it from an Erecor a Gawein, and the distinction allows us to recognize that Ginther is not necessarily a weak characterin this passage. One must wonder, however, whetherwe dojustice to the courtlyideal ifwe filterout elements of moderation and responsibilityand regardas knightlyonly thatwhich is left. UNIVERSITY OF REGENSBURG GRAEME DUNPHY Einfiihrungin die mittelhochdeutsche Dietrichepik. By JOACHIM HEINZLE. (de Gruyter Studienbuch) Berlin and New York: de Gruyter. 999. xii + 22I pp. I I illus. DM 44. It seems a long time since we had a readableintroductionto the extensive corpusof medieval poems dealing with Dietrich von Bern. To be sure, in 1964 de Gruyter themselves published Roswitha Wisniewski's revision of Hermann Schneider's Deutsche Heldensage (Volume 32 in the old Sammlung Goschen), a work that replaced Otto Jiriczek's Die deutsche Heldensage in the same series, first published in i894, revisedin 1897, and even translatedinto English in 1902. These older volumes, of course, treated of much more than the Dietrich poems, but on a rathersuperficial level...

Subjectivity and ethics: the patient

Dietrich von Engelhardt studied philosophy, history, and Slavic studies. He is director of the Institute of History of Medicine and Sciences at the University of Lübeck. His research interests include history of medical ethics, medicine and literature, and coping of patients with disease.

Fernando of Cordova: a biographical and intellectual profile (review)

Reviews 159 exclusion from the affairs of the realm of some of the established nobility, particularly families with Norman connections who had been prominent under Baldwin n, and especiaUy Hugh of Jaffa. There are many other studies in this collection which have not been mentioned, including all eight which appear in the second part of the volume and which deal with the 'Lordships', i.e., baronies, of the Kingdom. Many of these also impact on the reigns of Baldwin II, Fulk, and Melisande. The volume wUl be an indispensable addition to the libraries of all scholars of the Crusades. John H. Pryor Department of History University of Jerusalem Monfasani, John, Fernando of Cordova: a biographical and intellectual profile (Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 82, Part 6), Philadelphia, The American Philosophical Society, 1992; paper; pp. x, 116; R.R.P. US$18.00. John Monfasani presents with enormous erudition all the information he has gathered over twenty years on the life and work of Fernando of Cordova. This wUl certainly be the definitive treatment since it is difficult to imagine another scholar considering the topic worthy of the effort. In fairness to Monfasani he admits in his preface that he never intended to write a book about Fernando of Cordova but discovered that he had too much material for even a large article. I wonder! The volume contains almost 50 pages of appendices, and the 50 pages of text are half covered in notes. I can understand why Fernando attracted Monfasani's attention, because Fernando likewise enjoyed displaying his erudition. Fernando of Cordovafirstcame to the attention of the world as a result of Lorenzo Valla's letter of recommendation to King Alfonso of Aragon in 1444. He had established areputationas a Wunderkind, having degrees in each of the four university faculties: arts, theology, medicine, and law. He furthermore claimed proficiency in Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin, as well as expertise in painting and playing and making all musical instruments. From such a promising start his career petered out in the service of cardinals and the papacy. His patrons in R o m e werefirstcardinal Juan Carvajal, then cardinal Bessarioh, and finally cardinal Francisco della Rovere, w h o became Pope Sixtus IV in 1471. Fernando's theological 160 Reviews writings demonstrated Scotist themes and arguments and supported the realists against the nominalists, while his largest extant philosophical work, De artificio omnis et investigandi et inveniendi natura scibilis, claimed establish the method of discovering everything that is knowable naturally. His more mundane works supported papal power, both spiritual and temporal, defended the lavish lifestyle of cardinals, and justified his own financial privileges as a Papal subdeacon. He died in 1486 and has an enormous tomb in the cloister of S. Maria di Montserrat on the via Giulia. A. Lynn Martin Department of History The University of Adelaide Moorhead, John, Theoderic in Italy, Oxford, Clarendon, 1992; cloth; pp. viii, 300; R.R.P. A U S $ 100.00. King Theoderic the Ostrogoth, who ruled in Italy from 493-526, has had a very good press: from the anonymous sixth-century Italian source which states that for thirty of these years he did nothing wrong ('Nihil enim perperam gessit'), to the medieval Germanic tradition (wherein Dietrich von Bern was equated to Theoderic of Verona, one of his capitals), and to this book, which concludes that 'his achievement was immense' (pp. 251 and 256). Above all, in Theoderic's reign Italy knew peace. When his Gothic forces, which sometimes had Roman commanders, fought beyond Italy, they generally won. He maintained the Roman system of government, bureaucracy, and taxation and legislated for the Goths. 'Edictum suum, quo ius constituit', in the source quoted previously, might be pushed even harder in attributing the Edict of Theoderic to him (p. 76). He supported drainage of the Pontine Marshes and, if there had been trains to be made to run on time, he would have done his best. The Roman equivalent, the public post, continued to function in his time. As Moorhead twice says in his conclusion, when Theoderic's reign looked backwards to antiquity, it did not do so across a gap. Several factors combine...

What is Philosophy?, by Dietrich von Hildebrand

(1994). What is Philosophy?, by Dietrich von Hildebrand. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology: Vol. 25, Reading Heidegger, pp. 314-315.

Romanticism and the Sciences

List of illustrations Notes on contributors Preface Introduction: the age of reflexion Part I. Romanticism: 1. Romanticism and the sciences David Knight 2. Schelling and the origins of his Naturphilosophie S. R. Morgan 3. Romantic philosophy and the organization of the disciplines: the founding of the Humboldt University of Berlin Elinor S. Shaffer 4. Historical consciousness in the German Romantic Naturforschung Dietrich Von Engelhardt 5. Theology and the sciences in the German Romantic period Frederick Gregory 6. Genius in Romantic natural philosophy Simon Shaffer Part II. Sciences of the Organic: 7. Doctors contra clysters and feudalism: the consequences of a Romantic revolution Nelly Tsouyopoulos 8. Morphotypes and the historical-genetic method in Romantic biology Timothy Lenoir 9. 'Metaphorical mystifications': the Romantic gestation of nature in British biology Evelleen Richards 10. Transcendental anatomy Philip F. Rehbock 11. Romantic thought and the origins of cell theory L. S. Jacyna 12. Alexander von Humbolt and the geography of vegetation Malcolm Nicholson Part III. Sciences of the Inorganic: 13. Goethe, colour, and the science of seeing Dennis L. Sepper 14. Johann Wilhelm Ritter: Romantic physics in Germany Walter D. Wetzels 15. The power and the glory: Humphrey Davy and Romanticism Christopher Lawrence 16. Oersted's discovery of electromagnetism H. A. M. Snelders 17. Caves, fossils and the history of the earth Nicholas A. Rupke Part IV. Literature and the Sciences: 18. Goethe's use of chemical theory in his Elective Affinities Jeremy Adler 19. Kleist's bedlam: abnormal psychology and psychiatry in the works of Heinrich von Kleist Nigel Reeves 20. Coleridge and the sciences Trevor H. Levere 21. Nature's book: the language of science in the American Renaissance David van Leer 22. The shattered whole: Georg Buchner and Naturphilosophie John Reddick Index.

Greek Vase Painting. By Dietrich von Bothmer.

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsGreek Vase Painting. By Dietrich von Bothmer.John H. OakleyJohn H. Oakley Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Archaeology Volume 93, Number 4October 1989 The journal of the Archaeological Institute of America Views: 1Total views on this site Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/505344 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright © 1989 by the Archaeological Institute of America. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Oxford Brygos cup reconsidered

The name vase of the Painter of the Oxford Brygos, a fragmentary red-figure cup from Caere of the late archaic period, is well known (Plates I, IIa). Since it came to Oxford in 1911 it has been augmented from time to time by new fragments; the latest addition is a fragment formerly in New York, now on indefinite loan to the Ashmolean Museum, which was seen by Dr Dietrich von Bothmer to belong to the Oxford Brygos cup. This fragment has now been incorporated in the cup and several other pieces have been rearranged, on both sides, to good advantage. There seems to be no reason to question the identity of the artist as originally defined by Beazley. The cup is signed under the handle by Brygos as potter, but the style is quite different from that of Brygos' most frequent collaborator, the Brygos Painter. If A. Cambitoglou is correct in identifying the Brygos Painter and Potter as one and the same, we must assume that on this occasion Brygos potted for a second artist. The purpose of this article is primarily to draw attention to the restoration of the Oxford cup and to attempt a re-interpretation of the vase as a whole; it also, however, has a secondary purpose, to publish for the first time the only other vase securely assigned by Beazley to the same artist. The latter is a cup formerly on the Roman market and preserved in drawings in the German Archaeological Institute in Rome. While we do not suggest that the two cups are necessarily a pair, they do have some interesting features in common. First, the Rome cup (Plate IIb—d).

Three Chalcolithic Figures from Cyprus

ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO, between 1874 and 1876, Metropolitan Museum purchased Cesnola Collection of Cypriot antiquities. Today, after disposal of duplicates in I92os, there remain approximately five thousand objects that range in date from Bronze Age to Roman times and that represent major forms and styles of ancient Cypriot art pretty much as it was known until 1927.I In that year Swedish Cyprus Expedition began a four-year program of intensive excavation at eighteen sites ;2 it marks beginning of modern archaeology on island, and its efforts have been followed up ever since by Cypriot and foreign investigators. One of most important results of this activity has been to reveal Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures, which seem to span a period of about 3500 years before beginning of Early Bronze Age (about 2300 B.C.)3 At Khirokitia, Sotira, and Erimi, to name only major settlements, architectural remains, pottery, and small objects, especially of stone, have disprovedJohn L. Myres' statement that the Stone Age has left but few traces in Cyprus.4 Among very few additions to Museum's Cypriot collection within past century are three stone figures of Chalcolithic period (about 30002300 B.C.). As Christine Alexander, Dietrich von Bothmer, and others have recognized, they belong to wellestablished types, yet they deserve to be better known. All three represent stylized human forms and are made of what is commonly called steatite.5 The most important piece is preserved intact and measures 7.9 cm. in height and 4.8 cm. across arms (Figures I, 2). As is best seen in head, stone is layered into different shades of green; chin, knees, toes, and back were cut into a band of dark green while rest of body has a lighter, slightly grayish color.6 The cross-shaped figure is composed of a horizontal axis formed by extended arms intersected by long neck, short torso, and bent legs that mark vertical axis; rectangular head is set at an angle above neck. While front of body, especially neck and arms, has a rounded surface, back-from top of head

Observations on Euboean Black-figure

It is more than twenty years since John Boardman with his ‘Pottery from Eretria’, published in Volume xlvii of this Annual, aroused a fresh interest in the study of Euboean pottery. A certain amount of work has been done on the subject since then, but there has been no controlled digging of cemeteries from which the main lines of the development of Euboean vase-painting in the sixth and fifth centuries can be established. So owing to the lack of external evidence, research on the subject continues to advance in a haphazard fashion and consists to a great extent in guesswork based on scanty material, as has recently been pointed out by Dietrich von Bothmer in his ‘Euboean Black-figure in New York’, the latest contribution to the subject. I wish here to add some more to the small corpus of vases already attributed, observing their relationship to the three great Eretrian amphorae in Athens and to one another.

Vibrational lifetimes in liquids

For the first time the vibrational population lifetime of simple normal modes of polyatomic molecules in liquids has been directly measured, according to the experimenters, Alfred Laubereau, Dietrich von der Linde and Wolfgang Kaiser (Munich Technical University). Earlier the vibrational dephasing lifetime in both liquids and solids had been measured by the Munich group, who studied polyatomic molecules in liquids and lattice vibrations in diamond, and by Robert Alfano and Stanley Shapiro (General Telephone and Electronics), who measured lattice vibration lifetimes in calcite and molecular vibrational lifetimes in liquid nitrogen. Some observers believe that the technique opens a new field for the study of molecular relaxations in liquids and optical phonon relaxations in solids.

Control of ventilation during speech

ARTICLESControl of ventilation during speechJ. C. Bunn, and J. MeadJ. C. Bunn, and J. MeadPublished Online:01 Dec 1971https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1971.31.6.870MoreSectionsPDF (764 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInEmailWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformationCited ByOptoelectronic Plethysmography has Improved our Knowledge of Respiratory Physiology and Pathophysiology5 December 2008 | Sensors, Vol. 8, No. 12Effects of hypercapnia and hypocapnia on ventilatory variability and the chaotic dynamics of ventilatory flow in humansMarie-Noëlle Fiamma, Christian Straus, Sylvain Thibault, Marc Wysocki, Pierre Baconnier, and Thomas Similowski1 May 2007 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 292, No. 5Facilitation of the diaphragm response to transcranial magnetic stimulation by increases in human respiratory driveC. Straus, C. Locher, M. Zelter, J.-P. Derenne, and T. Similowski1 September 2004 | Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 97, No. 3Oscillations of heart rate and respiration synchronize during poetry recitationDirk Cysarz, Dietrich von Bonin, Helmut Lackner, Peter Heusser, Maximilian Moser, and Henrik Bettermann1 August 2004 | American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol. 287, No. 2Comparative Effects of Two Ventilatory Modes on Speech in Tracheostomized Patients with Neuromuscular DiseaseAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 167, No. 2The effects of speech production on physiologic responses during submaximal exerciseMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 34, No. 8Modulation of the corticospinal control of ventilation by changes in reflex respiratory driveD. R. Corfield, C. A. Roberts, A. Guz, K. Murphy, and L. Adams1 November 1999 | Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 87, No. 5Effect of continuous swallowing on respirationRespiration Physiology, Vol. 95, No. 2Inspiratory Speech as a Management Option for Spastic Dysphonia29 June 2016 | Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, Vol. 101, No. 5The limitation of exercise ventilation during speechRespiration Physiology, Vol. 46, No. 2Periodic Rhythms in Conversational Speech18 August 2016 | Language and Speech, Vol. 22, No. 4 More from this issue > Volume 31Issue 6December 1971Pages 870-872 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1971 the American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1971.31.6.870PubMed5123666History Published online 1 December 1971 Published in print 1 December 1971 Metrics

The Encyclical HUMANAE VITAE: A Sign of Contradiction. By Dietrich von Hildebrand. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press, 1969. 49 pp. $1.50

Journal Article The Encyclical HUMANAE VITAE: A Sign of Contradiction. By Dietrich von Hildebrand. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press, 1969. 49 pp. $1.50 Get access Harold W. Osborne Harold W. Osborne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Church and State, Volume 12, Issue 3, Autumn 1970, Pages 536–537, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/12.3.536-a Published: 01 October 1970

The Greek Kitchen: Addenda

Since the publication of ‘The Greek Kitchen’ inJHSlxxxii (1962) 121–137, fresh material for the Appendix (pp. 132–137) has come to light, mainly in the shape of terracottas which were unknown to me at the time, and I take this opportunity of correcting and adding to the original list. A number of pieces listed below were brought to my notice by Dietrich von Bothmer, of the Metropolitan Museum, New York (nos. 14, 15A, 30A, 33A, 33B), with whom I had two valuable discussions; for knowledge of no. 53B, I am indebted to Mademoiselle V. Verhoogen, of the Musées d'Art et Histoire, Brussels. Others to whom I am indebted for information and help with photographs, are: Madame Lilly Ginouvès, of the Louvre; Miss Elaine Loeffler, of the Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence; Signorina Paola Pelagatti, of the National Museum, Syracuse; Jean Balty, of the Brussels Museum; Bernard von Bothmer, of the Brooklyn Museum; P. Devambez, of the Louvre; R. Noll, of the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna; A. Oliver, of the Metropolitan Museum, New York; N. Raumschüssel, of the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden. Miss Alison Frantz took the photographs of nos. 45 and 74, here plate XXIX.2, for which many thanks are given, Mrs A. D. Ure was assiduous in lending rare books, and Miss Lucy Talcott made valuable suggestions on the subject of the Vienna lekythos.

Strasburger's Textbook of Botany. Rewritten by Richard Harder, Walter Schumacher, Franz Firbas, and Dietrich von Denffer. Translated from the 28th German edition (Stuttgart, 1962) by Peter Bell and David Coombe. Longmans, Green, London, 1965. xviii + 846 pp. Illus. 84s

Strasburger's Textbook of Botany. Rewritten by Richard Harder, Walter Schumacher, Franz Firbas, and Dietrich von Denffer. Translated from the 28th German edition (Stuttgart, 1962) by Peter Bell and David Coombe. Longmans, Green, London, 1965. xviii + 846 pp. Illus. 84s

A South Italian Fragment in New York

In 1958 the Metropolitan Museum received as a gift from Mr. Joseph V. Noble fragments of three large Early South Italian vases, which the donor had acquired from the collection of the late Dr. Jacob Hirsch. Two of these vases are already known,' and, thanks to the kindness of Dr. Dietrich von Bothmer, the Curator of the Department of Greek and Roman Art, it is now my privilege to offer this brief study of the third as a tribute to Gisela Richter. It consists of six joining fragments2 which give part of the design on the front of what must have been a large hydria, together with a portion of the palmettes below the handle to right. The scene, as preserved, is on two levels (plate 93, figs. 1-2), separated by rising ground represented by a wavy white line. Below are two women standing beside a laver--of the one to left only the front of the head remains, together with her extended right hand, in which she holds up a mirror; the other woman is complete as far as the knees and is putting on her dress after her bath, while she looks in the mirror to make the necessary adjustments. Her right arm, encircled by a snake-bracelet, is held out in a gesture to the mirror-holder; her left is enveloped in the chiton above her shoulder, as she prepares to drape the garment over her body, the upper part of which is still uncovered, exposing her right breast. Her hair is tied up in a sash (sphendone), with a bunch sticking out at the back, and arranged in waves over the brow. She wears a bead necklace with three drop-pendants and earrings, all in added white relief. Beside her stands Eros, holding a mirror in each hand; the small one in his right was originally in added white, which has now disappeared. Ac oss his body and over his right shoulder is a beaded bandolier; arou d his head was a white wreath, of which only faint traces now remain. Above, half-hidden by the rising ground, is a peeping Pan (pl. 93, fig. i), w ose left hand holds a syrinx (in added white and mostly gone) while his right is held up to his

Ancient Art from New York Private Collections. Catalogue of an exhibition held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, December 17, 1959–February 28, 1960. By Dietrich von Bothmer.

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsAncient Art from New York Private Collections. Catalogue of an exhibition held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, December 17, 1959–February 28, 1960. By Dietrich von Bothmer.Dorothy Kent HillDorothy Kent Hill Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Archaeology Volume 66, Number 1January 1962 The journal of the Archaeological Institute of America Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/501502 Copyright © 1962 by the Archaeological Institute of America. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:CHRISTIAN Erma. By Dietrich von HddcbrandNatural Religion and Christian Theology. By Victor Murray.Prophecy and Religion in Ancient China and Israel. By H. H. Rowley.Ortega y Gasset. By José Ferratcr Mora.A New Testament Commentary, Vol. III. By R. A. Knox.AESCHYLCS, THE ORESTEIAN TRILOGY. Translated by P u p Vellacott.THE BURNING TREE: Pocms from the first thousand years of Welsh verse. Selected and translated by Gwyn Waams.LORD BYRON'S MARRIAGE. By G. Wilson Knight.What Automation Does to Human Beings. By George Soule.Automation: Friend or Foe? By R. H. Macmillan.Science Awakening. By B. L. van der Waerdcn.Scientific Humanism and Christian Thought. By D. Dubarle, o.p.The Life of Arthur Stanley Eddington. By A. Vibcrt Douglas.An Approach to Modern Physics. By E. N. da C. Andrade.A Fifteenth‐Century School Book. Edited by William Nelson.The Building of Malta during the Period of the Knights of St John of Jerusalem, i 530–1795. By Quentin Hughes.Italian Art, Life and Landscape. By Bernard Wall.Argentina. By George Pendle.The Mind and Art of Coventry Patmore. By J. C. Reid.Racine: Confessions; Unpublished Sonnets.Introduction to Mistral. By Richard Aldington.Folksong‐Plainsong: A Study in Origins and Musical Relationships. By G. B. Chambers.

True Morality and its Counterfeits by Dietrich von Hildebrand, Alice Jourdain

106 BOOK REVIEWS and adequately grounded. The probable reasons alleged are in fact rooted in the operations of divine grace after loss of consciousness or, in other words, in the divine mercy, as well as in the possible and variable human factors attendant upon the unconscious state. The sacraments have been instituted as sensible signs; especially in the case of Penance some sensible communication of interior disposition is a sacramental necessity, according to the Thomists. From the viewpoint of the sacraments the probabilities alleged in the explanation of Fr. Doronzo's position are merely possibilities and thus an insufficient basis for sacramental administration. The final chapter on the Minister of Extreme Unction includes a treatment of the sources and extent of the priest's obligation to administer the sacrament of the dying. Dominican House of Studies, Washington, D. C. NICHOLAS HALLIGAN, 0. P. True Morality and its Counterfeits. By DIETRICH voN HILDEBRAND with ALICE JouRDAIN. New York: David McKay Co., 1956. Pp. 181. $3.00. Since the publication of this work, Roma locuta est concerning its principal subject matter, situation ethics. This apparently modem position, but really nothing more than an emotionally charged version of the ancient heresy of Illuminism, has received the censure of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office (Acta Apostolicae Sedis, XXXXVIII, pp. 144-145). The condemnation was presaged by the allocution of the Holy Father given in April of 195~ to the Federation Mondiale de Jeunesses Feminines Catholiques. Dr. Von Hildebrand has wisely based his analysis and criticism of situation ethics upon the doctrine contained in this allocution . While not cast in the form of a commentary on the papal pronouncement , reductively True Morality and its Counterfeits, insofar as it treats of situation ethics, amounts to just that, a very lucid, penetrating presentation of the Pope's verdict on the "New Morality." Eminently successful in its principal goal of criticizing circumstance ethics in such a way as to refute in detail its disastrous errors while safeguarding and, to the extent possible, profiting from the truth it exploits, the book has not attained the same degree of success in its secondary and subsidiary aims. Spawned by existentialism, circumstance ethics, like its progenitor, is a form of protest, specifically a protest against mediocre, conventional Christians, our modern Pharisees. Dr. Von Hildebrand has treated the various aspects of this revolt in several chapters by drawing caricatures of the classical moral Pharisee and the mitigated derivatives of Pharisaism, the diverse types of self-righteous people. An air of unreality BOOK REVIEWS 107 hovers about the delineation of these characters-and the attempt to analyze their psychology of moral conduct, for the characters have been too overdrawn ; so much so that they are definitely unreal, the author's own mental fictions. It seems that the author in this case has been carried away from diligent and careful observation of real persons by his own rhetorical creations. As a result, the fundamental reason for treating these moral types: to discover the element of sin that makes them reprehensible and a foil to portray the humility of the publican, the humble sinner, lacks the emphasis that a brief and concise statement would have made possible. Real threats to moral integrity should be treated realistically without rhetorical device or substitute. Again, situation ethics pleads its case for moral acceptability on the grounds that it gives full respect to the spirit of the law in preference to the letter and as a result more perfectly enjoys the true freedom of the spirit of the Christian life. Both claims are considered by the author in separate chapters and both are soundly refuted. But the mode of refutation gives reasons for pause. As in his previous works, Dr. Von Hildebrand is not content to approach the problem from the established principles of formal moral theology or ethics.. Instead, his phenomenological bent of mind demands long and detailed investigation of single instances where letter and spirit may be distinguished, where they coincide, where they may be antithetical, etc. While this method may well produce, under ideal circumstances, good results, obviously the fruits cannot be imparted to others without complete presentation of the analysis undertaken, step by...