Tracking Device Research Articles

A Carpometacarpal Thumb Tracking Device for Telemanipulation of a Robotic Thumb: Development, Prototyping, and Evaluation

Hand−tracking systems are widely employed for telemanipulating grippers with high degrees of freedom (DOFs) such as an anthropomorphic robotic hand (ARH). However, tracking human thumb motion is challenging due to the complex motion of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint. Existing hand−tracking systems can track the motion of simple joints with one DOF, but most fail to track the motion of the CMC joint, or to do so, there is a need for expensive and intricately set up hardware systems. This research introduces and realizes an affordable and personalizable tracking device to capture the CMC joint Flexion/Extension and Abduction/Adduction motions. Tracked human thumb motion is mapped to a robot thumb in a hybrid approach: the proposed algorithm maps the CMC joint motion to the first two joints of the robot thumb, while joint mapping is established between the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints to the last two joints. When the tracking device is paired with a flex glove outfitted with bend sensors, the developed system provides the means to telemanipulate an ARH with a four-DOF thumb and one-DOF underactuated digits. A three-stage framework is proposed to telemanipulate the fully actuated robot thumb. The tracking device and framework were evaluated through a device operation and personalization test, as well as a framework verification test. Two volunteers successfully personalized, calibrated, and tested the device using the proposed mapping algorithm. One volunteer further evaluated the framework by performing hand poses and grasps, demonstrating effective control of the robot thumb for precision and power grasps in coordination with the other digits. The successful results support expanding the system and further evaluating it as a research platform for studying human–robot interaction in grasping tasks or in manufacturing, assistive, or medical domains.

I Did 10,000 Steps so I Earned This Treat: Problematic Smartwatch Use and Exercise Tracking Associations with Compensatory Eating and Sedentary Activity.

Smartwatches are digital devices, similar to smartphones, and come with the possibility of problematic use. Problematic technology use is the experience of psychological distress or reduced daily functioning in response to excessive or addictive technology use. The purpose of this study was to explore whether problematic use of smartwatch devices for exercise tracking influences user's health behaviors such as eating habits and sedentary activity. An online survey was conducted among college-aged smartwatch users (n = 221). Results showed that using smartwatches for exercise tracking has a positive relationship with compensatory eating behavior (i.e., increasing caloric intake after exercise) when the use is higher in problematic use. This study concludes that although smartwatch devices are promoted to aid healthy behaviors, their impact on positive health outcomes may be limited for some users, to the extent that compensatory eating can derail fitness goals and may exacerbate eating behaviors. Future research should aim to develop health messaging for smartwatch users to make them aware of the potential for compensatory eating behavior to undermine their goals in the face of excessive smartwatch use for fitness purposes.

Assessing Experiences With Trofinetide for Rett Syndrome: Interviews With Caregivers of Participants in Clinical Trials.

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder that mainly affects girls and women. Trofinetide is approved for the treatment of RTT in adults and children aged ≥2 years. To gain insight into experiences with RTT and effects of trofinetide treatment at different stages of RTT, interviews with caregivers of individuals with RTT were conducted upon their exit from the open-label trofinetide trials. Interviews were conducted with caregivers of participants in the LILAC/LILAC-2 open-label extension trials of the phase 3 LAVENDER trial in participants aged 5 to 20 years, and in DAFFODIL, an open-label trial in participants aged 2 to 4 years. Caregivers were asked about the RTT effects, experiences with trofinetide, meaningfulness of treatment effects, and satisfaction. Qualitative thematic analysis was performed. Caregivers of 33 participants from the open-label trials were interviewed, including 26 from LILAC/LILAC-2 (mean age, 12.3 years) and 7 from DAFFODIL (mean age, 4.5 years). The most commonly reported effects of RTT in LILAC/LILAC-2 were no verbal communication (24/26 [92.3%]), unable to use hands (15/26 [57.7%]), repetitive hand movements (15/26 [57.7%]), unable to walk (15/26 [57.7%]), and seizures (14/26 [53.8%]). In DAFFODIL, the most commonly reported effects of RTT were no verbal communication (7/7 [100%]), impaired balance (4/7 [57.1%]), unable to use hands (3/7 [42.9%]), repetitive hand movements (3/7 [42.9%]), mood disturbance (3/7 [42.9%]), constipation (3/7 [42.9%]), and limited ability to use hands (3/7 [42.9%]). Caregivers most commonly reported improvements in hand use (11/26 [42.3%]), engagement with others (11/26 [42.3%]), eye gaze (8/26 [30.8%]), use of the Tobii eye tracking device (7/26 [26.9%]), and attention/focus/concentration (7/26 [26.9%]) in LILAC/LILAC-2. In DAFFODIL, caregivers reported improvements in new words (5/7 [71.4%]), hand use (4/7 [57.1%]), and eye contact (4/7 [57.1%]). Nearly all (31/32) caregivers were very satisfied or satisfied with trofinetide. Caregivers of participants in open-label trofinetide trials reported improvements in RTT with meaningful impact in areas of motor function, communication, and engagement.

Evaluating effects of tracking device attachment methods on Black Oystercatchers Haematopus bachmani

Evaluating effects of tracking device attachment methods on Black Oystercatchers Haematopus bachmani

ASTRA Glove: A Wearable Tracking Device for “Accurate Sensing and Tracking of Realtime Articulations”

ASTRA Glove: A Wearable Tracking Device for “Accurate Sensing and Tracking of Realtime Articulations”

The Effect of Competitive Exercises Using Physical Performance Tracking Technology (GPS Playertek Plus and Polar H9) on Developing Speed in Iraqi Premier League Football Players

Football is one of the most important team sports, practiced by men and women, young and old, across various age groups. The physical development in this sport can be attributed to athletic training and modern technology, which have contributed significantly to advancing the sports field in general. Outstanding performance in football requires precise and quick physical abilities, closely tied to the competitive nature of the game. Speed is fundamental in football, making the use of technologies such as GPS tracking devices and heart rate monitors essential in both training and matches. This study aims to develop the speed of Al-Talaba SC players in Baghdad using a scientifically-based approach to improve their performance. The importance of the study lies in introducing competitive exercises with the help of global tracking technologies to enhance performance during training and develop training strategies based on scientific data. The research highlights a physical weakness in speed among the players, which calls for the use of the GPS Playertek Plus tracking device to improve speed. The scientific approach helps in analyzing data, designing competitive training sessions, and achieving optimal performance in matches. The study indicates that competitive exercises based on GPS tracking devices positively impact the development of player speed, reinforcing the importance of using these technologies in sports training, such as GPS tracking devices, to enhance player speed and design appropriate exercises for each player.

Development of a wearable activity tracker based on BBC micro:bit and its performance analysis for detecting bachata dance steps

The rising popularity of wearable activity tracking devices can be attributed to their capacity for gathering and analysing ambient data, which finds utility across numerous applications. In this study, a wearable activity tracking device is developed using the BBC micro:bit development board to identify basic bachata dance steps. Initially, a pair of smart ankle bracelets is crafted, employing the BBC micro:bit board equipped with a built-in accelerometer sensor and a Bluetooth module for transmitting accelerometer data to smartphones. Subsequently, a dataset encompassing six core bachata dance steps synchronized to four beats is created from ten participants to examine the performance of the system. A metric using squared Euclidean distance is applied for the accelerometer raw data to facilitate and standardize the automatic detection of the steps by the system. A user interface, built with Python and Tkinter library, is developed to enable automatic step detection using the accelerometer dataset. The results demonstrated a system accuracy rate of 79.2%.

Objective Markers of Sleep Quality in the Acute Postoperative Period After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Pilot Study

Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients are frequently subjected to immediate postsurgical pain and sleep disruption. Recent studies have explored postoperative sleep disruption using subjective assessments, however the literature on objective sleep quality markers remains sparse. Purpose The aim of this pilot study was to assess objective sleep quality measures in the immediate postoperative period following TKA. Design/Methods Patients undergoing primary TKA at a level two medical center were enrolled in a prospective study. Wearable sleep tracking devices (WHOOP, USA) were used to record resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate variability (HRV), hours of sleep, number of sleep disturbances per hour, hours of deep sleep (N3), hours of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and restorative sleep (deep and REM sleep combined) for at least a week preoperatively and four weeks postoperatively. The mean preoperative baseline values were compared to mean values over the first four postoperative weeks. Results Out of 25 enrolled patients, eight patients with complete data were included for analysis,. The mean hours of deep sleep (0.7 vs. 1.1; p=0.043) and restorative sleep (1.7 vs 2.3; p=0.043) were decreased in the first postoperative week compared to the fourth postoperative week. There were no other significant differences regarding any other outcomes. Conclusion This pilot study suggests that TKA patients have disruptions in deep and restorative sleep in the immediate postoperative period, although the sample size was limited by patient compliance with the wearable devices. Further study with greater sample size is warranted to further explore trends in postoperative sleep quality.

A clinical comparative analysis using an optical tracking device versus conventional tracking device in the production of occlusal appliances.

Optical tracking devices (OTDs) hold promise for enhancing patient-centered prostheses, but their efficacy remains underexplored. This clinical study aimed to comprehensively evaluate differences in static and dynamic occlusions among occlusal appliances fabricated using optical tracking, conventional tracking, and average articulator values (AAVs), providing insights into their efficacy in clinical and research-based practices. Twelve dentate participants aged over 25 years, with Angle Class I and II occlusal relationships, were enrolled. Occlusal appliances were fabricated by different condylar guidance values obtained by the three systems. The condylar guidance values were measured by an OTD via MODJAW, a conventional tracking device (CTD) via Cadiax compact 2, and the AAV with Bennett angle 10°, immediate mandibular lateral translation 0.5mm, and sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) 35°. Occlusal appliances were designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software with the measured condylar guidance values from three systems. Subsequently, standard tessellation language (STL) files were transferred to computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software for 3D printing with photopolymer resin. Each participant received three occlusal appliances fabricated using the three different systems. The accuracy of the systems was evaluated by accessing the clinical outcomes of the occlusal appliances. After placement, the number of contact points in maximal intercuspation position (MIP) and dynamic occlusion interferences were recorded, along with any discrepancies between designed and recorded contact points. Any anterior open bites at MIP with the appliance in place were measured from the maxillary incisal edge to the mandibular incisal edge. Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction for pairwise comparisons (α=0.05). In assessing static occlusion, significant differences were found in contact point discrepancies at MIP. OTD exhibited the lowest mean discrepancy of contact points compared with the original design (1.833±0.312), followed by CTD (4.083±0.758) and AAV (4.833±1.389), with a statistical significance (p=0.047). At the final protrusive position, OTD (0.400±0.204) and CTD (1.400±0.438) methods showed significantly lower discrepancies compared with AAV (3.583±0.352) (p<0.001). Additionally, the OTD method demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in anterior open bite at MIP (0.115±0.044mm) compared with AAV (0.617±0.246mm) (p=0.049). In dynamic occlusion, OTD showed no interferences in all subjects during protrusive movement, significantly outperforming both CTD (0.917±0.474) and AAV (0.417±0.202) (p=0.033). No significant differences were observed among the methods for working and nonworking side laterotrusive movements. The OTD offers superior accuracy over traditional methods, with reduced discrepancies and interferences in occlusal appliance fabrication, signifying a substantial advancement in mandibular movement assessment and improving treatment efficiency and outcomes in clinical practice.

High genetic diversity yet weak population genetic structure in European common terns

The common tern (Sterna hirundo) is a migratory seabird experiencing a decline in breeding pairs across several European populations due to various threats, including habitat destruction and human disturbance. This study investigates the population genetic structure and diversity of common terns sampled extensively across three European areas—Northern, Southern Inland and Southern Marine—during the breeding seasons, using 18 microsatellite markers and a mitochondrial DNA control region fragment. High genetic diversity was found in both types of markers, with the Southern Marine group showing the lowest overall diversity, although signals of possible population bottlenecks were detected in all groups. Various analyses indicated that population genetic structure was weak or absent, suggesting high gene flow among groups. The low genetic differentiation is likely influenced by distinct migration patterns, particularly between Southern Inland and Marine groups. Our results suggest that geographical distance between breeding colonies had minimal effect on population genetic structure. Further studies with tracking devices are needed to clarify how migration dynamics impacts genetic structure in common terns, while conservation efforts should focus on securing multiple breeding sites and currently unoccupied areas to increase options for habitat selection, supporting the species’ genetic diversity and long-term resilience.

Varus Strength of the Medial Elbow Musculature for Stress Shielding of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament in Competitive Baseball Pitchers.

Valgus load opens the medial elbow compartment, causing elongation of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) that can eventually lead to attenuation and failure. Ideally, the muscles surrounding the medial aspect of elbow joint should coordinate medial elbow compression to prevent the medial elbow compartment from opening and loading the UCL. This study aimed to determine whether baseball pitchers have sufficient elbow varus strength to unload the UCL during pitching. Using an electromagnetic tracking device, we measured the peak elbow varus moment during pitches (fastball, slider, curveball, and changeup) by 14 professional and 8 collegiate pitchers. Elbow varus strength was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer system while the medial elbow joint space was monitored using ultrasonography. A paired t-test was used to compare the peak varus moment generated during pitching with the varus strength, and the relative intensity of muscular output required to unload the UCL was determined. Except for curveballs, the muscular varus strength (57.5 ± 9.2 N·m) was not significantly larger (p = 0.165 ~ 0.853) than the peak varus moments during pitching (55.4 ± 13.0 N·m). Ten participants did not have sufficient muscular varus strength to completely unload the UCL from valgus loading when throwing fastballs and other pitch types. The relative intensity of muscular torque output required for stress shielding of the UCL ranged from 89.1%MVIVS ±21.7%MVIVS for curveballs to 103.1%MVIVS ±26.5%MVIVS for fastballs. Our findings demonstrate that most of the valgus load on the elbow joint during pitching can be counteracted by the muscular varus moment, but valgus loading on the UCL is likely unavoidable in baseball pitching.

CFTrack: Advanced Diagnostic, Monitoring, and Tracking Device for Cystic Fibrosis Care.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. In the United States, approximately 32,000 individuals, spanning both children and adults, suffer from CF, and roughly 1,000 new cases are diagnosed annually. The current gold standard for CF diagnosis is the sweat test, yet this method is plagued by issues such as being time-consuming, expensive, challenging to replicate, and lacking treatment monitoring capabilities. In contrast, the emerging field of wearable sweat biosensors has gained significant attention due to their potential for noninvasive health monitoring. Despite this, there remains a conspicuous absence of a wearable sweat biosensor tailored specifically for CF diagnosis and monitoring. Here, this study introduces a flexible wearable sweat biosensor, named CFTrack, designed to address the unique challenges associated with CF. This proposed CFTrack biosensor not only facilitates CF diagnosis but also enables the monitoring of medication treatment effectiveness and tracks therapy activities. In addition, it operates in a self-powered and customized manner, ensuring seamless integration into the daily lives of individuals with CF. Given that sweat tests and fitness routines are the predominant methods for diagnosing and treating cystic fibrosis patients, respectively, the proposed CFTrack biosensor leverages ion concentration in sweat for diagnostic purposes. Additionally, it incorporates a motion-tracking function to monitor physical activity, providing a comprehensive approach to CF management. To evaluate the feasibility of the proposed CFTrack biosensor, a comprehensive evaluation has been performed including numerical simulations, theoretical analyses, and experimental tests. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed CFTrack biosensor in diagnosing and monitoring CF conditions while also showcasing its ability to effectively track the progress of patients undergoing physical therapy. The proposed CFTrack biosensor resolves key issues associated with existing sweat sensors including high energy consumption, intricate fabrication procedures, and the absence of continuous monitoring capabilities. By addressing these challenges, the proposed sweat biosensor aims to revolutionize CF diagnosis and monitoring, offering a more efficient and user-friendly alternative to current methods.

Interleaving of screen printed PEDOT:PSS/ Ag nanowires ink via bottom-up approach into flexible polyurethane coats patterned on bi-stretch fabrics for multimodal sensing and IR heating

Textile-integrated wearable sensors have exhibited an immense potential to transform human life by fetching safety and comfort at the forefront. This work underscores a novel design approach to fabricate textile-integrated multimodal sensors using a conductive ink coated bi-stretch nylon fabric. Conductive ink has been formulated by dispersing high aspect ratio silver nanowires into water-dispersed PEDOT: PSS solution with polyvinylpyrrolidone that allows sensing of various stimuli, including mechanical strains, temperature, humidity, etc. The fabrication of sensing elements involves the interleaving of screen-printed conductive ink into flexible coats, using water-borne polyurethane, achieved by the facile pad-dry-cure technique on bi-stretch fabric like a sandwich. Remarkable mechanical strain sensing performance in terms of sensitivity, repeatability, and stability has been demonstrated along with flexibility, bendability, and compliant form factor, making them suitable for applications in wearable technology and smart textiles. Moreover, the temperature and humidity sensing exhibit rapid response and wide detection ranges, making the sensor adaptable to diverse environmental conditions. The sensing fabric responds well to different strain and compression conditions. The as-developed fabric can also operate as an IR heating element when biased at certain operating conditions. These attributes make such elements an ideal candidate for various applications, such as human motion tracking, environmental monitoring, and healthcare devices. The sensor's low-cost, solvent-free production and scalability make it a practical choice for mass adoption.

Eye movement disorders: A new approach to preliminary screening of Parkinson’s disease

To investigate the characteristics and diagnostic values of the eye movement disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD-EMDs), this cross-sectional study enrolled 127 Chinese patients with PD and 80 healthy controls, and divided them into training and validation sets based on enrollment time. Performance in the five oculomotor paradigms was assessed using an infrared pupil and a corneal reflection tracking device. The primary characteristics of PD-EMDs were elucidated as inaccurate fixation with high deviation (frequency and total quantity); inaccurate saccades with delayed reaction and low velocity; saccadic pursuit with high deviation, delayed reaction, and velocity; and decreased visual search ability. Subgroup comparison shows that PD-EMDs can be related with PD stages, motor subtypes, frozen gait, and drowsiness. Finally, we developed and externally validated a model for PD preliminary screening using multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis, comprising four oculomotor parameters (fixation accuracy, pro-saccade velocity, anti-saccade accuracy, and visual search duration), cognition score and educational years. The model has good feasibility with satisfactory performance on the receiver operating characteristic, calibration, and decision curves, and broad clinical applicability with better discrimination for more advanced PD patients and non-tremor-dominant PD patients. A nomogram was created to make the model more user-friendly in the clinical setting. Overall, we have demonstrated the presence of PD-EMDs and their prospective value for PD preliminary screening.

WSN Localization in Smart Cities Using Hybrid (TDOA &amp; RSSI) Localization Techniques with Extended Kalman Filter

In the context of smart cities, localization technologies are essential for tracking objects in both indoor and outdoor environments. The characteristics of urban settings such as building density, signal interference, and multipath propagation significantly impact the accuracy of localization algorithms. This paper reviews existing localization techniques, categorizing them into range-based and range-free methods, and discusses key algorithms including trilateration, multilateration, and triangulation. We propose a hybrid localization framework that combines Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) techniques, enhanced by an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for improved accuracy and robustness. Additionally, we present a design architecture for a transmitter and receiver system utilizing Long Range (LoRa) technology, facilitating the development of low-cost, low-power tracking devices that operate independently of Global Positioning System (GPS). Our approach aims to enhance the efficacy of localization in smart city applications, ultimately contributing to improved urban management and safety.

How engaged are you? A forensic analysis of the Oura Ring Gen 3 application across iOS, Android, and Cloud platforms

Wearable devices are becoming increasingly popular, diverse, and accessible. To put it in perspective, in 2022 alone, more than 490 million wearable devices were sold. The diversity of wearables is beneficial to users but poses challenges for mobile forensic investigators. These devices track, utilize, and collect a wide range of user information, generating a wealth of data that can potentially be used or presented in court as evidence. To keep up with these innovations, mobile forensic investigators must continuously monitor and update their knowledge. In particular, smart rings are gaining popularity, with the Oura Ring Gen 3 being one of the most anticipated within the community. This study provides an initial look at the Oura Ring Generation 3 application, known as Oura, from a mobile forensic perspective. The artifacts presented in this article are derived from three different platforms: Android, iOS, and Cloud. The study reveals the exact paths of the data points and their locations. The data uncovered in this study could be significant for digital forensics investigators in various scenarios and inform users about the personal information that is stored. Information such as heart rate, various activities performed, user ID, and other user details could prove valuable in multiple instances.

Tracking devices

Our panel discuss the discovery of a tracker on a child at nursery. By Gabriella Jozwiak

Robust Collaborative Visual-Inertial SLAM for Mobile Augmented Reality.

Achieving precise real-time localization and ensuring robustness are critical challenges in multi-user mobile AR applications. Leveraging collaborative information to augment tracking accuracy on lightweight devices and fortify overall system robustness emerges as a crucial necessity. In this paper, we propose a robust centralized collaborative rnulti-agent VI-SLAM system for mobile AR interaction and server-side efficient consistent mapping. The system deploys a lightweight VIO frontend on mobile devices for real-time tracking, and a backend running on a remote server to update multiple submaps. When overlapping areas between submaps across agents are detected, the system performs submap fusion to establish a globally consistent map. Additionally, we propose a map registration and fusion strategy based on covisibility areas for online registration and fusion in multi-agent scenarios. To improve the tracking accuracy of the frontend on agent, we introduce a strategy for updating the global map to the local map at a moderate frequency between the camera-rate pose estimation of the frontend VIO and the low-frequency global map optimization, using a tightly coupled strategy to achieve consistency of the multi-agent frontend poses estimation in the global map. The effectiveness of the proposed method is further confirmed by executing backend mapping on the server and deploying VIO frontends on multiple mobile devices for AR demostration. Additionally, we discuss the scalability of the proposed system by analyzing network traffic, synchronization frequency, and other factors at both the agent and server ends.

TouchMark: Partial Tactile Feedback Design for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Virtual Reality.

The use of Virtual Reality (VR) technology, especially in medical rehabilitation, has expanded to include tactile cues along with visual stimuli. For patients with upper limb hemiplegia, tangible handles with haptic stimuli could improve their ability to perform daily activities. Traditional VR controllers are unsuitable for patient rehabilitation in VR, necessitating the design of specialized tangible handles with integrated tracking devices. Besides, matching tactile stimulation with corresponding virtual visuals could strengthen users' embodiment (i.e., owning and controlling virtual bodies) in VR, which is crucial for patients' training with virtual hands. Haptic stimuli have been shown to amplify the embodiment in VR, whereas the effect of partial tactile stimulation from tangible handles on embodiment remains to be clarified. This research, including three experiments, aims to investigate how partial tactile feedback of tangible handles impacts users' embodiment, and we proposed a design concept called TouchMark for partial tactile stimuli that could help users quickly connect the physical and virtual worlds. To evaluate users' tactile and comfort perceptions when grasping tangible handles in a non-VR setting, various handles with three partial tactile factors were manipulated in Study 1. In Study 2, we explored the effects of partial feedback using three forms of TouchMark on the embodiment of healthy users in VR, with various tangible handles, while Study 3 focused on similar investigations with patients. These handles were utilized to complete virtual food preparation tasks. The tactile and comfort perceptions of tangible handles and users' embodiment were evaluated in this research using questionnaires and interviews. The results indicate that TouchMark with haptic line and ring forms over no stimulation would significantly enhance users' embodiment, especially for patients. The low-cost and innovative TouchMark approach may assist users, particularly those with limited VR experience, in achieving the embodiment and enhancing their virtual interactive experience.

Performance of consumer wrist-worn type sleep tracking devices compared to polysomnography: a meta-analysis.

The use of sleep tracking devices is increasing as people become more aware of the importance of sleep and interested in monitoring their patterns. With many devices on the market, we conducted a meta-analysis comparing sleep-scoring data from consumer wrist-worn sleep tracking devices with polysomnography to validate the accuracy of devices. We retrieved studies from the databases of SCOPUS, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and KoreaMed, and OVID Medline up to March 2024. We compared personal data about participants and information on objective sleep parameters. From 24 studies, data of 798 patient using Fitbit, Jawbone, myCadian watch, WHOOP strap, Garmin, Basis B1, Zulu Watch, Huami Arc, E4 wristband, Fatigue Science Readiband, Apple Watch, or Xiaomi Mi Band 5 were analyzed. There were significant differences in total sleep time {mean difference (MD) -16.854, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-26.332; -7.375]}, sleep efficiency (MD -4.691, 95% CI [-7.079; -2.302]), sleep latency (MD 2.574, 95% CI [0.606; 4.542]), and wake after sleep onset (MD 13.255, 95% CI [4.522; 21.988]) between all consumer sleep tracking devices and polysomnography. In subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference of wake after sleep onset between Fitbit and polysomnography. There was also no significant difference sleep latency between other devices and polysomnography. Fitbit measured sleep latency longer than other devices, and other devices measured wake after sleep onset longer. Based on Begg and Egger's test, there was no publication bias in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. Wrist-worn sleep tracking devices, while popular, are not as reliable as polysomnography in measuring key sleep parameters like total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and sleep latency. Physicians and consumers should be aware of their limitations and interpret results carefully, though they can still be useful for tracking general sleep patterns. Further improvements and clinical studies are needed to enhance their accuracy.