Transportation Development In China Research Articles

Statistical Analysis of Basic Dynamic Characteristics of Large Span Cable-Stayed Bridge Based on High Order Perturbation Stochastic FEM

With the quick development of transportation in China, long span cable-stayed bridges have been widely constructed to cross large rivers and deep canyons attribute to their unique structural forms and mechanical properties. For large-scale cable-stayed bridges, how to determine their basic dynamic characteristics or modal data is an important issue on the dynamic analysis of bridge structures. Noting the uncertainty of structural parameters or geometric shape, it is also of significance to find out the statistic dynamic characteristics of uncertain long span cable-stayed bridges. At the present paper, different from traditional low order perturbation stochastic approach, a high order perturbation stochastic FEM called as recursive stochastic finite element method was employed, which is a good practical approximation method compared to the Monte Carlo simulation method. Taking Edong Yangtze River Bridge as a research objective, the recursive stochastic finite element method was employed to solve the modal data of large span cable-stayed bridge with random parameters. Firstly, in the non-orthogonal polynomial presentation, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the random cable-stayed bridge were expressed. Then coefficients of the non-orthogonal polynomial expansion are able to be determined through high order perturbation technique. On the basis of the coefficients obtained, the probability density functions and statistic characteristics of the modal data were straightforward to implement. In accordance with detailed analyzations and discussions on the basic dynamic characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge, it can be found that the randomness of sectional flexural stiffness of the deck beam and bridge towers is very sensitive to many modes of Edong Yangtze River Bridge. However, the elastic stiffness simulating the pile-soil interaction has less influence on the in-plane modes.

A study of energy efficiency of transport sector in China from 2003 to 2009

As one of the three high-energy consumption sectors (industry, building, and transportation) in China, the transport sector faced a devastating resource and environment challenge. The transport sector was reportedly responsible for about 15.9% of the country’s total final energy consumption in 2008. This paper investigates the energy consumption and efficiency of China’s transport sector from 2003 to 2009. The transport energy data of 30 China administrative regions were divided into “three-belts” (Eastern, Western, and Central areas), and the corresponding turnovers were reported and analyzed using an index decomposition analysis (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index).The energy data and turnover of the transport sector indicated that the high growth rate of turnover results is attributed to the high growth rate of diesel, assuming that diesel is the major fuel for freight transport. The growth of diesel is the main contributor to the overall growth of energy consumption. The growth rate of gasoline has become minimal since 2006.Since 2005, all three-belt areas, with regard to the effectiveness of energy conservation policies, have continuously improved their energy efficiencies based on the results of decomposition analysis. The energy intensity effect shows that the energy conservation and efficiency policies were more effective in the Central and Western areas than that in the Eastern area. On the other hand, the regional shift effect indicates that the policies favor to the Eastern area since only its regional shift effect contributes energy savings since 2008. The energy-mix effect is insignificant, which indicates that it is not necessary to conduct CO2 emission decomposition analysis due to the redundant observations. At last, the activity effect dominates the energy consumption increase (98.05% of the accumulated total energy increase) from 2003 to 2009, which is consistent with the rapid development of transportation in China. That is, the policies in the transport sector mainly focused on the economic development but the energy efficiencies in the study period.

Modeling and Simulation of Bus Priority Oriented Urban Road Network Elastic Equilibrium

As the poor applicability of rail transit and elevated road limited by economy, population and many other factors, the waste of road resources caused by bus lane, maximizing application of available road resources and bus facilities, reducing the environmental pollution is the critical issue faced by current situation of urban transportation development in China. Guided by Bus Priority Oriented, utilized comprehensive techniques, such as ABC classification, bi-level programming model, sensitivity analysis, this paper constructed a theoretical frame of elastic equilibrium based on system optimization. Taking time and environment as optimized objectives, This paper established the Bi-Level multiobjective programming model based on travel time, and programmed with MATLAB for the calculation. Finally, the case study is illustrated. the software VISSIM was adopted to realize the simulation of the volume before and after the implementation of elastic plan in urban areas of PingDingshan. The simulation results showed the validity and feasibility of the modeling and simulation of Bus Priority Oriented urban road network elastic equilibrium.

Transportation development transition in China

Scientific development is an invaluable asset to a country. Policies and development modes should be carried out based on scientific findings not only in industry, but also in transportation infrastructure construction. Building an integrated transportation system, which is in line with the national requirements of China and supports sustainable socio-economic development, is a key strategic issue related to building a moderately prosperous society and achieving realistic goals of a medium-level developed country. Based on a systematic review of the advances in China’s transportation infrastructure over the last 60 years, this paper explores the main drivers of transportation development, including national policy, transportation structure, investment efficiency, and technological innovation. Analysis shows that China’s comprehensive transportation infrastructure construction since 1949 can be divided into five stages initiated by these drivers, which correspond to four transition modes: policy transition, structural transition, efficiency transition, and technology transition. The transition path of China’s transportation development shows that the dominant factors have changed, and the interval for each transition has shortened. With the implementation of the ‘12th Five-Year Plan’, China’s transportation infrastructure construction is showing some new characteristics and facing a new development transition. Finally, this paper analyzes the trends in transportation development in China and concludes that technological innovation will be the main driving force to increase the transportation supply and service area in the future.

Study on the Experiment of the Safety of C<sub>62BK</sub>-Wagon Loaded Running on Sharp Curves after Raising the Limited Height of Gravity Center

With the development of heavy haul freight transportation in China, the standard of the limited center height of gravity for car loaded will change heavily. The sharp curve is an unsubstantial part in the rail, reasonably working out the standard must obtain the deeply research of the process of vehicles running on sharp curves. Relying on the experiment and regarding the derailment coefficient and rate of wheel load reduction as the safety assessment standard, study is conducted concerning the safety of C62BK-wagon loaded running on sharp curves of Beijing-Chengde line, through statistical analysis of experimental data. At last, the safety technical requirements are put forward regarding C62BK-wagon with gravity center height of 2.4 m running through sharp curves.

Strategic Ideas on Scientific Development of Urban Transport in China

To provide policy recommendations for deepening implementation of the national public transport priority strategy, authors analyzed the status quo of China’s urban transport, and pointed out that the deteriorating traffic environment, lack of related laws, unlimited increase of car ownership and improper management system are the main problems severely restraining sustainable development of the urban public transport. Based on research on causes of the problems, authors put forward the relevant policy recommendations, from the view points of law construction, smooth traffic projects, car use guidance and reform of administration system. These policy recommendations are quite necessary and significant to promote sound development of China’s urban public transport.

Energy for sustainable road transportation in China: Challenges, initiatives and policy implications

This paper presents an overview of the initiatives launched in energy supply and consumption and the challenges encountered in sustainable road transportation development in China. It analyzes the main energy challenges related to road transportation development arising in the context of economic development, rapid urbanization, and improvement in living standards. It also discusses technological- and policy initiatives needed to deal with these challenges, drawing comparisons with foreign experience: promoting the development and dissemination of alternative fuels and clean vehicles such as: LPG, CNG, EV, HEV, FCV, ethanol, methanol, DME, bio-diesel, and CTL, strengthening regulations relating to vehicle fuel economy and emission, improving traffic efficiency and facilitating public transport development, and strengthening management of the soaring motor vehicle population. If the current pattern continues, by the year 2030, the vehicle population in China will be 400 million and fuel demand will be 350 million tons. The potential energy saving capacity being 60%, the actual oil demand by 2030 from on-road vehicles might technically be kept at the current level by improving fuel economy, propagating use of HEV and diesel vehicles, improving supply of alternative fuels, and developing public transport. Several uncertainties are identified that could greatly influence the effect of the technical proposals: traffic efficiency, central government's resolve, and consumers' choice.

China’s airline consolidation and its effects on domestic airline networks and competition

Air transportation in China has experienced tremendous growth and major reforms in the past three decades. While there is a large literature on airline liberalization, publications about China are limited. As China transforms from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, how closely has China followed the practice of liberalizing the airline industry seen in other countries around the world? This paper offers a review of air transportation development in China and compares China’s approach with other countries. In particular, this study examines the impact of the government-led airline consolidation of 2002 upon domestic network structure and competition.

Progress of Transportation Development in China

This article reviews the historical shaping process and the research results of the transportation systems in China, and analyzes the special demands of the transportation systems in different periods and their intrinsic causations. The overall layout and operation of the comprehensive transportation system in China is studied. The article then discusses the significance of the research based on some of the recent key programs set up by the author and organized to meet the demand of the transportation development of the country, and demonstrates the practical application of certain major findings. It further analyzes the problems of the transportation systems of all periods, and brings forth the policies and suggestions on the improvement of designing, constructing and operating the overall transportation system.

Land and Transportation Development in China

This paper presents an economics perspective to help make city governments’ involvement in land and transportation development in urban China understandable. Chinese city government plays a monopolistic role in land supply because of the current land ownership by the state and the management power of the city government. City government behaves like a profit-maximizing organization because of the revenue assignment and service responsibility under the current public finance scheme. Conditioned on these institutional elements and responding to an incentive structure that lacks public involvement, rational city governments have pursued continuous new town development and neglected updating infrastructure in the older parts of cities. Road infrastructure has been emphasized, but transit investment has been neglected. Without changing the basic institutions such as land ownership, public involvement and land revenue spending regulations are essential to make city governments more responsive to the demand from the urban public.

Progress of the Maglev Transportation in China

The successful construction and operation of the Shanghai high speed maglev Transrapid line and the Nagoya low speed Tobu Kyuryo maglev HSST line indicate that the maglev has already entered the transportation development stage. The related progress for transportation development in China is shortly described, including its foundation, long distance, and intercity and urban application

Industrial reform and air transport development in China

This article describes the regulatory and enterprise reform in the Chinese airline industry and its impact on the industry’s tremendous growth in recent years. It starts with a brief description of China’s general economic and industrial reform, followed by a detailed description of reforms in the air transport sector. It then examines the impact of the reform on the growth and development of China’s airline industry. In particular, the following aspects of the industry are discussed: air traffic growth and route development, market structure, and airline operation and competition. Lessons are also drawn for general enterprise and industry reforms in the (former) centrally planned economies.