System Development Strategy Research Articles

Analysis of Circular Development and Investment Possibilities (Transport, Energy and Building) Related to International Sports Event Planning

Abstract This study investigates the possibilities of various development areas (transport, energy, building) to make the cost-efficient realisation of high-profile investments, and organising and holding international sports events possible. Using a case study, the paper introduces development routes based on the evaluation of environmental and economic perspectives. The current research introduces the investment characteristics based on the development of the Hungarian building, energy and transport sectors for the 2017-2030 period. The main criterion is the integration of ‘circular economy’. For sectors which operate with high material and energy consumption, the consideration of circular economy principles may prove to be important for sustainable development. Through planning highvolume sports and worldwide events, the usual development strategy for traffic systems focuses on public transport and rentable vehicles (f. e. electric scooter, or bicycle) which can decrease CO2 emissions via modern technological solutions. Regarding the buildings, sports arenas and related facilities, besides the existing low-carbon solutions, the functions of buildings must be expanded and their usage prolonged. The management of waste left after the life cycle is expended has to be pre-planned. These are the options for making the sector’s GHG emissions decrease apart from circular tenders, which can be further combined with SMART energetic solutions.

Multi-stage Stochastic Optimisation of a CO2 Transport and Geological Storage in the UK

Deterministic whole system multi-stage optimisation frameworks provide valuable insights into the cost effective design and operation of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) systems. However commercial deployment of CCS faces significant technical and economic uncertainties, which necessitate flexibility in system development strategies as well as coordination of all aspects of a CCS system across both time and space. This paper builds on a whole system dynamic CCS optimisation tool developed at Imperial College and presents a mixed integer linear programming approach for multi-stage multi-scenario stochastic optimisation of a spatially explicit integrated CCS system under uncertainty. The model provides great advantages through flexible strategies for all potential system state changes at every stage and early one-fit-for-all investment solutions that minimise financial loss and offer operational flexibility. The model is showcased through a case study set in the UK between 2015-2050 focusing on the techno-economic performance of the CCS value chain and considering uncertainties in the financial market and the storage capacity within a portfolio of Southern North Sea saline aquifer and depleted oil and gas fields.

Fault-tolerant digital systems development using triple modular redundancy

The paper presents a fault-tolerant digital system design and development strategy for high reliability hardware architectures implementation. Starting from the general consideration that digital hardware systems play a key role in a large scale of control systems implementation, a triple modular redundancy (TMR) solution it is proposed for development. For this reason, the well-known 1 bit majority voter configuration has been extended and generalized to the full control bus of a digital control system. Computer simulations show that the proposed hardware solution fulfills in all the theoretical expectations and it can be used for experimental tests and implementation. The presented design solution and conclusions are well suited to generalization for a wide range of fault-tolerant digital systems development ranging from reliable and safety servo control applications up to high reliability parallel and distributed computing hardware architectures.

Analysis and Design of Safety-critical, Cyber-Physical Systems

The list of applications classified as safety critical is growing due to emerging contexts such as the Internet of Things that touch the everyday activities of millions of people through smart devices like home automation systems and connected vehicles. These consumer products require high reliability but must be priced competitively. Traditional system development strategies are costly, in part, because traditional verification activities find only a small percentage of defects early in a project and because when discovered late in the development life cycle their repair requires changes to dependent code as well. Our development approach leverages early system architecture knowledge to jump start an architecture-centric development strategy that iteratively establishes traceability among the requirements, architecture, and verification artifacts. A virtual integration strategy makes the current state of the system under development available for analysis early in the product development life cycle. The approach is implemented using the Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) embodied in the Open Source AADL Tool Environment (OSATE). The Architecture-Led Incremental System Assurance (ALISA) toolkit, the latest contribution of our team at the Software Engineering Institute, builds on AADL to provide the constructs and tools for an engineer to specify the integrated system, and to define verification activities that ensure satisfaction of the specification. The results from using the languages and techniques in pilot projects have shown very large cost and time savings, important to holding down costs for consumer-level Internet of Things systems. In this paper we focus on the architecture-led development process and illustrate the support given by ALISA.

Performance measurement system and strategies for developing low-carbon logistics: A case study in China

With increasing global warming and environmental degradation, green and low-carbon development mode has being more and more widely accepted in the world. The lack of performance measure system (PMS) and unknown development strategies in the low-carbon context hinder the development low-carbon logistics in China. Motivated by this, our research investigates some important issues in developing low-carbon logistics. Based on the triple bottom line framework, a general PMS with 42 indicators from 12 dimensions is developed for evaluating the low-carbon logistics by using the method of multiple-case study and literature analysis. Eight representative and leading logistics enterprises from different logistics sub-sectors in the western China are selected as case enterprises. The barriers and strategies for developing low-carbon logistics are then identified based on 6 propositions. The barriers include the lack of low-carbon awareness, the inconsistency and incompleteness in policies and regulations, the scarcity of qualified logistics professionals, the unreasonable infrastructure and facilities, the low efficiency in logistics operations management, and the disordered transport modes. Effective coping strategies are proposed to deal with these barriers from the 6 perspectives based on the case study. We argue that if these strategies can be implemented well, low-carbon logistics can be developed well in China.

A multi-criteria model analysis framework for assessing integrated water-energy system transformation pathways

Sustainable development objectives surrounding water and energy are interdependent, and yet the associated performance metrics are often distinct. Regional planners tasked with designing future supply systems therefore require multi-criteria analysis methods and tools to determine a suitable combination of technologies and scale of investments. Previous research focused on optimizing system development strategy with respect to a single design objective, leading to potentially negative outcomes for other important sustainability metrics. This paper addresses this limitation, and presents a flexible multi-criteria model analysis framework that is applicable to long-term energy and water supply planning at national or regional scales in an interactive setup with decision-makers. The framework incorporates a linear systems-engineering model of the coupled supply technologies and inter-provincial transmission networks. The multi-criteria analysis approach enables the specification of diverse decision-making preferences for disparate criteria, and leads to quantitative understanding of trade-offs between the resulting criteria values of the corresponding Pareto-optimal solutions. A case study of the water-stressed nation of Saudi Arabia explores preferences combining aspiration and reservation levels in terms of cost, water sustainability and electricity sector CO2 emissions. The analysis reveals a suite of trade-off solutions, in which potential integrated water-energy system configurations remain relatively ambitious from both an economic and environmental perspective. The results highlight the importance of identifying suitable tradeoffs between water and energy sustainability objectives during the formulation of coupled transformation strategies.

Estimation of European Union residential sector space cooling potential

Data on European residential space cooling demands are scarce and often of poor quality. This can be concluded from a review of the Comprehensive Assessments on the energy efficiency potential in the heating and cooling sector performed by European Union Member States under Art. 14 of the Energy Efficiency Directive. This article estimates the potential space cooling demands in the residential sector of the EU and the resulting impact on electricity generation and supply systems using the United States as a proxy. A georeferenced approach was used to establish the potential residential space cooling demand in NUTS-3 regions of EU. The total potential space cooling demand of the EU was estimated to be 292TWh for the residential sector in an average year. The additional electrical capacity needed was estimated to 79GW. With proper energy system development strategies, e.g. matching capacity of solar PV with cooling demand, or introduction of district cooling, the stresses on electricity system from increasing cooling demand can be mitigated. The estimated potential of space cooling demand, identified in this paper for all EU Members States, could be used while preparing the next iteration of EU MS Comprehensive Assessments or other energy related studies.

A Smart Wearable Sensor System for Counter-Fighting Overweight in Teenagers.

PEGASO is a FP7-funded project whose goal is to develop an ICT and mobile-based platform together with an appropriate strategy to tackle the diffusion of obesity and other lifestyle-related illnesses among teenagers. Indeed, the design of an engaging strategy, leveraging a complementary set of technologies, is the approach proposed by the project to promote the adoption of healthy habits such as active lifestyle and balanced nutrition and to effectively counter-fight the emergence of overweight and obesity in the younger population. A technological key element of such a strategy sees the adoption of wearable sensors to monitor teenagers’ activities, which is at the basis of developing awareness about the current lifestyle. This paper describes the experience carried out in the framework of the PEGASO project in developing and evaluating wearable monitoring systems addressed to adolescents. The paper describes the methodological approach based on the co-designing of such a wearable system and the main results that, in the first phase, involved a total of 407 adolescents across Europe in a series of focus groups conducted in three countries for the requirements definition phase. Moreover, it describes an evaluation process of signal reliability during the usage of the wearable system. The main results described here are: (a) a prototype of the standardized experimental protocol that has been developed and applied to test signal reliability in smart garments; (b) the requirements definition methodology through a co-design activity and approach to address user requirements and preferences and not only technological specifications. Such co-design approach is able to support a higher system acceptance and usability together with a sustained adoption of the solution with respect to the traditional technology push system development strategy.

The New Port Autority of the “Lower Thyrrenian”: An Opportunity for the Strait of Messina Metropolitan Area

The article starts from the “National Strategic Plan of the Harbours and Logistics”, approved by the Italian Government in July 2015, setting out the development strategies of the Italian port system and providing, among the other things, the redesign of the governance of the Italian port system. The old existing 24 Port authorities are replaced by 15 Authorities of port- system, in which different ports are combined in order to create an efficient port system able to compete and succeed in the overall system of commercial traffic in the Mediterranean Sea.Within this framework, the creation of a new Authority is provided, which incorporates the former Calabrian Port System with the old Port Authority of Messina. In this way we are going to create a large port system, centred on the area of the Messina Strait, comprising 10 ports, including the transhipment port of Gioia Tauro, which represents the core of the entire port system, and the port of Messina, the most important passenger port in Italy and one of the most important as regards the cruise sector. The article analyses the development perspectives that this system can offer with regard to two important aspects:the realization of the project -already imagined in the late’60s- for an Integrated Metropolitan Area of the Strait, including the two metropolitan cities of Messina and Reggio Calabria;the transformation of the port of Gioia Tauro, from an exclusively transhipment port into an Intermodal Logistics Pole, which will be the central strategic hub of a large logistics platform of the Strait Area, whose implementation should be a great opportunity for the development of the entire Mezzogiorno.

Inclusion and Inclusive Education: Interpretation Conflict

Background/Objectives: The study is dedicated to critical consideration of the inclusion strategy and the inclusive education system in relation to the process of ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by Russia. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The theory of functional analysis of R. Merton was used as a principal methodological basis. Official statistical data from the Internet were used as the information sources. Analytical procedures to study the purchasing powers of disabled persons in different historical periods were carried out employing the method of comparative analysis. Findings: In view of the common effort to improve the efficiency of educating persons with disabilities, the suggestions of the authors are as follows: a) inclusion should be considered as a process of including the non-typical social groups and subjects into the typical community on the conditions that rule out any kind of discrimination; b) inclusive social strategy should be built on principles declared in article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; c) inclusive strategy in education, common for the entire educational system, should be developed; d) inclusive higher educational institutions should be specialized by categories, based on the availability of infrastructural, social-structural and social-cultural conditions for educating a particular category of persons with disabilities. Applications/Improvements: The results and recommendations can be applied in the Russian education system development strategies and are of significant interest to Russian scientific and educational thought.

Conceptualization and Examination of Success Factors in the Banking System

Abstract Banking competition has intensified in recent years, largely due to globalization, technological process and economic instability. The banking system in this context is supplied with considerable challenges, with customers’ characteristics, needs and desires consistent with the current environment (globalization, technological change and economic crisis). It is necessary to identify those features that contribute to the development of competitive advantage. In this sense, this paper shows the results of the analysis of success factors in the banking system. To obtain the results the following methods were used: in-depth questionnaire (for experts), questionnaire (for customers), observation of public information and experimentation by numerous visits conducted. These actions are taken in order to discover and define the characteristics of organizational behavior and clients. The results consist of capitalization and conceptualizing a framework for the features that will underpin the development strategies of the banking system in times of economic instability.

A COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM FOR DESIGNING OPTIMAL TREE-LINING IN PLANTING AREAS

A computerized system for the selection of planting lining directions is to optimize tree planting areas. Therefore, this paper focuses on some issues of lining and the development strategies of system. Lining direction handle 60 0 from the baseline is a common practice; however various areas coordinates, analyzing other lining directions (1 0 – 90 0 ) may promote better the number of trees. The highest tree number by optimal lining direction indicates the area is fully utilized. However, to analyze all possible directions, by manual approach consume large time and effort leads to unanswered decision of optimal result determination. Thus an application named Tree-Lining Planning by Computerized System (LP-CS) does offer opportunities to determine tree numbers for the directions. The datasets by various coordinates represents areas were generated for the purposes of analysis. The generated results show that different lining angles promote better number of trees than 60 0 lining direction. This indicates other directions might have tendency to be best lining direction because of variations in the area’s coordinates.

Теоретические принципы разработки стратегии развития национальной логистической системы

Theoretical basis for the Russian national logistics system (NLS) development strategy have been exposed in this paper. An area, methodological principles and approaches, use of which will provide the most adequate solution to this problem, have been defined. Ways for theoretical justification of this approach have been proposed, key definitions have been defined. It has been proved, that it is necessary to use a methodological basis for consideration of the logistics system as a complex system in development, where such development is determined by many factors, both external and internal origin, as well as by interdependence of such system’s structural elements and functions. It has been shown, that this approach cannot be implemented without a clear understanding of difficulties related to such systems managing, the more so this managing should be realized in accordance with a strict plan, which considers all details and private aspects.

------------ (Synchronous Labour Streams System Development Strategy Selection of the Regional Industrial Complex)

Russian Abstract: В статье предлагается инструмент выбора стратегии синхронного развития системы трудовых потоков: целевые критерии (динамизм внешней среды, тип развития социально-трудового потока промышленного комплекса, потенциал потока человеческих ресурсов региона); номограмма выбора стратегии. Дан расчет целевых критериев, приведен результат реализации превентивной стратегии развития с применением сети, построенной в среде NeroShell2 и GeneHanter.English Abstract: In the article the instrument of synchronous labor streams system development strategy selection is offered. Special criteria (environment dynamism, socio-labor stream development type of the industrial complex, human resources stream potential of the region), the strategy selection nomogram are disclosed. A special criteria calculation is given; the result of realization of worked out strategy with the application of the network constructed in the NeroShell2 and GeneHanter environment is presented.

Value Chain Model Development of Tuna and Tuna Alike In Indonesia

Sustainability of tuna and tuna alike fisheries depend on chain value system formed by stakeholders ranging from product fishing, processing/diversification, distribution, and marketing. The objective of this research was to create chain value system model of tuna and tuna alike fisheries, to predict the interaction pattern of stakeholders and to formulate the precise strategy to minimize the synergy resistance of chain value system development strategy of tuna and tuna alike fisheries. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to analyze the chain value model. The stakeholders/the players of tuna and tuna alike fisheries basically have positive interaction (CE>0).The negative interaction occured on retailers and consumers. Interaction of retailers with consumers is significant (p<0.05) 0.01. Interaction pattern of fishermen, retailers, collectors, and exporters affected significantlly by pricing and the level of role played by the stakeholders. The strategy to minimize the sinergy resistance of chain value system development are respectivelly the strategy of involving the group of fishermen on products pricing (CE= 1,176 and P= 0,000), the strategy of involving the seller groups on products pricing (CE-PE=1,08, CE-PB= 0,766, CE EKS= 2,028 AND P= 0,000), and the strategy on guaranteeing flexible interaction between retailer and consumers (CE= 0,179 and p = 0,01).<br />Keywords: tuna and tuna alike, interaction, tuna and tuna alike stakeholders, and value chain

A strategy for developing a launch vehicle system for orbit insertion: Methodological aspects

The article addresses methodological aspects of a development strategy to design a launch vehicle system for orbit insertion. The development and implementation of the strategy are broadly outlined. An analysis is provided of the criterial base and input data needed to define the main requirements for the launch vehicle system. Approaches are suggested for solving individual problems in working out the launch vehicle system development strategy.

Strategi Perencanaan Pengembangan Sistem Sap pada Human Capital and Legal di Institusi Pendidikan Xyz

The increasing complexity of processes and operational functions cause arises the need for an integrated information system across all functional areas to reach the highest point of effectiveness and efficiency, and relying on the information in making decisions, ie ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). The objective of writing this journal is to analyze and determine a SAP system development strategy planning at Human Capital and Legal of Education Institution XYZ. In collecting data, the author collected the datas by making an interview with the sources, data observation, and SAP system exploration. Current architecture datas that were collected and anylized to design the planning strategy in developing system architecture. The conclusion of this journal writing is that planning with some methodologies could maximize the using of IS or IT in an organization and can achieve its goals.

모바일 증권거래 시스템에 대한 사용자의 지속적 이용의도와 서비스 품질 측정요소

Wireless and mobile communication technologies enable individuals who trade stocks and bonds to use mobile-based trading services. Due to rapidly developing mobile technologies and adoption of the advanced/smart mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets, the use of mobile trading systems (MTS) have increased at an unexpected rate. Although many prior studies measured service quality on various service-related fields, there are few studies that is related to mobile trading systems compared to more traditional PC-based home trading systems. This research searches determinants of service quality for mobile trading systems and examines the effects of these factors on the intention to mobile trading systems' continuous use. Through an extensive literature review, this research finds three dimensions for mobile trading systems : interaction quality, service environment quality, and service outcome quality. The result of analysis shows that personalization, connectivity, ease of use, informativeness, and monetary value enhance the intention to continuous use. Considering environmental conditions such as the high rate of MTS adoption among individual users and stiffer competition among securities firms, these findings may help practically securities firms' shaping MTS system development strategies for individual users' continuous use and for increasing new users adoption.

Copula-application to modelling Russian banking system capital adequacy according to Basel II IRB-approach

According to the strategy of the banking system development until 2015, the Central Bank of Russia is going to implement Basel II Internal-Ratings-Based (IRB) approaches in 2015, while Basel III is planned to be introduced in full starting from 2019. Taking into account the effects of the Basel II regulation during the crisis 2008-2009, in particular, the excessive procyclicality of the capital requirements, it is important to investigate the consequences of its adoption for the stability of the banking system in Russia. The aim of this paper is to model the Russian banking system capital adequacy under the Basel II IRB approach. The main hypothesis tested refers to the existence of the procyclicality effect of the capital adequacy for the whole banking system as if Basel II has been introduced. The research is based on publicly available quarterly financial statements of all the Russian banks for the period 2004Q1-2010Q1. Copulas are used to model joint banking risk distribution. The methodology consists of three steps. First of all, the copula structural shift for the joint risk distribution for the Russian banking system is assessed in order to examine the dynamics of the individual risks' dependence and analyze the change in the level of the banking system stability. Secondly, risk-weighted assets are modelled using copula. Finally, the Value-at-Risk approach is employed to arrive at the capital adequacy ratio for the Russian banking system. The analysis of the copula structural shift shows the downward change in the risks' interconnection starting from the third quarter of 2005 being associated with the increased stability of the banking system. The Basel II capital adequacy ratio fell to the minimum of 4% during the period 2009-2010, while the Basel I capital adequacy ratio was well above 15%. However, the hypothesis of the procyclical nature of Basel II is rejected. The research undertaken highlights the necessity for further investigation and calibration of the models proposed in Basel II and Basel III. Moreover, it is important to work out the appropriate policy options with respect to banks bearing high risks under Basel II.

An empirical study on clone stability

Code cloning is a controversial software engineering practice due to contradictory claims regarding its effect on software maintenance. Code stability is a recently introduced measurement technique that has been used to determine the impact of code cloning by quantifying the changeability of a code region. Although most existing stability analysis studies agree that cloned code is more stable than non-cloned code, the studies have two major flaws: (i) each study only considered a single stability measurement (e.g., lines of code changed, frequency of change, age of change); and, (ii) only a small number of subject systems were analyzed and these were of limited variety. In this paper, we present a comprehensive empirical study on code stability using four different stability measuring methods. We use a recently introduced hybrid clone detection tool, NiCAD, to detect the clones and analyze their stability in different dimensions: by clone type, by measuring method, by programming language, and by system size and age. Our in-depth investigation on 12 diverse subject systems written in three programming languages considering three types of clones reveals that: (i) cloned code is generally less stable than non-cloned code, and more specifically both Type-1 and Type-2 clones show higher instability than Type-3 clones; (ii) clones in both Java and C systems exhibit higher instability compared to the clones in C# systems; (iii) a system's development strategy might play a key role in defining its comparative code stability scenario; and, (iv) cloned and non-cloned regions of a subject system do not follow any consistent change pattern.