Dhar District Research Articles

Some Ethnomedicinal Plants of Dhar District

Dhar district is inhabited by dominating tribes, bhils and bhiialas. Bhils constitute the third largest tribe of India. There are many sub-tribes of bhils viz., tarvi, nayar, nhal, barela, and kotwal. At the same time sub-tribes of bhilalas, darbari bhilala, dhaplya bhilala, rathya bhilala, also live here. They utilize a large number of plant species occurring in wild as herbal remedies on various diseases and ailments in the area. The paper lists 32 such species.

Deterministic health risk assessment, spatial analysis and hydrochemical assessment to toxic fluoride in groundwater of Dhar District, M.P, India

Deterministic health risk assessment, spatial analysis and hydrochemical assessment to toxic fluoride in groundwater of Dhar District, M.P, India

Publisher Correction: Bagh Dinosaur National Park Region, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh: A Potential UNESCO Global Geopark

Publisher Correction: Bagh Dinosaur National Park Region, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh: A Potential UNESCO Global Geopark

Bagh Dinosaur National Park Region, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh: a Potential UNESCO Global Geopark

Bagh Dinosaur National Park Region, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh: a Potential UNESCO Global Geopark

Evaluation of a results-based financing nutrition intervention for tuberculosis patients in Madhya Pradesh, India, implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundReducing malnutrition through food supplementation is a critical component of the WHO End Tuberculosis (TB) strategy. A results-based financing (RBF) initiative in Madhya Pradesh, India—called Mukti—introduced an intensive nutrition intervention, including home visits, counseling, food basket distribution, and assistance in obtaining government benefits. Phase 1 of the program (Dhar District), implemented by ChildFund India (ChildFund) and funded by USAID, coincided with the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Under an RBF reimbursement scheme, ChildFund was paid based on treatment retention for 6 months and weight gain of 6 kg for adults.MethodsThe evaluation used a mixed methods approach. Qualitative components included interviews with key informants and focus groups with program participants. Quantitative components included an analysis of program data (i.e., patient demographics, receipt of program services, and weight gain). An impact analysis of retention in treatment used data from a government database. A difference-in-differences model was used to compare results from baseline data and the program period for Dhar District to similar data for the adjacent Jhabua District.ResultsThe program was well implemented and appreciated by patients and providers. Patients received an average of 10.2 home visits and 6.2 food baskets. While all age and sex groups gained weight significantly over their 6-month treatment period, there was no program impact on treatment retention. Seventy-six percent of patients achieved both outcome goals. And though average program costs were under budget, ChildFund experienced a loss in the results-based financing scheme, which was covered by USAID to continue program expansion.ConclusionsImplementing a nutrition supplementation and education program for TB patients in India is feasible. The intervention improved weight gain despite COVID-19-related lockdowns. The Mukti program did not impact treatment retention, which was already high at baseline. Program costs were modest, but the results-based financing reimbursement scheme resulted in a loss for the implementer. Overall, the RBF model led to an increased focus on outcomes for program staff and other stakeholders, which led to more efficient service delivery. Future research should examine total costs (including donated staff time) more extensively to determine the cost-effectiveness of Mukti and similar interventions.

Geo-morphological Mapping for Land Resource Assessment Around Bagh village of Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Geo-morphological Mapping for Land Resource Assessment Around Bagh village of Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

A freshwater ostracod assemblage from the Kesavi intertrappean beds (latest Cretaceous/earliest Paleocene) of lower Narmada Valley, Malwa Sub-province of Deccan Traps, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India

We here report a new freshwater ostracod assemblage comprising 11 species ( Frambocythere tumiensis anjarensis, Gomphocythere paucisulcatus, G. strangulata, Limnocythere deccanensis, Zonocypris spirula, Eucypris intervolcanus, Cypria cyrtonidion, Stenocypris cylindrical, Cypridopsis hyperectyphos, Candona amosi, Eucypris sp.) from a newly discovered intertrappean locality at Kesavi, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh. This locality lies in the lower Narmada Valley of Malwa sub-province, a poorly studied region of the Deccan Traps volcanic province of peninsular India compared to the other volcanic sub-provinces. The ostracod assemblage from Kesavi is similar to those known from different parts of the Deccan volcanic province and lacks any brackish or marine elements. The endobenthic crawler Frambocythere tumiensis dominates the assemblage, indicating a lacustrine freshwater depositional environment.

A Framework for the Study of Library System and Services in Dhar District of Madhya Pradesh

A Framework for the Study of Library System and Services in Dhar District of Madhya Pradesh

Understanding the histology and hematobiochemical aspects of Kadaknath an Indian black fowl with an appealing taste native to Dhar district Madhya Pradesh

ABSTRACT 1. The Kadaknath, an Indian fowl, is popular for its taste and health benefits. However, there is scarcity of information on its histology, haematology and biochemistry. 2. Histology was conducted on various organs, including brain, heart, intestine, liver, kidney and the lung. For haematology investigation Mispa Count Plus was used (AGAPPE Diagnostic, India). 3. Biochemical analysis involved determination of blood sugar, serum creatinine, serum urea, serum bilirubin, SGPT, serum protein and the alkaline phosphatase. The organs contained significant amounts of proteins characterised by strong amide (amide I-β-sheet) bands within mid and NIR region. 4. Hydrated fatty acids were not found in mid IR region, although NIR revealed traces substantiated by strong – OH bending within 10 680/cm -10 400/cm. 5. This work reported the usefulness of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) in understanding nutritive benefits of Kadaknath chickens and can assist avian practitioners in the detection of infections or pathological conditions.

New Late Cretaceous titanosaur sauropod dinosaur egg clutches from lower Narmada valley, India: Palaeobiology and taphonomy.

The Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Formation is well-known for its osteological and oological remains of sauropods from the eastern and western parts of the Narmada Valley, central India. The newly documented ninety-two titanosaur clutches from Dhar District (Madhya Pradesh State, central India) add further to this extensive data. Previously parataxonomy of these titanosaur clutches was carried out with a few brief reports on palaeobiological and taphonomic aspects. The quantitative data collected from the new clutches (this study) opens avenues to additionally understand more about titanosaur palaeobiology and to qualitatively understand preservation and taphonomical aspects of their egg clutches. Herein, we document 256 eggs and three clutch patterns (viz. circular, combination, linear) that are assignable to six oospecies. The high oospecies diversity points to a possible high diversity in titanosaur taxa in the Indian sub-continent though it is not reflected in titanosaurid body fossils. All the macro- and micro-structures helped in understanding egg deformation and preservation from a taphonomic point of view. Additionally, a pathologic egg documented from the study area helped in understanding the reproductive biology of titanosaurs, such as the possibility of segmented oviduct and sequential laying of eggs by titanosaurs. In addition, we made an attempt to infer aspects such as egg burial, absence of parental care, colonial nesting behavior. All the egg clutches were observed within sandy limestone and calcareous sandstone lithologies that occur in scattered outcrops with rocks showing floating siliciclastic grains in a micritic groundmass. Further, the presence of ferruginous sandstone in the Jamniapura and Padlya regions (Dhar District, central India) is indicative of a possible alluvial/fluvial setting. The presence of grainy intraclastic fabric, alveolar-septal fabrics, brecciation and shrinkage cracks observed in the clutch-bearing rocks are indicative of a low energy-low gradient palustrine depositional condition in a fluvial/alluvial setting. Finally, we envisage that a few egg clutches of this area were laid close to lake/pond margins while most were laid away from the lake/pond margins, and thus, were hatched.

Functional hBN decorated Ni(OH)2 nanosheets synthesized for remarkable adsorption performance for the elimination of fluoride ions.

Occurrence of fluoride in groundwater is a serious concern due to its fatal effects. Functionalized hexagonal boron nitride sheets have been combined with nickel hydroxide nanoparticles by a one step process and a hybrid adsorbent Ni(OH)2@hBN has been developed with an exceptionally high fluoride adsorption capacity of 365 mg g-1, higher than those of Ni(OH)2 and hBN. This maximum adsorption capacity is higher than those of most common adsorbents used for defluoridation including activated alumina, reported nickel oxide and carbon-based 2D material-supported alumina adsorbents. The presence of functionalized boron nitride significantly increased the surface area to 680 m2 g-1 with a pore volume of 0.33687 cm3 g-1 and provided rich hydroxyl group-containing surface sites for the removal of fluoride present in contaminated water. In addition, the adsorption of fluoride onto boron nitride-modified nickel hydroxide followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, suggesting a monolayer adsorption mechanism. Furthermore, the material developed is tested with the water sample collected from a real affected area, from the Dhar district of India, and the material showed promising results in terms of fluoride removal efficacy.

Occupational ergonomic assessment of MSDs among the artisans working in the Bagh hand block printing industry in Madhya Pradesh, India

Objectives. The hand block printing technique practiced in Dhar District of Madhya Pradesh involves highly repetitive tasks with awkward posture, which contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among the artisans, The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MSDs and the risks factors involved. Methods. An observational study and a self-reported questionnaire study were conducted with a sample of 70 artisans. The working postures of the artisans were analyzed using rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and the occupational repetitive actions (OCRA) method. p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant throughout the study. Results. MSDs in the neck, shoulders, elbows, wrist/forearm, lower back and hips/thighs were found to be highly prevalent among artisans of age greater than 31 years and experience greater than 11 years. Most complaints were reported in the wrist, neck and lower back region. Conclusion. From the findings, it was evident that artisans working in Bagh printing are at high risk of the development of MSDs; thus, an immediate intervention is needed to eliminate the ergonomic risks among the artisans.

Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Various Skin Diseases by Tribal of Dhar District and Adjacent Regions of Western Madhya Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, India

Present study deals with the medicinal plants used for skin diseases by tribals of Dhar district and adjacent regions of Western Madhya Pradesh. Dhar district is situated in the western part of Madhya Pradesh and dominant tribes of Dhar and adjacent regions are Bhil, Bhilala,,Barela and Pateliya .Present study accounts a total of 45 medicinal plants which are used for the treatment of skin diseases .These 45 plant species are distributed in 30 families and 44 genera .There are 18 trees,5 shrubs, 8 climbers and 14 herbaceous plant species which are used for treating various skin diseases.by tribal of study area. Some plants used for skin diseases in the study area is depleting in alarming rate and need special attention for their conservation.

“Spatial Data Analysis for Ground Water Quality Assessment With Special Reference to Fluoride” - A Case Study of Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India

Water is a prime natural resource and physiological necessity to mankind. Therefore, drinking water must not carry harmful chemicals as well as biological contaminants for the well-being and human health. Some of the chemicals like Fluoride, Iron, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, selenium, and Nitrate in water may produce serious physiological changes when exist beyond permissible concentration.
 
 The Aim of the study was to create spatial map for drinking water purpose for Dhar district, MP. The ground water quality data were collected from PHED, M.P. and IMIS (Ministry of Drinking water & Sanitation) Website,Government of India. The GWQ layers were created  separately for each element for Pre-Monsoon and Post-Monsoon period from the well point layers with interpolation technique. Each element wise layer has been categorised into `three catagories (1) potable water in Desirable limits (2) Potable water in permissible limits (3) non-potable ground water, as per BIS standard, 2015. The Union of eight element layers of each pre-monsoon and post-monsoon has been done and integrated pre-monsoon and Integrated post-monsoon Ground Water Quality (GWQ) map have been prepared and after the Union of these two maps, the Final ground water quality map has been prepared. It was concluded from the study, that multiple parameters are affecting the quality of ground water in Dhar district and particularly excess Fluoride, Nitrate, Total Hardness (as Caco3), Iron, pH, and Total Dissolve solids are prevalent in the area. About 69.66% Habitation of Dhar district is severely affected mainly by excess of Fluoride, Nitrate & Total Hardness (as Caco3), pH & Iron(Fe) & It is observed that about 70.51% area of Dhar district has been affected in terms of Ground Water Quality.

Investigation and Study of Some Angiospermic Seeds with Special References to Germination and Their Viability in Tribal District Dhar (M.P.), India

Abstract: An extensive and intensive plant survey in different areas of Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh was carried out in the year 2020-2021. Dhar district is situated in the South-western part of Madhya Pradesh with highly rich floristic biodiversity of plant. The total area of district is 8153 sq. km. of which forest encompasses 1370 sq. km. covering 15.79 percent of its geographical area and covered by Vindhyan scab, Malwa plateau and Narmada basin. The tribal of this area includes Bhil, Bhilala, Barela and Pateliya are the major tribes inhabiting the area and depending on forest. The present study highlights the seeds germination and their viability in different sites of Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. 30 angiospermic seed diversity of higher plants was undertaken. Preliminary study of Seeds germination and their viability survey conducted in the different 11 sites of tribal district Dhar (M.P.), India and reported 29 species under 25 genera and 13 families. Leguminosae is most dominant families with 14 species fallowed by Combretaceae with 4 species and other remains families having one species. It is also noticed that 29 species are used by the ethnic communities of the district for various purposes. In the present communications hindi name, scientific name, family, filed notes and flowering and fruiting periods have been provided. Keywords: Dhar, CAMPA, Seed germination, Seed viability, Narmada River, Malwa plateau, Vindhyan scab

Facies Evaluation and Depositional Environments of Carbonates of the Bagh Group, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India

A significant event of marine transgression took place in Central India during Late Turonian-Coniacian. Fossiliferous marine succession of Bagh Group is one of the few carbonate successions exposed in peninsular India which was in focus of the current study for understanding this event. The signatures of this event were identified in the carbonate succession. The carbonates of Bagh Group are composed of two formations: the lower part is represented by Nodular limestone Formation which is overlain by Bryozoan limestone Formation at the top. On the basis of grain size variation and sedimentary structures, the Nodular limestone is divisible into three facies: facies ‘A’, facies ‘B’ and facies ‘C’. A hardground exists between facies B and facies C. Lack of sedimentary structures and high mud content indicates low energy depositional setting for the Nodular limestone Formation. Similarly, Bryozoan limestone Formation is divisible into five facies: facies ‘D’, facies ‘E’, facies ‘F’, facies ‘G’ and facies ‘H’ based on grain size variation and sedimentary structures. All of these five facies are fossiliferous. Glauconites are present within facies ‘G’ and have two modes of occurrence - as infilling within Bryozoan limestone and as altered feldspar. Presence of both small- and large-scale cross-stratification in Bryozoan limestone with lesser mud content are indicative of high energy shallow marine conditions. Large-scale cross-stratifications are possibly representing tidal bars while the small scale cross stratifications are formed in inter bar setting. Presence of reactivation surfaces within facies ‘E’ also supports their tidal origin. Increase in depositional energy condition is also evident from dominated by packstone facies.

Improving tuberculosis treatment success rate through nutrition supplements and counselling: Findings from a pilot intervention in India

In India, the estimated incidence of tuberculosis cases for the year 2018 was 2.69 million. According to WHO, it was responsible for 32 deaths/100,000 population. India also faces a dual burden of tuberculosis and malnutrition which represents an alarming situation. With this backdrop, the current study tries to assess the change in weight and BMI among active TB patients in selected intervention and control site. The study also measures the treatment success rate of the patients. This pilot study was conducted among 282 active TB patients in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh state of Central India and the results were compared with a control site. The intervention included, providing the identified TB patients with monthly nutrition food baskets, nutrition counselling, linking to treatment and promoting its adherence, community mobilization and management and linkages to government schemes. The data for this study was taken from the project Management Information System (MIS).The results indicate that the mean weight for both male and female TB patients increased significantly during each food distribution episode. At the beginning of the intervention the mean weight of the TB patient was 42.9 kg which increased gradually to 49.3 kgs at the end of the intervention. Treatment success rate in the intervention group was recorded as 95% whereas in the control group it was 83.5%.The study strongly confirms that the nutritional supplements and regular counselling can help TB patients gain weight and have greater treatment success rate.

An Epidemiological Observation of Judicious use of Antibiotics in Dhar District, M.P. (India)

Abstract: Background: Antibiotic resistance is presently the gigantic challenge to the effective treatment of infections globally. It is a rapidly growing clinical problem and public health threat. Promiscuous use of antibiotics is epidemic in India and this is an affair of consequential concern. Irrational use of antibiotics can cause increase adverse drug reaction, lead to antibiotic resistance and increase the treatment cost. Antibiotic resistance unfavourably influence both clinical and financial therapeutic results, with repercussion ranging from the failure of an individual patient to respond to therapy and the need for costly and/or toxic alternative medicine to the social cost of higher morbidity and mortality rates, longer duration of hospitalization and the need for changes in empirical therapy. Analysing the antibiotics utilization pattern is significant in the context of its escalating use and its overall impact on the health care system. Materials and Methods: An observational and prospective study was conducted by interviewing (using a data collection form) the patients to evaluate the utilization of antibiotics in multispecialty hospital, Dhar district, Madhya Pradesh, India. Results: Out of 102 patients interviewed, 85 (83.33%) were prescribed antibiotics either alone or in combination with other drugs. The maximum number of patients received antibiotics belongs to the age group of 31-40 (22, 18.7%). Ciprofloxacin (25, 21.25%) was the widely prescribed antibiotics followed by metronidazole (20, 17%) penicillin (15, 12.75%), azithromycin (12, 10.2%) cephalosporin (11, 9.35%) and amoxicillin (10, 8.5%). Maximum prescriptions of antibiotics were for high grade fever (29, 24.65%) followed by gastrointestinal infection (18, 15.3%). Conclusion: Proper strategy like antibiotic policy and educational intercession are necessary to control the excessive use of antibiotics in health care settings. Key words: Antibiotics, Drug utilization, Antibiotic Resistance, Observational study, Prospective study.

A Study to Assess the Knowledge on Food Practices among Postnatal Mothers

Introduction: Women need to receive special health and social support during postnatal time to preventproblems. Inadequate care might result in complications for the mother and her child. Nutrition plays animportant role in the course of the postpartum period. It is well documented that dietary modification duringthis period has a profound effect on the nutritional status of both the mother and the newborn. According torecent studies, Sueel Raj and Mishra (2008) examined the food consumption pattern and associated habitsof the Bhil tribe of Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh. They found that no special foods are being consumedduring pregnancy. Sahoo and Panda (2005) while studying in the Balasore District of Odisha found thatsome sort of food restrictions during pregnancy. The general concept was that the restricted food itemswould cause cold and cough to the mother or would lead to abortion. Aim: To assess the knowledge on foodpractice among postnatal mothers. Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey research design was donefrom March 2019 - July 2019 in 30 postnatal mothers. Data was collected with structured questionnaire onknowledge on food practices among postnatal mothers. Questions are How much kcal required for PNCmother. Green vegetables helps in, Dairy product helps in, Protein helps in..etc. Descriptive statistics wererepresented in Frequency and percentage. Statistical tests used were One way ANOVA test and independentT –test and Chi square test. The level of significance was considered to be statistically significant whenthe p-value was ?0.05. Result: Distribution of postnatal mothers according to their age in years shows themajority (76%) of them belongs to the age of 20-30 years, Distribution of postnatal mothers according totypes of diet that majority of (73%) have vegetarian, 20%non vegetarian, 6% have taking mix diet. Themajority 16 (53%) women were having average level of knowledge , 14(46%) women were having goodlevel of knowledge .The minimum score was 4 and maximum score was 11, , the mean score was 7.80 andstandard deviation is 2.18 respectively Conclusion: This reveals that age group of 20-30years have moreknowledge, 16 (53%) women were having average level of knowledge , 14(46%) women were having goodlevel of knowledge

A diversified Ostracoda (Crustacea) assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous intertrappean beds of Gujri, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh, India

Two new non-marine ostracod species, named Gomphocythere testudo sp. nov. and Candona phaseolus sp. nov. are described from the intertrappean beds exposed near Gujri village in District Dhar, Madhya Pradesh, Central India along with common Deccan intertrappean ostracod species Cyclocypris sahnii, Cypria cyrtonidion, Paracypretta jonesi, Periosocypris megistus and Stenocypris cylindrica. Presence of five other ostracod taxa, viz., Frambocythere tumiensis anjarensis, Gomphocythere strangulata, G. paucisulcatus, Zonocypris gujaratensis and Eucypris intervolcanus documented earlier from this locality are also present in our sample. Barring the two new taxa, the other ten species are also known to occur in coeval intertrappean and infratrappean beds of eastern, central, southern and western parts of the Deccan volcanic province. A Maastrichtian age is inferred for the fossiliferous horizon based on the ostracod fauna. Biostratinomical assessment of ostracod assemblages was carried out followed by palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental analyses. The presence of non-marine ostracods in association with terrestrial vertebrate remains, gastropods, and charophytes favours a freshwater depositional environment for the Gujri intertrappean beds and do not provide any evidence for the prevalence of supposed marine conditions along the Narmada lineament in the latest Cretaceous.