Diabetes Research Articles

Frequency of Blood Groups in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Frequency of Blood Groups in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Coordinated overexpression of miR-33a and miR-27b induced by statin-treatment contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Coordinated overexpression of miR-33a and miR-27b induced by statin-treatment contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Eligibility of patients for Icosapent Ethyl acid (EPA) in an argentine real-world population with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Eligibility of patients for Icosapent Ethyl acid (EPA) in an argentine real-world population with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Role of urinary nephrin to predict early onset of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Nephropathy is most common complication in type 2 diabeticsubjects. Urinary nephrin is a podocyte specific protein, can be serve as a predict early nephropathy and its progression of diabetic nephropathy. A total 90 participants included were sub grouped as 60 cases and 30 healthy controls, a biochemical, clinical and experimental parameters were analyzed for all the study subjects. The data was interpreted by using statistics software SPSS and <0.05 was statistically significant. There were significantly increased levels of FBS, PPBS and glycated haemoglobin in type 2 diabetic cases when compared to controls. The urea, creatinine, uric acid and microalbumin were significantly elevated in type 2 diabetic with microalbuminuria when compared to type 2 diabetic with normoalbuminuria and controls. Additionally the urinary nephrin was significantly elevated in both groups of type 2 diabetics when compared to controls. This study suggests determination of urinary nephrin can be used as an early predictable and prognostic marker for nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetics.

The association between anthropometric indices and ischemic heart disease: a large-scale cross-sectional study on the Iranian population

This study aimed to evaluate the superiority of anthropometric indices compared to others for predicting ischemic heart disease (IHD) or cardiometabolic risk factors. This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the Pars Cohort Study data. In total, 9229 Valashahr inhabitants aged 40–75 were included in the analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analyses was used to compare the predictive accuracy of four anthropometric measures, including body mass index, waist to height ratio (WHtR), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC). IHD prevalence was 10.4% in our sample. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome was 12.7%, 29.2%, 58.4%, and 22.3%, respectively. All anthropometric indices had poor to good accuracy in predicting IHD risk factors, with AUCs ranging between 0.580 and 0.818. WHR was the most accurate measure for predicting IHD in both genders. All indexes had a better accuracy for predicting DM, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in males than in females. To conclude, anthropometric measures, especially WC and WHtR, are recommended for predicting metabolic syndrome in primary prevention settings. These simple indices could help physicians find those who need further evaluation for MetS.

Association between dyslipidemia and glycemic status in type-2 diabetes mellitus

Association between dyslipidemia and glycemic status in type-2 diabetes mellitus

AKT1 and MAPK8: New Targets for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) disrupts placental function and increases risks for pregnancy. This study investigates the potential involvement of AKT1 and MAPK8 genes, known for their roles in insulin resistance and cell signaling, in GDM pathophysiology. Methods: Placental tissues from GDM patients and healthy controls were analyzed using real-time PCR to quantify gene expression levels. In silico analysis further explored the functional implications of expression changes. Results: AKT1 and MAPK8 displayed significantly altered expression in GDM placentas compared to controls (p = 0.047 and p = 0.007, respectively). In silico analysis suggests potential functional consequences related to diabetes-associated pathways. Conclusion: This study identifies differential expression of AKT1 and MAPK8 in GDM placentas, suggesting their potential roles in the disease process. Further investigation into their functional contributions could provide valuable insights into GDM pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets.

Effect of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on new-onset diabetes mellitus in patients treated with high-intensity statin therapy for coronary artery disease

Effect of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on new-onset diabetes mellitus in patients treated with high-intensity statin therapy for coronary artery disease

Revisiting the link between abnormal uric acid levels and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Rise in uric acid (UA) levels is linked with inferior pregnancy outcomes; nevertheless, there is absence of proof at the moment to propose that high uric acid levels are related to a high likelihood of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). As a result, to discuss the link of rise in UA during pregnancy with the chance of having GDM.The articles have been chosen from the databases PubMed, Embase and Scopus. We discussed all applicable publications that explored the interrelation between serum UA and GDM, accompanying the formerly recorded articles. Other articles independent of this field are refrained from. This systematic review exhibited a bond between GDM and serum UA levels.Further research can positively enable the support of prompt identification. Deleterious effects on the mother-foetus duo could be kept away by managing gestational diabetes during early stage.

Study protocol to evaluate MN-001’s (tipelukast) efficacy, safety and tolerability in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Study protocol to evaluate MN-001’s (tipelukast) efficacy, safety and tolerability in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Vascular structural changes in diabetes mellitus patients with chronic kidney disease

Vascular structural changes in diabetes mellitus patients with chronic kidney disease

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pre-hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus Cases of North Indian Population

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pre-hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus Cases of North Indian Population

Neonatal outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers: A cross-sectional study comparing medical nutritional therapy, metformin, and insulin treatments at a tertiary care centre

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) poses a rising global health challenge, affecting 10-14.3% of pregnant women. This study aimed to investigate and compare neonatal outcomes among mothers with GDM treated with Medical Nutritional Therapy (MNT), metformin, and insulin at a tertiary care center. Understanding the impact of these treatments on neonatal outcomes is crucial for optimal care.Conducted at a tertiary care center in Chennai, India, this cross-sectional study included 160 GDM mothers identified through medical records from December 2021 to December 2023. Inclusion criteria covered women aged 18 and above, experiencing singleton pregnancies, diagnosed with GDM, and maintaining regular follow-up. Data analysis included birth weight, Apgar scores, neonatal hypoglycemia, and preterm birth rates. Multinomial logistic regression determined adjusted odds ratios.The study analyzed the distribution of perinatal factors among 160 neonates, revealing that 41.3% were delivered vaginally, while 58.8% were through cesarean section. The majority were preterm, with 118 being appropriate for gestational age.Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission was noted in 34.4% of cases, while 62.7% did not. Neonatal hypoglycemia was observed in 36.3% of cases, and seizures were present in 19.4%. Apgar scores were low in 23.8% of cases.A multinomial logistic analysis found that the Metformin, Insulin, and Metformin + Insulin groups had significantly higher odds of having a Cesarean section compared to the diet-only group. However, the Metformin group had lower odds of preterm birth, NICU admission, neonatal hypoglycemia, seizures, and AGA. The Metformin group had higher odds of LGA and Apgar score <7 at both the 1st and 5th minutes. No significant differences were found in the odds of preterm birth, NICU admission, or seizures between the diet-only and Metformin groups.This pioneering South Indian study of 160 neonates born to GDM mothers compared different treatment options. Metformin, alone or with insulin, showed comparable neonatal outcomes to insulin. Caution in GDM deliveries is recommended for optimal well-being. The study emphasizes the need for further research considering maternal outcomes as potential confounders to comprehensively understand GDM treatments and neonatal outcomes.

Infection of Mycoplasma hominis in the left lower leg amputation wound of a patient with diabetes: a case report

BackgroundMycoplasma hominis is typically found on the mucosal epithelium of the human genital tract, with infections being rare. However, when the mucosal barrier is compromised or in individuals with weakened immune systems, this microorganism can trigger infections in both intragenital and extragenital sites. This study offers a comprehensive overview of infections caused by the rare pathogen M. hominis. This overview helps laboratories identify M. hominis infections in a timely manner, thereby enabling earlier clinical intervention for patients.Case presentationA 75-year-old Taiwanese man with type 2 diabetes mellitus initially underwent a left lower extremity amputation following a severe infection caused by necrotizing fasciitis. Subsequently, a poorly healing wound developed at the site of amputation. Upon culturing the wound abscess, M. hominis was isolated and identified as the causative agent.ConclusionsThrough this case, we present clinical and microbiological observations along with a review of the literature to deepen our understanding of M. hominis. Our findings can be used to develop laboratory diagnostic protocols and innovative therapeutic approaches.

Association between density of food retailers and fitness centers and gestational diabetes mellitus in Eastern Massachusetts

Association between density of food retailers and fitness centers and gestational diabetes mellitus in Eastern Massachusetts

Immunometabolic profiling related with gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study of CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits.

To investigate immunometabolic associations of CD4+ T cell phenotypes with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A nested case-control study was conducted comprising 53 pairs of GDM patients and matched controls within a prospective cohort. Metabolomic signatures related to both CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits among pregnant women were investigated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Multivariable-adjusted generalized linear models were used to explore the associations of CD4+ T cell phenotypes and selected metabolites with GDM. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the mediating effect of selected metabolites on the relationship between CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits. Higher levels of Treg cells (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.57 (0.34, 0.95), p = 0.031) and increased expression of Foxp3 (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.59 (0.35, 0.97), p = 0.039) and GATA3 (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.42 (0.25, 0.72), p = 0.002) were correlated with a decreased risk of GDM. Plasma pyruvaldehyde, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), bergapten, and 9-fluorenone mediated the association between Tregs and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), with mediation proportions of 46.9%, 39.6%, 52.4%, and 56.9%, respectively. Treg cells and Foxp3 expressions were inversely associated with GDM risk, with potential metabolic mechanisms involving metabolites such as pyruvaldehyde and SAH.

Prediction of Diabetes Mellitus based on Logistic Regression and Random Forest

Prediction of Diabetes Mellitus based on Logistic Regression and Random Forest

Enhancing diabetic retinopathy screening: Non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine for improved clinical management.

The utilization of non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine to screen patients with diabetes mellitus for diabetic retinopathy provides an accurate, efficient, and cost-effective method to improve early detection of disease. It has also been shown to correlate with increased participation of patients in other aspects of diabetes care. In particular, patients who undergo teleretinal imaging are more likely to meet Comprehensive Diabetes Care Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set metrics, which are linked to preservation of quality-adjusted life years and additional downstream healthcare savings.

Circulating glycated albumin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed during pregnancy, making it the most common complication associated with this period. Early detection and targeted treatment of GDM can minimize foetal exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia and subsequently reduce the associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have inconsistently suggested that the level of glycated albumin (GA) might predict GDM. To review and synthesize existing evidence to evaluate the relationship between GA levels and the development of GDM. We sought to compare GA levels between GDM and control groups in this meta-analysis by systematically searching the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for articles published up to June 2023. The analysis utilized the weighted mean difference (WMD) as the primary metric. The data were meticulously extracted, and the quality of the included studies was assessed. Additionally, we conducted a subgroup analysis based on study region and sample size. We assessed heterogeneity using I 2 statistics and evaluated publication bias through funnel plots. Additionally, trim-and-fill analysis was employed to detect and address any potential publication bias. The meta-analysis included a total of 11 studies involving 5477 participants, comprising 1900 patients with GDM and 3577 control individuals. The synthesized results revealed a notable correlation between elevated GA levels and increased susceptibility to GDM. The calculated WMD was 0.42, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) ranging from 0.11 to 0.74, yielding a P value less than 0.001. Concerning specific GA levels, the mean GA level in the GDM group was 12.6, while for the control group, it was lower, at 11.6. This discrepancy underscores the potential of GA as a biomarker for assessing GDM risk. Moreover, we explored the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in both cohorts. The WMD for HbA1c was 0.19, with a 95%CI ranging from 0.15 to 0.22 and a P value less than 0.001. This observation suggested that both GA and HbA1c levels were elevated in individuals in the GDM group compared to those in the control group. Our meta-analysis revealed a substantial correlation between elevated GA levels and increased GDM risk. Furthermore, our findings revealed elevated levels of HbA1c in GDM patients, emphasizing the significance of monitoring both GA and HbA1c levels for early GDM detection and effective management.

The association between maternal arsenic exposure/methylation and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus influenced through one-carbon metabolites

The association between maternal arsenic exposure/methylation and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus influenced through one-carbon metabolites