Dielectric Layer Research Articles

Comprehensively Modulated Sub-Attojoule Operated Optoelectronic Synapses for Image Encryption and Inpainting.

High-performance optoelectronic synaptic transistors play a crucial role in developing and emulating artificial visual systems. However, due to the predominant use of single-structure material modulation in optimizing optoelectronic synapses, their energy consumption significantly trails behind that of electronic synapses by several orders of magnitude. Herein, polymer dielectric layers and optimized contact strategies are adopted to realize the ultralow consumption optoelectronic synapses. Integration of polyimide dielectric significantly enhances photogenerated charge carrier dissociation, leading to substantial improvements in photoresponsivity (1.5 × 106 A·W-1), photodetectivity (6.9 × 1012 Jones), and external quantum efficiency (4.0 × 108%). Additionally, optimized contact properties augment their appeal for ultralow energy consumption in optoelectronic synapse applications. Excitatory postsynaptic current is triggered at an incredibly low voltage of 5 μV and boosts an impressively low energy consumption of 0.05 aJ, ranking among the best-reported results in this field. Next, we demonstrate an integrated system combining the MoS2 optoelectronic synapses with a recurrent neural network enabling 100% accurate recognition of optical signals, particularly in scenarios with aJ-leveled energy consumption. Finally, an image encryption system has been developed, in which images are encrypted by photoelectronic conversion of synapse arrays with random voltage settings and decrypted according to the recurrent neural network-based accuracy. More importantly, once partially damaged images are encrypted, through the decryption image inpainting can be realized due to the high accuracy. The proposed innovative approach holds promise for advancing artificial intelligence applications with improved energy efficiency, information security, and computational capabilities.

Proton-Irradiation Effects and Reliability on GaN-Based MIS-HEMTs.

A comprehensive study of proton irradiation reliability on a bilayer dielectrics SiNx/Al2O3 MIS-HEMT, the common Schottky gate HEMT, and a single dielectric layer MIS-HEMT with SiNx and with Al2O3 for comparison is conducted in this paper. Combining the higher displacement threshold energy of Al2O3 with the better surface passivation of the SiNx layer, the bilayer dielectrics MIS-HEMT presents much smaller degradation of structural materials and of device electrical performance after proton irradiation. Firstly, the least of the defects caused by irradiation suggesting the smallest structural material degradation is observed in the bilayer dielectrics MIS-HEMT through simulations. Then, DC and RF electrical performance of four kinds of devices before and after proton irradiation are studied through simulation and experiments. The smallest threshold voltage degradation rate, the smallest maximum on-current degradation and Gm degradation, the largest cut-off frequency, and the lowest cut-off frequency degradation are found in the bilayer dielectrics MIS-HEMT among four kinds of devices. The degradation results of both structural materials and electrical performance reveal that the bilayer dielectrics MIS-HEMT performs best after irradiation and had better radiation resilience.

Ultrabroadband coherent perfect absorption with composite graphene metasurfaces.

We investigate the design and performance of a new multilayer graphene metasurface for achieving ultrabroadband coherent perfect absorption (CPA) in the THz regime. The proposed structure comprises three graphene patterned metasurfaces separated by thin dielectric spacer layers. The top and bottom metasurfaces have crossed shape unit cells of varying sizes, while the middle graphene metasurface is square-shaped. This distinctive geometrical asymmetry and the presence of multiple layers within the structure facilitate the achievement of wideband asymmetric reflection under incoherent illumination. This interesting property serves as a crucial step towards achieving near-total absorption under coherent illumination across a broad frequency range. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the absorption efficiency surpasses 90% across an ultrabroadband frequency range from 2.8 to 5.7 THz, i.e., a bandwidth of 2.9 THz. The CPA effect can be selectively tuned by manipulating the phase difference between the two incident coherent beams. Moreover, the absorption response can be dynamically adjusted by altering the Fermi level of graphene. The study also examines the influence of geometric parameters on the absorption characteristics. The results of this research work offer valuable insights into the design of broadband graphene metasurfaces for coherent absorption applications, and they contribute to the advancement of sophisticated optical devices operating in the THz frequency range.

Optimum Design of InGaN Blue Laser Diodes with Indium-Tin-Oxide and Dielectric Cladding Layers.

The efficiency of current GaN-based blue laser diodes (LDs) is limited by the high resistance of a thick p-AlGaN cladding layer. To reduce the operation voltage of InGaN blue LDs, we investigated optimum LD structures with an indium tin oxide (ITO) partial cladding layer using numerical simulations of LD device characteristics such as laser power, forward voltage, and wall-plug efficiency (WPE). The wall-plug efficiency of the optimized structure with the ITO layer was found to increase by more than 20% relative to the WPE of conventional LD structures. In the optimum design, the thickness of the p-AlGaN layer decreased from 700 to 150 nm, resulting in a significantly reduced operation voltage and, hence, increased WPE. In addition, we have proposed a new type of GaN-based blue LD structure with a dielectric partial cladding layer to further reduce the optical absorption of a lasing mode. The p-cladding layer of the proposed structure consisted of SiO2, ITO, and p-AlGaN layers. In the optimized structure, the total thickness of the ITO and p-AlGaN layers was less than 100 nm, leading to significantly improved slope efficiency and operation voltage. The WPE of the optimized structure was increased relatively by 25% compared to the WPE of conventional GaN-based LD structures with a p-AlGaN cladding layer. The investigated LD structures employing the ITO and SiO2 cladding layers are expected to significantly enhance the WPE of high-power GaN-based blue LDs.

The Influence of Rock Thermal Stress on the Morphology and Expansion Pattern of the Plastic Zone in the Surrounding Rock of a Deep-Buried Tunnel under High Geothermal Temperature Conditions

The extent of the plastic zone is critical in determining the stability and extent of damage to the surrounding rock in tunnels, crucial for designing support structures and thermal insulation layers. This study focuses on understanding how rock thermal stress affects the expansion of the plastic zone in deep-buried tunnels subjected to high geothermal temperatures, based on the derivation of the boundary line formula of the plastic zone in a high geothermal tunnel, and combined with the test results of the hydraulic fracturing method in a high geothermal tunnel of the Bulunkou Hydropower Station in Xinjiang. The findings indicate that thermal stress in the rock mass slows the growth of the plastic zone but significantly increases its extent. However, the influence of thermal stress on the shape and size of the plastic zone is less significant compared to the lateral pressure coefficient. In conditions of high geothermal temperature and geostress, rock mass thermal stress induces substantial changes in the morphology and extent of the plastic zone, which cannot be overlooked and can lead to significant errors if not properly considered. The theoretical formulas derived from engineering analysis, along with observed patterns of plastic zone expansion, demonstrate practical applicability.

Performance enhancements of HTS power cables by minimizing the electric field enhancements for electric transport applications

Abstract Design innovations to manage the electric field enhancements and successful use of cryogenic epoxy EP37 as electrical insulation for high temperature superconducting (HTS) cables for electric aircraft applications are reported. Detailed finite element analysis (FEA) of the electric field distribution shows that the highest electric field is at the interface of the ground and electrical insulation layers. The FEA led to the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of four model cables with stress cones and a direct bond of the ground and insulation layers. Enhanced partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) was achieved in the model cables by minimizing the electric field enhancements at the ground layer interface. Using a helium gas mixture with 4 mol% H2, with higher intrinsic dielectric strength than pure helium, further enhanced the PDIV. The results warrant further studies on long HTS cables with EP37 as electrical insulation with a direct bond between the insulation and ground layers.

Analysis and Application of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Nanofiber Membrane-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

The triboelectric property of materials is used to harvest energy from intentional or nonintentional sources of vibration. Contact mode freestanding dielectric based nanogenerators (CFTENGs) have many advantages when compared with other modes of triboelectric nanogenerators. The property of dielectric materials plays an important role in the energy harvesting process. In this work, we aim to fabricate nanofiber membranes of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and study their properties for CFTENGs. The morphology and porosity of both membranes were tested experimentally. The mechanical property is modeled with a representative volume element (RVE) technique to understand its deflection behavior. In addition, an electromechanical model is developed to predict and analyze the behavior of those membranes in the energy conversion process. Our research reveals that the PAN dielectric layer achieves a maximum open circuit voltage of 192 kV compared to the PVA dielectric layer (2.2 kV) in the CFTENG system. In comparison, the dielectric layer of the PAN nanofiber membrane reflects its flexibility to generate electrical energy in a CFTENG with the effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction under various sources of unused energies for a wide range of applications. Moreover, the same methodology is applied to various sources of vibration, and their performance is reported. With an appropriate power management circuit, we can design a PAN membrane-based TENG for various applications.

Terahertz Meta-Mirror with Scalable Reflective Passband by Decoupling of Cascaded Metasurfaces

Electromagnetic metasurfaces have been playing exotic roles in the construction of ultracompact and versatile metadevices for wave–matter interactions. So far, multiple metasurfaces cascaded with intercouplings have been intensively investigated for extraordinary wavefront control and broadband spectral regulations. However, most cases face high structural complexity and little attention is paid to cascaded metasurfaces without interlayer couplings. In this paper, we demonstrate one type of terahertz Bragg mirror with ideally high reflectivity and ultra-broad bandwidth by simply resorting to decoupled metasurfaces. Cascaded metasurfaces with decoupled mode control prove practically straightforward for analytical design and easy to fabricate for engineering purpose in our scheme. Essentially, by flexibly tuning the decoupled metasurface mode, the middle Fabry–Perot mode that behaves like a defect mode inside the reflective passband can be eliminated for substantial band expanding. Fundamental analyses and rigorous calculations are performed to confirm the feasibility of our metasurface-based THz Bragg mirror with scalable bandgap. In comparison, our meta-mirror provides superior spectral performance of a larger bandgap and higher in-band reflectivity over that composed by ten layers of alternate dielectrics (Rogers 3003 and 3005). Finally, our analytical methodology and numerical results provide a promising way for the rapid design and fabrication of a Bragg mirror in the optical regime.

Investigation on Overvoltage Distribution in Stator Windings of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Turbines

The PWM voltage pulses output by the inverter reaches the stator winding of the wind turbine generator through the cable. Due to the impedance mismatch between the motor and the cable, the voltage at the motor end rises under the action of the circuit wave process; on the other hand, electromagnetic oscillation occurs within the motor winding. Higher overvoltage is generated under the combined effect of both, which greatly accelerates the aging and breakdown of the insulation layer of the permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine. In this paper, a three-dimensional electromagnetic model of the permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine generator is established. The distribution circuit parameters of the stator winding of the permanent magnet machine are calculated using the finite element method, and its circuit model is based. The voltage distribution of the stator winding under different PWM excitations is investigated by simulation software, and the effects of the time of the rising edge and the pulse width of the PWM pulse on the stator winding voltage to ground and the turn-to-turn voltage distribution are studied. The results show that the effect of the rising edge time is larger when the rising edge time is shorter, the maximum voltage to ground occurs in the first coil, and the amplitude can be up to 1.5 times of the output voltage. When the rising edge time is longer, the maximum voltage to ground occurs in the end coil, and the amplitude is slightly higher than the output voltage. The trend of turn-to-turn voltage variation is similar for different rising edges; only the maximum turn-to-turn voltage amplitude is different. Pulse width has a small effect on overvoltage and only occurs when the pulse width is less than 10 μs. The research results of this paper are of great significance in revealing the aging and breakdown mechanism of the generator stator insulation, as well as the insulation coordination and design.

Optimization of the inverted "T"-shaped double-layer subwavelength grating design integrated on an InSb detector

Polarization detectors have significant applications in fields such as target background contrast enhancement and free-space optical communication. While the technology for polarization detection using polarizers and waveplates added to detector lenses is well-established, there is still limited research on on-chip integrated polarization detection based on hypersurface technology. In this paper, we present a novel inverted "T"-shaped double-layer subwavelength grating structure, integrated into an InSb detector for polarization detection in the mid-infrared wavelength region (3–5 μm). This structure primarily consists of a high refractive index dielectric layer and a subwavelength grating layer, which together improve the grating's transmittance and extinction ratio. Using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, we simulate and optimize the effects of various grating parameters on polarization performance. The results show that the optimized grating achieves a TM wave transmittance of nearly 80% within the 3–5 μm wavelength range, with an extinction ratio exceeding 45 dB, and is suitable for a wide range of incidence angles from 0° to 70°.

Enhancing the Performance of MoS2 Field-Effect Transistors Using Self-Assembled Monolayers: A Promising Strategy to Alleviate Dielectric Layer Scattering and Improve Device Performance.

Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D-MoS2) have great potential in electronic and optoelectronic applications, but the performances of these devices still face challenges such as scattering at the contact interface, which results in reduced mobility. In this work, we fabricated high-performance MoS2-FETs by inserting self-assembling monolayers (SAMs) between MoS2 and a SiO2 dielectric layer. The interface properties of MoS2/SiO2 were studied after the inductions of three different SAM structures including (perfluorophenyl)methyl phosphonic acid (PFPA), (4-aminobutyl) phosphonic acid (ABPA), and octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA). The SiO2/ABPA/MoS2-FET exhibited significantly improved performances with the highest mobility of 528.7 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is 7.5 times that of SiO2/MoS2-FET, and an on/off ratio of ~106. Additionally, we investigated the effects of SAM molecular dipole vectors on device performances using density functional theory (DFT). Moreover, the first-principle calculations showed that ABPA SAMs reduced the frequencies of acoustic and optical phonons in the SiO2 dielectric layer, thereby suppressing the phonon scattering to the MoS2 channel and further improving the device's performance. This work provided a strategy for high-performance MoS2-FET fabrication by improving interface properties.

Nonreciprocity in transmission mode with planar structures for arbitrarily polarized light [Invited

Approaching thermodynamic limits in light harvesting requires enabling nonreciprocal thermal emission. The majority of previously reported nonreciprocal thermal emitters operate in reflection mode, following original proposals by M. Green [Nano Lett. 12, 5985 (2012)10.1021/nl3034784] and others. In these proposals, cascaded nonreciprocal junctions that re-direct each junction’s emission towards a subsequent one are employed for efficient light-harvesting. Recently, simplified concepts have been proposed in solar photovoltaics and thermophotovoltaics, respectively, that leverage the concept of tandem junctions to approach thermodynamic limits. In these simplified scenarios, polarization-independent nonreciprocal response in transmission mode is required. We propose a pattern-free heterostructure that enables such functionality, using a magneto-optical material embedded between two dissimilar dielectric layers.

Thermal Performance and Building Energy Simulation of Precast Insulation Walls in Two Climate Zones

Traditional concrete buildings exhibit low energy consumption and high heat loss, which results in a larger environmental problem. Precast insulation walls are proposed for strengthening thermal insulation efficiency and mitigating heat loss. Numerous studies have investigated the thermal performance of insulation walls over the past decades. However, gaps remain in practical engineering applications. This study aims to bridge these gaps by providing practical design recommendations based on experimental research. Nine different types of precast insulation walls were tested to examine the thermal performance, and the parameters of the insulation material, insulation form, insulation layer thickness, and concrete rib width were investigated. Then, numerical models of these walls were developed for simulating the thermal performance of the tested specimens. Finally, a six-story student apartment model using designed walls was developed to assess energy consumption in two distinct climate zones: the hot summer and cold winter zone of Changsha City, and the cold zone of Harbin City. The results indicate that the precast insulation wall with external insulation form shows better thermal performance than the sandwich insulation form. It is recommended to use precast insulation walls with 50 mm extruded polystyrene (XPS) external thermal insulation form in Changsha City and 80 mm XPS external thermal insulation form in Harbin City. Furthermore, buildings using precast insulation walls can significantly reduce energy consumption by 49.25% in Changsha and 49.38% in Harbin compared to traditional concrete wall buildings. Based on these findings, suitable design suggestions for this precast concrete wall panel building composed of insulation walls are given.

Local high temperature phenomena near the complex interfaces of thermal barrier coatings based on non-Fourier model

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) consist of a metal substrate (Sub), a bond coat (BC), and a ceramic top coat (TC). The ceramic coating is a porous dielectric layer with a significant relaxation time that cannot be ignored. In high-temperature environments, an irregularly shaped thermally grown oxide layer (TGO) forms between the BC and the TC. Therefore, using non-Fourier model to describe the thermal contact process of TBCs with complex interface can get more accurate results. However, it is difficult to obtain the analytical solution of this model. This paper introduces a finite volume method based on unstructured meshes to address the non-Fourier heat transfer process in the complex interfaces of multilayer TBCs. The gradient reconstruction technique is employed to calculate the cell derivatives on the surface. The method's reliability is confirmed through a comparison with a two-dimensional analytical solution. The results indicate that the thermal wave travels at a limited speed within the TC layer. After passing through the interface, the thermal wave travels very fast within the BC and Sub layers, due to the influence of thermal wave reflection and superposition, obvious local high temperature will be formed near the interface. In addition, the effects of thermal conductivity, relaxation time and interface shapes on the non-Fourier heat conduction process of TBCs are also discussed. The results of this paper are useful for the structural design and failure mechanism research in TBCs.

Design and theoretical analysis of near-infrared multiband metamaterial absorber with concentric sub-resonators for solar applications

Metamaterial absorbers with multiple frequency bands can be designed by stacking sub-resonators vertically or arranging them co-planarly. However, to increase the number of absorption peaks, we often need more sub-resonators. Therefore, a study explores dynamic infrared multiband metamaterial absorbers to enhance electromagnetic wave absorption and addresses tunability challenges by utilizing a periodic sub-wavelength structure-based unit cell. The novel design comprises a concentric triangular strip within a central hollow of a square patch, with four hollow cylindrical spaces at the patch corners, each containing four small square pillars. The design comprises a metal–dielectric–metal architecture, with silver as the top patch and the ground metal layer separated by a thin magnesium fluoride dielectric layer. A temperature-controlled material vanadium dioxide layer is introduced below the upper metal layer to enhance the absorbance. Moreover, extensive parametric investigations have been conducted involving the manipulation of shape while keeping other dimensions constant. The goal is achieving perfect multiple absorptions within the 90–300 THz frequency range, ensuring impedance match and exhibiting plasmonic resonance characteristics. The study also investigates unit cell behavior regarding polarization and incident angle variations. Simulations are conducted using CST Microwave Studio Suite® with finite integration technology and validated with COMSOL Multiphysics® using the finite element method in the frequency domain. The simulated results reveal multiple absorption peaks in the terahertz range, averaging 98.32% with a maximum absorption of up to 99.99% and exhibiting high absorption coefficients at discrete resonance frequencies, suggesting promising applications in terahertz technology-related fields.

A theoretical model to predict the cooling effect of sprayed polymer under hydro-thermal condition

With the implementation of China’s western development strategy, the number of tunnels located in high geothermal regions has significantly increased. Thus, the cooling of high geothermal tunnels has become a key issue. This paper investigates the cooling effect of sprayed polyurethane foam (SPF) with different properties and under environmental conditions. A theoretical model is proposed to predict the cooling effect of SPF. Accurate characterization of the cooling effect along with the polymer properties and temperature based on the relationship between thermal conductivity and temperature can help to establish relationships such as the thermal insulation-temperature relationship. The results reveal that the experimental and theoretical estimation of the cooling effect of SPF exhibits an error of less than 10 %. Therefore, a theoretical model is developed on the thermal-insulation performance of SPF. The temperature inside the thermal insulation layer (TIL) decreases with increasing SPF thickness and convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC). There is an optimum foam thickness range (5 ∼ 10 cm) for the most stable cooling effect. In addition, the long-term stable thermal insulation performance proves that the polymer can be considered as a thermal insulation material, as the temperature inside the TIL remains at 30 °C for 30 days. Furthermore, a TIL thickness calculation formula and a TIL thickness sizing table can be completed to guide on-site construction.

Highly Sensitive and Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors Combined with Porous Structure and Hole Array Using Sacrificial Templates and Laser Ablation.

Flexible, wearable pressure sensors offer numerous benefits, including superior sensing capabilities, a lightweight and compact design, and exceptional conformal properties, making them highly sought after in various applications including medical monitoring, human-computer interactions, and electronic skins. Because of their excellent characteristics, such as simple fabrication, low power consumption, and short response time, capacitive pressure sensors have received widespread attention. As a flexible polymer material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used in the preparation of dielectric layers for capacitive pressure sensors. The Young's modulus of the flexible polymer can be effectively decreased through the synergistic application of sacrificial template and laser ablation techniques, thereby improving the functionality of capacitive pressure sensors. In this study, a novel sensor was introduced. Its dielectric layer was developed through a series of processes, including the use of a sacrificial template method using NaCl microparticles and subsequent CO2 laser ablation. This porous PDMS dielectric layer, featuring an array of holes, was then sandwiched between two flexible electrodes to create a capacitive pressure sensor. The sensor demonstrates a sensitivity of 0.694 kPa-1 within the pressure range of 0-1 kPa and can effectively detect pressures ranging from 3 Pa to 200 kPa. The sensor demonstrates stability for up to 500 cycles, with a rapid response time of 96 ms and a recovery time of 118 ms, coupled with a low hysteresis of 6.8%. Furthermore, our testing indicates that the sensor possesses limitless potential for use in detecting human physiological activities and delivering signals.

Perovskite manganese oxide-based superposed multilayer film with high emittance tunability for smart radiation devices

Smart radiation devices (SRDs) with the ability to switch emittance according to the radiator surface’s temperature are significant for spacecraft thermal control on exploration missions with drastic changes in thermal environments. However, it is quite urgent to improve the performance of the intelligent thermal control films in SRDs due to the limitations such as low emittance tunability and inappropriate phase transition temperature. Consequently, a film with self-adaptive infrared emittance based on anti-reflective design is proposed in this paper. The main structure is a superposed multilayer film based on a doped perovskite manganese oxide La0.825Sr0.175MnO3 (LSMO) and BaF2 stacks. The emittances of the designed multilayer film are 0.18 and 0.83 at the temperatures of 100 K and 295 K, and therefore the emittance tunability achieves 0.65. Compared with single-layer LSMO, the emittance tunability has increased 25 % approximately. The enhancement in emittance tunability can be explained by the fact that multilayer films with staggered low and high refractive index dielectric layers may cause destructive interference and suppress the Fresnel reflections at high temperatures. In addition, the thickness of dielectric part is carefully designed to avoid the formation of high emissivity Fabry-Perot (FP) resonance when LSMO switches to metallic state at low temperatures. This perovskite manganese oxide-based multilayer film exhibits remarkable intelligent thermal control properties. It provides a significant opportunity to improve the performance of SRDs and a promising potential for maintaining the optimal operating temperature of the spacecraft.

Theoretical investigation of enhanced terahertz metamaterial absorber integrated with blocked-impurity-band detector

Blocked-impurity-band (BIB) device becomes a prevalent terahertz detection technology, but its overall optical performance, such as quantum efficiency, is constrained by the thickness of the absorption layer. Metamaterial absorbers can effectively concentrate and absorb terahertz waves at a subwavelength scale, and their ultra-thin thickness facilitates device integration. A multi-band metamaterial absorber is developed and simulated tailored for the working band of Ge-doped BIB detectors. The design is founded on a three-layer structure with Ti rectangular resonator, Ge dielectric layer, and Ti reflective layer. This configuration achieves two absorption peaks at 74.16 μm and 92.09 μm, with optical absorption reaching 95.66% and 97.29%, respectively. The operating wavelength can be regulated by altering the geometric parameters of the rectangular resonator, and it exhibits angle-insensitive properties under small-angle incidence. These findings enhance the application of BIB detectors in terahertz detection technology, potentially improving their performance in deep space exploration.

Starfish-inspired ultrasensitive piezoresistive pressure sensor with an ultra-wide detection range for healthcare and intelligent production

Flexible pressure sensors have attracted significant attention due to their wide range of applications in various fields (e.g., robotis, healthcare, and human–machine interfaces). However, achieving both high sensitivity and a wide detection range remains a challenge. Here, we propose a novel starfish-inspired ultrasensitive piezoresistive pressure sensor capable of detecting an extensive range of pressures. The sensor’s design incorporates high and low spine structures inspired by the surface of a starfish, efficiently preventing rapid saturation of detection range and expanding the response range. Unlike single-material nanofiber structures, the ultrathin and ultrasensitive layer, fabricated using PEDOT: PSS/TPU nanofibers, possesses a large surface area ratio and numerous contact points. This allows for a quick increase in conductive channels when pressure is applied. The intertwining of PEDOT: PSS fibers with TPU fibers enhances both the mechanical strength of the fiber membrane and the initial resistance of the sensor, thereby increasing its sensitivity. Additionally, PVA fibers are fabricated over the interdigital electrode to serve as insulation layer for controlling resistance change between the sensitive layer and the electrode. Importantly, the interaction between the PVA fibers and the PEDOT: PSS/TPU fibers alters the deformation behavior of the sensitive layer fibers, further enhancing the performance of the sensor. The fabricated sensor demonstrates exceptional sensitivity (302.9 kPa−1), an extensive detection range of 0–426.7 kPa, and remarkable endurance of over 7,000 cycles at 110 kPa, rendering it a device with great potential for precise pressure sensing applications in health monitoring and intelligent production.