Diatom Earth Research Articles

STUDIES ON THE PURIFICATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS II. PURIFICATION BY MEANS OF VARIOUS PRECIPITANTS

It has been well known that the use of ultracentrifuge as the step of the purification of influenza virus is the most effective method, however, as the use of the apparatus is so far fairly limited in our country, other methods for purifying viruses as pure as possible from the infected materials without losing their activities should be investigated. We reported in the previous paper (1) that the purification of influenza virus was achieved to some extent by means of absorption and elution using such absorbents as ion exchange resin, clay, kaolin, diatom earth, or chicken red cells, and furthermore, that the virus was purified to a considerably high degree by combining precipitation methods, preliminary purified by these adsorbents.Purification of various toxins as well as viruses by means of precipitation and elution employing ZnCl2, KAl(SO4)2, protamin sulfate, or isoelectric point precipitation, has been reported by many workers. Miyata (2) purified tetanus toxin by ZnCl2 and Hosoya (3) and Borily (4) reported that precipitation and elution by KAl (SO4) 2 was useful for the purification of diphtheria toxin (3) and influenza virus (4) respectively. Chambers and Henle (5), Warren et al(6), Warren (7), and Nakagawa (8) employed protamine sulfate to purify partially various viruses with considerably good results. Other wokers proved that vaccinia virus (9) and poliomyelitis virus (10) in infected tissues could be fairly purified by the isoelectric point precipitation method.The present paper shows the results of purification of influenza virus by means of combination of those methods, described above, and methanol precipitation method which was conducted similarly or with slight change to that recently reported by Cox (11) and Fukumi (12).

STUDIES ON THE DIATOM EARTH

When pine woods are used as pulping materials, there will be abominable pitch troubles in paper making processes.Authors studied on the general properties and adsorptive power of diatom earth, and tried to overcome the pitch trouble by using diatom earth.The chemical composition of the diatom earth are as following, Kinds Niigate Isikawa Aomoriignition loss 16 12 11.3 SiO2 74 75 74.9 Al2O3, Fe2O3 18 19 9.8 Cao 4 2 4To determine the adosoptive power of diatom earth used dyestuff solution such as methylen blue. methyl orange and congo red. To remove pitch troubles on news print paper making process, the sulphite pulp (5% consistency) mixed with ten per cent of diatom earth (Aomori), and after washing diminished its extractive constituents about 35 per cent.ash other alcohol totalextract extract extractOriginal sulphite pulp 0.53 0.89 0.30 1.19After addition of 0.73 0.65 0.10 0.75diatom carth and washingGood result obtained in paper making process without pitch trouble by using diatom earth.

ON THE PITCH TROUBLE CONDITIONS AT JUJO WORK OF THE OJI PAPER MFG. CO.

The writer explains the pitch trouble conditions at various spots in the mill, recounting his experiences in overcoming the trouble with bentonite, diatom earth, bauxite waste, hot or cold caustic liquor. He suggests that one recommendable process may be such that 2.2% of slaked lime be added in beater, regulating PH=.6.5. But he says there may be attended such defects in that ease as follows : 1.Turbidity of saver effluent.2.Lower retention in clay.3.Yellowing of paper.4.Destruction to sizing power.Some merits have been obtained by the addition of 3.5% of slaked lime powder onsulphite pulp alone, and washing for 2 hours.The writer also remarks that there should he necessary for investigating.into new Ca-typehardening agents in stead of usual SiO2-or Al2O3 type

54) セメント・鋸屑・珪藻土からなる防火用の板に關する研究-家屋外周の防火に關する研究の内-

54) セメント・鋸屑・珪藻土からなる防火用の板に關する研究-家屋外周の防火に關する研究の内-

STUDIES ON HEAT INSULATING MATERIALS

Heat insulating materials are essential for the saving fuels in all heat availing industries, and they are mumerous in kind as in their characteristics, and the studies especially on insulating refractory materials are considered the most important of the recent days. To insure the most acculate testing results, the authers succeeded by thorough studies to introduce a new measuring method of heat conductivity, and numbers of refractory insulating materials have given through the new method. On glass wool they investigated and concluded the close relation between the density of the material and the heat conductivity, and also the like relation with diatom earth. They examined also diatom earth brick by means of X-ray method and measurement true density, and verified that the change of inner structure of the material affects very much the heat conductivity of the brick.

On the Sorption of Acetylene and Hydrogen by Diatom Earth which Contain Palladium

On the Sorption of Acetylene and Hydrogen by Diatom Earth which Contain Palladium