Dialectical Categories Research Articles

A dialectical approach to the study of the financial mechanism for ensuring public welfare

Purpose. The aim of the article is scientific substantiation of theoretical and methodological bases of the financial mechanism for ensuring public welfare with application of a dialectical method of scientific knowledge. Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study is formed by the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, which involves the application of basic laws, principles and categories of dialectics. The following methods are used in the article: analysis and synthesis, generalization – in the study of literature sources on the research topic; abstractions, inductions, deductions, ascent from the abstract to the concrete – in the disclosure of the financial mechanism of ensuring public welfare in terms of the laws of dialectics, the use of dialectical categories, the separation of its functions. Findings. The financial mechanism for ensuring public welfare is characterized on the basis of the new interpretation of the basic laws of dialectics, which eliminates their ambivalence from the following positions: the sequence of causal interaction of its qualitative, quantitative and ordinal parameters; the result of the interaction of the interests of all economic entities involved in the process of forming the parameters of public welfare, which is expressed in the configuration and parameters of the components of the financial mechanism; sequence of transformations of the financial mechanism of ensuring public welfare on the basis of change of a configuration of interaction of its various qualities under the influence of external and internal factors. The application of the basic categories of dialectics made it possible to reveal the financial mechanism of ensuring public welfare in essence, as a phenomenon, in form and content, as well as to distinguish its functions. Originality. The scientific and theoretical foundations of the financial mechanism of social welfare have been developed with the application of a new interpretation of the basic laws of dialectics. The most general, as well as specific properties and characteristics of this financial mechanism are revealed with the help of dialectical categories. Practical value. Deepening the theoretical basis of the financial mechanism of ensuring public welfare will create the preconditions for improving the effectiveness of its elements in financial practice. Key words: financial mechanism of ensuring public welfare, dialectical method, laws of dialectics, dialectical categories, ambivalence.

Трошкина И.Н., Смолина И.Г. Государственная семейная политика как основа функционирования современной семьи (региональный аспект)

The object of the study is family policy, the subject of the study is the state family policy as the basis for the functioning of the family (regional aspect). The article examines aspects of the component impact of state family policy, in particular at the federal and regional levels (based on the materials of the Republic of Khakassia); highlights the stages of development of family policy in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Khakassia. Special attention is paid to the dynamics of the regulatory component of family policy, social support of the family, the regional component of family policy. Attention is focused on the features of family support in the main areas in the region. The methodological basis of the research consists of the principles and categories of dialectics, methods of analysis and synthesis, system-structural and functional analysis of social systems. Empirical base – materials of current reports of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Khakassia, statistical materials, regulatory and legislative acts, concepts of family policy. The main conclusions are the following: 1. State family policy of Russia for the period XX – beginning. The XXI century has passed four stages of its development, the regional level is experiencing the third stage of formation. 2. The dynamics of the main components of family policy has a cyclical spiral trend. 3. The component of the legislative and regulatory framework is more susceptible to dynamics, less so is the regional family policy. 4. The component of regional family policy in Khakassia is characterized by a "catch-up" character, a minimal system of support for families. The main contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is the study of the dynamics of the main components of state family policy, the foundations of family policy in the Republic of Khakassia. The novelty of the research lies in the study of the regional component of the state family policy.

Patriotism and Friendship of Peoples as the Basic Determinants of the Russian Civilization

Introduction. The article examines the nature and essence of patriotism and friendship of peoples, their crucial role for the life of the Russian Federation. Over the past decades, radical changes have taken place in the political system of Russia, its social and ethnic structure, and a heterogeneous ethno-confessional society has been formed. The author shows that patriotism and friendship of peoples are the most important determinants, specific properties necessary for the integration of our multinational federation ensuring order and stability in the country, its sustainable and dynamic development, the gradual formation of new supra-ethnic and supra-confessional values, and general cultural identity. Methods. The combination of applying methods and approaches is the key to studying the theory and practice of patriotism, recognizing its procedural nature, unity and opposition in the activities of the state and society, the interests of the government, political parties and social groups. The use of the polyparadigmatic methodology in studying the nature and essence of patriotism, in particular, the activity and civilizational approaches, the synergetic method, dialectic categories made it possible to determine the complexity and continuity of the formation of patriotism and patriotic work, to reveal dynamism and conflict, general and special features in them. Analysis. Studying the real state of Russian society points to the weakness of systemic activities of patriotic education, preserving and strengthening the unity and friendship between nations. The lack of a common goal problematizes the search for a common patriotic idea, new foundations for Russian civilization, the common existence of nations, the construction of a welfare state and a harmonious society. Results. The article reveals inadequacy of the declared ideas of patriotism and friendship of peoples to the policy and practice of implementing neoliberal values and the priority of individualism. The author shows that the process of further fragmentation and stratification, alienation and separation of people according to racial, national, ethnic, cultural, religious, confessional, generational, professional and other characteristics continues in society. The transition of already atomized individuals from the ethnic mentality and national behavioral stereotypes to a single patriotic goal – the all-Russian identity – is formal. Today, the activity on the formation of patriotism and patriotic attitudes of consciousness does not affect the deep, essential foundations of society, is of a festival and manipulative nature, and in many respects concerns only the military sphere, tourism and sports. The notes mentioned create significant difficulties in understanding the idea of the common welfare, genuine and false in patriotism, the definition of objective interests of the state, authority and society, social groups and individual elites. Modern globalization inevitably involves taking into account the national interests of Russia, the search for optimal forms of interconnection of civilizational and universal principles.

The Model of Fundamental Chemical Training of Bachelors of Technical and Technological Directions in the Conditions of Blended Learning

Introduction. The core of technical knowledge is formed by the fundamental mathematical, physical and chemical knowledge, which is necessary for creation and improvement of devices, materials and technologies, competent implementation of production operations and use of various chemicals in the industrial sphere, taking into account their influence on the environment and the human body. Fundamental chemical training plays a significant role in the formation of chemical competency and development of the components of cross-cultural, general professional and professional competencies of future engineers. However, the analysis of educational practice demonstrates the discrepancy between the level of fundamental chemical training of graduates and the modern requirements to engineering education.Methodology and research methods. The research was carried out on the basis of multilevel methodology including dialectical principles, categories and regularities of the knowledge theory. The key ideas of the system-based, person-oriented, integrative, technological, competency-based, information-and-activity-ba- sed and environmental approaches were employed. The methods of comparative analysis and conceptual modelling were used. The assessment of the results of a pedagogical experiment was conducted by means of the method of diagnostics of reflexive abilities and the median method; the coefficient of system knowledge was calculated on the basis of the component analysis of the formed competencies.Results and scientific novelty. The concept and the structural-functional model of the fundamental chemical training of bachelors in the information-and-activity-based educational environment of blended learning have been proposed. This model provides a holistic framework for the interconnected target, content, organisational and administrative, procedural activity-based and productive evaluative blocks. Moreover, the model accumulates the achievements in the field of e-learning and involves the acquisition of the subject (chemical), methodological invariants and the variable component of the academic programme that together constitute the fundamental chemical training. An e-learning course based on videoconferencing and Web 2.0 technologies allows teachers to efficiently integrate classroom and independent work of students and to upgrade lectures and practicals. Modern pedagogical project-based technologies, gradual development of critical thinking, sustainable implementation of elements of research work into laboratory chemical practicum contribute to the positive dynamics of the quality of students’ acquired knowledge and skills. The approbation of the model, which was carried out inSiberianFederalUniversity from 2015 to 2018, has confirmed its efficiency. The results of the model adaptation are demonstrated in the present article.Practical significance. As presented by the author of publication, the theoretical-methodological bases of fundamental chemical training of the bachelors, enrolled in a wide range of programmes of technical and technological directions, can considerably improve the effectiveness of vocational education and increase the competitiveness of graduates in the labour market.

Framing as a method of creating a film's metaphorical context

This essay continues the study of the semiotics and synergetics of Framing in the Art of Cinematography which substantiates the hypothesis that framing (perspective) constitutes one of the most important codes of screen communication in its cinematographic and metaphorical contexts. Thus, framing is represented by two hierarchical levels of representation of contextual semiotic connections: the connection between mise-en-cadre and mise-en-scne (the level of the cinematographic form of film sign); and the relationship between cinematographic imagery, action and meaning (the level of the cinema sign).
 Framing consolidates the process of cinematography divided by the artistic and production dichotomy, which is especially important in the context of mass culture determined by the total industrialization of all areas of life, including cinema.
 The essay is based on the statement of Sergei Eisenstein that each high film work has the unity of two dialectical categories: the content (abstract language, part of logical thinking) and the form (emotional language, part of emotional-sensory thinking). It identifies and analyzes the spatial-temporal and linear-tonal features of cinematic framing as a method of expressing the metaphorical existential context of the crisis of Russian self-identification, using as examples a number of expressive episodes of the documentary film Anna: 618 (1980-1993; dir. Nikita Mikhalkov, DOPs: Pavel Lebeshev, Vadim Yusov, Vadim Alisov, and Elizbar Karavaev). This film work is explored as a study of the socio-cultural situation in modern Russia undertaken from a multi-faceted and multi-level authorial perspective associated with expressive cinematographic framing.

Понятия «идеал» и «идеальное» в творчестве Э.В. Ильенкова

The terms ‘ideals’ and ‘ideal’ are analyzed in the works of the researcher of Marxist-Leninist dialectics E.V. Ilyenkov from the ethical and philosophical perspective. The doctrine of the ideal is specified as an objectified form and the law of the existence of diverse phenomena reflected in the spiritual culture of society. The dialectical categories of the ideal and the real are considered. There is a need for the dynamic development of ideas about the ideal and ideals where the ideal and the insights into ideals are compared by E.V. Ilyenkov with a mirror effect and expressed in spiritual forms of culture: religion, art, or science. In his opinion, the purity and truth of ideals are reflected in rational and dialectical thinking. Everything that exists in society should not be considered unchanged and fair. Imperfect public systems created by a person should be fixed by constant movement; they take on a new meaning when they dynamically change and evolve. The author concludes that the creation and precondition of ideals are the absence of isolation, an inseparable link with the social and economic living conditions. The study reveals that dialectical thinking based on the rational cognition of being facilitates the true comprehension of ideals by a person.

Спадкове правонаступництво в цивільному праві України: проблемно-теоретичний аспект

The institution of succession is a complex system of constructs. Depending on the method of organization and construction of the whole from the constituent parts, different variations of the design of hereditary legal succession are observed. In turn, modern socioeconomic conditions significantly accelerate a person’s life cycle, which draws increased attention to their rights and obligations, which will be transferred by legal succession to other persons – heirs. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to conduct a comprehensive study of the institution of succession in the civil law of Ukraine through the lens of theoretically substantiated issues in the context of the qualitative transformations of the relevant legal relations and their legal regulation. To achieve this goal, the author used the laws and categories of dialectics, formal and logical techniques, means of hermeneutics. The general methodological basis of the article was the dialectical method of cognition. As a result of the study, the author ascertained the limitation of the role of the family support function in the succession law of Ukraine and the development of the concept of a singular succession therein. The author substantiates the conclusion that the legal succession of certain objects of civil law is either not subject to civil law regulation at all, or confirms that the singular nature of inheritance of objects of civil law is inherent in succession law. The author also performed a research of universal and singular succession through the lens of their genesis from legal regulation of the times of Ancient Rome to today. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, the most pressing issues in the field of succession in civil law of Ukraine were outlined, which require their gradual and balanced solution by consolidating the efforts of representatives of the doctrine and practice in order to unify, update, and as a result – qualitatively reform the legal regulation of the institution of hereditary legal succession in Ukraine in the context of the positive experience of other states and its gradual testing at the national level.

Этнокультурные особенности современной хакасской семьи

Purpose. For identification of ethnocultural features of the modern Khakass family in the Republic of Khakassia we used empirical material, generalized on the basis of interviews and questionnaires. The object of the study is the culture of the ethnic group, the subject of the study is the ethnocultural features of the modern family. The article discusses the main components of the family from the perspective of material and spiritual foundations of the ethnic community. The author pays special attention to the objects belonging to the Khakass family material culture and describes elements that refer to modern processes and activities. The methodological basis of the study includes principles and categories of dialectics, methods of analysis and synthesis, systemic and structural analysis of social systems. The empirical base is the materials obtained by using included observation, in the process of expert interviews and analyzing questionnaires. Results. As a result of our research we conclude that the dynamics of ethnocultural foundation of the Khakass family in the early 21st century, which includes elements of labor culture and daily life, develops intensively in the material culture. The spiritual basis of the ethnic group (its religious platform, traditions and customs, as well as the language) is being somewhat modernized due to new realia but is quite stable and experiences little transformation. Revitalization of cultural symbols is accompanied by decrease in the number of the Khakass language speakers but is also characterized by a desire for establishing a monolithic Khakass ethnic community on the basis of the Sagay-Kachinsky component. The author’s main contribution to the study of the topic is the study of modern cultural foundations of the family in the Khakass ethnic group. The novelty of the study refers to the regional component of the ethnocultural aspect in considering the Khakass family.

Hereditary Legal Succession in the Civil Law of Ukraine: Problematic and Theoretical Aspect

The institution of succession is a complex system of constructs. Depending on the method of organization and construction of the whole from the constituent parts, different variations of the design of hereditary legal succession are observed. In turn, modern socioeconomic conditions significantly accelerate a person’s life cycle, which draws increased attention to their rights and obligations, which will be transferred by legal succession to other persons – heirs. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to conduct a comprehensive study of the institution of succession in the civil law of Ukraine through the lens of theoretically substantiated issues in the context of the qualitative transformations of the relevant legal relations and their legal regulation. To achieve this goal, the author used the laws and categories of dialectics, formal and logical techniques, means of hermeneutics. The general methodological basis of the article was the dialectical method of cognition. As a result of the study, the author ascertained the limitation of the role of the family support function in the succession law of Ukraine and the development of the concept of a singular succession therein. The author substantiates the conclusion that the legal succession of certain objects of civil law is either not subject to civil law regulation at all, or confirms that the singular nature of inheritance of objects of civil law is inherent in succession law. The author also performed a research of universal and singular succession through the lens of their genesis from legal regulation of the times of Ancient Rome to today. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, the most pressing issues in the field of succession in civil law of Ukraine were outlined, which require their gradual and balanced solution by consolidating the efforts of representatives of the doctrine and practice in order to unify, update, and as a result – qualitatively reform the legal regulation of the institution of hereditary legal succession in Ukraine in the context of the positive experience of other states and its gradual testing at the national level.

"Your Sound Is Like Your Sweat": Miles Davis's Disembodied Sound Discourse

"Your Sound Is Like Your Sweat":Miles Davis's Disembodied Sound Discourse Kelsey A. K. Klotz (bio) In 1954, Miles Davis returned to New York after ridding himself of his heroin habit cold turkey at home in East St. Louis. With an image tarnished in the jazz press through association with the drug, a sound that had been described by Barry Ulanov as "feeble," and a career that Leonard Feather characterized as "slipping away from him," Davis sought to rebuild himself.1 Boxer Sugar Ray Robinson (1921–1989) became the "hero-image" after whom Davis fashioned his new stance.2 An amateur boxer in his own right, Davis idolized Robinson as both a fighter and a public figure: he actively began to embody Robinson's "cold" and "arrogant attitude," and he even trained at Robinson's gym (Silverman's Gym) and ate in his restaurant and bar.3 Furthermore, in interviews throughout his life, Davis frequently mapped boxing techniques onto his discussions of musical performance, comparing the importance of style, practice, and rhythm between each.4 In doing so, Davis implied a relationship between music and embodiment in which playing a musical instrument required physical engagement—and further, physical domination—like that of boxers.5 Davis's discussions of the moves and techniques of his favorite boxers went beyond those of a casual hobbyist, and his emulation of boxer Sugar Ray Robinson exceeded simple fandom. Gerald Early argues that Robinson was not simply a boxing hero to Davis, but rather played a formative role in Davis's construction of a "mythology of black masculinity" that relied on the physical embodiment of both discipline and pleasure.6 The body played an important role in Davis's form of cool in the 1950s and 1960s, which Early describes as "a kind of black male existentialism that forged a moral code from the imperatives [End Page 33] of the male body as it alternately functioned as a symbol of engagement and detachment, of punishing discipline and plush pleasure that operated cooperatively, not in conflict, if rightly understood. . . . The body was the cosmos, the root of all self-consciousness that mattered." Davis's embodiment of both Apollonian and Dionysian forms of masculinity is evident in a 1968 discussion with drummer and interviewer, Arthur Taylor. Taylor asked Davis, "Why do you go to the gymnasium so often, Miles?"7 Davis responded, "I go to the gym to keep my body in shape, so I can hold notes longer, so my stomach will be flat and so I'll look handsome." Davis's answer spans the spectrum between the musical and the physical, the professional and the sensuous, indicating his preference for a variety of modes of embodied self-presentation. However, even as Davis boxed to keep himself "together, [his] body and [his] mind," his efforts played out in complicated and contradictory ways on the lives, bodies, and careers of those women with whom he came into contact. Writers from W.E.B. Du Bois to Ta-Nehisi Coates have described the constant sense of embodiment black Americans live with. As Coates writes, "Our world is physical. Learn to play defense—ignore the head and keep your eyes on the body."8 This particular form of embodiment—itself an imprint of slavery, colonialism, and violence—is part and parcel of what Frantz Fanon called "the black experience of living."9 Likewise, cultural theorist Stuart Hall has argued that black musicians' performances necessarily include the body "as if it was, and it often was, the only cultural capital we had. We have worked on ourselves as the canvases of representation."10 Davis was well aware of the embodiment of black lived experiences; in interviews throughout his life, Davis frequently talked about race and racism, maintaining a distinction between black music and white music that frequently hinged on "authentic" performances. But no matter how much Davis's self-image was rooted in the body, Davis also promoted his music through discourses of disembodiment, complicating the notion that black masculinity may only include two dialectical categories. Though the language of jazz criticism often revolved around racial binaries that hierarchically associated the body with blackness and the mind with whiteness...

ЗДОРОВ’ЯЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ В УМОВАХ СУСПІЛЬСТВА СПОЖИВАННЯ У СВІТЛІ ДІАЛЕКТИЧНИХ КАТЕГОРІЙ «СВОБОДА» І «НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ»

Introduction. Modern civilization both in a scientific-theoretical discourse and in an assessment by the persons not involved in science but with an active public position is endowed with such characteristics as crises, risks, dangers. At the same time, the cause of all the many crisis processes and phenomena in the modern consumer society as a product of the industrial era is bankrupting, first of all, in the field of value and motivational and volitional aspects of human activity. Now targets of all types of human activities, including health preservation, are permanently dependent on the imperatives of consumer profitability. Purpose: to investigate the specifics of the individual's health-preservation activity in a light of the dialectical categories of and necessity. Methods. Health is a complicated and multifaceted phenomenon the study of which requires a complex methodology that integrates the techniques of classical and non-classical philosophy. The methodological basis of this article is a comparative approach which made it possible to analyze the interaction of the dialectical categories and necessity in health preservation in today's consumption society. Results. In everyday life, freedom is likened to being able to make a choice. At the same time, it should be remembered that having a choice is only an outward sign of freedom. The qualitative characteristics of choice and therefore of the freedom of action in health preservation will always be determined by a number of existing opportunities and conventionalities that are grouped around knowledge about health, values, and money of a certain social entity. It is also important to take into account the important fact that in the space of consumption the freedom of choice in health-preserving activity often goes with stimulative practices on the part of manufacturers and suppliers and, as a consequence, formal health-preserving action on the part of a consumer. Conclusions. It would be too naive to think about humankind's immediate awareness of the need to create a global health-preserving paradigm based on healthy consumption. For such an optimistic development of events, modern civilization is too divergent in its socio-economic, geographical, political components. Now in Ukraine, the health-preserving activity of average consumers is carried out in the illusory freedom format provided by a wide variety of goods and services. Incompetence, dishonesty, uncontrollability in the production and quality of goods and services demonstrate the imaginableness of freedom on all matters pertaining to human health. At the same time, an objective need arises to be healthy in order to live a dignified life with creative inspiration and to raise our children with dignity. Unfortunately, today the quality of health-preserving activity of Ukrainians is exclusively in the space of their own actions and their personal responsibility.

THE HEALTH PRESERVATION IN A CONSUMER SOCIETY THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE DIALECTIC CATEGORIES OF “ESSENCE” AND “PHENOMENON”

Introduction. During each historical period, the issue of health preservation acquires new essence characteristics which are determined by the transformations of social systems. Under the modern overconsumption society circumstances, put on the current socio-economic and political situation in Ukraine, the problem of internal nature and systemic inter-influences of such phenomenon as health preservation becomes extremely stressed and urgent. Purpose: to analyze the semantic features of the dialectical categories of essence and phenomenon in the context of the personal health-preserving activity of the individual in today’s over-consumption society. Methods. Studying such phenomena as health and consumer society is interdisciplinary. Pluralism of approaches allows us to develop an effective theoretical and methodological basis in order to form alternative socio-philosophical views in the context of consumer risk reduction. The methodological basis of this article is a comparative approach which made it possible to match individual phenomena in health preservation in today’s consumption society. Results. Health preservation is often equated with caring for one’s physical and mental health, with healthy eating habits and sports. It is clear that for regular caregiving, the person must be motivated and characterized by willpower, self-discipline, and awareness of a healthy lifestyle. In other words, health preservation, as a process and as a phenomenon as a whole is extremely positive and beneficial in its essence. However, this positive characteristic of health preservation as a phenomenon would be real only if the person were not involved in other processes and phenomena that fundamentally change its positive nature. In the socio-cultural space of a consumer society, we have the opportunity to observe the distortion of the productive nature of health preservation, which is outlined not only by people’s desire to be healthy, and careful treatment of themselves but also by the artificially created motives and externally stimulated needs of their health-preserving activity. Conclusion. In a society of consumption, people’s health-preserving activity is in the space of increasing risks that are not being considered to be a threat because they are perceived as the satisfaction of needs and realization of desires. As a result, the substitution of concepts in the phenomenon of health preservation and distortion of its positive essence is taking place.

Teacher Training as a Prerequisite for the Development of the School Biological Education System in Ukraine

The article considers the school biological education as an integral pedagogical system with a certain structure. The purpose of the study is to outline the priority trends in training and advanced training of a biology teacher as an important active person in the system of school biological education for each period of its development. The benefit of this study is that the main trends in teacher training as an essential element of the school biological education system, which has its own history, determined by socio-political, economic, cultural factors of the social environment in accordance with the designated periodization of the school biological education system in Ukraine during the XX – early XXI centuries (4 periods), are analyzed. It is determined that the gnostic-professional component provides for the selection and implementation of progressive pedagogical experience as a scientific and methodological condition for the functioning of the system. The directions of increasing the efficiency of methodical work are determined. The author of the article has made a conclusion that the process of education transformation needs to improve the organizational, methodological, informational and scientific activities of methodological services through: improving the organizational support for the process of identifying objects of experience; forming the scientific and methodological competence of employees involved in this work and providing guidance to this process. In the author’s opinion, training a teacher for pedagogical creativity as an integral system is based on a combination of dialectical categories, they are: general (a component of the professional general pedagogical work of a teacher); special (a specificity, which is conditioned by the laws of the creative process and the formation of the creative personality) and individual (it reflects the dependence of training on the personal qualities of a teacher). The author also notes that quality, efficiency, choice and equal access to education as unified priorities of Ukrainian educational policy require constant attention to the systematic training of teachers with new professional qualities. The final line in the article is that the teacher’s self-education activity will remain relevant as a necessary factor for the development of Ukrainian national education.

A análise do conto “a menor mulher do mundo” de Clarice Lispector

O objetivo do texto é analisar o conto “A menor mulher do mundo” de Clarice Lispector sob a vertente do Materialismo Histórico e Dialético, em específico, as características do feminino no conto e sua relação com a categoria dialética conteúdo e forma. A Literatura em seu processo histórico-social demonstra por meio de suas personagens as transformações sociais de pensamentos, comportamentos, que refletem os anseios e as necessidades da sociedade em momentos pontuais. Na literatura brasileira esse processo também ocorre e pode servir de alicerce histórico e social ao leitor. No caso das personagens femininas, as transformações podem evidenciar o caráter discriminatório sofrido pela figura da mulher em diferentes âmbitos: social, político, religioso, cultural, psicológico, econômico, histórico. A análise do conto busca evidenciar o papel social da mulher no contexto de produção da narrativa, tendo como parâmetro o método dialético de Marx, cuja transformação da realidade prima pela compreensão da totalidade na qual está inserido o conto e suas inter-relações com a produção da personagem de Clarice Lispector. Para tanto, primeiro, faz-se necessária a compreensão dos conceitos de conteúdo e forma na perspectiva do materialismo histórico e dialético para o real entendimento do conto que se apresenta escrito na língua portuguesa e na inglesa. Em segundo, a apresentação do contexto histórico e social de produção da história. Para em terceiro, analisar o papel feminino no conto da personagem principal, articulando os conceitos de conteúdo e de forma, em comparação com a tradução de trechos da obra em inglês. A análise do conto nessa perspectiva teórica proporciona ao leitor o entendimento dos conceitos de conteúdo e forma, de maneira que se evidencia a importância do contexto histórico e social de produção para a compreensão da essência do conto. Percebe-se pela análise do feminino, que apesar das conquistas sociais atuais da mulher no país, ainda encontramo-nos subjugadas ao papel subalterno e coadjuvante no que concerne à transformação social, e, estando a margem do processo, nos cabe apenas a imagem romântica de símbolo de amor incondicional.

On the Depths of Surface: Strategies of Surface Aesthetics in The Bling Ring, Spring Breakers and Drive

The films The Bling Ring (Sofia Coppola, 2013), Spring Breakers (Harmony Korine, 2012), and Drive (Nicolas Winding Refn, 2011), were all dismissed for their depthlessness. This article argues that we need to explore the depths and variety of their engagement with surface in order to fully appreciate what these films are trying to say. The article proposes that these films in fact employ three different “strategies” of surface engagement, in and through their aesthetics; The Bling Ring relies on a sense of “skimming”, Spring Breakers engages ideas of “drifting”, while Drive promotes a sense of “gliding” or “coasting”. Analysis of these strategies of surface aesthetics reveals that the films make dialectic categories of depth and surface, sign and meaning, form and content, indistinguishable, and it is precisely in doing so that they offer complex critique on the crimes they display, and the state of our current hyper-mediated and networked world. These films are not only about the stories they tell but about how the very function that the films themselves perform is intricately intertwined with those stories. This makes the films self-reflexive and postmodern, but it also shows that surface itself, in the cinema, cannot and should not be dismissed as a monolithic, indeterminate nothing. The article argues that we must analyse and engage the depths of surface if we want to understand meaning in cinema today.

Dialectical categories, cardinalities of the continuum and combinatorics of ideals

Dialectical categories, cardinalities of the continuum and combinatorics of ideals

The Study on Blood Revenge of the North Caucasus Minority: Focusing on the Dialectic Categories of Forgiveness and Reconciliation

The Study on Blood Revenge of the North Caucasus Minority: Focusing on the Dialectic Categories of Forgiveness and Reconciliation

Everydayness of spirituality in optics of methodological analysis

The article deals with spirituality as immanent-transcendent essence of the human when the unity of the objective (external) world and internal light of human soul is the foundation of its existence-being in the integrity and perfection, the core of self-awareness by it its own deep I. Relying on the vita-cultural methodology of A. V. Furman and his scientific school, is shown that the depth of disclosure the phenomenon of spirituality depends on several factors, determining among which are personality of the researcher, perfect mastering by him the methodology of scientific cognition and his ability to samisno actualized spiritual practicing. Created categorical matrix of psycho-spiritual world of human which allows to achieve a categorical manner by implementing two methodological procedures: binary involvement of coordinate axis with dialectical categories “general – special – single – specific – universal” and determining of the center line of theorizing in a wide “cross-diagonal” range of its realization “spiritual reality – the spiritual maturity” and “Spirit – transpersonal boundary value-meanings”.

Construction of the work process of the Family Health Support Nucleus: the experience of pharmacists in a city in the south of Brazil

The Family Health Support Nucleus (NASF) was created in 2008 with the objective of broadening the range and scope of primary healthcare. The insertion of pharmacists in this multi-professional context represents an opportunity to enhance the working process and the rational access and use of medicines. The working processes of pharmacists in a city NASF was investigated. Field research was conducted using a qualitative approach with participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Two analytic dialectic categories emerged. The first was the pharmacists' dilemma in the construction of their working process as promoters of primary healthcare, while at the same time facing the need to deal with managerial functions mostly to cater to operational demand. The second was the reality experienced with guidelines and coordination of their work, where pharmacists can be free to structure their work as supporters, although at the same time it limits them due to lack of acknowledgment of their previously established working process. The lack of planning and a clear objective for work in the NASF, besides the deficiency of pharmaceutical services in primary healthcare make the development of any type of pharmacist activity important and essential even if it does not fully attend the NASF proposal.

KULTURA: MODELI I VREDNOSTI

Tekst preispituje, u okvirima filozofije kulture, generalno uzevši, kulturne obrasce kao istraživački problem, bilo da je reč o polaznim pretpostavkama o tome da se kultura može svesti na određene moduse postojanja, ili pak da su oni ishod, odnosno rezultat sprovedenih empirijskih istraživanja u oblasti kulturnog života, te polazište za buduće projekcije razvoja u kulturi. U vezi s ovim, nadalje, članak radikalno dovodi u pitanje namere naručilaca ovakvih projekata u oblasti kulture, koje se, po našem uverenju, sastoje u činjenici da se na temelju podataka dobijenih u empirijskim istraživanjima vrednuje, a potom i strateški planira budući kulturni razvoj, odnosno potencijalno upravlja glavnim tokovima kulturnog života određene sredine. Nasuprot empirijskim istraživanima sprovedenim u oblasti kulture, većinom svedenim na kvantitativne pokazatelje ili artefakt-analize, ovde se zalažemo za prethodno kritičko promišljanje šta jeste, zapravo, kultura, a potom i detaljno preispitivanje može li se ona uopšte redukovati na određene pojavne oblike, empirijske date ili obrasce, a da se njen pojam suštinski ne dovede u pitanje. Po našem mišljenju, u tesnom odnosu s pojmom kulture je ideja/ideal slobode, i nema istinske kulture bez procesa emancipacije. Sloboda je, otuda, osnovna pretpostavka (razvoja) kulture, ali ne kao unapred (za)data paradigma, već kao sredstvo i sam rezultat (cilj) kulturnog razvoja. Otuda nikakvi „nagoni za klasifikovanjem“, ničeovski rečeno, ne mogu prethoditi konstituisanju pojma kulture, dok se on u praksi ne identifikuje kao put ka ukupnoj emancipaciji čoveka i njegovog sveta (kulture).