Regional Tourism Development Research Articles

Ecosystem of tourist business in the context of regional tourism and hospitality industry development

The evolution and problems of the definition of such notions as “business ecosystem”, “business ecosystem model” and “business platform” in the scientific environment are overviewed and analyzed in this paper. Different strategies of the management of business ecosystem models are considered and conclusions about their efficiency at different development stages are formulated. In the paper, the particular attention is paid to digital platforms as a tool of management and development of business ecosystems in modern realities, the key cases of ecosystem business models in Russian economy are analyzed. The authors consider the digital platform creation as a perspective approach to the transition to the concept “Tourism 4.0” in the Republic of Bashkortostan. However, there are different opinions regarding the practicability of the realization of regional tourist platforms in comparison with the federal ones. The paper presents the overview of the main arguments of the parties of this discussion. As a result of the conducted research, the author formulated the conclusions on the perspective of creating cross-functional and multi-platform solutions for the realization of federal and regional platforms. That is, the construction of platforms based on the principle of mutual integration and realization of different but supporting functions, which would serve the whole chain of creation, promotion and realization of tourist product and realization of accompanying touristic services, will allow implementing not the competitive development environment but the ecosystem cooperation environment. Such principle is relevant from the point of the broad-scale and deep mechanism of data aggregation, for building up effective development strategies at entrepreneurial, regional and federal levels.

The influence of neighborhood quality on tourism in China: Using Baidu Street View pictures and deep learning techniques.

Previous studies have investigated the determinants of urban tourism development from the various attributes of neighborhood quality. However, traditional methods to assess neighborhood quality are often subjective, costly, and only on a small scale. To fill this research gap, this study applies the recent development in big data of street view images, deep learning algorithms, and image processing technology to assess quantitatively four attributes of neighborhood quality, namely street facilities, architectural landscape, green or ecological environment, and scene visibility. The paper collects more than 7.8 million Baidu SVPs of 232 prefecture-level cities in China and applies deep learning techniques to recognize these images. This paper then tries to examine the influence of neighborhood quality on regional tourism development. Empirical results show that both levels of street facilities and greenery environment promote tourism. However, the construction intensity of the landscape has an inhibitory influence on the development of tourism. The threshold test shows that the intensity of the influence varies with the city's overall economic level. These conclusions are of great significance for the development of China's urban construction and tourism economy, and also provide a useful reference for policymakers. The methodological procedure is reduplicative and can be applied to other challenging cases.

Sustainable Tourism as a Strategy for Generating Employment and Income in the Local Economy

The study addresses and deepens the debate on which are the best choices of sustainable strategic public policies to promote income and employment generation in economically depressed local economies and unattractive in attracting investments. In this context, public actions and strategies to stimulate the development of sustainable tourism are a promising path, as long as they are thought of as a regionalized process. The success of these policies largely depends on the integration and cooperation between tourist regions. However, failures in the coordination of actions, low understanding of local managers of the micro and macroeconomic scenario make more articulated and consequently more effective actions difficult. The study through a descriptive research of qualitative analysis and making use of content analysis addresses ways to ensure the promotion of sustainable growth of local economies. Sustainable tourism depends on improving regional governance, articulation and integration between territories, reliability and transparency in the management of data collection and sharing for satisfactory decision-making in the strategies of public policies for regional development of tourism.

Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Kabupaten Pandeglang Tahun 2015-2025 (Studi Kasus Pada Objek Wisata Air Panas Cisolong, Kecamatan Kaduhejo, Kabupaten Pandeglang)

The focus of this study is the Evaluation of the Implementation of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2014 concerning the Master Plan for Regional Tourism Development in 2015- 2025 (Case Study on Cisolong Hot Spring Tourism Object, Kaduhejo District, Pandeglang Regency). Identifying the problem is the lack of infrastructure for tourism public facilities, the weak empowerment of the tourism community in Cisolong tourist attractions as tourist actors and the lack of optimal tourism promotion carried out by the Pandeglang Regency Government. The formulation of the problem is how to evaluate the implementation of regional regulations. The theory used in this study uses the theory of policy evaluation criteria according to Leo Agustino (2020: 195). This research uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the Evaluation of the Implementation of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2014 on the Cisolong hot spring tourist attraction has not been carried out optimally because in the implementation of regional regulations there are still shortcomings in governance in tourist destinations, then traction, accessibility to bags, amenity and promotion that have not been maximized and budget constraints, weak the role of tourism human resources in the tourism industry in Pandeglang Regency. Recommendations that can be given are to carry out more optimal destination management by cooperating with the community and the private sector, conducting continuous training and coaching, strengthening tourism promotion and improving tourism attractions, accessibility and amenity.

Peculiarities of International Competition in the Market of Tourism and Hospitality

The global hospitality and tourism market is being transformed through several core factors: new consumer needs of the industry, pandemic, increased competition, in particular the emergence of new regional tourism markets and new companies. The aim of the article is to investigate the competitiveness of the global hospitality and tourism market based on the example of key attractive tourism regions: Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East and Europe. The methodology is based on a statistical analysis of regional hospitality and tourism markets by key indicators of their competitiveness in 2010‒2021. The results show a significant contraction of the global hospitality and tourism market, with transformations in regional markets (Asia due to rising travel costs and restrictions, the Middle East due to rising costs of tourism services). The European hospitality and tourism market is found to be stable due to a slight increase in the cost of travel services and weaker regulatory restrictions introduced during the pandemic. The structure of the industry has changed between 2020 and 2021, with a growing share of regional markets in Europe, resulting in a change in international competition between regional tourism and hospitality markets. The key competitive advantages of European countries in the field of tourism are historical and cultural heritage, developed tourism infrastructure, level of service, safety, cost of tourism services, including transport and accommodation facilities. Despite the development of new regional tourism markets (Asia, Pacific, Middle East) due to increased prosperity and improved infrastructure, the pandemic has caused these destinations to stagnate due to increased costs of tourism services.

Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of tourism development efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China

Tourism is expanding worldwide with vital implications for narrowing the regional development gap and facilitating cultural exchange. Evidence on regional differences in the influencing factors and spatiotemporal characteristics of tourism development efficiency (TDE) can provide a scientific basis for the coordinated sustainable development of regional tourism. Nevertheless, there is a limited understanding of the spatial transfer characteristics of TDE and the regional heterogeneity. This study fills the gap by describing the spatial transfer characteristics of the TDE of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) during 2000–2019 by using slacks-based measure-data envelopment analysis, the Theil index, and spatial Markov chain methods. The influencing factors have been further discussed based on a quantitative analysis of both natural and socioeconomic factors using a Tobit regression analysis. The results demonstrated that the average efficiency of tourism development in the YREB had been at a moderate level from 2000 to 2019, thereby showing the decreasing characteristics of “upper reaches > middle reaches > lower reaches”. The spatial transfer characteristics revealed the phenomenon of “spatiotemporal evolution convergence”. Moreover, factors such as per capita GDP, the proportion of tourism in the service industry, and average temperature had significant impacts on TDE in the YREB, with different impact intensities. In particular, the TDE of the middle and lower reaches was more affected by socioeconomic factors, whereas the upper reaches were more affected by natural factors. The findings suggest that these influencing factors and the convergence of spatiotemporal evolution should be considered in the policymaking of high-quality and regional tourism development in the YREB.

Spatial Structure and Development of Tourism Resources Based on Point Pattern Analysis: A Case Study in Hainan Island, China

Tourism resources are the basic materials of tourism development, and they also provide the support for regional tourism spatial competition. The development of tourism depends on the degree to which tourism resources are utilized, and it is of great guiding significance for their development and utilization to study their spatial structure. Based on a large sample of data on tourism resources, and starting from the characteristics of multi-type, multi-level and multi-combination, this paper puts forward a framework and method for analyzing the spatial structure of tourism resources. Taking Hainan Island as an example, this paper describes the spatial structure of tourism resources in Hainan Island by using the method of point pattern analysis, identifies the tourism resource development zones, and puts forward some suggestions for the development of tourism resources. The results are as follows: (1) The characteristic scale of the spatial structure of tourism resources in Hainan Island is 30.5 km, and there are significant differences in the distributions of all kinds of tourism resources. (2) Through the spatial structure map of tourism resources, the tourism resource development zones are identified, including three tourist central city levels, “one horizontal and three vertical” tourist belts and four tourist combination areas. (3) By combing the distribution of tourism resources and the development zones in Hainan Island, the cross-border characteristics of the tourism resources and development zones are obvious. In order to give full play to the spatial combination and superposition effect of tourism resources, a change from a single isolated development mode to the overall combined development between regions is suggested. On the provincial scale, it is relatively accurate to describe the spatial structure of tourism resources for point data with a large sample size. However, the method of point pattern analysis can not only accurately describe the spatial structure of tourism resources, but it can also provide reference for other types of regional spatial analyses. The research results provide a scientific basis for the spatial planning of regional tourism resources and have practical significance for the development of regional tourism.

Evaluation and Spatial Characteristics of Cooperation among Tourist Attractions Based on a Geographic Information System: A Case Study of The Yangtze River Delta Region, China

With the development of global economic integration and the gradual formation of unified tourism markets, strengthening regional tourism cooperation has become an internal requirement of regional tourism development but also a new way of sustainably developing tourism. This study selected the key factors affecting the cooperation of tourist attractions, including the competitiveness of tourist attractions and the relationships among tourist attractions, and established an evaluation index system and mathematical model of tourist attractions’ cooperation. Furthermore, the level of cooperation was evaluated. According to the value of the cooperation level, the spatial characteristics of the cooperation level were analyzed using a geographic information systems analytical method, which can better reflect the competitiveness, relationships, and overall cooperation level of tourist attractions. The results showed that the tourism competitiveness of tourist attractions was generally strong and their internal relations relatively close, and the overall tourism cooperation level was high. However, a two-dimensional four-quadrant map revealed that there were still great differences in tourism competitiveness among tourist attractions and their internal relations. Twenty-three tourist attractions exhibited weak tourism competitiveness and sparse relationships with other tourist attractions. The tourism competitiveness of tourist attractions and their internal relations and tourism cooperation level showed positive spatial autocorrelation and spatial agglomeration characteristics. The spatial differentiation of an “inverted U-shape” indicated that the cooperation level, tourism competitiveness, and mutual relations of tourist attractions were not balanced and that a stable and gradual spatial transformation had not been achieved. This study can provide valuable insights for the government to formulate policies and measures for regional tourism cooperation, carry out regional joint marketing, and help tourism enterprises design tourist routes.

Impact of the Digital Economy in the High-Quality Development of Tourism—An Empirical Study of Xinjiang in China

In the era of big data, the digital economy has become a key driving force for the high-quality development of tourism. Based on the annual panel data of 14 prefectures in Xinjiang from 2008 to 2018, this study proves the positive effect of the digital economy on the high-quality development of tourism. Through the construction of an evaluation index system for the high-quality development, a fixed effects model is used to investigate the relationship between them. Furthermore, mediating effect analysis is employed to study the mechanism. The robustness testing and heterogeneity analysis show the validity and rationality of the model. The results show that (1) The digital economy is an important driving force in the high-quality development of tourism in Xinjiang; (2) The digital economy promotes high-quality development by stimulating the upgrading of the tourism structure; (3) The impact of the digital economy on the high-quality development of tourism in different regions in Xinjiang presents great heterogeneity. The provincial capital presents a more significant effect.

Foreign experience if the formation and development of tourist clusters

Today, world practice shows that the formation of tourist clusters is one of the most effective ways not only to develop the territory for tourism purposes, but also to create unique conditions for the sustainable development of regional tourism in the long term. However, the process of cluster formation is quite complicated and necessitates the definition of clear mechanisms for integrating activities between tourism enterprises and state, educational, scientific and other public organizations involved in the cluster structure. Therefore, each country that implements the tourism clustering policy has developed its own experience in this area and creates a cluster based on the specifics of the relations formed between the local business community and the state. In this regard, the main purpose of writing this article is to review the foreign practice of clustering the tourism sector and identify the specific features of the various existing models of tourism clusters. From the scientific and practical point of view, the significance of the presented work is determined by identification of the distinctive properties of tourist clusters that contribute to a considerable increase in the attractiveness of the area for vacationers. As part of the study of the formation and development of tourist clusters in Europe, the USA and Asia, methods of comparative analysis, analogy and theoretical generalization were used.The value of study is that the results of study can be used as an information base in the course of determining the priorities for the development of tourism clusters in domestic practice.

Priorities and Threats for the Development of Regional Tourism

Introduction. Tourism is a dynamically developing branch of the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic seriously impacted not only on Russian economy as a whole, but also on its tourism sector. In Russia, tourism is recognized as one of the most affected sectors of the economy due to introduced quarantine restrictions. Domestic tourism in the context of the pandemic has become an impetus for the industry’s development. This study is devoted to the priorities and threats of the development of regional tourism to increase the efficiency of using the potential of domestic tourism and enlarge the demand for recreation in Russia by the population. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the results of the authors’ works studying the problems of the functioning of regional tourism, engaging in the search for promising directions that contribute to the growth of demand for tourism services in this market segment. To diagnose the state of the Russian tourism industry in a pandemic, assess the functioning of tourism in the region, identify threats and substantiate its development priorities, general scientific research methods were used: retrospective and comparative analysis, synthesis, analogy, generalization. The object of the study was the Vologda Region, a promising region of the North-West for the development of the tourism industry. Results. The specifics of the consumption of tourism services of the region in the context of the pandemic has been determined, the analysis of the tourism development in the region has been carried out, threats have been identified and priorities have been formed that contribute to the growth of tourism consumption in the Vologda Region. The author has established that the tourist resources of the region are poorly demanded by the population, which is due to noticeable competition from the neighboring regions of the North-West, as well as the poor provision of accommodation infrastructure and its slow growth, which causes low tourist demand. The importance of supporting the tourism development in the region in the context of the steady demand of Russians for resting in Russia has been justified. Discussion and Conclusion. The study makes it possible to identify the priorities and threats of the development of regional tourism. The results of the study can be used as a guideline in substantiating ways for the development of regional tourism by public authorities that contribute to the tourist demand increase competitiveness of regional tourism sector.

ORGANIZATION OF CULTURAL AND COGNITIVE TOURISM. CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN UKRAINE

The history of the origin of cultural and cognitive tourism, its concept and essence, as well as the general requirements for the development of cultural and cognitive tours are analyzed. An analysis of the development of cultural and cognitive tourism in the Ukrainian market and assessment of the cultural heritage of Ukraine. Trends in the development of cultural tourism in the Lviv region, in particular, in cities as important centers of cultural and cognitive tourism and attracting tourism innovations on the example of the city of Lviv. Trends in the development of cultural and cognitive tourism and the use of world experience for the development of historical and cultural cognitive tourism in Ukraine are studied. Practical recommendations on ways to improve the use of cultural and cognitive resources of the regions are given. It is established that Ukraine has a large number of unique monuments of history and culture, and therefore has great potential for the development of inbound and domestic cultural and cognitive tourism. Unfortunately, some of them were destroyed as a result of a full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine by the troops of the Russian Federation. racists continue war crimes against Ukrainian heritage, trying to erase Ukrainian history and identity. Destroying Ukrainian culture is one of their strategic goals in this war! Already in Ukraine, more than 350 cases of destruction of cultural heritage sites by the Russian occupation forces have been recorded. It is very difficult to protect them during the war because we are dealing with especially cynical barbarians, for whom our cultural monuments are one of the most important targets on the way to the realization of their dream – the destruction of the Ukrainian nation! But we will not allow it! The struggle continues! We must preserve the history and culture of Ukraine for our descendants!

Is Investment Contributing to Competitiveness in Nautical Tourism in the Atlantic Area?

The blue economy contributes significantly to the creation of the Atlantic Area’s identity. In addition, the search for outdoor experiences after the COVID-19 lockdown suspensions has renewed the popularity of nautical tourism in this area and in the world. Despite the negative effects of the economic crisis on tourism, evidence suggests that some tourist destinations in the Atlantic area are resilient. Thus, whereas some branches of the blue economy face considerable challenges to increasing competitiveness, others offer opportunities for economic growth and employment. In this context, investment is necessary to lay the foundations for the sustainable development of nautical tourism. However, regarding the role of investment in productivity and competitiveness in the context of crisis, there is no consensus among academics. Thus, we investigate whether the investment contributed to competitiveness in nautical tourism in the Atlantic Area in 2016–2020. We collected data from ORBIS for 29 nautical-tourism companies and performed a quantitative and qualitative narrative analysis of competitiveness indicators, enabling comparisons pre and during crisis. The results highlight the multiplicity of ways in which crisis impacts nautical-tourism firms. The research fills a gap in the literature by investigating the dynamic capabilities of nautical-tourism SMEs in periods of recession, with a special focus on restructuring and competitiveness strategies. Some recommendations are outlined to promote the efficiency of resources and stimulate the competitiveness of companies to allow the regional development of nautical tourism in the territory of the Atlantic area.

Sanatorium-resort complexes in the development of regional tourism

Aim. The presented study aims to build a structural model of a regional sanatorium-resort complex (SRC), to determine the role of the government and local authorities in the development of the SRC, and to formulate recommendations for the development of the regional SRC as a component of the regional economic complex.Tasks. The authors consider different approaches to determining the structure and identifying the elements of the regional SRC; build an original model of regional SRC structure; determine the role of the government and local authorities in solving the problems of regional SRC development; formulate recommendations for the development of the SRC of the St. Petersburg agglomeration and identify its features.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition, structural economic analysis, and modeling to determine the socio-economic essence, basic structural elements, specific features of operation and development of a regional SRC.Results. From an economic perspective, the SRC is an element of the regional economic complex and a component of the region’s tourist and recreational complex. The natural curative resources of the territory are the backbone element of the SRC while its core consists of its products, organizations that produce them, resort infrastructure, and regional authorities. The SRC cannot function without adequate regulatory and normative-value support or development of an appropriate institutional environment. Without government support and significant efforts of regional authorities, there will be no effective SRC development in the regions.Conclusions. A study of the structure and features of SRC development in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region makes it possible to conclude that it is necessary to develop the SRC of the two regions within the framework of agglomeration collaboration. Key areas of cooperation may include forecasting and strategic planning of SRC development, ensuring information support of decision-making processes, building an effective system of communication with manufacturers, consumers, and intermediaries in the spa services market, human resourcing, and attracting investors interested in projects related to SRC development.

Design and Construction of Intelligent Corridor of Tourist Attractions Based on Sensor Network

This paper presents an in-depth analysis and study of traditional corridor construction and tourism system planning using intelligent sensing networks. This paper proposes a node deployment and coverage optimization method for HWSNs based on particle swarm optimization emperor butterfly algorithm and extreme learning machine, with the objectives of reducing node deployment cost, reducing coverage redundancy and voids, improving monitoring area coverage, and increasing the agility of data processing by 15.03%, efficiency by 12.15%, and stability by 11.31%. In the paper, the static parameter table of the sensor is stored inside the smart sensor or stored on the IoT cloud platform to achieve automatic registration of the static parameters of the smart sensor. According to the characteristics of dynamic parameters of smart sensors, an autonegotiation algorithm is designed to realize the dynamic parameters of smart sensors to be determined by autonegotiation and complete registration without human intervention, which includes four parts: utility function, concussion protocol, proposal generation strategy, and response mechanism. The intelligent sensing system is composed of three parts: smart sensor, IoT gateway, and IoT cloud platform; the functions of each part in the system are analyzed, and MAR and STM32F4 are selected as the core board of smart sensor and IoT gateway. And for the problems of time-consuming and tedious access to smart sensors in the system, we propose to study the adaptive sensor UART serial port parameters and automatic registration of sensor parameters. Based on the analysis of the current environment and resource characteristics of the traditional corridor, the current situation of ecotourism resources of the traditional corridor is sorted out, an evaluation index system is established to evaluate ecotourism resources, and the current development basis is analyzed from four aspects: natural environment, tourism resources, product development, and infrastructure. Finally, to promote the sustainable development of the ecotourism corridor in the Chengdu section of the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains, the planning and development strategies to match the ecotourism corridor in the Chengdu section of the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains are proposed in four aspects: transportation organization optimization, ecological landscape enhancement, support system construction, and regional tourism development.

The Spatial Pattern and Spillover Effect of the Eco-Efficiency of Regional Tourism from the Perspective of Green Development: An Empirical Study in China

Scientifically analyzing the spatial pattern and spillover effect of the eco-efficiency of regional tourism embodies the green development theory. In addition, it is also of important significance for realizing the sustainable development of regional tourism and promoting regional ecological civilization. This study incorporates energy consumption and CO2 emissions of tourism into the efficiency evaluation index system. On this basis, the slacks-based measure–data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) with undesirable output, the spatial autocorrelation (SAC) model and the spatial Durbin model (SDM) are used to study the spatial pattern and spillover effect of the eco-efficiency of provincial tourism in China from 2008 to 2017. Results show that the following: (1) The average eco-efficiency of national tourism is 0.534, which is at the medium development level as a whole. Among the decomposed efficiencies of eco-efficiency, the scale efficiency drives the optimal development of eco-efficiency in tourism. (2) The eco-efficiency of tourism shows a spatial differentiation pattern on the regional scale as follows: it is the highest in the central region, moderate in the western region, and lowest in the eastern region. (3) The degree of clustering of the eco-efficiency of tourism first increases and then decreases. The SAC-based cluster pattern is dominated by a low-low (LL) cluster, followed successively by a high-high (HH) cluster and a low-high (LH) outlier, while a high-low (HL) outlier is the least significant (4). Among the influencing factors, the technical level shows spatial spillover effects on both the eco-efficiency and pure technical efficiency of tourism; the economic development level and traffic accessibility mainly have spatial spillover effects on the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of tourism; the industrial structure and environmental regulation separately have a spatial spillover effect only on the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency of tourism.

Evaluation of Provincial Tourism Competitiveness in the Yellow River Basin Based on Clustering Algorithm

Tourism is an important part of China’s national economy. Promoting the development of regional tourism and improving the level of tourism competitiveness can promote the development of regional economy, society, and people's livelihood. Therefore, in the context of the HQDEV of the YRB, it is of great significance to study the evaluation and promotion strategies of tourism competitiveness along the Yellow River for promoting their HQDEV in terms of ecology, economy, and tourism. Taking the provinces as the research area, this article has constructed an evaluation index system of tourism competitiveness in the provinces and used the entropy weigh, the Topsis, and the natural breakpoint classification method. The economic and tourism industry subsystems and the overall tourism competitiveness level are comprehensively evaluated and analyzed, and on this basis, the promotion strategy of tourism competitiveness of the nine provinces along the Yellow River is proposed. According to the weight of the evaluation index system, the index weight of the ecological environment competitiveness subsystem is 0.3891, of which the index weight of the ecological protection level is 0.3057, and the environmental quality level is 0.0834. The index weight of the subsystem is 0.2691, of which the index weight of the economic innovation level is 0.1695, and the social and people's livelihood level is 0.0996. For the tourism competitiveness, the index weight of the ecological environment competitiveness subsystem is 0.3891, the index weight of the socioeconomic competitiveness subsystem is 0.2691, and the index weight of the tourism industry competitiveness subsystem is 0.3418. The results show that the level of tourism competitiveness along the nine provinces maintains a relatively stable form, but the overall level is not high and the intraregional differences are small.

Opportunities and prospects for the development of speleotourism in Azerbaijan


 
 
 Tourism has a positive impact on many sectors of the world economy because it unequivocally affects the growth of life and economic activity of the local population, increasing the socio-economic indicators of the region, improving the road infrastructure, and necessitating infrastructural development. Tourism is growing and diversifying around the world, people are not only traveling to have fun, relax or spend their free time, but also because of their interest in alternative types of tourism. This approach requires the further development of regions rich in tourism and recreation resources, which, in turn, paves the way for sustainable development in the regional context. From a regional point of view, one of the important conditions for the development of tourism is the presence of unique natural monuments. One type of these natural monuments is caves, on the basis of which it is possible to develop speleotourism. Speleotourism is a complex type of tourism, the difficulty of which depends on limitations of natural light, high relative humidity, low air temperature, relief forms, and the degree of difficulty of routes. Speleotourism requires careful and trained hiking, as well as strength, endurance, agility, and the ability to use technical means of insurance. The article presents for the first time information on the classification of caves, states the importance of determining their status, and examines the caves in Azerbaijan which are distinguished by high values of speleotourism. In addition, the article examines the use of caves as shelters by primitive people and as sources of creation of legends and myths, their value as shrines and temples, as historical and cultural heritage, their use for sports and recreation purposes, as well as their use in enhancing the attractiveness of tourism. The authors prove the importance of using caves in Azerbaijan as a tourist product for the development of speleotourism, sites which are distinguished by their natural attractiveness, geological structure, historical past and archaeological finds, as well as convenient transport infrastructure. Scientific studies show that speleotourism is a promising tool for the development of regional tourism. The authors predict that in the future speleotourism in Azerbaijan will be an aspect of the country’s international tourism.
 
 

Новый образовательный контент креативного краеведческого туризма в контексте коммуникативистики

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the search for new forms of interaction in the field of cultural industries located at the intersection of education and tourism.
 The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need to develop a new cultural and educational interactive product within the framework of the development of creative tourism in the Kaluga region, reflecting the society's demand for new forms of interaction. Inclusion in the information and communication space of the region is most successful if there is interaction with the addressee of communication (consumer) at different levels: semantic, emotional, technological, event-based.
 The main research methods are analysis, generalization, modeling, observation, testing.
 Using the example of a local history quest using modern educational storytelling technology, the ways of involving foreign guests, as well as representatives of national and cultural autonomies living in the Kaluga region, in active knowledge of the historical and cultural features of Kaluga and the region are shown. The "pocket guide" tool developed for completing the quest not only provides a meaningful filling of the communicative space, but also through special tasks offers to make independent observations of cultural objects of the city and region, helps to find answers to questions during the quiz, involves participants in dialogue and co-creativity, forms a national and cultural identity in a multicultural environment.
 This study helps to identify new communication channels and means of information transmission based on modern technologies that allow to obtain new effects in the interaction of subjects - educational, cultural, social.

Сreative industries as a factor of tourism development in Рoltava region

In today's world, tourism is an extremely multifaceted industry that combines history, geography, culture, moreover, shows the level of development of modern society. The creative sector is an important part of the tourism industry, and it is to visit various locations that millions of people travel to other countries each year to see artwork or touch landmarks. Creative economy contributes to the creation of creative hubs, which are becoming more popular every year. Various festivals, fairs, exhibitions, museums, theaters and amusement parks operate successfully around the world and, of course, in Ukraine. Further development and popularization of Ukrainian national holidays, traditions and history can be the main driver in the development of international tourism in the country. In particular, Poltava region has a huge potential for the development of cultural centers and locations with the prospect of developing domestic tourism and increasing tourist flows to future creative clusters. The subject of the study was chosen creative industries as a factor in the development of tourism in the Poltava region. The purpose of the work is to study the creative industry as a factor in the development of tourism in the Poltava region. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and solved, namely: the destinations of the country's creative industries were analyzed; the prospects of development of creative industries in Poltava region are determined. The study was conducted using methods of evaluation, analysis, comparison, statistics, graphics, descriptive, cartographic. The following results were obtained: each region of Ukraine needs action by the authorities to expand and improve the existing objects of the creative economy, including Poltava region. The National Development Strategy declares the transfer of cultural development powers to communities, and it is the local government that must regulate and anticipate the development of the industry on the ground. A program for the development of Poltava culture for 2020-2024 has been created, which provides for the search for ways of non-state funding, ie the search for investors or sponsors. «Poltava Tourist» for 2020-2026 is a program that should find a way to increase the number of tourists, analyzing existing problems and solving them.