Dictionary Of Psychology Research Articles

Cleaning the Medical Misinformation Mess

Cleaning the Medical Misinformation Mess

Verbal Qualitative Information from Social Networks and Stock Performance of Tunisian Financial Companies

Social networks have invaded our world and changed the way we communicate. Even the financial world has turned to social media, with Twitter leading the way. As a result, social media is becoming an undeniable tool that affects the stock market. In this study, we consulted the articles published on the facebook page ilboursa of Tunis. The published articles contain an announcement of the news of the movements of the shares of the listed companies by using negative and positive words. Our database is composed by a manual counting of these qualitative verbal information. We used the list of words of the psychological dictionary "Harvard-IV-4". Our research focuses on 26 Tunisian financial companies listed on the Tunis Stock Exchange, over a one-year horizon, from 01 January 2015 until 31 December 2015. We used the GMM (Generalized Method of Moment) on dynamic panel. The generalized method of moments analyzes two models in which five days of delay of the dependent variable appear as explanatory variable. The results of the study are twofold. First, the Tunis stock exchange seems to react positively to positive qualitative information. Second, it reacts negatively to negative qualitative information. Among other things, the impact of stock returns on information is quite important. It is always necessary to master the tool of social networks to disseminate good and relevant qualitative financial information on the financial market.

Анализ трактовок понятия «мышление»

The article offers an overview of the interpretations of the concept of «thinking». A fundamentally new, contextual, form of the definition of the concept of «thinking» is considered. A vector model of generic definition is introduced. Using it, an analysis of the «measure of proximity» of generic definitions of thinking is proposed. For this, generic definitions and certain types of specific parts of the considered definitions are singled out and considered separately. In addition, a negative trend in changing the interpretation of the concept of «thinking» was stated. Thus, the considered generic definitions of the concept of thinking within the same generic component will differ on the basis of essential specific characteristics. As a result, the hypothesis about the impossibility of interpreting the concept of «thinking», set out in the psychological dictionary, has been clarified. We believe that this hypothesis is correct only if the concept of thinking is interpreted in a generic form.

Description of The Experiment: The Effectiveness of the Use of an Interactive Pedagogical Website by a Teacher of Russian as a Foreign Language

The purpose of the study. To describe a pedagogical experiment for the research work “Pedagogical conditions for the formation of communicative competencies in the digital educational environment of a Russian university (in the preparation of students from foreign countries)” on the example of the introduction of an interactive pedagogical website into the digital educational environment. The intended goal defined the tasks: 1) define the concept of pedagogical experiment; 2) state the essence of the subject of the experiment; 3) make a scientific description of the experiment. In pedagogical science, it is definitely not possible to conduct an experiment for a number of psychological and physiological reasons. To get a more accurate result, you need to use different methods. This research article presents two types of pedagogical experiment.Materials and methods. To define the concept of pedagogical experiment, we studied the works of A. Leontiev on active mind, O. Borovkova on the problem of experience in historical science, V. Zagvyazinsky and V. Slastenin on methodology, methods and the importance of didactic research. They turned to the philosophical encyclopedia and the vision of the modern philosopher E. Loone about the futility of conducting an experiment in the presence of a documentary source, although F. Bacon considers the pilot experiment to be extremely important and fundamental, and his thought served as an epigraph to the article. They turned to the psychological dictionary and noted that the experiment is defined as cognition. Having proved the effectiveness of teaching the introduction of information technologies in pedagogical conditions, we found out, analyzing the work of V. Krutetsky, what abilities a modern teacher should have. We stopped at the criteria of A. Sidenko’s pedagogical experiment. Using the methods of observation, description, analysis and survey, we described in the article a search and verification experiment using the method of concomitant changes. In addition, an experiment was conducted with two groups: experimental and control.Results. A pedagogical experiment cannot be as accurate as in fundamental science, so the value of the article lies in a detailed description of the pedagogical experiment. Different methods were used: concomitant changes, where the principle is causation, and a parallel method, where the effectiveness of the interactive pedagogical website was tested by comparing the results of the two groups. Conclusion. The author of the article proved that the pedagogical experiment must be carried out in different ways in order to bring its results closer to the most accurate ones. Our experiments, the results of which are reliable, have proved the effectiveness of using an interactive pedagogical website in preparing foreign students for studying at Russian universities.

Media coverage and stock market returns: Evidence from China Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC)

The primary source of investor interest that disrupts the financial markets is news that reflects the macroeconomy. This study intends to track changes in investors’ positive and negative market attention and their effects on stock market returns by examining the print media portrayal of the China–Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC). We access the daily and weekly coverage of the CPEC by national and international newspapers from the Bloomberg database over the period from January 2015 to December 2019. Using the Harvard psychological dictionary, we categorize the news headlines into positive and negative news sentiments. We then relate the news sentiment to the stock market returns, using quintile analysis, ordinary least squares (OLS), and vector autoregressive (VAR) models. The results show that investors react quickly and significantly to positive news. They pay more for the same stock if the positive news stream increases; hence, the stock market return also increases. In contrast, investors do not react with the same passion to an increase in negative news. These findings are in line with the theoretical rationale of the disposition effect. These outcomes may be useful for active investors and practitioners to devise investment strategies in the presence of the hype surrounding the CPEC in the print media.

TOWARDS EYE-TRACKING-BASED TECHNOLOGY ON SIGHT INTERPRETATION PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT

This study used the recording of eye-tracking-based target domain (TD) fixation as the primary approach to explore the correlation between occupying fixation and sight interpretation (SI) performance. This paper records the gaze plot and gaze duration during the sight interpretation and analyzes the correlation between them and the interpretation performance. First, we designed the nine-point track calibration for a noninvasive study. Second, we carried out pre-experiments to find out the best experimental conditions. Finally, after eye rest, we performed the formal test. Extensive experiments were implemented to verify the factors that affect the SI performance, including the number of TD occupying fixations, the time-cost of TD occupying fixation, and the concentration of TD occupying fixation. Statistical analysis of experiments concluded that the psychological dictionary, Long-term Memory (LTM) information, and bilingual conversion skills are the main factors affecting the number and time of eye-tracking TD occupying fixation spots.

PREFACE

PREFACE

Integrated entitymetrics analysis for health information on bipolar disorder using social media data and scientific literature

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the mental health information entities and associations between the biomedical, psychological and social domains of bipolar disorder (BD) by analyzing social media data and scientific literature.Design/methodology/approachReddit posts and full-text papers from PubMed Central (PMC) were collected. The text analysis was used to create a psychological dictionary. The text mining tools were applied to extract BD entities and their relationships in the datasets using a dictionary- and rule-based approach. Lastly, social network analysis and visualization were employed to view the associations.FindingsMental health information on the drug side effects entity was detected frequently in both datasets. In the affective category, the most frequent entities were “depressed” and “severe” in the social media and PMC data, respectively. The social and personal concerns entities that related to friends, family, self-attitude and economy were found repeatedly in the Reddit data. The relationships between the biomedical and psychological processes, “afraid” and “Lithium” and “schizophrenia” and “suicidal,” were identified often in the social media and PMC data, respectively.Originality/valueMental health information has been increasingly sought-after, and BD is a mental illness with complicated factors in the clinical picture. This paper has made an original contribution to comprehending the biological, psychological and social factors of BD. Importantly, these results have highlighted the benefit of mental health informatics that can be analyzed in the laboratory and social media domains.

Media Coverage and Stock Market Returns: Evidence from China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)

This paper aims to analyze the print media coverage of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) to trace the changes in investor positive and negative market attentions and their impact on stock market returns. We access the daily and weekly coverage of CPEC by national and international newspapers from the Bloomberg database over the period from 2015 to 2018. Using the Harvard psychological dictionary, we categorize the news headlines into two categories such as; news with positive sentiments and news with negative sentiment. We then relate the positive and negative news sentiment to the stock market returns, using quintile analysis, OLS, and VAR models. The results show that investors react quickly and significantly to positive news. They pay more for the same stock if the positive news stream increases and hence the stock market return also increases. In contrast, the investors do not react with the same passion to increase in negative news. These findings are in line with the theoretical rationale of the disposition effect. The study presents empirical evidence on the spillover effect of print media coverage on stock market returns with respect to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) which is considered a game-changer for the economy of Pakistan. Moreover, this study presents novel evidence that investors react quickly and significantly to the positive news whereas, to the negative news they react passively.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЗНАЧУЩОСТІ САМООЦІНКИ В СТРУКТУРІ ГІДНОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЗНАЧУЩОСТІ САМООЦІНКИ В СТРУКТУРІ ГІДНОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕЖИВАННЯ ПОЧУТТЯ ЩАСТЯ МОЛОДДЮ І ДОРОСЛИМИ В УМОВАХ ЗАХОДІВ ПРОТИДІЇ COVID-19

У статті розглянуто актуальність проблеми особливостей переживання почуття щастя в умовах самоізоляції, соціального дистанціювання, обмеження активності й карантинних заходів, пов’язаних із COVID-19. Розкрито особливості переживання почуттів різної модальності, зокрема, почуття щастя. Проаналізовано чинники та детермінанти впливу на емоційну сферу особистості. Визначено, що соціальні зв’язки є першочерговими для переживання почуття щастя. Такі соціальні контакти мають характеризуватись глибиною, якістю та частотою. Описано особливості почуття щастя залежно від його спрямованості: на стан «тут-і-тепер» і на спрямованість у майбутнє, а також наголошено на афективному, когнітивному та евдемоністичному компонентах щастя. Розроблено широку авторську форму-опитувальник, яка містить пакет різноспрямованих методів: опитувальник, елементи проективних методів (незакінчені речення), асоціативний метод, самоаналіз і самоспостереження, психодіагностична рефлексія. За допомогою зазначених вище методів емпірично встановлено, що почуття щастя молоді й дорослих характеризується ієрархією станів від більш до менш значущого: стан фізичного, психологічного, духовного благополуччя близьких, комфорту, безпеки і спокою, стан щастя як трансцендентне переживання, стан почуттєвої орієнтації на майбутнє. Існують відмінності в об’єктивному сприйнятті щастя та його суб’єктивному переживанні: здоров’я рідних і близьких поєднується з прагненням знаходитись у колі родини та найближчого оточення. Почуття щастя у респондентів загалом спродуковане здоров’ям, присутністю близьких, самоздійсненням, самоствердженням і досягненням цілей. Встановлено статистично значущий зв’язок між усвідомленням почуття власного щастя і наявністю стійких стосунків (родинних, сімейних, подружніх, романтичних, дружніх) (0,323); між усвідомленням щастя та частотою й рівнем соціальної активності, у які були включені досліджувані в докарантинний період (0,221). Визначено, що щастя є чинником подолання негативних переживань в умовах сучасних кризових трансформаційних суспільних процесів.

Psychology: a Giant with Feet of Clay.

The aim of the current study has been to highlight the theoretical precariousness of Psychology. The theoretical precariousness has been evidenced through a review of psychological "core-constructs" whose definitions were thoroughly searched in 11 popular introductory textbooks of psychology edited between 2012 and 2019 and in an APA dictionary of Psychology (VandeBos 2015). This analysis has shown unsatisfactory or discordant definitions of psychological "core-constructs". A further epistemological comparison between psychology and three "harder" sciences (i.e., physics, chemistry and biology) seemed to support the "soft" nature of psychology: a minor consensus in its "core" and a minor capacity to accumulate knowledge when compared to the former "harder" sciences (Fanelli in PLoS One, 5, e10068, 2010; Fanelli and Glänzel in PLoS One, 8, e66938, 2013). This comparison also seemed to support the "pre-paradigmatic" condition of psychology, in which conflicts between rival schools of thought hamper the development of a real unified paradigm (Kuhn 1970). To enter a paradigmatic stage, we propose here evolutionary psychology as the most compelling approach, thanks to its empirical support and theoretical consistency. However, since the skepticism about "grand unifying theories" is well disposed (Badcock in Review of General Psychology, 16, 10-23, 2012), we suggest that evolutionary psychology must be intended as a pluralistic approach rather than a monolithic one, and that its main strength is its capacity to resolve the nature-nurture dialectics.

Student’s Dictionary of Psychology and Neuroscience (6th edition)

Student’s Dictionary of Psychology and Neuroscience (6th edition)

APA College Dictionary of Psychology (second edition)

APA College Dictionary of Psychology (second edition)

METHODOLOGY OF PSYCHOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF FACT

The article is devoted to the methodological issue of the fact development. The special relevance of this work is that many authors do not recognize it as a methodological problem. In the popular psychological dictionary the matter is generally defined as the result of observation or experiment, which does not allow equivocation. This contradicts the widely known situations where the fact is evaluated and interpreted in different ways. The author makes detailed research of A. Nikiforov, who defined the fact as a structure. According to him this is a promising approach, but from the psychological point of view the concept of the fact needs another interpretation.

METHODOLOGY OF PSYCHOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF FACT

The article is devoted to the methodological issue of the fact development. The special relevance of this work is that many authors do not recognize it as a methodological problem. In the popular psychological dictionary the matter is generally defined as the result of observation or experiment, which does not allow equivocation. This contradicts the widely known situations where the fact is evaluated and interpreted in different ways. The author makes detailed research of A. Nikiforov, who defined the fact as a structure. According to him this is a promising approach, but from the psychological point of view the concept of the fact needs another interpretation.

A Dictionary of Psychology (4th edition)

A Dictionary of Psychology (4th edition)

The effect of Team Coherence and Its Relationship with the Psychological and social Atmosphere for the Team – Sport Players

The conception of the psychological and social atmosphere is hard to separate its contents except for the study and research demands. From researchers who distinguish between the psychological atmosphere and the social atmosphere. Some researchers consider them one conception. In the dictionary of psychology that the synonyms of the conception of psychological and social atmosphere are the moral psychological atmosphere and the psychological atmosphere inside a group. The individual does not exist away from the group thus his psychological atmosphere does not separate from his social atmosphere.

Generating Domain-Specific Dictionaries Using Bayesian Learning

This paper aims to operationalize subjective information processing in financial news disclosures. In order to measure news tone, previous research commonly utilizes manually-selected positive and negative word lists, such as the Harvard-IV psychological dictionary. However, such dictionaries may not be suitable for the domain of financial news because positive and negative entries could have different connotations in a financial context. To overcome the problem of words that are selected ex ante, we incorporate several Bayesian variable selection methods to select the relevant positive and negative words from financial news disclosures. These domain-specific dictionaries outperform existing dictionaries in terms of both their explanatory power and predictive performance, resulting in an improvement of up to 93.25 % in the correlation between news sentiment and stock market returns. According to our findings, the interpretation of words strongly depends on the context and managers need to be cautious when framing negative content using positive words.

News impact on stock price return via sentiment analysis

Financial news articles are believed to have impacts on stock price return. Previous works model news pieces in bag-of-words space, which analyzes the latent relationship between word statistical patterns and stock price movements. However, news sentiment, which is an important ring on the chain of mapping from the word patterns to the price movements, is rarely touched. In this paper, we first implement a generic stock price prediction framework, and plug in six different models with different analyzing approaches. To take one step further, we use Harvard psychological dictionary and Loughran–McDonald financial sentiment dictionary to construct a sentiment space. Textual news articles are then quantitatively measured and projected onto the sentiment space. Instance labeling method is rigorously discussed and tested. We evaluate the models’ prediction accuracy and empirically compare their performance at different market classification levels. Experiments are conducted on five years historical Hong Kong Stock Exchange prices and news articles. Results show that (1) at individual stock, sector and index levels, the models with sentiment analysis outperform the bag-of-words model in both validation set and independent testing set; (2) the models which use sentiment polarity cannot provide useful predictions; (3) there is a minor difference between the models using two different sentiment dictionaries.