Diallel Analysis Research Articles

Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression Analysis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Experiment with 45 hybrids (F1s) under 10 x 10 diallel analysis was carried out to estimate the extent of heterosis over mid and better parents for yield and its contributing traits in bitter gourd. The inbreeding depression for various traits was also worked out. Analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences for almost all characters except plant height suggesting presence of wide genetic variability. The heterosis exhibited for fruit characters and fruit yield was mostly positive. Ten cross combinations (DVBTG-1 x VRBT-6, VRBT-94 x VRBT-39, VRBT-94 x VRBT-49, VRBT-94 x VRBT-103, VRBT-94 x VRBT-63, VRBT-94 x VRBT-32, VRBT-94 x VRBT-6, VRBT-41 x VRBT-6, VRBT-103 x VRBT-6 and VRBT-63 x VRBT-32) which recorded high heterosis for yield and also expressed high heterosis for yield components, indicating the additive or synergistic effect on the fruit yield. These cross combinations can be utilized for commercial exploitation and determining the strategies for future in bitter gourd hybrid development. The inbreeding depression results due to fixation of unfavorable recessive genes in F2. In the present results high inbreeding depression indicates the presence of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) for the traits like first male and female flower anthesis, fruit weight, plant height and number of fruits/plant. The minimum inbreeding depression was observed in cross VRBT-32 x VRBT-6 and VRBT-94 x VRBT-49.

Diallel analysis of soybean (Glycine max L.) for biomass yield and root characteristics under low phosphorus soil conditions in Western Ethiopia.

Combining ability studies under low soil P conditions provides useful information on the inheritance of important traits to improve soybean for low P tolerance. The study aimed at determining the combining ability and gene actions of biomass yield and root traits in soybean under low phosphorus conditions. Nine parental genotypes and their 36 half diallel F2/F3 progenies were evaluated at two locations in Ethiopia on soils of low P availability. Highly significant (P<0.01) general combining ability (GCA) were found for all the traits and specific combining ability (SCA) for root dry weight and root fresh weight; while the SCA effects of all the rest of the traits were significant (P<0.05). The higher relative contributions of GCA over SCA revealed the preponderance of additive gene action in the inheritance of biomass yield, root dry weight, biomass dry weight, root volume, and root fresh weight with respective relative GCA:SCA contributions of (60.6, 39.4), (50.4, 49.6), (54.9, 45.1), (51.1, 48.9), and (52.1, 47.9); while the narrow-sense heritability was high (34.3%) only for biomass yield. Hardee-1 displayed significant (P<0.05) and positive GCA effects for most of the studied traits, and several crosses involving this parent showed superior performances. The traits i.e., biomass yield, biomass dry weight, root volume and root fresh weight showed highly (P<0.001) correlation with grain yield. Thus, breeding programs aiming to improve soybean for biomass yield and root traits under low-P condition can use Hardee-1 as a parent.

Diallel analysis of kernel weight and grain‐filling traits in maize grown under contrasting nitrogen supply

AbstractUnderstanding the inheritance of maize (Zea mays L.) kernel weight (KW) under contrasting nitrogen (N) supply is crucial for obtaining high KW across diverse N conditions. This work evaluated broad‐sense heritability (H2), general combining ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA) under contrasting N levels for (i) KW and kernel number per plant and (ii) grain‐filling traits represented by the duration of lag and effective filling phases, kernel growth and desiccation rates, maximum water content and volume, and moisture content at physiological maturity. A six‐parent full diallel cross generated via Griffing's method 3 was tested under high (N200) and low (N0) N supply in 2 years (Y). For the various traits: (i) F1 hybrid, and F1 by Y and/or N interactions were significant (p &lt; 0.05); (ii) GCA was significant at both N levels and affected (p &lt; 0.05) by the Y effect; (iii) SCA was important (p &lt; 0.05) only at N200; and (iv) GCA sum of squares was higher than those of SCA (except for KW). For KW and grain‐filling traits, H2 and GCA/SCA ratios were higher at N0 than at N200, suggesting low‐N environments would be more advantageous for developing genetic selection. Lag‐phase duration (LPD), kernel desiccation rate (KDR), and kernel maximum water content (KWCMAX) had higher H2 (≥0.70) and GCA/SCA ratio than KW, particularly under N0. Thus, the highest KW hybrid (LP2×LP662) was composed of inbreds with high GCA for LPD, KDR and KWCMAX, revealing superior KW hybrids could be selected from the GCA of mentioned traits.

Diallel Analysis of Some Quantitative Traits in Egyptian cotton Varieties

Diallel Analysis of Some Quantitative Traits in Egyptian cotton Varieties

Selection of common bean parents and segregating populations targeting fusarium wilt resistance and grain yield

The present work aimed to select populations for the breeding of common bean targeting fusarium wilt resistance and grain yield. Twelve carioca bean lines, which mainly differ in fusarium wilt resistance and grain yield, were crossed in a 6x6 partial diallel scheme. The parents and their 36 F1’s hybrids were evaluated for fusarium wilt severity caused by FOP isolate UFV 01 (FWS), and grain yield (YIELD). 34 F4’s populations, 12 parents and three other lines were also evaluated for grain yield per plant. The data of F1's parents and hybrids were submitted to diallel analysis. Using the grain yield data per plant, the potential of the 34 F4’s populations was predicted by the Jinks and Pooni method (1976). In the diallel analysis, BRSMG Talismã, CVIII 8511, BRS Pérola, VC 25 and VC 13 stood out in terms of the frequency of favorable alleles for FWS. Except for BRSMG Uai and IAC Formoso, these lines presented the most dominant genes associated in Fusarium wilt resistance. For YIELD, there was a predominance of dominant genes determining higher yield. The 20 F4’s populations with the highest potential included the best 12 of the 20 populations, based on diallel analysis for YIELD. Thus, the 12 populations received the addition of four that were highlighted only by the methodology of Jinks and Pooni (1976), and four based on diallel analysis, which totaled 20 populations. The use of information from more advanced inbreeding generations in complementarity with those of diallel is a promising strategy.

Use of Graphical and Numerical Approaches for Diallel Analysis of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Varying Environmental Conditions

Improving yield is the main aim of plant breeders. In the case of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), a major challenge in this regard is genotype–environment interactions, and a knowledge of these is required to successfully select high-yielding genotypes. In this study, graphical and numerical approaches of diallel analysis have been used to reveal such interactions. Ten different wheat genotypes were crossed using a half-diallel approach. The parents, hybrids, and standard checks were evaluated at the Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Gujarat, Anand, India under both standard and late-sown conditions in two separate years (E1 and E2 (normal-18 November 2018 and late sown-10 December 2018, respectively, Rabi 2018–2019), E3 and E4 (normal-18 November 2019 and late sown-10 December 2019, respectively, Rabi 2019–2020)). For each sowing, ‘t2’ values were calculated for eleven phenotypic characteristics: days to 50% heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, length of main stem, number of spikelets per main spike, number of grains per main spike, grain yield per main spike, grain yield per plant, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index. Components of the gene effect revealed that the number of spikelets per main spike in E2 and E4, and the number of grains per main spike in E2 were governed by both additive and dominance gene action across the environments. Other characteristics were the greater influence of the dominance gene effect, except for days to 50% heading in E1, E2, E3, and E4; days to maturity in E2, E3, and E4; grain yield per main spike in E4. Many characteristics exhibited overdominance, an asymmetrical distribution of positive–negative, dominance–recessive genes, and narrow-sense heritability in all environments. In graphical analysis, regression value ‘b’ was unity for days to 50% heading (E1 and E4) and 1000-grain weight (E3 and E4), which revealed an absence of digenic interactions for these characteristics in the respective environments. Therefore, a given population may be improved to isolate superior recombinants for the development of desired parents in future breeding programs.

Combining abilities of soybean progenies and bradyrhizobium strains for biological nitrogen fixation

AbstractWe aim to study the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) ability of soybean (Glycine max) progenies and their ability for symbioses using different Bradyrhizobium strains, as well as select progenies and strains that are more efficient in BNF to guide strategies in soybean breeding. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, evaluating 24 soybean progenies and five Bradyrhizobium strains. Mean values from analysis of variance were compared by the Scott–Knot test, and partial diallel analysis was performed to estimate general and specific combining ability. Following analysis of the greenhouse experiment, 10 soybean progenies and two Bradyrhizobium strains (SEMIA 587 and INPA 03–11B) were selected to carry out a field trial experiment. Biological nitrogen fixation was affected by genotype, strain, and genotype × strain interactions. Additive effects were predominant on the traits related to BNF, indicating that recurrent selection could be an effective breeding strategy. The progenies showed higher values for the traits related to field nodulation but did not improve seed yield. The EA‐8 progeny stood out for high yield and had good results in traits related to BNF and early maturity. The INPA 03–11B strain had the best result for seed yield, indicating high potential for use as an inoculant in soybean crops.

Diallel Analysis of Dry Bean Varieties for Seed Yield and Important Traits for Calcareous Soils

Diallel Analysis of Dry Bean Varieties for Seed Yield and Important Traits for Calcareous Soils

Selecting tropical wheat genotypes through combining ability analysis.

The selection of parents to originate promising base populations, as well as the knowledge of the gene effects controlling agronomic traits by means of diallel, are useful to drive genetic gains in Brazilian tropical wheat breeding programs. The goals of this study were to select tropical wheat parents with a high frequency of favorable alleles and segregating populations with high potential to originate superior progenies through partial diallel analysis. Thus, 14 parents were divided in two groups and crossed in a 7 × 7 partial diallel scheme to originate 49 F1 combinations. After obtaining F2 generation, the populations and the parents were evaluated in the field in the summer of 2021. Days for heading, plant height, rust and yellow spot resistance, and grain yield were evaluated. The data were subjected to partial diallel analysis. There were significant effects of general combining ability for all traits. The specific combining ability effect was significant for days for heading and plant height. The additive gene effects were predominant over the non-additive ones. The parents with the highest frequency of favorable alleles for the traits evaluated were selected in each group. Four populations with high genetic potential to originate superior progenies were selected.

Determination of Combining Ability and Heredity Through Diallel Analysis Method in F2 Populations of Cowpea

Cowpea is an essential economic crop in underdeveloped and developing countries mainly grown by small farmers. The parents and F2 populations obtained for the F1 generation were planted, in 3 rows of 2 m in length, with row spacing of 45 cm, row spacing of 10 cm and in the ecological conditions of Konya in 2021. The 20 F2 populations and 5 parents were evaluated in the 2021 grown season. General combining ability (GCA) effects for various parents differed significantly. “Sırma” gave significant, positive GCA effects for the number of pod per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed yield per plant and protein yield in plant. Significant, positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects were smaller and less significant than GCA effects. The non-additive dominant gene effect was determined for all the traits. Heterosis of the F2 over the high-parent was observed in five F2 populations. In the terms of combining ability for yield, the best parent was “Sırma”. The heterosis for a yield of F2 hybrids resulted mainly from an increased number of seeds per plant, hundred seed weight. These results suggest that high yielding F2 cowpea populations can be developed that may contain acceptable levels of superior agronomic and technological characteristics.

Genetic Variability Studies in F2 Generations of Determinate High Yield Fresh Bean Lines for Seed Yield and Yield Components

Fresh bean is the most important pulse crop which are sold fresh, canned, and frozen. The genetic variability and association studies help in selection which would increase the yield potential of fresh bean. The experiment was conducted using randomized block design in 2021 at Konya with 25 genotypes (5 parents and 20 F2 Population). General and special combination abilities, heterosis and heterobeltiosis values, broad and narrow sense heritability, as well as the relationships between the investigated traits, were determined in the parent and F2 hybrids suitable for the diallel analysis method. It was found that there is an additive gene effect in the inheritance of the seed yield trait, and non-additive gene effect in the inheritance of the protein ratio trait. It was determined that the heritability in the narrow sense was low for the seed yield and protein ratio traits. It was also determined that non-additive gene effects were effective in the inheritance of seed yield and protein ratio traits. In F2 generation, the mean heterosis value determined in terms of seed yield was positive and the mean heterobeltiosis value was negative. As a result of this research, a sufficient level of genetic variation was determined in the population, considering the agronomic characteristics examined. Determination of suitable parents and hybrids for green bean breeding in terms of sustainability of calcareous soils, agronomic characteristics and inheritance of these parents and hybrids were determined.

Diallel Analysis for Yield and Quality Characteristics in Melon

Aims: To estimate the effects of general and specific combinatorial fitness in parents and progeny on yield and fruit quality related traits of melon.&#x0D; Study Design: A completely randomized block design with three replications was used to estimate the analysis of variance and the effects of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The genetic analysis was carried out based on the Griffing Method II dialelic design (1956) with fixed effects model. Tukey P=.05 mean comparison analysis.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in two stages. In stage 1, seed production of the parents and crosses was carried out at the Physiotechnical Greenhouse of the of the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila. Mexico, between April and July 2021. In stage 2, the evaluation of the parents and progeny was carried out between August and November 2021 in the agricultural field "La Jaroza", Paila, Coahuila. México.&#x0D; Methodology: In the present study, seven melon parents were analyzed. The parents were crossed in all possible combinations, without reciprocal crosses, resulting in 21 progenies, a total of 28 genotypes evaluated.&#x0D; Results: The results showed significant differences between genotypes, general and specific combining ability effects (GCA and SCA) for almost all variables, except fruit number. The parent "(E x L)" showed the best yield and GCA effects, and participated in most of the outstanding crosses in yield, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness, seed cavity and soluble solids. The "N x (E x L)" progeny excelled in yield and average fruit weight in SCA.&#x0D; Conclusion: The parent "(E x L)" showed the best yield and GCA effects and participated in most of the outstanding crosses in yield, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness, seed cavity and soluble solids. The progeny "N x (E x L)" excelled in yield in SCA.

Combining Ability, Heritability and Genetic Variance in Tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum) Genotypes

A study was conducted to determine gene actions controlling yield and other qualitative traits of tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum) as well as combining ability among selected genotypes at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso during the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. Five tomato genotypes and ten offspring (F1), obtained from a 5×5 diallel crosses were sown in plots, arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design, with three replicates. Data were collected on plant height (PH), number of cluster per plant, days to 50% flowering (50%FL), individual fruit weight (IFW), number of fruits per plant (NFPP), pericarp thickness (PT), number of lobe (NOL), number of seeds per fruit (NSPF), fruit lycopene (LYCOP), ascorbic acid content (ASCO) and fruit yield (YH). Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (P=0.05). Also, diallel analysis was carried out to determine the General and Specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA) of the parents and hybrids respectively, following the Griffing (1956) Method II for partial diallel analysis. Results obtained showed significant differences among the genotypes, for all the characters measured. Also, non-additive and additive gene actions were responsible for the genetic control of the traits. The ratio of GCA and SCA were &lt; 1 for Plant height, CPPL, 50%FL, IFW, NFPP, PT, NOL, NSPF, LYCOP, ASCO and YH thus revealing the preponderance of non-additive gene action. GCA analysis suggested that parents Uc-op and Ibadan-local were the best general combiners while, SCA performance suggested that FDT4 X FDT2 was the best specific combiner. Broad sense heritability for NOL, NSPF, LYCOP, and ASCO were above 90%, indicating that they were highly heritable while narrow sense heritability of NOL was very high (55% and 83% respectively), PH, NSPF, NFPPL and LYCOP were moderate ranging between 20% and 38%. It is concluded that high yielding tomato hybrids, best combiners and a guide line for the assessment of relative parents breeding potential of the parents could be established following diallel technique.

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS IN SPRING BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) FOR YIELD TRAITS

For assessing the combining ability, the top cross method proved more economical and less laborious compared with the diallel analysis. It also allows the breeder to obtain valuable information about the inbred lines and their hybrids for various traits. In the existing research, determining the combining ability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) hybrids took place in two regions of Kazakhstan with contrasting soil and climatic conditions. The additive and non-additive genes played a vital role in determining almost all the traits in barley. Analysis of variance showed varying significance among the barley cultivars and their hybrids and testing sites for the majority of the traits. Analysis of variance also revealed significant differences in general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) among the parental cultivars and their hybrids in barley. The predominance of additive gene interactions in controlling the traits under environmental conditions of the Aral Sea region indicates the possibility of effective selection already in the F2 generation. However, in the piedmont zone of the Almaty region, the dominant genes managed the traits, and thus, necessary to differentiate the hybrid populations, starting from the first generation, until further selection from several cycles achieved the homozygosis of loci carrying dominant genes. Barley cultivars, Rihane, WI2291/Roho/WI2269 (ICARDA), and the tester, Odessa-100 (Odessa Selection and Genetic Institute, Ukraine), showed greater practical interest and therefore, recommended for use as reliable donors in future breeding programs.

Genetic Variability, Diversity, Heterosis and Combining Ability in Sponge Gourd [Luffa cylindrica (Roem.) L.

This experiment was conducted at Mandouri farm, Horticultural Research Station, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyala (BCKV), West Bengal, India during March, 2014 to July, 2018. The objectives of the research were to determine genetic variability, phenotypic performance and diversity for yield and 17 yield attributing traits of the 45 sponge gourd germplasm. To study the heterosis and combining ability of parental lines with half diallel analysis for earliness and yield contributing characters. PCV (phenotypic coefficient of variation) was higher than GCV (genotypic coefficient of variation) for all the traits studied. Higher PCV and GCV were recorded for traits namely number of primary branches plant-1, number of fruiting nodes on main stem, sex ratio (male/female), fruits plant-1 and fruit yield plant-1. Based on Mahalanobis’ D2 statistic, the genotypes of sponge gourd were grouped into 7 different clusters. Fruit yield plant-1, weight of fruit and number of fruiting nodes on main stem had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. Among the parents, Patna Local, IC-336759 and IC-284795 showed high significant positive GCA effects as well as per se performance for yield and yield related attributes. Additive as well as non-additive gene action regulating the different traits. The traits under non additive gene action. The magnitude of standard heterosis was found in desirable direction for early and yield traits viz., days to first pistillate flower appearance in the cross IC284795×Patna Loca (-23.07%), for 50% flowering in the cross IC-284795×Patna Local (-18.89%), sex ratio in the cross IC-336759×Patna Local (-53.41%), for number of fruit vine-1 in the cross IC-284795×Patna Local (34.56%) and average fruit weight in the cross IC336759×Patna Local (110.09%). Promising germplasm Patna Local may be subjected for regional yield trail along with released variety with a view to develop new variety of sponge gourd. The superior hybrids can be exploited for hybridization programme.

Diallel Analysis of Grain Yield and Some Important Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat

Horticulture Crops Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.

Half Diallel Analysis and Heat Stress Tolerance Indices for Grain Yield in Bread Wheat

Half Diallel Analysis and Heat Stress Tolerance Indices for Grain Yield in Bread Wheat

Stability Analysis of Quality Protein Maize Hybrids Qualitative and Quantitative Traits under Heat Stress across Different Environments of Prayagraj District in Central India

Maize, also known as corn (Zea mays .L), is one of the world's most important cereal crops. Maize is the only food cereal crop that can be produced throughout the year and requires a moderate environment to thrive. This study claims to determine whether such a statement is accurate and to examine stability in terms of gene action. The study was carried out in three research sites representative different places in CRF, SHUATS, Prayagraj City at an elevation of 98 meters above sea level at 25.87ON latitude and 81.54 OE longitude. and all the locations has sub-tropical climate with extremes of summer and winter. During winter season especially in month of December and January, temperature drops down to as low as 1-20 C, while during summer the temperature reaches up to 450C (NICMEIT 2022). This experiment was undertaken under Randomized Block Design with three replications for assessing their stability. The mean squares due to genotypes, parents, hybrids, and parent vs. hybrids were very significant for all eighteen quantitative and qualitative characters under study, according to the analysis of variance for diallel analysis (model I method II). A stability study was carried out to determine the grain yield of 45 maize hybrids under three environments (E1, E2 and E3), using Eberhart and Russel model. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed the mean squares due to general combing ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) were highly significant for all characters studied. Inbred lines P4, P5 and P2 showed significant to highly significant positive GCA effects on grain yield per plant and its attributes, indicating that both parents were good general combiners for this trait. Four hybrids (P5 X P7, P5 X P6, P4 X P8 and P4 X P5) exhibited significant to highly significant SCA effects for grain yield per plant. The estimates of standard heterosis over the best check (HQPM-5) for grain yield per plant revealed five top cross combinations (P5 X P7, P5 X P6, P4 X P8, P5 X P9 and P4 X P5), exhibiting highly significant positive standard heterosis regarding their high and stable performance across environments. The single cross hybrids over all the environments P5 X P6, P5 X P7 and P4 X P5 were found promising for the majority of characters studied, with high mean performance across environments. Based on a regression coefficient close to unity (βi ≈1) and a non-significant deviation from regression (s2di), indicating their adaptability across all environments investigated, best performing hybrids were identified according to three different environments in E1, E2 and E3 were P1 X P6, P2 X P4, P2 X P6, P2 X P8, P3 X P5, P4 X P5, P4 X P7, P4 X P10, P5 X P6, P5 X P7, P6 X P8, P7 X P8, P7 X P9, regression coefficient near to unity (βi ≈1) and non-significant deviation from regression (s2di) there by indicating its adaptability over all environments, thus indicating stable performance in different environments for most of the characters.

Additive and Non-Additive Effects on the Control of Key Agronomic Traits in Popcorn Lines under Contrasting Phosphorus Conditions.

Phosphorus is a non-renewable natural resource that will run out of reserves in the upcoming decades, making it essential to understanding the inheritance of nutrient use efficiency for selecting superior genotypes. This study investigated the additive and non-additive effects of commercially relevant traits for the popcorn crop (grain yield—GY, popping expansion—PE, and expanded popcorn volume per hectare—PV) in different conditions of phosphorus (P) availability in two locations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Six S7 lines previously selected for P use—L59, L70, and P7, efficient and responsive; and L54, L75, and L80, inefficient and non-responsive—were used as testers in crosses with 15 progenies from the fifth cycle of intrapopulation recurrent selection of UENF-14, with adaptation to the North and Northwest regions of Rio de Janeiro State. Using the Griffing diallel analysis, P use efficiency was predominantly additive in the expression of PE, and non-additive effects were prominent for GY and PV. For obtaining genotypes that are efficient for phosphorus use, it is recommended that heterosis with parents that provide additive gene accumulation for PE be explored.

Combining ability and selection of wheat populations for a tropical environment

The selection of segregating populations with the potential for derived lines is essential for breeding programs. The present work analyzes the potential of tropical F2 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations originated from complete diallel cross combinations. For this purpose, eight tropical wheat cultivars were combined in a complete diallel design in 2019 after F1 seeds were multiplied in a greenhouse and the seeds of 56 F2 populations, plus the eight parents, were evaluated in the field in Viçosa, MG, Brazil in the winter harvest of 2020 using a simple lattice design (8×8). The trait scores of (1) severity of tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), (2) severity of wheat head blast (WHB) (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum), (3) days to heading, (4) spike height, (5) and total grain weight of the plot were evaluated. We performed a diallel analysis using mixed models to obtain the effects of general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and estimation of population genotypic values. The additive effect predominated for the control of all traits, except for spike height. There were greater GCA effects for the set of parental maternal plants. Heritability, in the narrow sense, ranged from 0.20 (blast) to 0.66 (heading). There was an effect of maternal GCA for all variables, while for paternal GCA the effect was only for days passed for head and total grain weight. Populations derived from the cultivars TBIO Aton, TBIO Ponteiro, and TBIO Sossego had lower disease severity, while the combinations from BRS 254, BRS 264, and BRS 394 had earlier maturation time. The most promising combinations to derive lines for the set of traits were BRS 254 × CD 1303, BRS 394 × TBIO Aton, TBIO Aton × BRS 254, CD 1303 × BRS 254, and CD 1303 × BRS 264.