Diagnosis Of Chronic Brucellosis Research Articles

Diagnosis of Chronic Brucellosis with Interferon-Gamma Quantification

Background: Brucellosis can vary in severity and duration, requiring multiple tests for diagnosis. Its prevalence in Iraq complicates the interpretation of test results. Objective: This study aimed to develop a diagnostic tool leveraging variations in γ interferon to aid the immune system in recognizing illness. Methods: A comparative study was conducted at Anbar Teaching Hospital from October 2022 to September 2023. 86 blood samples were collected from the outpatient infectious clinic, comprising 43 confirmed Rose Bengal-positive and 43 negative cases. Various diagnostic methods were employed, including specific IgM and IgG antibodies, culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gamma interferon targeting the brucella antigen. Results: Patients with positive results exhibited symptoms validated by PCR. The gamma interferon assay demonstrated 79.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity. PCR showed 89.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity, while brucella-specific IgG had 21.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Other laboratory studies, including Brucella-specific IgM, showed 100% sensitivity and specificity, with positive Brucella culture observed in only one case. Conclusion: Chronic brucellosis's sustained high levels of gamma interferon may offer better follow-up for patients with lingering symptoms than Brucella-specific IgG, especially after acute cases with low-grade fever.

Клинические особенности и механизмы формирования органопатологии при хроническом бруцеллезе

Objective. To analyze specific characteristics and mechanisms underlying the development of organ pathology in patients with chronic brucellosis (CB). Patients and methods. This study included more than 500 patients with CB treated in Saratov hospitals in 2003–2018. In addition to standard examination, all study participants have undergone the assessment of their lipid peroxidation/antioxidant defense system, levels of major cytokines, markers of endotoxicosis (ET), and tissue-specific autoreactive antibodies. Results and discussion. The vast majority of patients (98.2%) had their musculoskeletal system affected; lesions to the autonomic nervous system and peripheral nervous system were observed in 97.5% and 88.8% of patients, respectively; almost half of males (45%) had their reproductive organs affected; approximately one-third of participants (26.7–32.9%) had cardiovascular disorders with myocardial lesions. The severity of systemic inflammation, ET, and autoimmune reactions depended on the CB activity and determined the development of organ pathology. We found that vascular and mechanical factors were important for the development of lesions to the peripheral nervous system and reproductive organs in men. Patients, in whom the diagnosis of CB was verified 2 years following onset of symptoms, were more likely to develop exacerbations, had more organs and systems affected, and had higher risk of disability. Conclusion. Comprehensive examination revealed multiple organ lesions in all CB patients, associated not only with damage caused by the pathogen at the site of specific inflammation, but also with the involvement of vascular and mechanical factors, as well as the consequences of systemic inflammatory response, ET, and autoimmune reactions. Late diagnosis was associated with more severe clinical manifestations of CB. Key words: brucellosis, clinical manifestations of chronic brucellosis, systemic inflammation, endotoxicosis

Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. DNA in Patients with Manifestations Compatible with Emotional Disorders

Objectives: Human brucellosis is a common zoonosis in Greece and an important Public Health issue. Its true incidence is likely to be higher than reported due to underreporting and misdiagnosing of chronic forms which can manifest with depression and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible presence of Brucella DNA in the blood of patients with emotional disorders who did not have acute brucellosis or a diagnosis of chronic brucellosis.

Plasma testosterone in chronic human brucellosis

Our studies were carried out in 25 male patients, aged 20 to 45 years, in whom the diagnosis of chronic brucellosis had been confirmed. Plasma testosterone levels were measured after five to seven days of sexual abstinence and after human choriogonadotropine stimulation. Testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay. The basic plasma testosterone levels were 220–975 ng/100 ml. Response to human choriogonadotropine (HCG) stimulation was only achieved in six patients. The basic levels of plasma testosterone and levels after stimulation were closely related to changes in the testes and seminal fluid.

2-mercaptoethanol Brucella agglutination test: usefulness for predicting recovery from brucellosis

Ninety-two patients with brucellosis were studied for 18 months, and 15 to 29 sera from each patient were tested by the standard tube brucella agglutination test and by the 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME) brucella agglutination test. The standard tube test remained positive (greaterr than or equal to 160) for 1.5 years in 44 of the 92 patients (48%), despite adequate antibiotic treatment. The 2ME titers remained positive (greater than or equal to 160) in only 8 of 92 patients (9%) after 1 year, and in only 4 of 92 patients (4%) after 1.5 years. Positive 2ME titers 1 year after initiation of treatment were present in 3 of 10 patients (30%) with drug allergies that interfered with antibiotic treatment, in contrast to only 5 of 82 patients (6%) without any allergies (P = 0.039). None of 84 patients with negative 2ME titers after 12 months of treatment had significant signs or symptoms of brucellosis, and none developed chronic brucellosis. In contrast, four of eight patients with positive 2ME titers after 12 months of treatment still had signs and symptoms of brucellosis and required further treatment. The 2ME test is superior to the standard tube test in determining the adequacy of antibiotic therapy, and a negative 2ME test is strong evidence against a diagnosis of chronic brucellosis.

Brucella in Tissues Removed at Surgery

Journal Article Brucella in Tissues Removed at Surgery Get access Lyle A. Weed, M.D., Lyle A. Weed, M.D. From the Section of Bacteriology, the Division of Surgical Pathology, the Section of Roentgenology, and the Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David C. Dahlin, M.D., David C. Dahlin, M.D. From the Section of Bacteriology, the Division of Surgical Pathology, the Section of Roentgenology, and the Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David G. Pugh, M.D., David G. Pugh, M.D. From the Section of Bacteriology, the Division of Surgical Pathology, the Section of Roentgenology, and the Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Johiy C. Ivins, M.D. Johiy C. Ivins, M.D. From the Section of Bacteriology, the Division of Surgical Pathology, the Section of Roentgenology, and the Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 22, Issue 1, 1 January 1952, Pages 10–21, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/22.1.10 Published: 01 January 1952 Article history Received: 17 October 1951 Published: 01 January 1952

Aureomycin and chloramphenicol in brucellosis; with special reference to side effects.

The diagnosis of chronic brucellosis often is uncertain because of lack of cultural proof. Bacteremia seldom is present in the ambulatory patient with low grade fever. However, there is strong presumptive clinical and laboratory evidence that this type of Brucella infection exists in large numbers of patients. Because of the uncertainty of diagnosis and the frequently relapsing course of the disease, evaluation of therapeutic methods is difficult. The availability of apparently nontoxic antibiotics, presumably effective when given orally, allowed treatment of ambulatory patients without the economic loss incident to interruption of work or hospital care. Brucella antigen therapy had been shown to bring about recovery in 50 to 80 per cent of patients in this category1but was not necessarily curative. Treatment with streptomycin and sulfadiazine, given simultaneously,2apparently is capable of bringing about actual cure but requires hospital care or extremely close supervision and may result in

BRUCELLA ANTIBODIES FOLLOWING CHOLERA VACCINATION

Article1 April 1948BRUCELLA ANTIBODIES FOLLOWING CHOLERA VACCINATIONC. WESLEY EISELE, M.D., F.A.C.P., NORMAN B. MCCULLOUGH, Ph.D., M.D., GRACE A. BEALC. WESLEY EISELE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, NORMAN B. MCCULLOUGH, Ph.D., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GRACE A. BEALSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-28-4-833 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBrucella agglutinins appearing after vaccination against cholera have been reported to occur in six of seven individuals.1We have suggested that this phenomenon may be a source of confusion in the diagnosis of brucellosis inasmuch as the agglutination test is widely used for this purpose and several million veterans received cholera vaccine during their military service. The present studies were undertaken to determine further the effects of cholera vaccination on brucella agglutinin production and to observe the effects on the opsonocytophagic test and on the brucellergen skin test.METHODS AND MATERIALTwenty volunteers were selected who with one exception had...Bibliography1. EISELEMCCULLOUGHBEALBURROWS CWNBGAW: Development of brucella agglutinins in humans following vaccination for cholera, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1946, lxi, 89. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HUDDLESON IF: Brucellosis in man and animals, 1943, The Commonwealth Fund, New York. Google Scholar3. EISELEMCCULLOUGHBEALROTTSCHAEFER CWNBGAW: Brucella agglutination tests and vaccination against cholera, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1947, cxxxv, 983. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. EISELE CW: Some problems in the diagnosis of chronic brucellosis, Med. Clin. North Am., 1947, xxxi, 182. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. EISELEMCCULLOUGHBEAL CWNBGA: Discrepancies in the agglutination test for brucellosis as performed with various antigens and as reported from different laboratories, Jr. Lab. and Clin. Med., 1947, xxxii, 847. Google Scholar6. Iowa occupational disease statute. Workmen's Compensation Law Reports, CCH, May 6, 1947. Google Scholar7. MCGINTYGAMBRELL APWE: Chronic brucellosis, New Internat. Clin., 1939, i, 1. Google Scholar8. MCCULLOUGHEISELEBEAL NBCWGA: Antigenic relationships of brucella and Vibrio comma , Jr. Infect. Dis. In press. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Received for publication June 11, 1947.From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Chicago. Aided in part by a grant from Swift and Company. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1948Volume 28, Issue 4Page: 833-837KeywordsAntigensBrucellaVibrio cholerae ePublished: 14 March 2020 Issue Published: 1 April 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...

Some Problems in the Diagnosis of Chronic Brucellosis

Some Problems in the Diagnosis of Chronic Brucellosis

Difficulties in the Diagnosis of Chronic Brucellosis

In this paper emphasis is laid on the diagnosis of the chronic disease because the same difficulties which attend the diagnosis of the acute are magnified in the chronic disease. On account of the difficulties of diagnosis there were no cases of chronic brucellosis recognized in this country until recent years. At present there are only a few centers where it is recognized. A discussion of it is timely in order to stimulate the growing interest in this chronic disease which probably exists in every rural community, and in every town and city where raw milk is consumed. Because the clinical picture is vague, chronic brucellosis cases have often been thrown into the clinical scrapheap of neurasthenia. The error of stigmatizing brucellosis patients as neurasthenic adds to physical ills the mental anguish that results from the unsympathetic attitude these patients encounter.