Diagnosis Of Gynecological Diseases Research Articles

Gynecologic problems and healthcare behavior by shift patterns in Korean nursing staff.

We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of shift patterns at work on gynecologic problems and the healthcare behavior of Korean nursing staff. We conducted a web-based survey for over two weeks in September 2021, involving female nursing staff, including nurses, nurses' aides, and nursing assistants, working in five medical centers. The questionnaire included 40 questions on baseline characteristics, working information, and experiences with gynecologic problems and medical approaches. Overall, 885 nursing staffs participated in the survey, of the 1,904 who received the invitation with an online link of the survey. The response rate was 46.5%. Among the participants responding to all questions, 569 (64.4%) worked two or three shifts and 305 (34.5%) worked full-time. In women rotating two or three-shift patterns, irregular menstrual cycles (21.6% vs. 13.8%, p = 0.005), abnormal menstrual cycles (40.9% vs. 33.8%, p = 0.038), and dysmenorrhea (48.0% vs. 38.4%, p = 0.006) were more frequent than in those who worked full-time. The experience of visiting gynecologic clinics (47.5% vs. 44.1%, p = 0.332) and treating gynecologic conditions (33.4% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.211) did not differ according to the working patterns. However, diagnosis of gynecologic diseases was more frequent in women working full-time (36.4% vs. 29.7%, p = 0.043). The rates of screening (76.1% vs. 57.8%, p<0.001) and human papillomavirus vaccination (55.7% vs. 39.9%, p<0.001) for cervical cancer prevention were higher in women working full-time than in two-three shifts. This study showed that rotating shift work may be related to an increase in gynecologic problems and a decrease in cancer prevention activity among female nursing staff.

ORGANIZATION OF MEASURES FOR THE PREVENTION AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

The current demographic situation in Russia is characterized by a high frequency of male and female infertility, high childhood morbidity, an increased frequency of birth of children with genetic diseases, hereditary and congenital malformations. All this explains the need to protect the reproductive health of the younger generation. A significant number of organic and functional diseases of the female genital organs has been established to originate from childhood. In turn, the gynecological morbidity of girls and adolescent girls has a significant impact on the course of future pregnancies, childbirth, as well as fertility and the health of the offspring as a whole. There are obvious shortcomings in the provision of specialized care to girls, there are no regular gynecological examinations, despite the clinical examination of the population, most pediatricians, as well as parents, are not sufficiently aware of the features of the course in different forms of gynecological pathology in girls, which, together with the low appealability of girls to a pediatric gynecologist, fails to allow prevention, timely identify and treat disorders of the reproductive system in childhood and adolescence. The article presents the main forms of organization of activities for the prevention and early diagnosis of gynecological diseases of children and adolescents.

Сучасні підходи до лікування мастопатії у пацієнток репродуктивного віку

The aim of the study: to study the efficacy and safety of use Mastofemin in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. The study included 62 women of reproductive age (mean age of 33.5±2.3 years) who were screened in the Kiev city center reproductive and perinatal medicine. Women were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group consisted of 32 patients who received the proposed treatment using herbal remedies Mastofemin 1 capsule 2 times per day for 3 months; 30 patients of the second (control) group were under observation and received no treatment. These groups were representative and homogeneous on age, clinical symptoms and sonographic characteristics. The clinical method included evaluation of complaints of patients, anamnesis, presence of concomitant gynecologic pathology, inspection, palpation of the lymph nodes and the breast and obtaining a discharge from the nipples to conduct cytological examination, which allowed excluding from the study women with suspected malignancy of the process. All the patients were performed ultrasound examination of the breast. The review was supplemented with vaginal gynecological examination and ultrasound examination of small pelvis organs to assess the condition of the uterus and its appendages, the diagnosis of gynecological diseases. Results. Summarizing obtained in this study results one should stress the positive long-term effect of applying Mastofemin for the treatment of proliferative changes of the breast in women of reproductive age. This is manifested by a decrease in the intensity of clinical signs of mastitis, consistent with the results of sonographic control. Established positive dynamics in the treatment of cystic mastitis, dectective and when combined cystic mastopathy with dectective. In the control group of patients for a given observation period (6 months) no significant changes in clinical signs of mastitis and sonographic characteristics. Regression of disease has not occurred in any of the patients, in 2 patients increased sensitivity of the breast after 6 months moved to the soreness. Sonographic characteristics of mastitis during the observation period did not change. Thus, the use of Mastofemin aimed at pathogenetic treatment of mastitis and prevention of breast cancer. Conclusion. Application of Mastofemin during the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age significantly improves the clinical condition of patients; reduce the subjective and objective symptoms of the disease. The positive effect of the treatment with Mastofemin proved in the case of the treatment of sonographic following forms of mastitis: cystic mastopathy, cystic mastopathy with dectectasy. Mastofemin may be the drug of choice for complex conservative monotherapy in women of reproductive age with proliferative changes in the breast, and can also be used as part of complex treatment in patients with diffuse changes of the breast when combined with hyperplastic processes of the myometrium and endometrium. Keywords: mastopathy, breast gland, herbal medicine, herbal remedies, Mastofemin.

Diagnosis of Lower Gastrointestinal Tumors by Transvaginal Sonography

Sonography plays a primary role in the diagnosis of gynecological diseases. A retrospective review of incidental findings report by transvaginal sonography (TVS) was performed to evaluate the ability of TVS to visualize rectosigmoid carcinoma. The authors performed a retrospective review of 450 women who were referred for TVS because of suspected gynecological indications to evaluate those with incidental findings. Of these, 15 with incidental findings were subsequently diagnosed with rectosigmoid carcinoma. The sonographic properties and clinical findings were systematically evaluated. TVS findings included solid nonhomogeneous lesions (mean diameter of 4 cm; range, 1.6–8 cm), distended rectal walls, and gas inside the gastrointestinal lumen in 53% ( n = 8) of the cases. Total wall invasion was suspected, and signs of edema were noticed in 60% ( n = 9) of the cases. All lesions seen by TVS were pathologically confirmed as carcinoma of gastrointestinal origin. Inspection of the rectosigmoid during a TVS examination has the ability to detect unsuspected rectosigmoid lesions.

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of gynecological diseases

Recent technical advances in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) greatly enhanced the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the body. DWI can provide excellent tissue contrast based on molecular diffusion and may be able to demonstrate malignant tumors. Quantitative measurement of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) may be valuable in distinguishing between malignant and benign lesions. We reviewed DWI and conventional MRI of the female pelvis to study the utility of DWI in patients with gynecological diseases. Although the ADC can help to differentiate between normal and cancerous tissue in the uterine cervix and endometrium, its utility may be limited by the large overlap of the uterine myometrium and ovaries. On the other hand, the ADC may be useful for monitoring the therapeutic outcome after uterine arterial embolizati (UAE), chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. In patients with ovarian cancer, DWI demonstrates high intensity not only at the primary cancer site but also in disseminated peritoneal implants. When added to conventional MRI findings, DWI and ADC values provide additional information and DWI may play an important role in the diagnosis of patients with gynecological diseases.

3: Intraoperative Laser Fluorescent Diagnosis of Gynecologic Diseases

3: Intraoperative Laser Fluorescent Diagnosis of Gynecologic Diseases

A neural network based clinical decision-support system for efficient diagnosis and fuzzy-based prescription of gynecological diseases using homoeopathic medicinal system

As the analysis and diagnosis of gynecological diseases, especially using the homoeopathic system of medicine, gets more and more complicated, it becomes important for us to develop a decision-support system which can help a gynecologist analyze and prescribe medicines for such diseases with fewer errors. The prescription of a medicine for a gynecological disease, according to the homoeopathic system of medicine, is based on various modalities or symptoms of the disease. A medicine cannot be prescribed just by knowing the disease as is done in the case of the allopathic system of medicine or the general system of medicine. It becomes very difficult to take into account so many modalities while prescribing a medicine. A clinical decision-support system for gynecological diseases using the homoeopathic system of medicine for comprehensive diagnosis is extremely rare to find. The aim of this project is to develop a decision-support system, which will suggest a medicine for a gynecological disease based on the primary and secondary symptoms of the disease. The knowledge base of experts in this field has been utilized to develop this decision-support system. The decision-support system is based on the neural network concept. The rules for the decision-making are generated by combining a few neurons. The multi-layered weight-oriented feed forward neural network structure of the decision-support system makes it more robust, error-free and easy to program. This decision-support system, developed using Turbo prolog, will help a gynecologist to select the medicine of a particular gynecological disease quickly, easily and precisely. The primary symptoms help to evaluate a tentative medicine and the secondary symptoms confirm this tentative medicine. Fuzzy-type decision-making is used while analyzing the various symptoms.

The Use of Contrasted Transvaginal Sonography in the Diagnosis of Gynecologic Diseases

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new contrast-dedicated ultrasound technology, contrast-tuned imaging (CnTI), implemented on an endovaginal probe and using the second-generation contrast agent SonoVue (Bracco International BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands), compared with the standard ultrasound examination in different gynecologic diseases. Eighty-nine patients were enrolled in the study in 4 different clinical centers. The study included 40 patients with uncertain pelvic adnexal masses, 10 patients with pelvic masses indicative of recurrences of gynecologic tumors, 26 patients with uterine pathologic features, and 13 patients with cervical lesions. Application of CnTI technology after the SonoVue injection gave a picture of the intralesional microvascularization dramatically different from that obtained during color Doppler examination. Of the 40 pelvic masses, 15 (37.5%) were considered benign and 25 (62.5%) were considered malignant at B-mode and color Doppler examinations. Contrast-enhanced sonography showed no intralesional contrast perfusion in 11 (73%) of 15 cases, and all these were benign at final diagnosis. Of the 4 (27%) cases that had perfusion, 2 were malignant. Conversely, of the 25 cases with positive findings at color Doppler examination and therefore expected to show the appearance of contrast tissue-filling morphologic characteristics, 13 (52%) were malignant at final diagnosis. For evaluation of uterine pathologic features, the CnTI-SonoVue technology did not appear to be superior to the B-mode and color Doppler examinations; however, for the evaluation of cervical cancer, CnTI-SonoVue technology revealed a better definition of the margins of the neoplastic lesions in 4 (40%) of 10 cases. In the evaluation of uncertain pelvic masses, the CnTI technology led to an improvement in the ability of the practitioner to differentiate benign from malignant adnexal lesions.

Combination of echography with other additional methods of study in diagnosis of gynecological diseases in girls and girls-teenagers

Combination of echography with other additional methods of study in diagnosis of gynecological diseases in girls and girls-teenagers

Pneumocography as an aid in the diagnosis of gynecologic disease

1.1. One hundred and sixty-one cases of transabdominal pneumoperitoneum are evaluated.2.2. An acceptable technique for administering pneumoperitoneum with-out the aid of special equipment is described.3.3. The Hudgins cannula is introduced for use in the double contrast type of pneumoperitoneum.4.4. The indications and contraindications to pneumoperitoneum as a diagnostic procedure are discussed.5.5. The complications of administering this diagnostic procedure are noted, and that pneumoperitoneum is a safe procedure is emphasized.6.6. The limitations of pneumoperitoneum are outlined, with emphasis on the utilization of this procedure only when indicated, as an aid in diagnosis.