Development Of Test Plan Research Articles

Equivalent conversion investigation of environmental corrosion of suspenders in long-span suspension bridge

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the equivalent relationship between accelerated corrosion tests and real environmental spectrum of suspenders in long-span suspension bridge considering multiple factors action. Design/methodology/approach Based on Faraday's law, corrosion current was used as a measure of metal corrosion, and the equivalent conversion relationship between laboratory environment and real service environment was established. The equivalent conversion method for bridge structural steel had been determined under different temperature, humidity, pH value and NaCl concentration conditions. The compilation of environmental spectra for large span bridges considering multiple factors and the principle of equivalent conversion have been proposed. Findings Environmental factors, including temperature, humidity, pH value and NaCl concentration, have significant impact on the corrosion degree of suspension steel wires, and only considering these two factors for equivalent conversion cannot accurately reflect the true service environment of the bridge. The 33.8-h salt spray accelerated corrosion test using the standard conditions can be equivalent to one year of suspenders corrosion in a real service environment. Originality/value The equivalent accelerated corrosion method for steel wires proposed in this study can effectively predict the corrosion degree of the suspenders, which has been verified to be correct and can provide theoretical guidance for the development of corrosion test plans for steel wires and engineering technical basis for anti-corrosion control and calendar life research of suspension bridge suspenders.

Developing Framework for Web Based e-Commerce: Secure-SDLC

Software development usually follows the stages known as the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Development begins with the requirements phase and then continues with the design, development of test plans, implementation (coding), testing, and deployment. However, the security aspect has not been explicitly reflected in SDLC. In fact security must be present at every stage of the SDLC. Application of security in the process of developing software, especially e-Commerce, one of which uses the Security Development Lifecycle-Agile (SDL-Agile) method. The advantage of the SDL-Agile method is the application development process which incorporates a safety factor in each application development process, which is concise, and emphasizes user satisfaction. This objective of this paper examine the deployment of SDL Agile Method for eCommerce website to measure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the systems.

Construction of optimal reliability test plans for multi-state coherent systems of type 1

This research article deals with construction of system based optimal reliability test plans for Multi-state Coherent Systems (MCSs) of Type 1 having states. The development of optimal reliability test plans for the MCS of Type 1 is based on the framework of multivariate counting process and a simple version of the multivariate central limit theorem. It may be noted that four reliability test plans using four combinations of two theoretical decision rules (TDR1, TDR2) and two data based decision rules (DDR1, DDR2), taken one from each category, have been proposed in this paper. Each of these test plans is demonstrated for and for a Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (F-G-M) distribution using (i) a multi-state coherent series system, (ii) a multi-state coherent parallel system, each MCS consisting of two components, and (iii) a combination of series and parallel multi-state coherent system consisting of three components. The reliability test plan constructed using (TDR2, DDR2) combination turns out to be more economical than those constructed using (TDR1, DDR1), (TDR1, DDR2) and (TDR2, DDR1) decision rules.

Qualification of Electric Penetration Assemblies for CAP Series Nuclear Power Plant

Qualification of electric penetration assemblies for CAP series nuclear power plant is introduced, including identification of qualification requirements, selection of representative specimens, development of qualification test plan, and implementation of qualification tests. The main elements of the qualification program are the clauses given in IEEE Std. 317, combined with testing parameters enveloping normal, abnormal and design basis accident operating environment in the CAP series nuclear power plant. In this qualification program, two representative specimens of successfully passed all the design tests and qualified-life tests, and thus the desired safety function and a qualified life of 60 years were demonstrated for the electric penetration assemblies.

Bayesian Binomial Assurance Tests for System Reliability Using Component Data

This paper illustrates the development of Bayesian assurance test plans for system reliability assuming that binomial data will be collected on the system and that previous information is available from component testing. The posterior consumer's and producer's risks are used as the criteria for developing the test plan. Using the previous component information reduces the number of tests needed to achieve the same levels of risk. The proposed methodology is illustrated with two examples.

Multi-relationship evaluation design: Formalization of an automatic test plan generator

The number of intelligent and advanced technologies in the manufacturing, military and homeland security industries is increasing. Evaluating these technologies is a critical step in their development cycle. Test designers have put forth considerable effort in creating methods to accelerate the test-plan development process. The multi-relationship evaluation design (MRED) methodology is an automatic test plan generator. MRED collects multiple inputs, processes them interactively with a test designer and outputs evaluation blueprints that specify key test-plan characteristics. This paper describes MRED's process and presents the mathematical representations used by MRED and the stakeholder preference handling strategy. A robot arm is the example used to demonstrate MRED.

Integrated Procedure Automating Test Chip Layout, Place and Route, and Test Plan Development for Efficient Parametric Device and Process Design

This work describes a novel system for device development that automates and fully integrates the workflow from test chip construction, from placement and routing to electrical test program generation. In addition to accelerating test chip and test program development, this system facilitates parameterized data analysis, thereby providing a framework that finally allows the user to realize the full benefits of complex and elegant experimental device designs. By utilizing a centralized database and eliminating parameter re-entry, the automation provided by this integrated approach eliminates many of the sources for human error while maximizing reuse between technologies.

Error Moderation in Low-Cost Machine-Learning-Based Analog/RF Testing

Machine-learning-based test methods for analog/RF devices have been the subject of intense investigation over the last decade. However, despite the significant cost benefits that these methods promise, they have seen a limited success in replacing the traditional specification testing, mainly due to the incurred test error which, albeit small, cannot meet industrial standards. To address this problem, we introduce a neural system that is trained not only to predict the pass/fail labels of devices based on a set of low-cost measurements, as aimed by the previous machine-learning-based test methods, but also to assess the confidence in this prediction. Devices for which this confidence is insufficient are then retested through the more expensive specification testing in order to reach an accurate test decision. Thus, this two-tier test approach sustains the high accuracy of specification testing while leveraging the low cost of machine-learning-based testing. In addition, by varying the desired level of confidence, it enables the exploration of the tradeoff between test cost and test accuracy and facilitates the development of cost-effective test plans. We discuss the structure and the training algorithm of an ontogenic neural network which is embodied in the neural system in the first tier, as well as the extraction of appropriate measurements such that only a small fraction of devices are funneled to the second tier. The proposed test-error-moderation method is demonstrated on a switched-capacitor filter and an ultrahigh-frequency receiver front end.

Reliability demonstration test planning: A three dimensional consideration

Increasing customer demand for reliability, fierce market competition on time-to-market and cost, and highly reliable products are making reliability testing more challenging task. This paper presents a systematic approach for identifying critical elements (subsystems and components) of the system and deciding the types of test to be performed to demonstrate reliability. It decomposes the system into three dimensions, (i.e. physical, functional and time) and identifies critical elements in the design by allocating system level reliability to each candidate. The decomposition of system level reliability is achieved by using criticality index. The numerical value of criticality index for each candidate is derived based on the information available from failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) document or warranty data from a prior system. It makes use of this information to develop reliability demonstration test plan for the identified (critical) failure mechanisms and physical elements. It also highlights the benefits of using prior information in order to locate critical spots in the design and in subsequent development of test plans. A case example is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach.

LIMS user acceptance testing.

Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) play a key role in the pharmaceutical industry. Thorough and accurate validation of such systems is critical and is a regulatory requirement. LIMS user acceptance testing is one aspect of this testing and enables the user to make a decision to accept or reject implementation of the system. This paper discusses key elements in facilitating the development and execution of a LIMS User Acceptance Test Plan (UATP).

QUALICON: Computer-Based System for Construction Quality Management

This paper describes a computer-based system for construction quality management. The system tasks are derived from the elements of ISO 9001 standard and designed to integrate with other computer-aided project management functions. They can assist management in (1) the definition of requirements/criteria for design, construction, and quality management; (2) the development of inspection and test plans; (3) the tracking of actual inspection/test results; (4) the verification of their conformance to defined criteria; (5) the documentation of past experience in the form of standard templates for assisting the tasks involved; and (6) the generation of reports. A model was defined for representing the information used in the system tasks. The central role of the inspection and test plan representation was exploited to associate to construction components and processes, relevant inspections/tests, requirements/criteria, actual results, and nonconformance analyses. Templates were devised to enable the reuse of predefined packages of information, which recur from project to project. The developed system will render the assisted quality management tasks more effective. Its use was tested on data from different construction domains.

Information system architecture for developing reusable testplans for embedded software

Advanced control strategies and communication are integrated within the embedded controllers utilized for automotive control applications. These systems must be subjected to a thorough quality assurance regimen to ensure that the safety critical requirements have been satisfied. The information system architecture presented in this paper is designed to facilitate this process. The power of data analysis and information processing is utilized for achieving rapid validation and for the development of reusable testplans. Test prioritization and the ability to perform automated test generation are among the other key advantages offered by the system described. All these activities provide the needed synergies for meeting the quality assurance standards within the shorter development cycles required in today's competitive marketplace.

Optimum combined test plans for systems and components

Since mathematical models based on component reliabilities are frequently used for prediction of system reliability, it stands to reason that cost-effective inferences on the reliability of a system could be made on the basis of tests of its constituent components. Prior research in the area of system-based component testing has for the most part addressed the development of plans that test only the components. From a practitioner's point of view, this is an issue of concern since system failures are often caused by imperfect interfaces and other causes that are not directly attributable to component failures. The exclusion of system tests may thus be an erroneous approach. This paper addresses the development of test plans that explicitly consider the possibility of interface failures. The paper analyzes a series system to determine when testing should be performed on the system alone, on the components only, and on both, depending on test costs and interface reliabilities. Optimum test plans are: derived by solving a two-stage mathematical program.

Optimum combined test plans for systems and components

Since mathematical models based on component reliabilities are frequently used for prediction of system reliability, it stands to reason that cost-effective inferences on the reliability of a system could be made on the basis of tests of its constituent components. Prior research in the area of system-based component testing has for the most part addressed the development of plans that test only the components. From a practitioner's point of view, this is an issue of concern since system failures are often caused by imperfect interfaces and other causes that are not directly attributable to component failures. The exclusion of system tests may thus be an erroneous approach. This paper addresses the development of test plans that explicitly consider the possibility of interface failures. The paper analyzes a series system to determine when testing should be performed on the system alone, on the components only, and on both, depending on test costs and interface reliabilities. Optimum test plans are derived by solving a two-stage mathematical program.

The AETG system: an approach to testing based on combinatorial design

This paper describes a new approach to testing that uses combinatorial designs to generate tests that cover the pairwise, triple, or n-way combinations of a system's test parameters. These are the parameters that determine the system's test scenarios. Examples are system configuration parameters, user inputs and other external events. We implemented this new method in the AETG system. The AETG system uses new combinatorial algorithms to generate test sets that cover all valid n-way parameter combinations. The size of an AETG test set grows logarithmically in the number of test parameters. This allows testers to define test models with dozens of parameters. The AETG system is used in a variety of applications for unit, system, and interoperability testing. It has generated both high-level test plans and detailed test cases. In several applications, it greatly reduced the cost of test plan development.

The combinatorial design approach to automatic test generation

The combinatorial design method substantially reduces testing costs. The authors describe an application in which the method reduced test plan development from one month to less than a week. In several experiments, the method demonstrated good code coverage and fault detection ability.

Automated test plan generator for database applications systems

As database applications become larger and more complex, the development of suitable test plans to assure robust and reliable software becomes essential. The testing procedure must establish the applications reliability from the human expectation viewpoint as well as its correctness and robustness.The predetermined goals of this testing procedure are to assure high reliability of the application and ascertain that the software performed according to specifications, while remaining within the project's time and budgetary constraints. Errors identified during development can be corrected with minimal cost when compared to errors uncovered by users after the software release. By overlapping testing with development, and automating the production of a standardized set of test plans, the incremental production time can be minimized. By generating an application specific test plan, syntactic and semantic specifications of the actual system applications can be tested. A side effect of this specific, interleaved correctness testing is the uncovering of user interface inconsistencies and their refinement before exposure of the application to the real end user.Analysis of the results of our experimental testing showed the keystone to be the test plan. Since the completeness and veracity of this document is a prime determining factor in the validity of the testing, we have developed program using C++ on a Sun workstation to automatically generate test plans from the design schema.This paper presents an automated/manual testing scheme suitable for assuring the validity of large database applications. The initial premises, design execution and consequences of the test procedure is detailed followed by a description of the automation of strategic components.

Testing tools (software)

After a brief overview, separate presentations are given on tools that support the testing process in a variety of ways. Some tools simulate the final execution environment as a way of expediting test execution, others automate the development of test plans, and still others collect performance data during execution. The tools address three aspects of the testing process. They provide a controlled environment in which testing can take place as well as test-data control, and some tools actually perform the tests, capturing and organizing the resulting output. The tools covered are: RUTE (Real-Time Unix Text Environment); Xray/DX; TDC (Testing and Debugging Concurrent) Ada; T; Mothra; Specification Analyzer; and Test inc. >

Establishment of "6dB" Criteria for MIL-E-6051c Electro-Magnetic Compatibility Testing of Manned Weapons Systems

This paper deals with Lockheed Engineering Flight Test experience in the preparation of electromagnetic campatibility test plans on F-104G (MAP) and other later model F-104 aircraft. Literal interpretation of MIL-E-6051C as applied to test plan requirements for various types of electronic and electrical systems is covered. Specifically, the establishment of malfunction criteria for several types of systems including electronic, synchro-type, optical, radar, and pyro-technics are expanded upon. Problems in test plan development encountered for each individual system type are discussed, including how the most critical interference point in a particular system is determined; how a "malfunction" is determined; and how the test plan is prepared from the established information. Lockheed believes that the resulting interference test plans were some of the most comehensive ever written for a modern fighter aircraft. Many useful ideas for EMC test plan preparation may be drawn frcam the information presented.