Childhood Developmental Disorders Research Articles

TRANSFORMASI PENDIDIKAN MELALUI COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY (CBT): SUATU ANALISIS LANDSKAP BIBLIOMETRIK

This bibliometric study investigates the trends, scope, and impact of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) within the educational context for children and adolescents, utilizing a literature analysis of publications from 2019 to 2023. The research adopts a quantitative approach, leveraging the Scopus database for mathematical and statistical analysis of published articles, aided by Scopus Analyser and VOSviewer software. A total of 709 articles were selected, focusing on the application of CBT in social sciences, arts, humanities, and psychology. The study reveals dynamic trends in academic output, with a peak in 2021 followed by a decline, reflecting fluctuating scientific interest or funding. The primary research fields are psychology and medicine, emphasizing the interdisciplinary nature of CBT. Significant emphasis is placed on psychological interventions for early childhood developmental disorders, mental health in school settings, and anxiety disorders in adolescents. The analysis of prolific authors and co-citation networks offers insights into key contributors and collaboration patterns. Central terms such as "autism," "school child," "behavior therapy," and "mental health" emerge as focal points, highlighting active areas of research. The study also examines the sources of journal publications, identifying leading journals in the field. The findings affirm the effectiveness of CBT in addressing psychological and behavioral issues in the education of children and adolescents, contributing to a deeper understanding of CBT's role in special education and providing a foundation for future research, policy-making, and academic collaborations.

Gambaran Pemahaman Ibu-Ibu tentang Stunting di Desa Emplasmen Kwala Mencirim

Stunting is a developmental disorder in children caused by poor nutrition, repeated infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. A child can be defined as stunted if his age height is more than two standard deviations, below the provisions of the Child Growth Standard. The high incidence of stunting in Indonesia is one of the factors due to people's misunderstanding about stunting where they consider it reasonable about the proportion of their children's height, the mother's understanding factor is a very important factor in preventing stunting where stunting in children tends to occur in mothers who have less understanding. Understanding from mothers/expectant mothers really needs to be improved optimally to prevent and break the chain of stunting.

Mothers' Knowledge About Toddler Growth and Development in Posyandu Sejahtera 1 Benyo Sendangsari Hamlet

Suboptimal growth and development in children will have an impact on the incidence of growth and development disorders in children under five years of age and can cause the risk of stunting. The results of Riskedes (2018) show that 35.7% of children in Indonesia experience developmental growth disorders and are classified as high public health problems. The occurrence of non-optimal child growth and development is due to a lack of knowledge in the family, especially mothers. Maternal knowledge will determine attitudes and behaviors in providing nutrition, affection, and the frequency of stimulation given to their children. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of mothers about the growth and development of toddlers at Posyandu Sejahtera 1 Benyo Sendangsari Hamlet. This research is a mixed methods research, which is a research step by combining two forms of approaches in research, namely qualitative and quantitative. The sampling technique in this study used 2 techniques, namely total sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis in this study used univariate and descriptive analysis. The results of the study based on the level of knowledge of mothers about toddler growth and development were categorized as good knowledge as many as 15 respondents (50.0%), sufficient knowledge as many as 13 respondents (43.3%) and less knowledge as many as 2 respondents (6.7%). The results of the interview can be concluded that the informants have been and often get information from health workers and get information from social media and brochures, in the nutritional status of toddler growth is sufficient, meaning that mothers of toddlers already understand and know about toddler growth and development knowledge.

Regulatory problems and developmental psychopathology within the first 2 years of living—a nested in cohort population-based study

BackgroundInfancy regulatory problems (RP) of sleep, feeding and eating, and excessive crying are thought to play a key role in the development of psychopathology in childhood, but knowledge of the early trajectories is limited.ObjectiveTo explore RP at ages 8–11 months and the associations with mental health problems at 1½ years, and assess the influences of maternal mental health problems and relationship problems.MethodsRP was explored in a nested in-cohort sample (N = 416) drawn from a community-based cohort (N = 2,973). Cohort children were examined by community health nurses, using a mental health screening, which included seven items of RP. Follow-up at 1½ years included diagnostic assessment according to the International Classification of Diseases, ICD-10, and the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders in Infancy and Early Childhood: Revised edition, DC:0-3R. Data analyses included logistic regression models and analyses of the mediation effect of maternal mental health and relationship problems.ResultsRP of sleep were associated with a 2-fold increased risk of child mental disorder specifically sleep disorders, adjusted odds ratio (OR) 9.3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0–42.9], disorders of behavior and emotions, adjusted OR 2.9 (95% CI: 1.0–8.4), and DC:0-3R regulatory disorders, adjusted OR 2.7 (95% CI: 1.0–7.5). Children with RP of feeding and eating showed an increased risk of overall mental disorder, adjusted OR 1.4 (95% CI: 0.7–2.4), and specifically, feeding and eating disorders, adjusted OR 6.0 (95% CI: 1.6–21.7), disorders of behavior and emotions, adjusted OR 2.2 (95% CI: 0.9–5.8), as well as DC:0-3R regulatory disorders, adjusted OR 1.6 (1.0–7.5). RP of emotional regulation were associated with increased risk of any mental disorder, adjusted OR 1.5 (1.0–2.4), and specifically behavioral and emotional disorders, adjusted OR 2.2 (95% CI: 0.9–5.9) and DC:0-3R relationship disorders, adjusted OR 1.8 (95% CI: 0.9–3.8). The mediation effect of maternal mental health problems and relationship problems ranged between 0% and 48%.ConclusionRP at ages 8–11 months is associated with increased risk of ICD-10 and DC:0-3R disorders at 1½ years. Study findings highlight a group of vulnerable infants in need of preventive intervention to break the early trajectories of psychopathology.

The relationship between adverse childhood experiences and developmental disorders: implications for family support and child advocacy

ABSTRACT The association between developmental disorders, specifically ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is examined in this study. The National Survey of Children’s Health was utilized to generate odds ratios using logistic regression. Children with developmental disorders had higher odds of all ACEs compared to neurotypical children. ASD diagnosis had the strongest correlation with Community ACEs, while ADHD diagnosis was more strongly correlated with household ACEs. Co-occurring ASD/ADHD correlated strongly with abuse/neglect ACEs. These findings indicate the need for targeted interventions to reduce experiences of ACEs and support access to and navigation of healthcare systems.

Real-world diagnostic outcomes and cost-effectiveness of genome-wide sequencing for developmental and seizure disorders: Evidence from Canada

PurposeTo determine real-world diagnostic rates, cost trajectories, and cost-effectiveness of exome sequencing (ES) and genome sequencing (GS) for children with developmental and/or seizure disorders in British Columbia, Canada. MethodsBased on medical records review, we estimated real-world costs and outcomes for 491 patients who underwent standard of care (SOC) diagnostic testing at British Columbia Children’s Hospital. Results informed a state-transition Markov model examining cost-effectiveness of 3 competing diagnostic strategies: (1) SOC with last-tier access to ES, (2) streamlined ES access, and (3) first-tier GS. ResultsThrough SOC, 49.4% (95% CI: 40.6, 58.2) of patients were diagnosed at an average cost of C$11,683 per patient (95% CI: 9200, 14,166). Compared with SOC, earlier ES or GS access yielded similar or improved diagnostic rates and shorter times to genetic diagnosis, with 94% of simulations demonstrating cost savings for streamlined ES and 60% for first-tier GS. Net benefit from the perspective of the health care system was C$2956 (95% CI: −608, 6519) for streamlined ES compared with SOC. ConclusionUsing real-world data, we found earlier access to ES may yield more rapid genetic diagnosis of childhood developmental and seizure disorders and cost savings compared with current practice in a Canadian health care system.

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG STUNTING PADA IBU KEK DAN FAKTOR RESIKO TUMBUH KEMBANG FLAT FOOT PADA ANAK

Pregnant women who experience chronic energy deficiency (KEK) can put their baby at risk of stunting. Stunting is a child's developmental disorder caused by a lack of nutritional intake, infection, or inadequate stimulation. Flat feet in children are a consequence of various factors such as obesity or heredity. It can be classified as a physiological or pathological disorder. Foot problems such as flat feet or flat feet are one of the main causes of various other complaints that are often underestimated. The implementation method used in this Community Service activity is presentation, discussion, and mentoring. It was concluded that increasing stunting knowledge for SEZ pregnant women and flatfoot risk factors in children meant that the learning process which lasted for two sessions with 20 participants of pregnant women with SEZs could be carried out smoothly and well.

Поиск причин речевых нарушений у детей (перинатальные аспекты)

Speech disorders in children are a current issue of modern times, primarily because speech is a central cognitive function, without which the development of other mental processes, including thinking, is impossible. Speech development disorders in children can lead to difficulties in various areas in the future. This underscores the relevance of studying the causes of speech disorders in children and analyzing the factors influencing their occurrence. The aim of the research was to study the gender differences in the causes of speech disorders in children. A review and analysis of the literature on the problem were conducted. It was found that researchers consider perinatal factors among the significant causes of speech disorders. A retrospective analysis of the medical and educational documentation of children (n = 300) with disabilities, including severe speech disorders, was carried out. As a result, potential risk factors of the perinatal period influencing the occurrence of speech disorders in children were identified, and a gender analysis of these causes was conducted. Taking into account the identified risk factors, along with the early detection of deviations in a child’s psychomotor and speech development, will allow for the timely initiation of medication therapy and corrective work.

Medicines regulator seeks expert advice on risk of developmental disorders in children fathered by men on valproate

Medicines regulator seeks expert advice on risk of developmental disorders in children fathered by men on valproate

The Random Forest algorithm for classifying stunting in toddlers based on anthropometric data

Stunting is a growth and developmental disorder in children that often occurs during the first 1,000 days of life, from conception to the age of two. Factors such as inadequate nutritional intake, recurrent infections, and a less clean environment can contribute to stunting. In this case, use the random forest algorithm. The goal is to categorize the stunting case. The variables used are gender, age, birth weight, birth height, weight, height, and Exclusive Breastfeeding. With the number of datasets used reaching 6,500, the experiment was performed with a combination of parameters, namely n_estimators 100, 200, and 500. Max_features = 5, 7, 10, and 13. As well as min_samples_split and min_sample_leaf = 20, 50, and 100. Based on the specified set of hyperparameters, 108 test results were obtained. The highest accuracy is 0.9651, with precision = 0.9603, recall = 0.9718, and F1-score = 0.9660. With n_estimators formed = 100, max_depth = 13, min_samples_split = 20, and min_samples_leaf = 20.

Unveiling critical ADHD biomarkers in limbic system and cerebellum using a binary hypothesis testing approach.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood developmental disorder. In recent years, pattern recognition methods have been increasingly applied to neuroimaging studies of ADHD. However, these methods often suffer from limited accuracy and interpretability, impeding their contribution to the identification of ADHD-related biomarkers. To address these limitations, we applied the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) results for the limbic system and cerebellar network as input data and conducted a binary hypothesis testing framework for ADHD biomarker detection. Our study on the ADHD-200 dataset at multiple sites resulted in an average classification accuracy of 93%, indicating strong discriminative power of the input brain regions between the ADHD and control groups. Moreover, our approach identified critical brain regions, including the thalamus, hippocampal gyrus, and cerebellum Crus 2, as biomarkers. Overall, this investigation uncovered potential ADHD biomarkers in the limbic system and cerebellar network through the use of ALFF realizing highly credible results, which can provide new insights for ADHD diagnosis and treatment.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perkembangan Motorik Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampa Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau

Toddlerhood is a critical period that determines the growth and development of children. According to UNICEF in 2015, the number of motor development disorders in children was 3 million (27.5%). The results of the 2012 SDKI showed that the number of early childhood (0-6 years) was 26.1 million, about 14.1 per cent had developmental delays. Based on the results of monitoring in the Kampa Community Health Centre working area, Tanjung Berulak village is the village with the highest percentage of developmental delays in toddlers. The purpose of the study was to analyse the relationship between education, occupation, and parenting patterns of mothers with the development of mokorik toddlers in the working area of the Kampa puskesmas in Kampar district in 2022. This study used a cross sectional design. The population is all toddlers who have KMS. Samples were taken from a total population of 52 toddlers. The research location is in Tanjung Berulak village, Kampa health centre working area, Kampar Regency. Data analysis using Fisher's Exact statistical test. The results of the study showed a relationship between education, occupation, and parenting of mothers with motor development of toddlers in the Kampa Health Centre Working Area in 2022. It is expected that health workers can increase preventive efforts through health promotion for mothers of toddlers related to delays in motor development.

Development Edge Device Monitoring System Stunting and Malnutrition in Golden age 0–5 years Integrated with AI

Golden age is the best period for a child's growth, monitoring of growth and development must be carried out regularly. Growth and development disorders in children are stunting and malnutrition. This incident also prompted the government through the Ministry of Health to create a special program towards a golden Indonesia 2045 to monitor stunting and disease, especially in children. The prevalence of stunting decreased to 21.6% from 24.4% in 2022. Early detection of stunting and malnutrition, where the research object is children aged 0-5 years. This prototype was built using a load cell sensor, a study of the use of optical sensors and ultrasonic sensors to measure body height, and a MAX sensor to detect children's anemia. The integration of this tool combines IoT and AI. The results obtained to validate the use of load cells have a reading error of 0.01% with an accuracy of 99%. Comparison using optical sensors and ultrasonic sensors. Optical sensors have result average error of 0.01, accuracy 98.99%, ultrasonic sensors error was 0. 15 with 85% accuracy. To measure malnutrition, the anemia parameters were processed using the Dense Neural Network (DNN) model with 256 neurons showing an accuracy of 98.03%.

Assessment of the physical development of children with and without high thrombogenic risk factors in the Health Center for Children

BACKGROUND: Up to 65% diseases associated with pathological thrombus have been described; more than 100 thrombogenic risk factors leading to vascular accidents have been studied. It is known that physical development is an important indicator of health in children. The relationship between the presence of thrombogenic risk factors in various disorders of physical development in children has been studied.
 AIM: To determine the relationship between physical development disorders in children and the presence of thrombogenic risk factors.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 396 children aged 14–18 years, who underwent physical growth assessment using the sigma deviation method and genetic testing to determine polymorphisms of folate cycle genes and polymorphisms of thrombophilia genes. Statistical processing was carried out using the application package Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, Inc., USA).
 RESULTS: The analysis of anthropometric indicators in children showed that in the group of the patients with thrombogenic risk factors, height and body weight values with average physical disharmonious development due to excess weight were statistically significantly higher than age-reference indicators.
 CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the study, it has been shown that disharmony in physical development in children with high thrombogenic risk factors may be one of the risk factors for the development of thrombotic conditions.

Neuropsychiatric Developmental Disorders in Children Are Associated With an Impaired Response to Treatment in Bladder Bowel Dysfunction: A Prospective Multi-Institutional European Observational Study.

Bladder and bowel dysfunction is a common but underdiagnosed pediatric entity which may represent up to 47% of pediatric urology consults. The objectives of this observational study were to determine functional 1-year outcomes following standard treatment of bladder and bowel dysfunction in both control and neuropsychiatric developmental disorder groups using validated questionnaires, and to perform an initial cost analysis. This was a prospective observational study conducted across a number of academic European centers (July 2020-November 2022) for new bladder and bowel dysfunction patients. Parents completed a sociodemographic survey, information pertaining to prior neuropsychiatric developmental disorder diagnoses, as well as a number of validated functional scores. A total of 240 patients were recruited. In the control bladder and bowel dysfunction group, the baseline Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System and Childhood Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction Questionnaire scores were 20% and 17.% lower, respectively, after 1 year compared to the neuropsychiatric developmental disorder group. The change in improvement was diminished for the neuropsychiatric developmental disorder cohort in both Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System and Childhood Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction Questionnaire scores. The odds ratio of full symptom resolution was 5.7 in the control cohort compared to the neuropsychiatric developmental disorder cohort. A cost analysis on prescribed medications at referral led to a total cost of €32,603.76 (US $35,381.00) in the control group and €37,625.36 (US $40,830.00) in the neuropsychiatric developmental disorder group. This study demonstrates that pediatric patients with a neuropsychiatric developmental disorder exhibit more severe bladder and bowel dysfunction at baseline and throughout treatment with a lower overall quality of life, as well as 15.4% higher medication costs at referral. It is also important that parents' and caregivers' expectations are managed regarding higher levels of treatment resistance for functional bladder and bowel issues.

Breastfeeding pattern and its relationship with weight gain in children older than 6 months.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breastfeeding is the best way to feed infants. Adoption of some inappropriate nutritional patterns along with breast milk, especially in infants older than 6 months, may lead to a delay in the child's growth. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding and weight gain in children aged 6-24 months. This case-control study was conducted on 120 infants aged 6-24 months and their mothers recruited from health centers of Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. The data collection tool in the present study included a questionnaire to record demographic information and information in the child's medical records in health centers. Statistical analysis of the data was done by SPSS 23 using the Chi-square test and t-test. No significant difference was observed between the control and case groups in terms of the infant's age (P = 0.741) and gender (P = 0.564) and the mothers' age (P = 0.614), her educational attainment (P = 0.389), and socioeconomic status of the infant's family (P = 0.563). The type of delivery (P = 0.650), mothers' opinion (P = 0.133), and the interval between breastfeeding and complementary feeding (P = 0.144) had no significant relationship with the infant's growth disorder. On the other hand, duration of breastfeeding per meal (P = 0.007) and frequent breastfeeding (dependency on the mother's breast) (P = 0.049) had a significant relationship with children's developmental disorders. According to the results of the present study, growth disorders in infants in the case group could be attributed to their mothers' inappropriate breastfeeding patterns.

Analysis of Factors Related to Speech Delay in Preschool Children in Paud Mampang Prapatan District

Background: Pre-school age children should be given stimuli such as carrying out motorized activities that are trained to get stimulation for all aspects of the child's development and prevent developmental disorders in children. In essence, speaking is an aspect of a child's development that starts from birth. Speech Delay is a tendency where children have difficulty expressing desires or feelings to other people, such as not being able to speak clearly, and lack of mastery of vocabulary which makes the child different from other children his age Purpose: The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence speech delay in pre-school age children in PAUD Mampang Prapatan District Methods: The research method used is Descriptive Analysis using Chi Square test data analysis. The sampling technique will be carried out using the Non Random Sampling technique. The research instrument consisted of the KPSP questionnaire, parental knowledge, frequency of gadget use and parenting patterns. Result: The research results showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of gadget use and speech delay (p value 0.051), there was a relationship between parenting patterns and speech delay (p value 0.033) and there was a relationship between parental knowledge and speech delay (p value 0.002). Conclusion: Therefore, the participation of health workers, especially nurses, is needed in studying and analyzing the incidence of speech delay in the aggregate of preschool-aged children

Risk of Developmental Disorders in Children Born at 32 to 38 Weeks' Gestation: A Meta-Analysis.

Very preterm birth (<32 weeks) is associated with increased risk of developmental disorders. Emerging evidence suggests children born 32 to 38 weeks might also be at risk. To determine the relative risk and prevalence of being diagnosed with, or screening positive for, developmental disorders in children born moderately preterm, late preterm, and early term compared with term (≥37 weeks) or full term (39-40/41 weeks). Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing, and Allied Health Literature. Reported ≥1 developmental disorder, provided estimates for children born 32 to 38 weeks. A single reviewer extracted data; a 20% sample was second checked. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Seventy six studies were included. Compared with term born children, there was increased risk of most developmental disorders, particularly in the moderately preterm group, but also in late preterm and early term groups: the relative risk of cerebral palsy was, for 32 to 33 weeks: 14.1 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 12.3-16.0), 34 to 36 weeks: 3.52 (95% CI: 3.16-3.92) and 37 to 38 weeks: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.32-1.58). Studies assessed children at different ages using varied criteria. The majority were from economically developed countries. All were published in English. Data were variably sparse; subgroup comparisons were sometimes based on single studies. Children born moderately preterm are at increased risk of being diagnosed with or screening positive for developmental disorders compared with term born children. This association is also demonstrated in late preterm and early term groups but effect sizes are smaller.

DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS AT SEPASO HEALTH CENTER

Low birth weight (LBW) infants are a serious health issue in Indonesia. LBW is associated with high mortality rates, chronic diseases risks, and growth and developmental disorders in children. This study aims to provide an overview of LBW occurrence at Sepaso Health Center. This research employed a descriptive research design. According to Sumadi (2016), descriptive research aims to provide a description of a situation or event. A case study approach was used in this research design, where information was collected to understand a specific event or problem. The population of this study consisted of individuals with authority regarding the influence of LBW infants at Sepaso Health Center. Purposive sampling technique was utilized for sample selection. Based on the research conducted on 30 mothers with low birth weight (LBW) infants, the findings revealed that 60% of the mothers were at risk due to being below 20 years or above 35 years old, while 40% of the mothers were not at risk with ages between 20-35 years. Parity showed that 30% were nulliparous and 70% were multiparous. Maternal occupation indicated that 40% were employed and 60% were unemployed. Antenatal care (ANC) distribution showed that 40% had frequent ANC visits, while 60% had inadequate ANC visits. Maternal food consumption during pregnancy showed that 27% had good consumption, 67% had sufficient consumption, and 6% had inadequate consumption. These findings can serve as a basis for enhancing attention and care for low birth weight infants at the Sepaso Health Center. It is expected that this study can contribute to the efforts in improving the health of low birth weight infants in the region.

Long-Term Growth and Development Monitoring Of Children With Rhesus Hemolytic Disease of The Newborn

Rhesus hemolytic disease of the newborn (RHDN) occurs due to alloimmunization of maternal red blood cells. Complications of RHDN in infants can lead to hyperbilirubinemia, kernicterus, and anemia. In Indonesia, RHDN prevention has not been a common activity so it is very important for pediatricians to recognize early signs of an infant with severe anemia and severe hyperbilirubinemia, to prevent long-term mortality and morbidity. A case with longitudinal observation of long-term growth and development of a child with a history of RHDN has been reported. Throughout the monitoring carried out, the child did not experience serious problems in the medical field but showed disorders or developmental delays that did not improve over time with various therapeutic efforts. Based on a serial monitoring and treatment data that has been carried out on the child, we assumed there has been permanent brain damage caused by hyperbilirubinemia conditions accompanied by co-morbid sepsis. Brain damage is characterized by low DQ values from the beginning, progressive head circumference leads to microcephaly conditions and the presence of brain defects in the form of arachnoid cysts. The management of child development disorders with RHDN to date has not shown encouraging results. Therefore, experts have shifted their focus towards preventive measures, such as intra-uterine fetal transfusion, which has been shown to significantly decrease the occurrence of RHDN-related child development disorders over the past decade.