Development Of Strategies Research Articles

UBR7 E3 Ligase Suppresses Interferon-β Mediated Immune Signaling by Targeting Sp110 in Hepatitis B Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

A newly discovered E3 ubiquitin ligase, UBR7, plays a crucial role in histone H2BK120 monoubiquitination. Here, we report a novel function of UBR7 in promoting hepatitis B virus (HBV) pathogenesis, which further leads to HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transcriptomics analysis from HCC patients revealed the deregulation of UBR7 in cancer. Remarkably, targeting UBR7, particularly its catalytic function, led to a significant decrease in viral copy numbers. We also identified the speckled family protein Sp110 as an important substrate of UBR7. Notably, Sp110 has been previously shown to be a resident of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), where it remains SUMOylated, and during HBV infection, it undergoes deSUMOylation and exits the PML body. We observed that UBR7 ubiquitinates Sp110 at critical residues within its SAND domain. Sp110 ubiquitination downregulates genes in the type I interferon response pathway. Comparative analysis of RNA-Seq from the UBR7/Sp110 knockdown data set confirmed that the IFN-β signaling pathway gets deregulated in HCC cells in the presence of HBV. Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of patient samples further confirmed the inverse correlation between the expression of Sp110/UBR7 and the inflammation score. Notably, silencing of UBR7 induces IRF7 phosphorylation, thereby augmenting interferon (IFN)-β and the downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Further, wild-type but not the ubiquitination-defective mutant of Sp110 could be recruited to the type I interferon response pathway genes. Our study establishes a new function of UBR7 in non-histone protein ubiquitination, promoting viral persistence, and has important implications for the development of therapeutic strategies targeting HBV-induced HCC.

An empirical investigation of Bangladesh’s inflation dynamics: evaluating persistence and identifying structural breaks

We quantify two hypotheses: the “Friedman-Ball Hypothesis” and the “Cukierman-Meltzer Hypothesis,” in the context of Bangladesh. The first posits that an increase in inflation leads to greater inflation uncertainty, while the second asserts that inflation uncertainty causes an increase in inflation. Using monthly inflation data from June 1997 to July 2021, we find evidence supporting both hypotheses. Our analysis of inflation persistence and structural breaks reveals that inflation in Bangladesh exhibits high persistence throughout the entire sample period, but there is a decrease in persistence in two of the sub-samples after the breaks in March 2007 and April 2012. Moreover, Bangladesh’s inflation persistence is comparable to, and at times even lower than, that of its South and Southeast Asian neighboring countries. As policy implications of our findings, we emphasize the need for a more nuanced approach to monetary policy, including proactive interest rate management, implementation of a Medium-Term Fiscal Framework, and the development of a flexible monetary policy strategy tailored to Bangladesh’s unique economic circumstances.

Enhancing investment strategies through machine learning: A comprehensive analysis across market sectors

Abstract. This study presents a detailed exploration of the application of machine learning (ML) models to optimize investment strategies across various market sectors, including equity markets, fixed income and derivatives, and the volatile cryptocurrency markets. We evaluate three primary ML models: linear regression, decision trees, and neural networks, based on their predictive accuracy, computational efficiency, and robustness to market volatility. A rigorous process involving backtesting and cross-validation assesses each model's performance. Our framework encompasses data preprocessing, feature engineering, model implementation, and a nuanced approach to risk assessment integrating Value at Risk (VaR) and the Sharpe Ratio. We demonstrate the models' effectiveness in predicting stock prices, interest rates, and cryptocurrency price movements. The application of our ML framework led to the development of dynamic portfolio optimization strategies that significantly outperform traditional methods. This study contributes to the understanding of ML's potential to revolutionize investment strategies, providing a foundation for future research and practical applications in financial markets.

Deciphering the vectors: Unveiling the local dispersal of Litylenchus crenatae ssp. mccannii in the American beech (Fagus grandifolia) forest ecosystem.

Beech leaf disease (BLD), caused by the Litylenchus crenatae ssp. mccannii (Lcm) nematode, is an emerging threat to beech trees. This disease is characterized by distinct leaf symptoms, including leaf interveinal banding and thickened leaf texture, which leads to eventual tree mortality. Understanding Lcm dispersal mechanism(s) is crucial for managing BLD, yet these remain largely unknown, posing a major barrier to its effective management. This study represents a pioneering investigation into the abiotic and biotic vectors that potentially contribute to the local dispersal of Lcm in natural American beech (Fagus grandifolia) forest systems in the Northeastern United States. An experiment was set up in Stone Valley Forest, Pennsylvania (PA), using four funnel stands placed at variable distances from naturally BLD-infected beech trees. This approach enabled the recovery of active Lcm nematodes from each funnel, demonstrating their ability to naturally disperse at least 11.74 m from the nearest BLD-infected tree. The findings highlight the role of abiotic factors involved in the dispersal dynamics of Lcm, especially wind and humidity, as indicated by a generalized linear model. The current study also uncovered the incidental association of Lcm with other organisms beneath the canopy of BLD trees, including spiderwebs and caterpillars. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the potential vectors involved in the local dispersal of Lcm, offering valuable information for the biology of this nematode, as well as insight into the development of effective BLD management strategies. The findings contribute to broader efforts in advancing the understanding of the local spread of BLD, highlighting the complex interplay of abiotic and biotic factors in this disease dispersal.

Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells and Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells as Prognostic Indicators in Brain Metastases Derived from Gastrointestinal Cancers

Background/Objectives: Tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs) and tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) play significant roles in antitumor immunity. However, their prognostic relevance in brain metastases (BMs) derived from gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of TIBs and TRMs in GI cancer-derived BMs (GIBMs). Methods: Retrospective histopathological analyses were performed on surgically resected GIBM tissues from 13 patients. The densities of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) subsets (TIBs, CD4+ T cells, CD8+CD103+ TRMs, and CD8+CD103- non-TRMs) were quantified and correlated with clinical parameters and overall survival (OS) including the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA). Results: TIBs and CD4+ T cells were predominantly accumulated in the tumor stroma, particularly around blood vessels, where they formed lymphocyte clusters without characteristics of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). In contrast, TRMs more deeply infiltrated into the tumor epithelium than their counterpart non-TRMs. Positive correlations were found between TIB density and both the prognostic prediction of GPA and overall survival (OS) after BM diagnosis or surgery. Furthermore, increased densities of TIBs and TRMs were associated with enhanced survival after BM diagnosis. Conclusions: TIB and TRM densities in BM tissues could serve as reliable prognostic indicators for survival in patients with GIBMs. This study provides crucial insights for the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies against this lethal disease.

The Nexus of Crowdfunding and e-Wakaf to Islamic Fintech in Indonesia in the Era of Industrial Revolution 5.0

This study analyses the contribution of digitalisation in Islamic finance through the application of Islamic crowdfunding and e-wakaf instruments in supporting the development of Islamic fintech in Indonesia, especially in the era of the Industrial Revolution 5.0. Digitalisation in the Islamic finance sector plays a strategic role in expanding access to financial inclusion and facilitating more effective community involvement in sharia-based economic activities. Using the Robust Least Squares (RLS) method, this study utilises secondary data for the period 2018 to 2023 to evaluate the impact of Islamic crowdfunding and e-wakaf on the growth of Islamic fintech. The results show that Islamic crowdfunding significantly expands access to alternative funding, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), while e-wakaf improves transparency and efficiency of waqf asset management through digital technology. These two instruments simultaneously contribute positively to the strengthening of the Islamic fintech ecosystem in Indonesia, creating a strong foundation for broader and sustainable financial inclusion. The findings provide important perspectives for the development of innovative policies and strategies in advancing the Islamic financial sector in the digital era.

The impact of health literacy on health-promoting lifestyle among community residents: the chain-mediating role of family health and physical activity

BackgroundAdopting health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) is crucial for improving overall well-being and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The relationship between health literacy (HL) and HPL among Chinese community residents is complex, with potential mediating factors yet to be fully understood. Family health and physical activity (PA) may play significant roles in this relationship. This study aims to construct a chain mediation model to explore whether family health and PA mediate the effects of HL on HPL in Chinese community residents.MethodsUsing the convenient sampling method, 1,072 Chinese community residents were selected for a cross-sectional study. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire that collected demographic information, as well as data from the Health Literacy Scale Short-Form (HLS-SF12), Family Health Scale Short-Form (FHS-SF), Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II Revise (HPLP-II R). Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, with mediation analysis performed using the SPSS PROCESS macro.ResultsThere were significant pairwise correlations between HL, family health, PA, and HPL (p < 0.01). HL was directly linked to HPL (effect = 0.442; SE = 0.025; 95% CI: 0.392, 0.491). Additionally, three indirect pathways were identified: family health independently mediated 6.02% of the effect (effect = 0.032; SE = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.051), PA also independently mediated 9.02% of the effect (effect = 0.048; SE = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.030, 0.068), and a combined chain mediation through both family health and PA accounted for 1.88% of the effect (effect = 0.010; SE = 0.003; 95% CI: 0.005, 0.017).ConclusionHL not only has a direct impact on promoting HPL but also influences it indirectly through the mediating roles of family health and PA. These insights elucidate the mechanisms by which HL affects HPL, providing valuable theoretical guidance for the development and implementation of effective strategies to encourage healthy lifestyle practices.

Development of a novel strategy to reduce diagnostic errors in real-time polymerase chain reaction using probe-based techniques

Real-time PCR assays are valuable tools for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases by identifying the nucleic acid sequences of pathogens. Here, we aimed to develop a recombinant plasmid-based standard for validating the sensitivity of different molecular diagnostic methods adopting the Jonstrup assay (J assay). Chimeric plasmid DNA (cpDNA) harboring various pathogen genes and the target site of the J assay was constructed. Our findings revealed that the J assay could detect a single copy of the target gene similar to digital droplet PCR. The detection sensitivity of each established real-time PCR method for various disease diagnoses was evaluated using the cpDNA. Although most methods showed high sensitivity, similar to that of the J assay, the VHS Garver and SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic methods exhibited detection sensitivities tenfold lower than that of the J assay. To ensure accuracy of results and avoid genetic contamination from positive controls, we introduced an additional probe attachment site emitting distinct fluorescent signals within the cpDNA. Target genes and exogenous sequences within the plasmid DNA were simultaneously detected in a single assay using this unique method. Our approach will help improve the sensitivity of diagnostic methods and develop novel diagnostic methods based on molecular techniques.

The Application of PID Control in DC Motor Control Systems

Abstract. The application of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control in direct current (DC) motor control systems is essential for achieving high levels of precision and reliability in both industrial and robotic applications. As DC motors are widely utilized in environments requiring accurate speed and torque control, this study seeks to address common challenges such as overshoot, instability, and sluggish response times that can compromise performance. The research is centered on the development and implementation of a PID-based control strategy using MATLAB/Simulink as the primary tool for simulation and testing. The study involves detailed simulation models and experimental validation, using data collected from controlled lab environments to evaluate the effectiveness of various tuning methods. These methods include adjusting the proportional, integral, and derivative gains to optimize motor responsiveness and system stability. The results indicate that with appropriate tuning, PID controllers can significantly enhance DC motor performance, leading to reduced overshoot, faster response times, and greater overall system reliability. The research concludes that adaptive PID control strategies, which dynamically adjust parameters in response to changing operating conditions, provide a robust solution for improving DC motor control in complex, dynamic, and nonlinear environments. This study lays the groundwork for future innovations in automation and precision-driven industries, offering insights that could be applied across a wide range of applications.

The Mechanism of TRIM21 Inhibiting the Invasion and Migration of ccRCC by Stabilizing ASS1.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by its aggressive invasion and metastasis, presenting significant clinical challenges. Gaining insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying its progression is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Addressing a critical knowledge gap in understanding ccRCC tumorigenesis, this study aims to elucidate the expression patterns of TRIM21 in ccRCC, unravel its impact on ccRCC patient prognosis, and investigate the regulatory role of TRIM21 in ASS1 expression and urea cycle dysregulation within the context of ccRCC. The results demonstrate that TRIM21 is downregulated in ccRCC, and low expression of TRIM21 predicts an unfavorable prognosis for ccRCC patients. Furthermore, the upregulation of TRIM21 can inhibit the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells by regulating the ubiquitination modification of ASS1. This not only expands the functional role of TRIM21 in ccRCC tumorigenesis but also demonstrates its ability to reverse urea cycle dysregulation through stabilizing ASS1 expression. Specifically, abnormal downregulation of TRIM21 in ccRCC reduces K63 ubiquitination modification of ASS1, leading to decreased stability of the ASS1 protein, aggravated urea cycle dysregulation, and facilitated migration and invasion of ccRCC cells. Additionally, reduction in ASS1 reverses the depressed migration and invasion caused by overexpression of TRIM21 in ccRCC cells. In summary, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the functional role played by TRIM21 in ccRCC progression, pinpoint a unique and novel regulatory mechanism involving ectopic downregulation-mediated ASS1 ubiquitination modification and urea cycle dysfunction during ccRCC progression, and provide fresh insights for further investigation into the pathogenesis and metabolic reprogramming associated with ccRCC.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Test-Free Identification of Sarcopenia.

The diagnosis of sarcopenia relies extensively on human and equipment resources and requires individuals to personally visit medical institutions. The objective of this study was to develop a test-free, self-assessable approach to identify sarcopenia by utilizing artificial intelligence techniques and representative real-world data. This multicentre study enrolled 11 661 middle-aged and older adults from a national survey initialized in 2011. Follow-up data from the baseline cohort collected in 2013 (n = 9403) and 2015 (n = 10 356) were used for validation. Sarcopenia was retrospectively diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 framework. Baseline age, sex, height, weight and 20 functional capacity (FC)-related binary indices (activities of daily living = 6, instrumental activities of daily living = 5 and other FC indices = 9) were considered as predictors. Multiple machine learning (ML) models were trained and cross-validated using 70% of the baseline data to predict sarcopenia. The remaining 30% of the baseline data, along with two follow-up datasets (n = 9403 and n = 10 356, respectively), were used to assess model performance. The study included 5634 men and 6027 women (median age = 57.0 years). Sarcopenia was identified in 1288 (11.0%) individuals. Among the 20 FC indices, the running/jogging 1 km item showed the highest predictive value for sarcopenia (AUC [95%CI] = 0.633 [0.620-0.647]). From the various ML models assessed, a 24-variable gradient boosting classifier (GBC) model was selected. This GBC model demonstrated favourable performance in predicting sarcopenia in the holdout data (AUC [95%CI] = 0.831 [0.808-0.853], accuracy = 0.889, recall = 0.441, precision = 0.475, F1 score = 0.458, Kappa = 0.396 and Matthews correlation coefficient = 0.396). Further model validation on the temporal scale using two longitudinal datasets also demonstrated good performance (AUC [95%CI]: 0.833 [0.818-0.848] and 0.852 [0.840-0.865], respectively). The model's built-in feature importance ranking and the SHapley Additive exPlanations method revealed that lifting 5 kg and running/jogging 1 km were relatively important variables among the 20 FC items contributing to the model's predictive capacity, respectively. The calibration curve of the model indicated good agreement between predictions and actual observations (Hosmer and Lemeshow p = 0.501, 0.451 and 0.374 for the three test sets, respectively), and decision curve analysis supported its clinical usefulness. The model was implemented as an online web application and exported as a deployable binary file, allowing for flexible, individualized risk assessment. We developed an artificial intelligence model that can assist in the identification of sarcopenia, particularly in settings lacking the necessary resources for a comprehensive diagnosis. These findings offer potential for improving decision-making and facilitating the development of novel management strategies of sarcopenia.

Invasive haemodynamic assessment in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Despite the increasing prevalence and substantial burden of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which constitutes up to 50% of all heart failure cases, significant challenges persist in its diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. These difficulties arise primarily from the heterogeneous nature of the condition, the presence of various comorbidities and a wide range of phenotypic variations. Considering these challenges, current international guidelines endorse the utilization of invasive haemodynamic assessments, including resting and exercise haemodynamics, as the gold standard for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in cases where traditional diagnostic methods yield inconclusive results. These assessments are crucial not only for confirming the diagnosis but also for delineating the complex underlying pathophysiology, enabling the development of personalized treatment strategies, and facilitating the precise classification of HFpEF phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the haemodynamic changes observed in patients with HFpEF, comparing resting and exercise-induced parameters to those of normal subjects. Additionally, we discuss the current role of invasive haemodynamics in HFpEF assessment and highlight its utility beyond diagnosis, such as identifying HFpEF comorbidities, guiding phenotype-based personalized therapies and characterizing prognostication. Finally, we address the challenges associated with utilizing invasive haemodynamics and propose future directions, focusing on integrating these assessments into routine HFpEF care.

Ransomware HR: Human Resources Practices and Organizational Support in the Conti Ransomware Group

ABSTRACT Ransomware is widely regarded as one of the most economically damaging cybercrimes. Existing criminological research has focused largely on the structure, routines, and activities of ransomware groups, or traced financial transactions to advance understanding of their associated harms. This paper explores how the Conti ransomware group employed human resources (HR) practices and other organizational supports to recruit, retain, and motivate its employees. Data is drawn from a leaked dataset containing tens of thousands of messages between employees and affiliates of Conti. We analyze this dataset through the lens of organizational support theory (OST), one of the most influential theories in the field of organization and management psychology. Our analysis shows that Conti employed a variety of HR practices to improve worker satisfaction and commitment, many of which are supported by OST research. By better understanding these practices, we aim to provide a novel, theoretically informed perspective through which the operations of ransomware groups can be better understood. The paper concludes with a discussion of how this knowledge can be used to inform the development of law enforcement strategies intended to disrupt ransomware groups.

Increasing the Wear Resistance of the Impellers of Electrical Centrifugal Submersible Pumps Through Repair

Objective: This research investigates the challenges of maintaining electrical submersible pumps (ESP) and develop effective repair techniques to enhance their reliability and efficiency. Theoretical Framework: The research draws upon theories and models related to pump maintenance, materials science, and corrosion prevention. Methodology: A case study approach was adopted, focusing on a Weir VTP submersible pump in continuous operation for 15 years. The pump's condition was assessed, and the root causes of erosion and corrosion were identified. Laser cladding with a TiC coating was applied to the damaged areas. Results and Discussion: The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the pump's wear resistance and overall efficiency following the laser cladding treatment. The TiC coating effectively mitigated the effects of erosion and corrosion, extending the pump's lifespan and reducing maintenance costs. Research Implications: The findings of this research contribute to the development of more effective maintenance strategies for submersible centrifugal pumps. The use of laser cladding with TiC coatings can be applied to other types of pumps and machinery operating in harsh environments. This research also highlights the importance of regular inspections and preventive maintenance. Originality/Value: This study provides a practical solution to the problem of erosion and corrosion in submersible centrifugal pumps. The application of laser cladding with a TiC coating is a relatively novel approach, offering a more effective repair method compared to traditional techniques. The results can be applied to improve the reliability and efficiency of pumps in various industries.

From Regulation to Application: The Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed and Fruit Development and Agronomic Production Strategies

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial plant hormone that plays a decisive role in regulating seed and fruit development and is becoming increasingly important in agricultural applications. This article delves into ABA’s regulatory functions in plant growth, particularly during the stages of seed and fruit development. In the seed phase, elevated ABA levels help maintain seed dormancy, aiding seed survival under unfavorable conditions. During fruit development, ABA regulates pigment synthesis and sugar accumulation, influencing the nutritional value and market quality of the fruit. This article highlights three main strategies for applying ABA in agricultural production: the use of ABA analogs, the development of ABA signal modulators, and breeding techniques based on ABA signaling. ABA analogs can mimic the natural functions of ABA, while ABA signal modulators, including enhancers and inhibitors, are used to finely tune plant responses to ABA, optimizing crop performance under specific growth conditions. Furthermore, breeding strategies based on ABA signaling aim to select crop varieties that effectively utilize ABA pathways through genetic engineering and other technologies. ABA is not only a key regulator of plant growth and development but also holds great potential for modern agricultural practices.

Teachers' Perceptions of Integrating ChatGPT in Nepalese Classrooms

This article explores teachers' perceptions of integrating ChatGPT in Nepalese classrooms. Using a qualitative research design, the study examines the viewpoints and experiences of teacher participants to gain an understanding of context, meanings, and subjective perspectives using ChatGPT. In-depth interviews were conducted with five teacher educators and five school teachers, capturing insights from both university and school classroom environments. Purposive sampling ensured the deliberate selection of participants from the Faculty of Education, Tribhuvan University and schools in the Kirtipur municipality. The data analysis involves transcription, translation, coding, decoding, and the creation of themes, sub-themes, and categories, enabling an exploration of the study's issues. The study found that teachers perceive ChatGPT as a useful tool for deepening classroom instruction, particularly in providing personalized learning experiences. However, concerns were raised regarding the potential over-reliance on the technology, emphasizing the need for proper training and guidelines to ensure its effective integration in Nepalese educational settings. This study contributes valuable insights for educators and teachers interested in integrating ChatGPT into educational settings, with the ultimate goal of informing the development of strategies for the effective use of this technology in Nepalese classrooms.

Lacustrine Wetlands Landscape Simulation and Multi-Scenario Prediction Based on the Patch-Generating Land-Use Simulation Model: A Case Study on Shengjin Lake Reserve, China

Landscape simulation and prediction are crucial for understanding the dynamic evolution and future trends of wetlands. However, only a few existing studies have focused on the applicability and limitations of commonly used land-use/cover change (LUCC) simulation models in lake wetland landscapes. Taking Shengjin Lake Reserve in China as the study area, we firstly analyzed landscape variations during 2010–2020 using multisource remote sensing images. Then, the patch-generating land-use simulation (PLUS) model was employed to simulate wetland landscapes in 2020, the accuracy and limitation of which in simulating lacustrine wetlands were also explored. Lastly, the changing trends of wetland landscapes in 2030 under different development scenarios were predicted. The results show that the landscape of Shengjin Lake Reserve has changed significantly during 2010–2020, with increases in mudflats, reservoirs/ponds, woodlands, and built-up land, and there has been decreases in lakes, grass beaches, and croplands. The PLUS model demonstrated an ideal simulation accuracy for Shengjin Lake Reserve, with the overall accuracy exceeding 80%, kappa coefficient greater than 0.75, and figure of merit (FOM) coefficient of 0.35, indicating that the model can capture the dynamic changes in wetland landscapes accurately. The simulation accuracy can be effectively improved with the adjacent initial year, shorter time interval, and the primary driver factors. Under the natural development scenario, the number of patches in the Shengjin Lake Reserve increased sharply, and landscape fragmentation intensified. Under the urban development scenario, the expansion of built-up land increased, and the average patch area increased. In the ecological protection scenario, the Shannon diversity index and Shannon evenness index of the landscape improved significantly, and the natural wetlands such as grass beaches and lakes can be protected effectively. Our study confirms the applicability of the PLUS model in simulating and predicting lacustrine wetlands landscapes, and the conclusions provide a scientific basis for formulating reasonable development strategies to realize wetland resource conservation and management.

Involvement of Academic Staff in the Practice of Professional Development

The article explores the level of involvement of scientific and pedagogical professionals in various social activities for professional development compared to other employee groups. It argues that obtaining additional professional training can be a valuable tool for career growth. The author sees professional development as an integral part of academic growth for scientific and educational workers, along with personal and career development. The findings are based on a combination of theoretical and empirical research conducted by domestic and international scholars, as well as official statistical data and the results of an original sociological study. The study involved a questionnaire survey of scientific and educational professionals (n = 223), as well as other employee groups (n = 833), in the Tyumen and Sverdlovsk regions. As a result, it was found that scientific and pedagogical workers are more likely to engage in professional development activities compared to other categories of the employed population. Continuing professional education programs appear to be the most common form of professional growth. Due to their specialized activities, academic staff tend to develop digital skills more often, while other groups develop personal skills to a greater degree. Based on the level of involvement in professional development, we identified five groups of respondents: “active and engaged”, “achieving the desired level or feeling disappointed”, “questioning or confused”, “recognizing the importance of professional development”, and “rejecting professional development”. The theoretical and empirical findings led to the development of potential strategies to enhance the engagement of scientific and educational professionals in ongoing skill development and acquisition of new competencies. This article is aimed at university management responsible for professional development of academic staff. The findings presented here may have practical implications for the development of personnel strategies at universities with the goal of increasing human capital and professional competence among academic staff, as well as motivating them to engage in continuous learning. The results of this study could be beneficial for participants in the academic community, as well as for specialists involved in developing educational programs and planning the future of universities strategically. The material presented in this paper is relevant not only for academic staff, but also for graduate students who are focused on their continuous professional growth within the academic sector.

Sunwoda's Financial Analysis Based on The Harvard Analytical Framework

In order to comply with the strategy of sustainable development, China hopes to further accelerate the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry and supporting industries. Power battery is the core component of new energy vehicles, and the selection of sunwoda in the battery industry for financial analysis can provide a useful reference for the same type of enterprises.This paper selects sunwoda as an analysis case, applies the Harvard analytical framework to sunwoda's financial analysis, and conducts in-depth discussion and analysis of sunwoda's financial status and existing problems. The analysis found that sunwoda is currently in the growth period,adopting a growth-oriented development strategy to gradually expand the scale of the enterprise, with many projects underconstruction and rapid growth in scale. However, behind the seemingly perfect financial data, there are problems such as low profitability, intensified market competition,and insufficient future development capabilities.In view of these problems,corresponding improvement suggestions are put forward,hoping to help the development of sunwoda.

Abnormally activated wingless/integrated signaling modulates tumor-associated macrophage polarization and potentially promotes hepatocarcinoma cell growth.

In this article, we comment on the article by Huang et al. The urgent development of new therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization is critical in the fight against liver cancer. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), primarily of the M2 subtype, are instrumental in cellular communication within the tumor microenvironment and are influenced by various signaling pathways, including the wingless/integrated (Wnt) pathway. Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is pivotal in promoting M2 TAMs polarization, which in turn can exacerbate hepatocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration. This manuscript emphasizes the burgeoning significance of the Wnt signaling pathway and M2 TAMs polarization in the pathogenesis and progression of liver cancer, highlighting the potential therapeutic benefits of inhibiting the Wnt pathway. Lastly, we point out areas in Huang et al's study that require further research, providing guidance and new directions for similar studies.