Diamond Structure Research Articles

High damping and modulus of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotube skeleton inspired by diamond lattice

Damping and modulus are mutually exclusive properties, and optimizing the overall performance of damping and modulus of materials is of high interest nowadays. In this study, a novel aluminum matrix composite reinforced by a diamond lattice-inspired carbon nanotube skeleton is presented. By means of molecular dynamics simulation, it is demonstrated that the structure can not only increase the internal friction by introducing interface defects, but also ensure the sufficient modulus of the material through the cooperative deformation of sliding and extrusion between the carbon nanotube skeleton and the aluminum matrix. Furthermore, the effect of frequency on energy dissipation is calculated. In contrast to conventional materials possessing a single internal friction peak, this composite structure material has two internal dissipation peaks as a function of frequency. This is due to the fact that viscous and phonon dissipation dominate the energy dissipation in this structural material. The viscous dissipation is caused by the relaxation of disordered atoms in the interface after deviating from the equilibrium state, and the phonon dissipation is created by the coupling of mechanical waves and normal modes of crystalline atoms. The designed composite achieves an unprecedented loss modulus through a trade-off between modulus and damping.

Research progress of optoelectronic devices based on diamond materials

Diamond has a variety of unique characteristics, including integrates mechanics, electricity, heat, optics and other excellent properties, so that it is widely focus on the field of high and new technology, especially in the optoelectronic technology. Because diamond has the characteristics of high thermal conductivity, high breakdown field (10 mV/cm), high electron and hole mobility, it has a wide application prospect in high temperature, high power and high frequency photoelectric equipment. The wide bandgap (5.47 eV) makes diamond an ideal material in ultraviolet detectors (UV). Its high carrier mobility and breakdown field strength make it an ideal choice for field emission materials, which are expected to be used in high-power electronic devices in the next few years. At the same time, in addition to high hardness, it also has various of excellent physical properties, such as low coefficient of thermal expansion, low coefficient of friction, high acoustic propagation speed and high optical transmittance, so that it has broad application prospects in many fields such as machining, microelectronic devices, optical windows and surface coatings. In addition, diamond also has a high exciton binding energy (80 meV), which plays an important development in deep ultraviolet and high-energy particle detectors. In this article, the latest progress in the application of diamond-based optoelectronic devices is reviewed. A variety of advanced devices and physical phenomena are considered, for example, sensors, transistors, memory, Light-emitting diode (LEDs), ultraviolet detectors and field emission. This review will provide a new idea to promote the development of photoelectric applications based on diamond structure.

A modified plasma immersed solid-phase impurity assisted doping geometry for the creation of highly fluorescent CVD nanodiamond

In this work, we report on a simple and easy to realize doping geometry by which the color center formation efficiency can be improved significantly in nanocrystalline diamond structures during solid impurity source-assisted microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MWCVD). A vertically aligned solid impurity source immersed into the CVD plasma results in diamond thin film with significantly higher color center related fluorescence signal, than the horizontal and source-free arrangements. Based on the example of negatively charged silicon-vacancy (SiV−) center, we demonstrated that the emission peak intensity of fluorescent nanodiamond structures prepared in such a way can be 7–10 times enhanced without significant alteration of the crystal quality. The observed phenomenon is explained by the increased number of incorporated silicon impurities into the diamond nanocrystals, initiated by the beneficial conditions for the atomization of the vertically aligned impurity source, including the enlarged contact area and the elevated surface temperature. The efficiency of the method was demonstrated for thin films and individual nanocrystal structures as well. The proposed solid-phase doping source geometry can be adapted to other impurities to extend the type or improve the in-situ formation efficiency of impurity related color centers in CVD nanodiamond crystals.

Edge-to-edge topological spectral transfer in diamond photonic lattices

The transfer of information between topological edge states is a robust way of spatially manipulating spatial states in lattice environments. This method is particularly efficient when the edge modes are kept within the topological gap of the lattice during the transfer. In this work, we show experimentally the transfer of photonic modes between topological edge states located at opposite ends of a dimerized one-dimensional photonic lattice. We use a diamond lattice of coupled waveguides and show that the topological transfer is insensitive to the presence of a high density of states in the form of a flat band at an energy close to that of the edge states and prevails in the presence of a hopping impurity. We explore the dynamics in the waveguide lattice using a wavelength-scan method, where different input wavelengths translate into different effective lattice lengths. Our results offer an alternative way to the implementation of efficient transfer protocols based on active driving mechanisms.

Experimental and numerical studies on mechanical properties of TPMS structures

Due to their exceptional lightweight and mechanical properties, triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) based lattice structures have been widely studied. In this paper, the energy absorption performance of eight TPMS structures under large deformation was thoroughly studied, and five meshing strategies were evaluated comprehensively for the first time. The research objectives include three parts. First, the mechanical properties of eight TPMS structures, namely Primitive (P), Gyroid (G), Diamond (D), I-Wrapped Package (I-WP), Fischer-Kock (F-K), Neovius (N), I2-Y⁎⁎ and F-Rhombic Dodecahedra (F-RD) lattices, were investigated by utilizing experimental and numerical methods. These TPMS structures were fabricated using 316 L stainless steel powder by selective laser melting (SLM) and compared experimentally under compression in terms of the stress-strain curve, deformation and energy absorption. The results showed that F-RD and D lattice structures exhibit the best energy absorption capacity at relative densities less and greater than 30%, respectively. Second, to evaluate different meshing strategies for these complex structures, five finite elements (FE) models based on the shell, solid, and voxel elements were compared in terms of modeling ease, computational efficiency, data management, and simulation accuracy. It was demonstrated that the quadrilateral shell model shows satisfactory results for lattice structures with low relative densities or thin walls. In contrast, the voxel model shows the best results for structures with higher relative densities or thicker walls. Last, the voxel model was applied to the F-RD and D lattice structures. The numerical results showed that the stress distribution was more uniform in the F-RD, and the internal self-contact occurred later in the D lattice structure, further confirming the experimental observation and revealing the energy absorption mechanisms of TPMS structures.

Numerical study on the anisotropy in thermo-fluid behavior of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS)

Porous structures are frequently utilized as thermal conductivity enhancers in the realm of heat transfer enhancement. Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) has gained significant attention in recent years due to its favorable performance in many fields including mechanics and thermodynamic. The exceptionally large specific surface area grants it promising performance in heat transfer enhancement. However, the angular effect on thermal-fluid characteristics are not understood and requires further investigation. In this work, Gyroid and Diamond with various rotating angles used as sandwich cores were designed utilizing the implicit function method. Then, the discussions on thermal and hydraulic behaviors in the TPMS-based sandwich panels under an isothermal condition were systematically conducted by means of computational fluid dynamics. After that, the fluid flow mechanisms and heat transfer properties were visually investigated according to the comparative analysis of velocity fields, pressure drops, vortices inducing, and Nusselt number distribution. The results showed that the flow field characteristics and the heat transfer performance exhibited an apparent 45° symmetry in both Gyroid and Diamond. Moreover, the pressure gradient exhibited evident dependence on the rotating angle in both Gyroid and Diamond groups. The 45° rotated Gyroid structure case had the most extensive pressure gradient of 11.4 kPa/m; to the contrary, the 45° rotated Diamond structure had the smallest one of 9.9 kPa/m in their respective group. Nonetheless, the angular difference in heat transfer rate (HTR) is not significant, and the maximum total HTR in Gyroid and Diamond groups was 8.25 W and 9.43 W, respectively. Overall, this work contributes to a better understanding of the angular behavior of TPMS-based sandwich panels and provides valuable information for their potential applications in various industries.

Bending Performance and Crashworthiness Characteristics of Sandwich Beams with New Auxetic Core

Structures with enhanced mechanical properties and crashworthiness are competing materials in the transport industry to reduce structural weight, and auxetic materials are the ideal choice. Auxetic metamaterials are the class of cellular structures designed to possess negative Poisson's ratio. The current study evaluates newly developed re‐entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial's in‐plane and out‐of‐plane three‐point bending performance. A series of experimental and numerical studies are performed to assess the quasistatic performance and crashworthiness characteristics of 3D‐printed re‐entrant diamond auxetic core and sandwich panels. The results are compared with regular re‐entrant panels of the same unit cell size. The deformation and failure mechanism of both auxetic structures, core and sandwich, are discussed. Real‐time displacement contours on the specimen surface are visualized using advanced image processing and finite‐element methods. The new re‐entrant diamond auxetic members outperformed energy absorption characteristics in in‐plane and out‐plane directions. Compared to the counterpart, the new metamaterial has improved 88.33% and 29.24% in‐plane energy absorption as a core and sandwich, respectively. 13.51% and 13.35% increments in energy absorption as a core and sandwich are observed for re‐entrant diamond structures compared to the regular re‐entrant system in the out‐of‐plane direction.

A study of multi-stage energy absorption characteristics of hybrid sheet TPMS lattices

Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) has many excellent properties, such as stable energy absorption, a high specific strength, a large surface area, etc. The functional multi-stage design and research of TPMS lattices were carried out to improve the mechanical performance. The deformation modes and curves of three uniform TPMS lattices (Primitive, Gyroid, and Diamond) and their hybrid lattices were analyzed by quasi-static compression experiments and numerical simulations. Based on the uniform TPMS lattice, hybrid sheet TPMS lattices were designed to realize the multi-stage energy absorption (multi-stage platform) and multi-stage protection integrated porous structure. The two-stage energy absorption characteristics of hybrid sheet TPMS lattices were systematically studied, and the effects of hybrid TPMS composition, width of the transition layer, relative weight, and hybridization method on the multi-stage energy absorption were obtained. The results indicated that the Gyroid–Diamond hybrid lattice performed the best, with the specific energy absorption (SEA) increasing by 30.48% and 0.51%, and the yield stress decreasing by 14.01% and 30.07%, respectively, as compared to the single TPMS lattice. Width of the transition layer has little effect on the two-stage energy absorption. The relative weight will shorten or widen the length of the two-stage platform stress. The hybridization method shows that the sequence hybridization along the loading direction based on the TPMS lattice yield strength is the best arrangement to achieve the effect of multi-stage energy absorption. Finally, the three-stage energy absorption characteristics of hybrid Primitive–Gyroid–Diamond lattices are further studied. The results show that with the increase of layers of TPMS lattices, the fluctuation of the multi-stage curve and the yield stress will increase.

Performance Evaluation of Graphene Nanofluid to Mitigate the Wear of a Diamond Tool in Micro-Machining of Ti6Al4V Alloy

Diamond tools are extensively used in ultra-precision machining due to their exceptional performance. However, when machining challenging materials like Ti6Al4V, diamond tools experience significant wear due to poor machining properties and catalytic effects. Tool wear not only impacts machining quality but also escalates machining costs and energy consumption. Cutting fluids are commonly employed to mitigate interfacial reactions and suppress tool wear. However, traditional cutting fluids are difficult to penetrate the cutting area and have limited lubrication and cooling capabilities. Therefore, in this paper, a technique combining graphene nanofluid and minimum-quantity lubrication (MQL) is used to suppress diamond tool wear. Firstly, micro-milling experiments for Ti6Al4V alloy are conducted using diamond tools in the graphene nanofluid MQL and under a dry environment. The experimental results show that tool wear is effectively suppressed by graphene nanofluids. Subsequently, the cutting process in both environments (graphene nanofluid MQL, dry) is simulated. The suppression mechanism of graphene nanofluid MQL for diamond tool wear is evaluated from phase transition, atomic transfer process, and amorphous behavior of diamond structure. The simulation results show that the contact characteristics, cutting force, and cutting temperature are improved by graphene nanofluids. Tool wear is effectively reduced. In addition, the removal efficiency of workpiece materials has also been improved. This work provides a technical basis for exploring the application of graphene nanofluids in diamond tool damage suppression and micro-milling.

Unveiling the site-dependent characteristics and atomic mechanism of graphene growth on the polycrystalline diamond: Insight from the experiments and ReaxFF studies

The synthesis of graphene on functional materials has been an issue of great interest in the field of new-functional nanomaterials. As a promising semiconductor and mechanical material, the need for direct growing graphene on the polycrystalline diamond for modification has been strongly inspired nowadays. Herein, we completed the catalytic thermal annealing synthesis of graphene on the polycrystalline diamond without any additional carbon source, and the site-dependent growth characteristics of graphene on the diamond materials were captured. To explain such growth characteristics in detail, the graphene in-situ growth mechanism based on the polycrystalline diamond surface was clarified for the first time by using the reactive molecular dynamics method. Essentially, the growth mechanism of graphene in the vicinity of the diamond grain boundary follows the principle of “counter-precipitation”. Furthermore, the graphene growth is driven by the amorphization of the diamond lattice, and the pristine diamond surface has been proven can be used as the only solid carbon source to accomplish the growth of graphene on it. By contrast, the grain boundary plays the role of supplementary solid carbon source to accelerate the graphene growth rate during the graphene growth, which is the underlying cause of the site-dependent growth characteristics of graphene on the polycrystalline diamond.

Research and Application Progress of Boron-doped Diamond Films

Thanks to its unique structure, diamond has many excellent properties, such as high hardness, low birefringence, high thermal conductivity, good chemical stability, etc., but pure diamond has extremely high resistivity (up to 1012 Ω∙m ), which is an insulator, so it is usually doped to expand the application of diamond in the electrochemical field. B atoms have a very small radius, which is an ideal material for doping diamond, and B-doped diamond has good electrical conductivity. In this paper, on the basis of introducing the phase composition and structure of boron-doped diamond (BDD) film, the common methods for preparing BDD film are analyzed, and the application status and prospect of its application in electrochemistry and other fields are summarized.

Homochiral boron imidazolate frameworks built from mixed Chiral and achiral ligands

Chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been studied extensively because of the potential application. Based on the complexity of chiral structure, it is a great challenge to study the formation of novel chiral centers under self-assembly conditions. By mixing chiral and achiral ligands, five unusual homochiral BIFs materials were synthesized by using d-camphoric acid (D-H2cam) and KBH(mim)3 (mim = 2-methylimidazole) under solvothermal condition. The orientations of mim rings had been locked to a specific angle in these structures and freed tridentate BH(mim)3- ligands were separated into two enantiomers, S–BH(mim)3- and R–BH(mim)3-. BIF-123 and BIF-124 exhibited similar (3, 4)-connected pillared-layer chiral structures with a pair of opposite helical substructures. BIF-125, 126 and 127 exhibited a 4-connected chiral diamond structure, which incorporates the homochiral helical substructures containing only S–BH(mim)3- ligand. These homochiral BIFs showed high pore volume in gas adsorption measurements and good stability under different solvent environments. Furthermore, the obvious CD signals of BIF-126 proved the chirality of bulk samples.

Data-driven modelling of the multiaxial yield behaviour of nanoporous metals

Nanoporous metals, built out of complex ligament networks, can be produced with an additional level of hierarchy. The resulting complexity of the structure makes modelling of the mechanical behaviour computationally expensive and time consuming. In addition, multiaxial stresses occur in the higher hierarchy ligaments. Therefore, knowledge of the multiaxial material behaviour, including the 6D yield surface, is required. Surrogate models, predicting the mechanical behaviour of the lower level of hierarchy, represented by finite element beam models, are a promising approach to overcome such challenges, when existing analytical models are not able to describe the material behaviour. Therefore, as a first step, we studied the elastic behaviour and the yield surfaces of representative volume elements with idealised diamond and Kelvin structure in finite element simulations. The yield surfaces showed pronounced anisotropy and could not be described by the Deshpande-Fleck model for isotropic solid foams. Instead, we used data-driven and hybrid artificial neural networks, as well as data-driven support vector machines and compared them regarding their potential for the prediction of yield surfaces. All considered methods were well suited and resulted in relative errors <4.5%. Support vector machines showed the best generalisation and accuracy in 6D stress space and are suitable for extrapolation outside the range of training data.

Mechanical and shape memory properties of NiTi triply periodic minimal surface structures fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

Porous NiTi lattice structures are widely used in the manufacture of crucial components owing to their excellent shape memory effect, superelasticity, and high damping capacities. However, the specific strength and lightweight characteristics of porous NiTi lattice structures fabricated by conventional technologies are limited by unpredictability. In this work, three types of porous NiTi structures based on triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) – Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive – were designed and manufactured by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing process. This work demonstrates LPBF is a feasible and efficient approach to fabricate highly accurate porous NiTi TPMS structures. Moreover, the influence of each of these structures on the mechanical and shape memory properties was investigated. Among the three structures, Gyroid had the smallest volume fraction deviation. Furthermore, the Diamond structure had the largest compressive modulus (782.82 MPa) and ultimate yield strength (163.14 MPa). The Gyroid and Primitive structures exhibit excellent elastic recovery deriving from high values of compressive modulus (662.44 MPa, and 703.29 MPa), and can maintain reliable structural robustness. The Primitive structure exhibited the lowest mechanical properties (37.80 MPa). During the cyclic compression test, Gyroid and Primitive show a smaller unrecovered strain than Diamond. Primitive shows the largest recovered strain during the heating process (6.98%). The higher mechanical flexibility of Primitive structure endows this structure with higher recovery ratio. During the direct compression test, the residual strain exhibits a positive correlation with the loading strain. All three structures exhibit good deformation recovery capability with a strain of 4%. At a strain of 12%, recovered strain during heating became the dominant factor in the recovery of the TPMS structure. Overall, porous NiTi TPMS structures are capable of reversible compressibility composed of rapid elastic recovery and controllable shape memory recovery. The unique performance of porous NiTi TPMS structure fabricated by LPBF renders it a highly efficiency energy-absorbing structure.

Third-order square-root topological insulators on decorated diamond sonic crystals

The square-root operation can generate novel topological phases, whose nontrivial topological properties are inherited from the parent Hamiltonian. Here we report the acoustic realization of third-order square-root topological insulators by adding additional resonators between the site resonators of original diamond lattice. Due to the square-root operation, multiple acoustic localized modes appear in doubled bulk gaps. The bulk polarizations of the tight-binding models are employed to reveal the topological feature of the higher-order topological states. By tuning the coupling strength, we find the emergence of third-order topological corner states in doubled bulk gaps on tetrahedron-like and rhombohedron-like sonic crystals, respectively. The shape dependence of square-root corner states provides an extra degree of freedom for flexible manipulation on the sound localization. Furthermore, the robustness of the corner states in three-dimensional (3D) square-root topological insulator is well elucidated by introducing random disorders into the irrelevant bulk region of the proposed 3D lattices. This work extends square-root higher-order topological states into 3D system, and may find possible applications in selective acoustic sensors.

Effect of heat treatment on compression properties of the 316L diamond structure fabricated through selective laser melting

Designing a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattice structure is a new method for lightweight. Compared with the previous foam- and strut-based structure, the TPMS lattice structure has the advantages of precise control of mechanical properties and convenient modelling. In this paper, under a quasi-static compression load, the effect of solution and aging treatment on the mechanical properties and energy absorption capacity of graded skeleton diamond (GSKD), graded sheet diamond (GSHD), uniform skeleton diamond (USKD) and uniform sheet diamond (USHD) fabricated through selective laser melting (SLM) were studied. The experiment results show that the sheet structures have better mechanical properties (elastic modulus, yield strength, platform stress and energy absorption) than the skeleton structures, and that the uniform structures have a higher energy absorption capacity (WV, εd) than the gradient structures, with the WV,εd of the as-built USHD sample reaching 2.11 times that of the GSKD sample. Moreover, the mechanical properties of each structure have different degrees of sensitivity to heat treatment conditions. Heat treatment has the greatest influence on the platform stress and initial strain of densification of GSKD, on the Young's modulus of USHD and on the energy absorption of USKD.

Starfish-Inspired Diamond-Structured Calcite Single Crystals from a Bottom-up Approach as Mechanical Metamaterials.

Inspired by knobby starfish, this work demonstrates a bottom-up approach for fabricating a calcite single-crystal (CSC) with a diamond structure by exploiting the self-assembly of the block copolymer and corresponding templated synthesis. Similar to the knobby starfish, the diamond structure of the CSC gives rise to a brittle-to-ductile transition. Most interestingly, the diamond-structured CSC fabricated exhibits exceptional specific energy absorption and strength with lightweight character superior to natural materials and artificial counterparts from a top-down approach due to the nanosized effect. This approach provides the feasibility for creating mechanical metamaterials with the combined effects of the topology and nanosize on the mechanical performance.

Study on the growth characteristics of type Ⅰb silicon-doped diamond in FeNi catalyst under high temperature and pressure

Silicon-related impurities are widely present in natural diamonds. Exploring the properties of silicon-doped diamonds provides vital guidelines for elucidating the composition of the mantle and the growth mechanism of natural diamonds. In this study, a high-capacity cubic high-pressure device was used to simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment for diamond growth. The regulation of transition-metal solvent catalyst (silicon) in the crystallization process, morphology, and impurity concentration of diamond crystals is reported. In a series of experiments, silicon powder was added to regulate its concentration in the diamond growth system. An Fe/Ni alloy was used as the catalyst, with a pressure of 5.8 GPa, a temperature range of 1600–1700 K, and a growth time of 12 h. As the silicon concentration increased, the diamond crystal displayed a slower growth rate, its color changed from yellow to light yellow, and the number of diamond inclusions gradually increased. The nitrogen concentration in the diamond crystals gradually decreased from 279 to 68 ppm, and nitrogen mainly existed in the form of single atoms (C-centers). Raman data showed that the Si-doped diamond crystal displayed a high-quality sp3 structure. The first-order Raman peak of the Si-doped diamond shifted from 1331.75 to 1331.18 cm−1, and its half-peak width increased from 4.18 to 5.41 cm−1. Silicon doping can increase the internal stress of the diamond crystal and decrease its crystalline quality. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results of the diamond crystal indicated that silicon in the Fe–Ni–C–Si system entered into the diamond lattice. The photoluminescence spectroscopy results revealed that after silicon atoms entered the diamond lattice, crystal defects and more vacancies were formed. The vacancies combined with displaced nitrogen atoms to form nitrogen-vacancy centers. Moreover, this study provides guidelines for exploring the formation environment and morphology of natural diamonds.

Rhombus-patterned flexible self-supported PVDF-based humidity sensor for respiratory monitoring

Humidity sensors are crucial in sectors such as environmental sustainability, industrial production, and healthcare. The fabrication of sandwich-type humidity sensors that can serve as substrates, sensing materials, and electrodes remains a focus of effort in the healthcare sector now. This research entails the synthesis of rhombus-patterned flexible nanofiber membranes (PPZN) utilizing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as the foundational substrates, while employing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a structural modulator and hydrophilic modifier. The fabrication process involved the utilization of electrospinning technique for membrane production. Furthermore, polyaniline (PANI) is in-situ polymerized onto rhombus-patterned nanofiber membrane to form a core-sheath structure (PPZN), which serves as an electrode to produce a rhombus-patterned flexible self-supported PVDF-based humidity sensor (YPPZN). The combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties facilitates the transfer of water molecules. At the same time, the unique diamond structure and high surface area provide favorable channels for the transportation of water molecules. YPPZN offers a broad range of relative humidity for operation (13%–93% RH), excellent sensitivity, and quick response and recovery times (20s/75s). The YPPZN humidity sensor likewise provides excellent flexibility and dependability, which can be configured into an arch inside a mask for ongoing real-time monitoring of human respiratory parameters.

Finite element analysis of lattice designed lumbar interbody cage based on the additive manufacturing.

Additive manufacturing (AM) methods, which facilitate the production of complex structures with different geometries, have been used in producing interbody cages in recent years. In this study, the effects of Ti6Al4V alloy interbody lattice designed fusion cages between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae where degenerative disc diseases occur were investigated using the finite element method. Face centered cubic (FCC), body centered cubic (BCC), and diamond structures were selected as the lattice structure suitable for the interbody cage. A kidney shaped interbody lumbar cage was designed. The designated lattice structures were selected by adjusting the cell sizes suitable for the designed geometry, and the mesh configuration was made by the lumbar lattice structure. 400 N Axial force and 7.5 N.m moments were applied to the spine according to lateral bending, flexion, and torsion. 400 N axial force and 7.5 N.m flexion moment is shown high strain and total deformation then lateral bending and torsion on BCC FCC and diamond lattice structured interbody cages. In addition, the effects of lattice structures under high compression forces were investigated by applying 1000 N force to the lattice structures. When von Mises stresses were examined, lower von Mises stress and strains were observed in the BCC structure. However, a lower total deformation was observed in the FCC. Due to the design of the BCC and the diamond structure, it is assumed that bone implant adhesion will increase. In the finite element analysis (FEA), the best results were shown in BCC structures.