Development Of Test System Research Articles

Development and application of triaxial seepage test system for gas-water two-phase in coal rock

Development and application of triaxial seepage test system for gas-water two-phase in coal rock

A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE PRIORITY OF DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM OF WEAPONS AND MILITARY TECHNOLOGY TESTS IN THE CONTEXT OF DEFENSE PLANNING

In order to form the basis for solving the problematic issues of the development of the OVT test system in the context of defense planning, the authors proposed for the first time a methodical approach to determining the priorities of the system’s development.
 The proposed methodological approach involves solving the problem of discrete multi-criteria decision- making based on the results of a comparative analysis, taking into account the priority of measures with limited financial and other resources.
 To solve the problem, the article defines an approximate list of measures for the development of the experimental and testing base and infrastructure, on the basis of which a set of development options can be formed. A set of indicators for the evaluation of alternative development options has been formed in its preliminary form, which contains indicators of the prospects for the implementation of OVT development projects and the characteristics of options for the development of the experimental and testing base and infrastructure.
 The methodical approach proposed in the article can be used as the basis of the methodology for determining the priorities of the development of the OVT testing system. The development of the specified methodology involves further research and determination of criteria for evaluating alternative options, selection and application of a method for solving the problem of discrete multi-criteria decision-making, analysis and generalization of the obtained results.

Development of an Accessibility Testing System for the Virtual Machine Deployment Service in the Cloud

Development of an Accessibility Testing System for the Virtual Machine Deployment Service in the Cloud

Identification of predictive markers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with glioblastoma

Introduction. Glioblastoma (GB) is not yet curable despite recent advances in the treatment of other malignant solid tumors. The management of GB is based solely on histopathological features, imaging of the tumor and its genomic analysis (somatic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase genes, methylation status of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene promoter). To adapt the treatment to the most recent tumor evolution, molecular information should be received regularly throughout the course of therapy. However, tumor tissue is often not available for diagnosis as the disease progresses. In this regard, the development of less invasive methods, such as analysis of the proteome of biological fluids of patients, is of particular interest. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an important source disease biomarkers to monitor the presence and progression of the disease.Aim. To identify proteomic predictive biomarkers in the CSF of patients with GB.Materials and methods. During the study, samples of patients’ CSF samples, high-resolution proteomic mass spectrometry, modern biochemical methods and bioinformatic technologies were used.Results. For the first time, the analysis of proteomes of CSF samples of patients with GB obtained before and 7 days after the removal of the primary tumor was carried out. Potential biomarkers of GB have been identified. After their validation using open databases, 11 proteomic predictive markers of GB (S100A9, S100A8, PLA2G15, PPIB, LTBP2, VIM, LAMB1, STC1, NRP1, COL6A1, HSPA5) were selected and their role in the molecular mechanisms of gliomagenesis was assessed. Conclusion. The proposed panel of proteomic predictive CSF biomarkers in GB patients can be further used in the development of test systems for assessing the effectiveness of therapy and early detection of disease relapses.

Development of a low-cost non-destructive test system for measurement of elastic modulus

Conventional measurement processes to determine elastic modulus of samples such as tensile or flexural test and bending test are typically unidirectional and destructive in nature for the measured samples. The industrial grade and commercially available Non-Destructive Test (NDT) measurement instrument based on the impulse excitation technique is meanwhile expensive. This project involves designing and developing a low-cost NDT system for the measurement of elastic modulus based on the impulse excitation technique. Secondly, it is to compare the performance of the measurement system with the tensile test. The performance of the NDT prototype will be put to test by using different type of specimens such as aluminium alloy, copper, brass, and carbon steel. Each type of specimen will carry be tested three times to get the average of the data. After all the data collection of the NDT measurement system, the tensile test will be carried out. A comparison for the measurement of the elastic modulus will be conducted between the NDT system, tensile test, and theoretical results. The expected outcome for this project is to develop a NDT for the measurement of the elastic modulus. This project also aims to reduce the industrial waste, reduce the cost of the sample test and maintain the accuracy and the performance of the NDT system compared with the tensile test.

Founding of the culture collection of antibiotic-resistant strains of zoonotic bacteria in the Russian Federation.

The main purpose of a national bioresource center is to standardize, centralize, preserve, and ensure accessibility of microbial bioresources that accumulate there because of state research programs. The establishment of national bioresource centers for antibiotic-resistant microorganisms allows to solve practical problems in the field of veterinary service, as well as to develop effective chemotherapeutic and disinfectant drugs to overcome the mechanisms of resistance. This study aimed to outline the process of forming a national culture collection of antibiotic-resistant strains of zoonotic bacteria in the Russian Federation using two microbial strains. The object of research was isolates of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus spp., all of which were obtained from biomaterials of farm animals, feed samples, bedding, water from livestock buildings, washouts from environmental objects, and food products. The resistance of bacterial isolates was determined using microbiological and molecular-genetic research methods. During monitoring studies, 1489 bacterial isolates were isolated. In total, 408 bacterial isolates were tested for sensitivity to antimicrobial agents, including E. coli (47.6%), Salmonella spp. (30.4%), Enterococcus spp. (11.3%), and Campylobacter spp. (10.8%). For genetic characterization, 95 isolates of Salmonella enterica, E. coli, Campylobacter spp., L. monocytogenes, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. were chosen from the research collection, which was formed as part of the monitoring program for antibiotic resistance. Deposited isolates that underwent whole-genome analysis can be used as positive control samples both in the development and use of methods or test systems for the detection of various resistance genes in zoonotic bacteria. In addition, such isolates can also be used for microbiological studies related to determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs, for phenotypic studies in the diagnosis of various bacterial infections in animals and birds, and retrospective analysis of strains from numerous collections.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI NILAI MURID BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA SMA PELITA KASIH

The development of science and technology is increasingly rapid in the field of information technology such as internet technology. In the education sector in Indonesia, almost all tertiary institutions are quite familiar with and make good use of internet technology. Such as services to find out information on tuition fees, grades, and so on.
 At the level of high school education (SMA). Not many schools are well acquainted with the benefits of this internet technology. One of them is SMA Pelita Kasih, this technology is only used as an additional facility to display simple information. This technology has not been utilized as the main media database, one of which is a valuable. Value data processing is still done manually, this process is considered quite slow and requires precision to maintain the accuracy of the data. Therefore it is necessary to develop a system to streamline time and maintain data confidentiality.
 In developing this system, the stages used were from the Development System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), namely, Planning, Analysis, Design, Programming, Testing, Operation, and Maintenance. While the programming language used by the author is XAMPP and Sublime Text 3.

Variety Differentiation: Development of a CRISPR DETECTR Method for the Detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Cacao (Theobroma cacao) and Almonds (Prunus dulcis)

To prevent food fraud, products can be monitored by various chemical-analytical techniques. In this study, we present a CRISPR-Cpf1 DETECTR-based assay for the differentiation of plant ingredients in sweet confectionary like fine and bulk-cocoa, or bitter and sweet almonds. To enable rapid in-field analysis, the trans-cleavage activity of the Cpf1 enzyme was used to develop a DETECTR (DNA endonuclease-targeted CRISPR trans reporter) assay for simple, highly specific fluorometric detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The endonuclease Cpf1 requires the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) 5’-TTTV-3’ for activation, but the recognition sequence is freely programmable. The SNPs were selected to alter the Cpf1 specific PAM sequence. As a result, sequences that do not carry the canonical PAM sequence are not detected and thus not cut. The optimized system was used for both raw material and processed products such as cocoa masses or marzipan with a limit of detection of 3 ng template DNA. In addition, we were able to implement the system in the context of an LFA (lateral flow assay) to serve as a basis for the development of rapid test systems.

Development of an Instantaneous Loading Impact Test System for Containment of a Nuclear Power Plant during Aircraft Impact on Steel Bar Joints.

As major projects such as nuclear power plants continuously increase, it is inevitable that loopholes will arise in safety precautions. Airplane anchoring structures, comprising steel joints and acting as a key component of such a major project, directly affect the safety of the project due to their resistance to the instant impact of an airplane. Existing impact testing machines have the limitations of being unable to balance impact velocity and impact force, as well as having inadequate control of impact velocity; they cannot meet the requirements of impact testing for steel mechanical connections in nuclear power plants. This paper discusses the hydraulic-based principle of the impact test system, adopts the hydraulic control mode, and uses the accumulator as the power source to develop an instant loading test system suitable for the entire series of steel joints and small-scale cable impact tests. The system is equipped with a 2000 kN static-pressure-supported high-speed servo linear actuator, a 2 × 22 kW oil pump motor group, a 2.2 kW high-pressure oil pump motor group, and a 9000 L/min nitrogen-charging accumulator group, which can test the impact of large-tonnage instant tensile loading. The maximum impact force of the system is 2000 kN, and the maximum impact rate is 1.5 m/s. Through the impact testing of mechanical connecting components using the developed impact test system, it was found that the strain rate of the specimen before failure was not less than 1 s-1, meeting the requirements of the technical specifications for nuclear power plants. By adjusting the working pressure of the accumulator group, the impact rate could be controlled effectively, thus providing a strong experimental platform for research in the field of engineering for preventing emergencies.

The role of circulating miR-19b miRNA in predicting the outcome of COVID-19

Background. MicroRNAs are short (20–22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that can posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression and are considered a regulator of the innate immunity system. Previously, many papers were published on the prediction of the interaction of the single-stranded (+)RNA virus SARS-CoV-2 with human microRNAs, as well as on the profile of circulating microRNAs in patients with COVID-19 of varying severity. However, no works are analyzing the possible contribution of miRNAs circulating in blood plasma to the severity of COVID-19.The aim. To study the features of the blood plasma microRNA profile of patients with different severity of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and to evaluate the possibility of microRNA interaction with the SARS-CoV-2 genome.Materials and methods. The results of NGS sequencing of plasma miRNAs of 3 recovered and 8 deceased patients with a highly severe form of COVID-19 were studied. Differentially presented microRNAs were determined using bioinformatics methods, and their binding sites with the SARS-CoV-2 genome were predicted.Results. This study demonstrates that in patients who have recovered from a highly severe form of COVID-19, the level of hsa-miR-19b-3p in the blood plasma is significantly increased. This microRNA makes up about 1.5 % of all circulating microRNAs and can bind to SARS-CoV-2 regions encoding proteins that suppress intracellular immunity mechanisms (NSP3, NSP9). In addition, this miRNA can stimulate the functional activity and proliferation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, one of the critical components of acquired cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2.Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in the development of antiviral drugs based on RNA interference, as well as in the development of predictive test systems to optimize the tactics of treating patients with COVID-19.

A fluorescent microspheres-based microfluidic test system for the detection of immunoglobulin G to SARS-CoV-2

Background: The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, COVID-19, is currently ongoing in the world. Over the years, the pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, has undergone a series of mutational genome changes, which has led to the spread of various genetic variants of the virus. Meanwhile, the methods used to diagnose SARS-CoV-2, to establish the disease stage and to assess the immunity, are nonspecific to SARS-CoV-2 variants and time-consumable. Thus, the development of new methods for diagnosing COVID-19, as well as their implementation in practice, is currently an important direction. In particular, application of systems based on chemically modified fluorescent microspheres (with a multiplex assay for target protein molecules) opens great opportunities. Aim: development of a microfluidic diagnostic test system based on fluorescent microspheres for the specific detection of immunoglobulins G (IgG) to SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A collection of human serum samples was characterized using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and commercially available reagent kits. IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in the human serum were detected by the developed immunofluorescent method using microspheres containing the chemically immobilized RBD fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 (Kappa variant) viral S-protein. Results: The level of IgG in the blood serum of recovered volunteers was 9-300 times higher than that in apparently healthy volunteers, according to ELISA (p0.001). Conjugates of fluorescent microspheres with the RBD-fragment of the S-protein, capable of specifically binding IgG from the blood serum, have been obtained. The immune complexes formation was confirmed by the fluorescence microscopy data; the fluorescence intensity of secondary antibodies in the immune complexes formed on the surface of microspheres was proportional to the content of IgG (r 0.963). The test system had a good predictive value (AUC 70.3%). Conclusion: A test system has been developed, based on fluorescent microspheres containing the immobilized RBD fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein, for the immunofluorescent detection of IgG in the human blood serum. When testing the system on samples with different levels of IgG to SARS-CoV-2, its prognostic value was shown. The obtained results allow us to present the test system as a method to assess the level of immunoglobulins to SARS-CoV-2 in the human blood serum for the implementation in clinical practice. The test system can also be integrated into various microfluidic systems to create chips and devices for the point-of-care diagnostics.

Development of test systems for the analysis of polymorphism of the TNFAIP3 and CDS1 genes associated with the fat thickness in pigs

Relevance. In pig husbandry, one of the main issue in selection and breeding work is the efficiency of increasing the yield of quality products. The development of molecular genetic research methods using chips of various densities and subsequent genome-wide association studies made it possible to identify a large number of new genes potentially associated with selectively significant traits. Some of these potential genes are the TNFα-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) and CDP-diacylglycerol synthase 1 (CDS1) genes. The results of domestic and foreign studies show that these genes are associated with the regulation of the process of catabolism of cellular proteins and differentiation of fat cells.Methods. For further investigation, two polymorphisms were selected that showed a reliable association with the signs: the thickness of the fat over the 6–7 thoracic vertebrae and the thickness of the fat over the 10–12 thoracic vertebrae — in the TNFAIP3 genes (SSC1, rs81351586, A/G) and CDS1 (SSC8, rs331818788, C/A). Polymorphism was determined by real-time PCR. The selection of oligonucleotide probes and primers was carried out based on the localization of the mutation using the BLAST online resource. To test the information content of the developed RT-PCR test systems, alternative primer pairs were selected for RFLP analysis. DNA samples from 50 Large White pigs were used as genetic material.Results. The developed test systems for potential marker genes of productivity TNFAIP3 and CDS1 made it possible to clearly determine the genotypes of animals in the PCR-RT format. Both studied loci were found to be polymorphic. The developed test system can be used for genotyping a large number of animals and selecting animals with certain genotypes.

Development of an Information Provision System for Attention Disorder Symptoms

Spatial attention disorder, also known as unilateral spatial neglect (USN), and non-spatial attention disorder often co-occur after stroke. In previous studies, the development of an electronic USN test system has made it possible to record detailed test data that are impossible with paper-based testing. However, the method of providing information on the test data has not been investigated, and the USN test system is exclusively used for research purposes. Therefore, we developed a system to provide information on the models of attention disorders in different formats, such as numerical, graphical, and superimposed images. The developed information provision system can provide information according to the characteristics of the users. Evaluation experiment was confirmed that the system is effective to change the information provision format according to the subject.

항공기 비행특성 확인을 위한 다자유도 가상비행 및 자유비행 풍동실험 시스템 개발

항공기 개발 과정에서 비행제어시스템(FCS, Flight Control System)을 개발하고 검증하는 것은 매우 중요하며 장기간에 걸쳐 진행된다. 특히 항공기가 불안정한 특성이 발생될 수 있는 고받음각 상황에서 조종상실과 회복 과정 중 비행제어시스템의 정상적인 동작 여부의 검증은 비행시험 단계에서 비행시험의 위험성과 비용을 크게 감소시킬 수 있다. 그러나 비행시험 없이 실제 비행환경을 모사하여 동적 실험을 수행하고 비행제어시스템을 검증할 수 있는 시스템을 구성하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 공군사관학교 아음속 풍동실험실에서는 실제 비행환경과 매우 유사한 환경에서 동적특성을 파악할 수 있는 풍동실험 시스템을 구축하였다. 3자유도 짐벌과 리그를 개발하여 다자유도 가상비행(VFT, Virtual Flight Test) 풍동실험을 가능하게 하였고, 기존 폐회로 풍동 측정부를 개방형으로 개조하여 자유비행 풍동실험을 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 항공기 비행특성을 확인하고 비행제어시스템을 검증하였다.

Application of color extraction methods and k-nearest neighbor to determine maturity avocado butter

Computerization requires system testing and further system development, namely color feature extraction with KNN. Avocado is one that has a high protein content in it. This research uses the KNN algorithm method and feature extraction in order to get more effective results, the purpose of this research is to make it easier for people to choose the ripeness level of butter avocados because people still don't know about the maturity level of butter avocados. In this study, testing was carried out by bringing the avocado fruit closer to the cellphone camera connected to the researcher's internet, after which the application will automatically match the color of the avocado. to the system, the system will produce output based on that color with output in the form of the ripeness level of the avocado, whether it is ripe, ripe, half ripe, rotten and also generates information on how much longer the avocado will ripen. All stages of system development are carried out by analyzing data first, then taking sample data, training and testing datasets, then the results of the system will become benchmarks. The test data in this study used several types of avocado objects, namely: Raw, Half Ripe, Ripe, Ripe, Rotten. It consisted of 55 data samples consisting of 11 raw avocado samples, 11 half-ripe avocado samples, 11 ripe avocado samples, 11 ripe avocado samples and 11 rotten avocado samples. Obtained euclidean distance values ​​for each type of avocado butter. After that, the sum is done to get the overall level of accuracy by adding up the total euclidean distance with the total euclidean distance for each type of avocado. After getting the added value multiply it by 100%. Then the overall accuracy results obtained are 98.38%.

Design and implementation of automatic fish feeder (AFF) using microcontroller powered by solar cell: A Contribution to the fish farmers

This study aims to design and test an automatic fish feeder (AFF) controlled by a microcontroller with an electricity supply from a solar cell. To build a reliable and accurate system, input data is collected for design, followed by system development, feasibility analysis, and performance testing. The test results show that AFF works according to the settings of the microcontroller, where the servo motor can open and close the feed channel periodically, three times a day. The feeding schedule is set at 07.00, 12.00, and 16.00. In addition, fundamental indicators including feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed efficiency (FE) are showing positive results. Through the application of AFF which replaces manual feeding, the FCR is obtained at 1.15 from the initial value of 1.44. Meanwhile, FE increased from 69.4% to 86.8%. Technically, AFF is suitable for use by tilapia and carp farmers.

Development of multi-field rock resistivity test system for THMC

Abstract. To study the relationship between rock mechanical properties and resistivity under deep-underground environmental conditions, a rock resistivity test system, which can realize the simultaneous control of temperature, pressure, seepage, and the chemical environment, was developed; further, a corresponding specimen-sealing method was explored. The system primarily comprises a triaxial system, chemical permeation system, temperature control system, and test control system. The reliability of the system was verified through tests and preliminary experiments. The resistivity of fractured granite specimens under coupling of seepage and temperature and the resistivity of unfrozen and freeze–thawed coals during triaxial compression were tested with this test system. The test results show that the temperature-induced resistivity change is greater at low seepage pressures for fractured granites, and the effect of seepage on rock resistivity is greater at lower temperatures. The resistivity change patterns of unfrozen and freeze–thawed coals during triaxial compression differ quite significantly. The resistivity of unfrozen coal specimens exhibits a decreasing trend in the initial compression stage and then gradually increases with rises in the deviatoric stress. After freezing and thawing, the electrical resistivity of coal decreases during the entire compression process.

Development and study of ultrasonic immersion testing system for industrial and metrological application

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing (NDT) is one of the prominent field involving inspection to evaluate defects, cracks, deposition or fusion of welding materials and dimensional measurements of the test piece(s). Ultrasonic immersion scanning systems are useful for various industrial and metrological applications. The conventional immersion system uses a dedicated pulser receiver module for the excitation and detection of signal from transducer and a fast analog data acquisition card (DAQ) to acquire the raw data into computer. Rigorous digital signal processing and filtering is used to extract desired information from the raw data. In the present work, development of an ultrasonic immersion C-scan testing system, intended for industrial and metrological applications, is described. The developed system uses a commercial ultrasonic flaw detector (UFD) for the data acquisition rather than using pulser receiver and DAQ card to acquire ultrasonic information. The software for the same has been developed in Visual Basic .NET framework to control all five servo motor based axes of the ultrasonic immersion scanning tank. The developed software scans the sample automatically with parameters specified by the user. The parameters include echo amplitude, echo location, separation between two echoes, and ultrasonic attenuation. The developed software generates the data files that can later be used for further analysis using suitable data analysis software such as Origin or MS excel. The functionality of the developed system has been tested for the detection of flaws present in the material, testing for thickness variation and ultrasonic attenuation. The developed system is capable of detecting the location of defects within the resolution of ±0.01 mm. Ultrasonic transducer movement resolution of ±0.01 mm over the sample, results in to generation of a high quality image.

AVIAN INFLUENZA, SPREADING OF THE AIV AND DEVELOPMENT OF TEST-SYSTEMS USING SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM FOCI POINTS

To date, pathogenic strains of the influenza A virus have caused several dangerous pandemics and caused high mortality. Viral diseases cause irreversible pathology, which leads to a significant decrease in productivity and death of the infected bird. The only way to protect birds from the avian influenza virus is to keep birds in isolation and develop immunity in birds to the pathogen through vaccines. However, despite the above possibilities of protection against the above-mentioned viral pathogens, the epizootic situation among birds in many countries, including the Republic of Kazakhstan, remains tense. There are many publications on the development of test systems, but the variability of the AIV genome and its susceptibility to mutations creates serious problems in laboratory evaluation. In this regard, the development of effective domestic methods for the rapid diagnosis of avian influenza, such as PCR test systems, is relevant. Thus, this is the only express method necessary to further strengthen the complex of veterinary-sanitary and special veterinary measures to prevent the spread of infection in the country. For this purpose, more than 30 samples were selected in the North Kazakhstan region for the selection and design of specific oligonucleotide primers for the detection of AIV.

Development and application of indoor digital drilling test systems

Digital drilling tests provide a new means to realise the real-time acquisition of surrounding rock parameters. In situ rock drilling can provide more reliable strength quality parameters for rocks compared with indoor experiments. Moreover, it is more capable than existing in situ rock testing methods, such as point load and cone penetration tests. This paper introduces an independently developed digital drilling test system for real triaxial rock indoors and carries out digital drilling tests of different lithological materials based on this system. The result shows that the indoor digital drilling test system has good monitoring performance and high stability in the drilling speed – steady revolution speed control mode. An active quantitative control test, a standard for constant drilling and rotation speed, is proposed, which has practical application.