Development Of Transport System Research Articles

Driving into the future: a cross-cutting analysis of distributed artificial intelligence, CCAM and the platform economy

The future of driving is autonomous. It requires a comprehensive stack of embedded software components, enabled by open-source and proprietary platforms at different abstraction layers, and then operating within a larger ecosystem. Autonomous driving demands connectivity, cooperation and automation to form the cornerstone of autonomous mobility solutions. Platform economy principles have revolutionized the way we produce, deliver and consume products and services worldwide. More and more businesses in the field of mobility and transport appear to implement transaction, innovation, and integration platforms as core enablers for Mobility-as-a-Service and transport applications. Artificial intelligence approaches, especially those dealing with distributed systems, enable new mobility solutions, such as autonomous driving. This paper contributes to understanding the intertwining role between distributed artificial intelligence, autonomous mobility and the resulting platform ecosystem. A systematic literature review is applied, in order to identify the intersection between those aspects. Furthermore, the research project BeIntelli is considered as a hands-on application of our findings. Taking into account our analysis and the aforementioned research project, we pose a blueprint architecture for autonomous mobility. This architecture is the subject of further research. Our conclusions facilitate the development and implementation of future urban transportation systems and resulting mobility ecosystems in practice.

Innovative design of the regional transport system: Intellectualization and energy efficiency

The paper studies domestic and world trends of innovative development of transport system, the supporting structure of which is indicative planning, implemented by the Russian state, which, anticipating the future, stimulates the process of development of intelligent transport system (ITS), and integration of its elements at all levels of the organized business and management environment. The Russian Federation has a strong transit potential, due to which it acts as a fundamental transport and logistics center of attraction for the countries of the Eurasian continent which occupies forty percent of the land area and has a population of about five and a half billion people. The development of intelligent transport system of Russia, based on innovative technologies of transport processes and technologies of digital economy, play an important role in increasing the competitiveness of the transport complex of the country as a whole, the domestic economy has a significant impact on the expansion and deepening of mutually beneficial economic cooperation with the countries of the world. Moscow and Tatarstan have created the most complete set of modern institutions, tools and mechanisms for providing services, technical equipment and solving emerging problems of ITS. On the territory of Kaluga region an automotive cluster with three technology parks is actively developing. In addition, the following clusters are being improved: IT, composite, scientific and educational, nuclear, and tourism clusters. However, the priority of development is given to the transport and logistics cluster of the region, in which such directions of activity dominate as the improvement of railways and highways, as well as the road network as a whole, based on the development and implementation in the region of intelligent transport and telecommunication systems. The research presents basic, conceptual provisions of the perspective projection of the development of the international intelligent transport system in Russia on the example of Kaluga region.

УСТОЙЧИВОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ГОРОДСКИХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ: ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКО-КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ И ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКО-ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫХ ФАКТОРОВ

The article discusses issues of ensuring sustainable development of urban transport systems. As part of the country’s transport system, urban transport systems create conditions to meet the transport needs of the population. The results obtained in the study indicate that both the demographic and spatial characteristics of cities and the geographic and climatic conditions of their location have an important influence on the sustainable development of urban transport systems.

Problems and prospects for the development of transport systems in Yakutia

The article examines the characteristics of transport systems in Yakutia. The main properties and features of the transport and related infrastructure are highlighted. Key problems and prospects for further development of transport systems are analyzed. The author concludes that there is a need to solve existing transport problems gradually. At the same time, there are specific directions and prospects for further transformation and development of transport in the region. There are a number of program and regulatory documents that formulate goals and objectives related to the modernization of transport, the formation of new transport and related infrastructure. However, the development of transport in the region is quite expensive. The implementation dates of many projects are constantly postponed.

Управління бізнесом під час війни

The interaction between business and hostilities represents a complex dynamic, as both of these aspects have a huge impact on each other. When discussing this connection, one should consider not only the challenges, but also the opportunities it opens up for businesses in the face of instability and conflicts. The high level of discordance and geopolitical turbulence creates special conditions for strategic thinking and adaptability of business leaders. Hostilities cause economic instability, reduced production, destruction of infrastructure and loss of jobs, which leads to losses for local enterprises and causes great risks for investors who have to invest in countries with ongoing military conflicts, due to the instability of government structures and doubts about the economic recovery after the end of the certain conflict. The conditions of military conflict require a high level of attention from business organizations to ensure the safety and security of their employees, since this category of assets is one of the most important for the sustainability of the enterprise. Simultaneously, the protection of property assets is of great importance, as enterprises must minimize the possible risks of destruction or damage in the conditions of hostilities. In addition, effective risk management requires the enterprise to develop and implement strategies to adapt to the changing geopolitical environment, which allows it to maintain stability and efficiency of operation during adverse conditions. It is important to note that competent risk management is a crucial factor for maintaining business activity and the successful functioning of the enterprise even in the most complex scenarios of a conflict environment. War, as a complex phenomenon, creates not only challenges but also opportunities for business, especially in the context of certain industries and scenarios. For example, it stimulates the demand for products and services related to the defense industry, which contributes to the development of technology, weapons production, transport and communication systems. Post-conflict recovery markets open up new opportunities for companies in the fields of construction, reconstruction and infrastructure solutions. Thus, military conflicts, although they pose significant challenges to society and the economy, at the same time provide opportunities for the development of new technologies, markets and management strategies that require comprehensive analysis and response on the part of business and politics.

АНАЛИЗ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ: ЭТАПЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ И ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ

This article outlines the main features of the development of intelligent transportation systems (hereinafter ITS), as well as the basic regulatory and legal acts in the field of ITS.The main purpose of this article is to conduct an analysis in the context of ITS development and further application in the transport complex of Russia, the study identifies the key existing approaches in the field of ITS structuring, which are the key indicators (criteria) of qualitative and effective development of all spheres of the economy, both at the level of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union.The methodological basis of this study is analysis, inductive analysis, and synthesis.

Parallel Driving with Big Models and Foundation Intelligence in Cyber-Physical-Social Spaces.

Recent years have witnessed numerous technical breakthroughs in connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). On the one hand, these breakthroughs have significantly advanced the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs); on the other hand, these new traffic participants introduce more complex and uncertain elements to ITSs from the social space. Digital twins (DTs) provide real-time, data-driven, precise modeling for constructing the digital mapping of physical-world ITSs. Meanwhile, the metaverse integrates emerging technologies such as virtual reality/mixed reality, artificial intelligence, and DTs to model and explore how to realize improved sustainability, increased efficiency, and enhanced safety. More recently, as a leading effort toward general artificial intelligence, the concept of foundation model was proposed and has achieved significant success, showing great potential to lay the cornerstone for diverse artificial intelligence applications across different domains. In this article, we explore the big models embodied foundation intelligence for parallel driving in cyber-physical-social spaces, which integrate metaverse and DTs to construct a parallel training space for CAVs, and present a comprehensive elucidation of the crucial characteristics and operational mechanisms. Beyond providing the infrastructure and foundation intelligence of big models for parallel driving, this article also discusses future trends and potential research directions, and the "6S" goals of parallel driving.

A review of the problem of modeling the aerodynamics of small-sized ekranoplanes

A characteristic trend in the development of modern transport systems is the widespread introduction of unmanned technologies. One of the new vehicles that are promising for use as high-speed unmanned aerial vehicles are ekranoplanes (WIG crafts). Such devices use the principle of dynamic support above the surface. Therefore, the processes of aerodynamics are decisive for their reliable and effective operation. The presented work considers the problem of modeling aerodynamic processes during the movement of the vehicle near the surface. In contrast to studies in an unrestricted flow, the presence of a surface leads to a number of features that determine the need for special approaches to both physical and mathematical experiments. It is established that each of the methods can ensure the similarity of the modeled processes to the real ones within the defining limits. A brief review of methods of numerical modeling of ekranoplan aerodynamics is presented. The approaches, which based on the Navier-Stokes equations and method of discrete singularities, are considered. There are examples of calculation of the processes of wing aerodynamics herein. The advantages and disadvantages of viscous and inviscid models for research are shown.

Enhancing Accessibility to Objects of Cultural Heritage in Cities of Syran Arab Republic: Challenges and Solutions

Historic city centres are significant cultural and economic hubs. However, they often encounter challenges in preserving their heritage amidst urbanisation and modernisation. This article presents an integrated approach that combines theoretical insights with innovative methodologies to address the urban planning dilemmas facing historic centres. Additionally, the article analyses mobility dynamics within these centres using analytical techniques to accurately decipher pedestrian and vehicular movement patterns. The objective of this article is to optimise street intersections and enable informed decisions in city design and infrastructure development through the use of mathematical analysis. The study analyses various transportation elements to gain a comprehensive understanding of the complex transportation system by linking them to key aspects. This study presents an integrated framework that promotes the development of adaptable transportation systems in urban environments. The aim is to facilitate innovative solutions and the seamless integration of diverse transportation modes into urban planning frameworks. The development of road networks in historic cities aims to balance cultural preservation with modern transportation integration, striving to maintain authenticity while implementing sustainable solutions.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ УМЕНЬШЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ВОДИТЕЛЕЙ В СОСТОЯНИИ ОПЬЯНЕНИЯ НА КОРПОРАТИВНОМ ТРАНСПОРТЕ

The article considers actual problems associated with the growth of the number of road accidents involving drivers of carshering and car taxis in a state of intoxication. The main problems have been highlighted and ways of their solution with the help of the introduction of intelligent systems, such as autonomous technical means for determining the level of alcohol in the exhaled air and Face Pay have been proposed.It has been substantiated that the development of intelligent transport systems (ITS) allows within the framework of the dispatch control subsystem to approach the issue of increasing the level of road traffic reliability at another, more qualitative level.

Introducing fine grained energy consumption variables into a public passenger transport simulation in SUMO

Improving energy efficiency in public passenger transport is key to achieving sustainability goals. In many developing countries, public passenger transport relies heavily on fossil fuels, which necessitates a strong focus on reducing emissions from energy consumption. Surprisingly, few studies have addressed this issue in the context of daily operations, with most research focusing on operational and infrastructural changes. This paper aims to fill this gap by introducing detailed energy consumption variables into a public transport simulation model using SUMO, a tool known for its seamless integration with Python. The development of two Python scripts underpins this endeavour. The first script facilitates the automatic generation of scenarios, allowing the manipulation of parameters such as station spacing, line length, passenger capacity and waiting times, among others. The second script is dedicated to estimating energy consumption for each scenario. Together, these tools allow us to calculate average energy consumption for different scenarios and modes of public transport. As a result, they provide valuable insights for the formulation of public policies aimed at saving energy in different public transport environments and lay the foundation for the integration and development of intelligent transport systems and simulation-based digital twins.

Development of an algorithm for the operation of railway station infrastructure in unconventional situations

The expansion of intelligent transport systems is a notable trend in the current stage of transport infrastructure development. The use of intelligent transport systems will enhance the quality of transport process management and ensure strict compliance with safety requirements in the transportation process. The Russian Federation’s transport strategy up to 2030 envisages the development of intelligent transport systems, which is one of the directions for forming a unified transport space in Russia based on balanced development of an efficient transport infrastructure. The introduction of innovative informational and educational technologies is one of the promising and relevant issues in the context of the digital transformation of the transport complex. The situational information and training model developed in this study will enable operational management personnel to minimize the time required to find the necessary route, prepare it, and reduce or completely avoid train delays at entry signals, thereby enhancing train traffic safety. This article presents an algorithm of measures that will enable the development of specific practical solutions for improving the technology of railway station operations in the event of failures in existing railway automation and telemechanics systems. The use of a situational information and training model “Management of switches in the route” in conjunction with the developed “Route Tables” adapted for various extra-class railway stations will allow eliminating errors made by station duty officers when preparing routes and reducing the time spent on these operations..

Privacy-Preserving Distributed Transfer Learning and its Application in Intelligent Transportation

With the rapid development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), more and more intelligent applications for ITS have received widespread attention, such as the vehicle detection, inference of typical routes, and traffic forecasting. In these applications, deep learning is widely used as a key artificial intelligence technology. However, most ITS providers fail to collect enough labeled traffic data for model training. As a complement to deep learning, transfer learning is an effective way to solve the scarcity of labeled data, which can transfer knowledge from labeled datasets to unlabeled datasets, thus improving the accuracy of prediction and classification. Nevertheless, when the labeled dataset and the unlabeled dataset are held by different entities, it is still unrealistic for two mutually distrustful entities to cooperate in transfer learning regarding data security and privacy preservation. Although some existing works provide privacy-preserving transfer learning methods, such methods fail to apply to traffic data with high sample dimensions due to their high computational cost and round complexity. To address this problem, we design an efficient privacy-preserving distributed transfer learning protocol, which is appropriate for traffic data. Compared to existing works, our protocol addresses the privacy-preserving problem of transfer learning for traffic data with high sample dimensions. In addition, our protocol has fewer interaction rounds and can be proved in the semi-honest model. Finally, we validate the effectiveness, efficiency and security of the proposed protocol via experiments. Furthermore, we show the application of the proposed protocol in intelligent transportation systems.

Assessing the reliability of the hardware and software complex of fault-tolerant control systems

Reliability assessment of hardware and software complexes is relevant due to the expansion of automation and intellectualization for sustainable development of mining and transport systems, energy complexes and mechanical engineering. This paper presents an approach to the reliability assessment of control systems based on functional block diagrams of software and control flows. When assessing the reliability of a control system, software is considered taking into account the close relationship with hardware. The article considers control systems that assume the performance of the required function periodically and repeatedly within the transportation and technological cycle of the system. This is typical for automation of mining and transportation systems, as well as energy complexes. It is taken into account that the main function within the transportation-technological cycle does not require a complex algorithm in contrast to the operating system. Thus, the proposed reliability assessment model allows to take into account the interaction between hardware and software of automated control systems, including the variant of their faulttolerant execution.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ

This article conducts a study of the prospects for the development of information transport systems, the purpose of which is to study existing technologies for monitoring traffic flows to improve the safety and efficiency of road traffic. The article discusses existing methods for collecting and processing data on traffic flows, as well as the impact of monitoring on traffic safety. The objective of the study is to determine the most progressive and effective monitoring technologies and the practice of their application. The article also analyzes the results of using an intelligent transport system in the city of Belgorod and its impact on reducing accident rates. The findings indicate the importance of developing further research in the field of monitoring to optimize the city's transport system and infrastructure development.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПОДХОДА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЕДИНОЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ

This article outlines the main structural peculiarities of creation and development of intellectual transportation system (further ITS), with the application of ontological approach in the development and subsequent operation. Besides, the main aspects of the methodology of ontological approach application in ITS functioning are presented. approach in ITS functioning. The main purpose of this article is to analyze in the context of integration and development of ITS in the context of uniform development of ITS within the framework of the transport complex of the Russian Federation. In this paper the decomposition analysis of structural elements of the road traffic is carried out. road traffic, in relation to the integration of ontological approach to ITS.

КООПЕРАТИВНЫЕ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ТРАНСПОРТНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ: СВЯЗЬ МЕЖДУ ТРАНСПОРТНЫМ СРЕДСТВОМ И ИНФРАСТРУКТУРОЙ

The development and implementation of cooperative intelligent transport systems in order to improve traffic management to improve road safety, as well as implemented communication technologies in the field of cooperative intelligent transport systems, are considered.

Federated Learning Enabled Credit Priority Task Processing for Transportation Big Data

Due to the epidemic COVID-19 spread and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) development, investigators are now to conduct their research over the generated Transportation Big Data (TBD) in many critical areas, such as medical supplies, food supplies, as well as logistics supplies. At present, Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC) is an emerging paradigm to integrate resources from vehicles, road-site units, base stations, and cloud center to promote the performance of TBD tasks scheduling and running. In this paper, we design a three-layered TBD task processing architecture with a federated learning mechanism for credit priority-based task scheduling and running. In our design, we consider the efficiency of task offloading and misbehavior attack problems simultaneously. We propose a vehicular federated learning framework combined with Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) credit measurement, which can preserve the privacy of vehicles and obtain the related features for vehicular credit prediction. We also propose a task offloading algorithm to solve the optimization problem for credit priority task offloading between edge computing servers and vehicles. The proposed solution can prioritize tasks and assign sufficient resources for reliable and active task requesters. Experimental results expose that the proposed mechanism outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions when considering efficiency and attack simultaneously for TBD tasks scheduling and running.

Integrative computational analyses implicate regulatory genomic elements contributing to spina bifida

PurposeSpina bifida (SB) arises from complex genetic interactions that converge to interfere with neural tube closure. Understanding the precise patterns conferring SB risk requires a deep exploration of the genomic networks and molecular pathways that govern neurulation. This study aims to delineate genome-wide regulatory signatures underlying SB pathophysiology, MethodsAn untargeted, genome-wide approach was used to interrogate regulatory regions for rare single-nucleotide and copy-number variants (rSNVs and rCNVs, respectively) predicted to affect gene expression, comparing results from SB patients with healthy controls. Qualifying variants were subjected to a deep learning prioritization framework to identify the most functionally relevant variants, as well as the likely target genes affected by these rare regulatory variants. ResultsThis ensemble of computational tools identified rSNVs in specific transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) that distinguish SB cases from controls. rSNV enrichment was found in specific TFBSs, especially CCCTC-binding factor binding sites. These TFBSs were subjected to a deep learning prioritization framework to identify the most functionally relevant variants, as well as the likely target genes affected by these rSNVs. The functional pathways or modules implicated by these regulated genes serve protein transport, cilia assembly, and central nervous system development. Moreover, the detected rare copy-number variants in SB cases are positioned to disrupt gene regulatory networks and alter 3-dimensional genomic architectures, including brain-specific enhancers and topologically associated domain boundaries of relevant cell types. ConclusionOur study provides a resource for identifying and interpreting genomic regulatory DNA variant contributions to human SB genetic predisposition.

Transport system and transport education development: Some challenges and opportunities

It is recognized that one of the most important sectors of the modern megacities economy is their transport system (including transport system of such a rapidly developing megacity as Moscow). The transport system of the Russian capital is a complex structure which includes numerous different types of transport, and is characterized by high congestion, high level of passenger traffic, that indicates not only the positive impact of transport on the socio-economic system of the city, but also the appearance/occurrence of various negative consequences, such as overloading of roads, deterioration of road conditions, suboptimal traffic, unworked routes, difficulties with dispatching regulation of public transport. The Moscow Government systematically solves the problems of the transport complex. At the same time, it is worth noting the significant role of educational organizations (transport education is actively developing): provision of qualified personnel, organization and conduct of various research projects. However, even here there are challenges and opportunities.