Deviant Behavior Patterns Research Articles

Social and Religious Behavior of Drug and Alcohol Users

Marriage is forming a family with the opposite sex, or also having sex or having intercourse which is a contract that causes lawful association and cooperation between men and women throughout life, whose rights and obligations have been regulated by Shari'ah law. While drugs are types of illegal drugs that cause users to become unconscious. There are many types of drugs, including marijuana, heroin, morphine, cocaine. The use of illegal drugs is severely punished by the government, and in Islamic law it is also strictly prohibited. While liquor is a drink that can intoxicate the drinker, and is forbidden in Islam. The object of this research is the informants who consume drugs and alcohol, then they decide to get married. In this study the authors tried to find out the effect of marriage on drug and alcohol users. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that marriage can have a positive effect on drug and alcohol users; both morally and socially because it can avoid living patterns of deviant behavior, such as prostitution, freesex, malak/nodong and stealing. Drugs and alcohol are very detrimental to health, for example, for a drug/alcohol user physically he will experience heart palpitations, hypertension and even lead to death. Marriage is able to provide good education in mental and spiritual formation and good morals for those who run it. for a drug/alcohol user physically he will experience heart palpitations, hypertension and even lead to death. Marriage is able to provide good education in mental and spiritual formation and good morals for those who run it. for a drug/alcohol user physically he will experience heart palpitations, hypertension and even lead to death. Marriage is able to provide good education in mental and spiritual formation and good morals for those who run it.

Youth social behaviour in using the city’s public space (case study of Menteng Bintaro park)

The Menteng Bintaro park is one of the city parks available in South Tangerang City. This city park is one of the destinations frequently visited by the community, especially teenagers. Social behaviour commonly owned by adolescents is usually characterized by the tendency of adolescents to try to separate themselves from parental supervision where adolescents tend to have a desire to be free, but not infrequently adolescent behaviour leads to deviant behaviour patterns. As a public facility, a city park must of course provide comfort for everyone who visits it. So, it is necessary to make observations about the social behaviour of adolescents in using city parks as public spaces. This research objective was to evaluate the social behaviour of adolescents in using urban public spaces with details including: identifying forms of adolescent social behaviour in utilizing city parks; evaluating the existing condition of the city park; identify the factors that influence the use of Menteng Bintaro park by youth. The object of research is Menteng Bintaro Park which is located in Sector 7 Bintaro Jaya, Jl. Wahid Hasyim, Pondok Jaya, Kecamatan Pondok Aren, South Tangerang City, Banten. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques including observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative.

Perilaku Menyimpang Mahasiswa dalam Kinerja Akademik di Perguruan Tinggi

This study aimed to describe the forms, causes, and efforts to minimize the occurrence of deviant behavior patterns in college students. This study used a qualitative approach with the type of case study research. The main subjects in this study were students of the Pancasila and Citizenship Education Study Program, Faculty of Social Sciences, State University of Malang, who were supported by the involvement of lecturers and teaching staff as supporting informants. Observations, interviews, and documentation were used as procedures for data collection techniques. Data analysis was carried out through several stages, including data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that there were three forms of student deviant behavior in academic performance, namely the fabrication of research proposals in the Pancasila and Citizenship Education Seminar, falsification of assignments for the Personality Psychology course, and plagiarism of Public Policy course assignments. The causes of this deviant behavior were laziness, lack of time management, and lack of learning discipline. The two-way communication process through deliberation and delivery of commitments to improve behavior was chosen as an effort to minimize the occurrence of deviant behavior in academic performance in universities.

Integrating Theories of Gender and Sexuality With Deviance: The Case of Prescription Drug Misuse during Sex

Social scientists have expended substantial effort to identify group patterns of deviant behavior. Yet beyond the ill-conceived treatment of sexual minorities as inherently deviant, they have rarely considered how gendered sexual identities (GSIs) shape participation in deviance. We argue for the utility of centering theories of gender and sexuality in intersectional deviance research. We demonstrate how this intentional focus on gender and sexuality provides important empirical insights while avoiding past pitfalls of stigmatizing sexual minorities. Drawing on theories of hegemonic masculinity, emphasized femininity, and minority stress together with criminological general strain theory, we demonstrate how societal expectations and constraints generate strains among GSI groups that may lead to distinctly patterned deviance, using the case of prescription drug misuse during sex. We employ thematic analysis of 120 in-depth interviews with people who misuse prescription drugs, stratified by GSI. We identify six themes highlighting distinct pathways from strain to misuse during sex for different GSI groups: intimacy management, achieving sexual freedom, regulating sexual mood, performance confidence, increased sense of control, and managing sexual identity conflict. In this article, we demonstrate the empirical and theoretical importance of centering gender and sexuality in deviance research and provide a roadmap for theoretical integration.

Социокультурные основания встраивания образцов девиантного поведения в процесс регуляции социальных взаимодействий в молодежной среде

The article analyzes the social and cultural foundations in modern society, which stimulate the embedding of examples of deviant behavior in the process of regulating social interactions in the youth environment. The theoretical and methodological analysis of the main provisions of the structural-functional school (Durkheim, Merton) is presented, the problems of functional integration of cultural elements (Sorokin), the contradictions between culture and social relations (Lapin), the interaction of cultural and social in the process of social development (Ahiezer). Special attention was paid to the correlation of social and cultural tools for regulating individual behavior (Alexander), and the consistency of social and cultural in society (Kravchenko). The author's analysis allowed to determine the main theoretical contradictions of the social mechanism of transformations of social institutions (Zaslavskaya), describe the role of macro-institutions in society (Dimans, Levicheva), and identify the impact of social uncertainty (Chuprov) and social deformations (Kudryavtsev) on society. Conclusions are made about the influence of socio-cultural conditions on the formation of deviant behavior patterns in conditions of uncertainty and the discontinuity of social interactions among young people. Social and cultural grounds determine the nature and direction of regulation of social interactions in society and the predominance of patterns of acceptable, normative or deviating from generally accepted norms of behavior in the mechanism of regulation. The mismatch of cultural and social grounds, as one of the key causes of this phenomenon, is studied from the positions of classical and modern sociological concepts. This discrepancy leads to an increase in illegal practices among young people. The above-mentioned processes of mismatch are accompanied by: dysfunction of macroinstitutions; deformation of the mechanism of normative regulation; reinterpretation of normative patterns in the social reality of young people; giving them a new, deviant meaning. The consequence of these processes is the formation of hybrid forms of regulation of social interactions in the youth environment, when normative patterns coexist with patterns of deviant behavior in the social reality of youth.

Сhild-parent relationship as a predictor of youth’s financial activity

Introduction. The study of financial behaviour and human activity in relation to the management of material resources seems relevant both from the point of view of identifying potential risks of deviant behaviour patterns in this area, and identifying training opportunities for effective management of their own financial resources. The studies of financial behaviour of young people in conjunction with parent-child relationships are poorly presented in modern science and are conducted mainly abroad. Due to the lack of data, the value of the Russian research is great due to the high demand for scientific ideas about such relationship.The aimof the present research is to identify the interdependence between child-parent relationships and the financial activity of young people through the correlation of their models of financial behaviour, as well as the search for determinants of the activity of boys and girls in the system of parenting.Methodology and research methods. An empirical study was conducted on two related samples – youth representatives (young teenagers aged from 14 to 16 years old) and their parents. The total number of study participants was 144 people, of which 87 parents (57 women and 30 men) and 57 youth representatives (29 girls and 28 boys). For data collection, the authors compiled a questionnaire. This questionnaire contains two blocks: an assessment of the financial activity of the family and an assessment of the financial activity of youth. Also, the authors employed the methodology “Family Relationship Analysis” (by E. G Eidemiller, V. V. Yustitskis) and the questionnaire “Parent Behaviour and the Attitude of Children toward It” (by E. Schafer). Processing of the obtained data was carried out in the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistic 19.0. For mathematical and statistical analysis, the methods of descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used.Results and scientific novelty. As a result of an empirical study, two statistically significant regression models were constructed. According to the obtained models, some features of parent-child relationships really stimulate the financial activity and independence of youth. The groups of financially active and passive boys and girls are identified. It is established that these groups differ only in relation to their own assessments of parental impact by the mother.Practical significanceof the work lies in the possibility of using the obtained data to form a scientific understanding of the genesis and mechanisms of formation of a person’s financial activity, as well as in identifying target groups and developing effective methods for teaching financial literacy of the population.

Сhild-parent relationship as a predictor of youth’s financial activity

Introduction. The study of financial behaviour and human activity in relation to the management of material resources seems relevant both from the point of view of identifying potential risks of deviant behaviour patterns in this area, and identifying training opportunities for effective management of their own financial resources. The studies of financial behaviour of young people in conjunction with parent-child relationships are poorly presented in modern science and are conducted mainly abroad. Due to the lack of data, the value of the Russian research is great due to the high demand for scientific ideas about such relationship.The aim of the present research is to identify the interdependence between child-parent relationships and the financial activity of young people through the correlation of their models of financial behaviour, as well as the search for determinants of the activity of boys and girls in the system of parenting.Methodology and research methods. An empirical study was conducted on two related samples – youth representatives (young teenagers aged from 14 to 16 years old) and their parents. The total number of study participants was 144 people, of which 87 parents (57 women and 30 men) and 57 youth representatives (29 girls and 28 boys). For data collection, the authors compiled a questionnaire. This questionnaire contains two blocks: an assessment of the financial activity of the family and an assessment of the financial activity of youth. Also, the authors employed the methodology “Family Relationship Analysis” (by E. G Eidemiller, V. V. Yustitskis) and the questionnaire “Parent Behaviour and the Attitude of Children toward It” (by E. Schafer). Processing of the obtained data was carried out in the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistic 19.0. For mathematical and statistical analysis, the methods of descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used.Results and scientific novelty. As a result of an empirical study, two statistically significant regression models were constructed. According to the obtained models, some features of parent-child relationships really stimulate the financial activity and independence of youth. The groups of financially active and passive boys and girls are identified. It is established that these groups differ only in relation to their own assessments of parental impact by the mother.Practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the obtained data to form a scientific understanding of the genesis and mechanisms of formation of a person’s financial activity, as well as in identifying target groups and developing effective methods for teaching financial literacy of the population.

Different factors predict adolescent substance use versus adult substance abuse: Lessons from a social-developmental approach.

This 17-year prospective study applied a social-developmental lens to the challenge of distinguishing predictors of adolescent-era substance use from predictors of longer term adult substance use problems. A diverse community sample of 168 individuals was repeatedly assessed from age 13 to age 30 using test, self-, parent-, and peer-report methods. As hypothesized, substance use within adolescence was linked to a range of likely transient social and developmental factors that are particularly salient during the adolescent era, including popularity with peers, peer substance use, parent-adolescent conflict, and broader patterns of deviant behavior. Substance abuse problems at ages 27-30 were best predicted, even after accounting for levels of substance use in adolescence, by adolescent-era markers of underlying deficits, including lack of social skills and poor self-concept. The factors that best predicted levels of adolescent-era substance use were not generally predictive of adult substance abuse problems in multivariate models (either with or without accounting for baseline levels of use). Results are interpreted as suggesting that recognizing the developmental nature of adolescent-era substance use may be crucial to distinguishing factors that predict socially driven and/or relatively transient use during adolescence from factors that predict long-term problems with substance abuse that extend well into adulthood.

Cannabinoid dependence: psychological issues in a biopsychosocial approach research – a working paper

Introduction: The consumption of psychoactive substances in Portugal has been decreasing in the last decade. However, the latest report from the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) indicates that 5.1% of the Portuguese population has frequent cannabis use. The effect of psychosocial development in childhood and adolescence, or their life history, is considered to be a particularly important element in the genetic variation of the endocannabinoid system [1]. There are several techniques and instruments that can be used in the evaluation of drug addiction, namely: interview, self-registration, psychometric instruments and biological tests [2]. Although this study has a genetic and psychosocial approach, we will only present the psychological component of the research. Materials and methods: Objective data, such as consumption changes, age, initiation substance, routes of administration used, substances consumed, relapse circumstances, previous attempts to quit, and drug-related health problems allow access to the standard of consumption, as well as data on the subject’s feelings, circumstances and thoughts before and after consumption. To assess drug use we opted for the development of a small questionnaire focused on the above mentioned issues and aimed. Due to the association with psychopathology we use the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI). All ethical principles have been taken due to the sensitive nature of the data involved. Results: The large majority of studies on cannabinoid consumption suggest that hereditary influences that may be at the basis of predisposition towards substance use are attenuated in the presence of adequate parental monitoring/supervision [1,3]. Although this is still an investigation in curses, with no final results, there is a tendency for those evaluated to show a history of initiation of adolescents’ consumption with cannabis, followed by harder drugs. There is also a lack of parental control and supervision, apparently capable of correcting patterns of early deviant behavior. The psychopathology not yet have significant results due to sample size. Discussion and conclusions: As a working paper which derives from the application of a research pre-test, the results obtained only seek to understand the adequacy of the methodology to be used in the pilot study that will be started soon. This research is a pioneer, since it analyzes in parallel, possible genetic and psychosocial impacts on the consumption of psychoactive substances, contrary to what appears in most of the literature of reference.

The Nature of Deviant Behaviour Patterns that are Prevevalent among Pupils in Secondary Schools in Zambia: A Case of Central Province

The Nature of Deviant Behaviour Patterns that are Prevevalent among Pupils in Secondary Schools in Zambia: A Case of Central Province

Psychological Analysis of Adolescent Deviations

Adolescence is extremely important in everybody’s life, since self-image and attitude towards self are shaped in this period. It also accounts for most of the deviant behavior patterns often caused by the deprivation of such needs as affection and safety. Failure to fulfil them results in hostility and aggression, personality neurotization, pursuit of need satisfaction by all means possible. The research covers three groups of adolescents: graffiti drawers, law-abiding teenagers and juvenile offenders. The research has shown that deprivation of the privacy, i.e. private space, choice of friends, own interests and values can trigger deviant behavior among adolescents. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s4p225

LEVEL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVIATIONS AMONG THE TALENTED STUDENTS IN THE ADOLESCENCE STAGE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SOME PERSONAL VARIABLES IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

The present study aims to identify the nature of the relationship between patterns of family upbringing and the deviant behavior among the talented students in the city of Jeddah in Saudi Arabia. The study has been applied to the talented students in the age (13-15) years and to their parents. A scale of family upbringing patters and a scale of behavioral deviations have been developed in order to achieve the study objectives. The study has reached into the conclusion that the relationship between patterns of family upbringing and deviant behavior interpret as a ratio of (27.0 %) of the deviant behavior in all patterns of upbringing.

Pitfalls of new information and communication technologies

A grave socio-psychological problem (that is often overlooked by the national press) is discussed due to the modern scientific and technological progress in cyberspace. The negative effects of abnormal pastimes are considered in detail, as well as the patterns of deviant behavior on the web that are characteristic of Internet addicts (adults and children) and the prevention of Internet addiction disorder.

Risk of Overindebtedness and Behavioural Factors

The aim of this paper is to analyse the link between behaviour and overindebtedness and to shed light on the effectiveness of policy measures to tackle household financial fragility. Behaviour leading to overindebtedness is often put down to social and psychological factors that reduce an individual’s capacity to evaluate the consequences of his/her consumption and borrowing decisions. Such decisions may not be rational from a classic economic point of view. In fact individuals tend, on the one hand, to overestimate their capacity to manage domestic financial resources and, on the other hand, to underestimate the possibility of being affected by negative events. As a result, these individuals systematically underestimate the risk of not being able to meet their financial commitments. Furthermore, they overestimate the immediate benefits and undervalue the future costs; such behaviour leads to the decision to purchase, using debt if necessary, regardless of the effect this choice may have on the sustainability of future debt levels. The fact that overindebtedness may be caused by individuals’ irrational behaviour is relevant and has to be taken into account in order to devise appropriate measures to prevent or manage situations of financial difficulties and to evaluate their effectiveness. The empirical literature has shown how psychological factors have an impact on the effectiveness of policies adopted to prevent and manage financial difficulties arising from overindebtedness. Studies carried out within behavioural economics have also shown that individuals have little awareness of these psychological mechanisms. Indeed, individuals in financial difficulties tend to lay the blame on exogenous factors such as job or family difficulties, which reduce income level below expected. Rarely do individuals recognise that the causes for their difficulties lie principally - or at least also - with their inability to manage money and the decisions made regarding spending and indebtedness. Furthermore, many studies have shown how deviant behaviour patterns persist even when individuals are aware of the risks they face. Individuals’ incapacity to take corrective steps despite knowing the dangers of overindebtedness may have significant implication for designing effective policies to management situations of indebtedness that may become pathological.

Do schizoaffective disorders exist at all?

Do schizoaffective disorders exist at all?

RELIGIOUS REFERENCE GROUPS AND THE PERSISTENCE OF NORMATIVE BEHAVIOR: AN EMPIRICAL TEST

Reference groups and significant others are vitally important in both the formation and the persistence or change of normative as well as deviant behavior patterns. Thus one's initial religious beliefs and behavior (or lack thereof) reflect the socializing influence of the family. However, the situation may change when young people leave home for education or work, as demonstrated by research that shows decreases in religious beliefs or church attendance when young people leave home to attend college. In contrast to the pattern whereby religiosity declines in a college or university environment, we maintain that students who develop close ties with others who are religious, especially in a highly religious community, will maintain the same patterns of high commitment developed in their families. Specifically, we hypothesize that religious beliefs and participation will be positively related to (1) parents' religious beliefs and practices and (2) current friends' religious beliefs and participation. These hypotheses were tested with a sample of college students living on campus (n = 339). The data support the argument that students' current religious beliefs and behavior are related to both their parents' religiosity and the reinforcing effects of the religiosity of their current friends.

A clinical investigation of the possible effects of long-term habituation of sexual arousal in assisted covert sensitization

Behavior principles are naturally implicated in most of the behavior therapy techniques used in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions and sexual disorders. Hypotheses differ, however, in the extent to which behavior therapy procedures emphasize the classical conditioning of sexual arousal (e.g. penile responses) or the operant conditioning of deviant sexual behavior patterns, or other often ignored behavior principles such as habituation. The purpose of the present case study is to investigate the possibility that at least part of the clinical effects of a widely used behavior therapy technique for sexual deviations, covert sensitization, may directly involve habituation processes. Results of the assisted covert sensitization case study indicate that, while expected decrements in sexual arousal to sexually inappropriate stimuli were observed, decrements in sexual arousal and self-report were also observed for sexually appropriate stimuli which received no aversive consequences, only repeated stimulus presentation over time. It is argued that habituation processes need further empirical investigation as a potential behavioral mechanism in the beneficial clinical effects usually noted in covert sensitization procedures.

Neuropsychological deficits in sexual offenders: Implications for treatment

Abstract This paper provides a brief overview of the growing body of evidence that a proportion of adult sexual offenders present with some localized form of brain pathology, often left temporal lobe, that may, in part, explain the presence of gender dysphoria and the attraction to deviant behaviour patterns in sexually anomalous men who prefer child surrogate partners or unsuspecting women. Given the treatment-resistant stance of many sexual offenders, certain treatment techniques are illustrated that have some proven merit. Such partially impaired men are amenable to action-oriented, visual (right-brain) training methods that compare favourably with traditional verbally-mediated, insight-orientated approaches. The techniques employed rely on social skill training, psychodramatic role plays (using a doll or mannequin), stress reduction and anger management, empathy training, guided visualization, neurolinguistic programming (NLP), cognitive restructuring, sketches of covert fantasies or deviant actions f...

The Micro System of Deviance in Intimate Relationships*

Deviance in intimate relationships may lie as much within the micro system of such relationships as it does within the personalities of the actors involved. Using a Parsonsian framework, it is argued that the strain of systemically disequilibrated relationships can produce deviant personality adaptations which, in turn, intensify conflict and deviance in those relationships. It is also proposed that a reciprocal quality exists to such maladaptations, with each member of the dyad contributing to the amplification of a stable system of deviant behavior patterns within the relationship. Because the patterns of maladaptive dyads spill over into parent‐child relationships, they have implications for understanding intergenerational transmission of deviance between intimates.

Differential association theory reconsidered: An extension and its empirical test

In 1974 the German methodologist Karl-Dieter Opp expounded and expanded Sutherland's differential association theory. In this article an empirical test of this version of the theory is presented based on data for 1196 boys and girls in the age range 12 to 17 years. Furthermore, some new and additional theoretical specifications about the social influence of others on the individual, all in accordance with the original ideas of Sutherland, are proposed and empirically tested. The differential association theory according to the version of K.-D. Opp is fairly well corroborated by the data. Only three of the postulated relationships are rejected. The theory explains 51% of the variance of criminal behavior, even considering that no “criminal” population is used for the test and only minor offenses are measured. The test also shows that the impact of the frequency of contacts with deviant behavior patterns on the development of positive definitions and on the frequency of communication about relevant techniques is substantial and cannot be ignored by criminologists. Furthermore, special analyses show that several propositions favor the theory. It is the deviancy of others that has the most substantial impact: the more youngsters have contact with their friends, the stronger the impact of the deviancy of their friends on the development of positive definitions or on the frequency of communication about techniques. The tests also show that the more youngsters identify themselves with others, the stronger will be the impact of the deviancy of the others on their norms. These results support the modification of the DA theory according to Opp and falsify some propositions of social control theory.