Development Of Telecommunications Research Articles

Problems of digitalization of inland water transport

The article defines the main directions for the formation of a digital platform and the key principles of the goal of implementing digitalization in relation to inland water transport. A systematic approach to the analysis of the problems of digitalization of inland waterway transport is proposed, including a set of graphical and matrix models characterizing this sub-sector of transport and logistics. The main components of the concept "Smart inland water transport" are considered and outlined. Considering this, promising directions for the development of information and telecommunication and intelligent services for inland water transport are formulated. A SWOT analysis of the digitalization of the industry was also carried out, as a result of which management strategies in inland water transport were proposed taking into account the identified strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats. In the final part of paper basic aspects of introduction of active information systems during inland water transport digitalization, structure of such systems and problems of their creation and functioning are considered. The presented models allow us to characterize and visualize the problems of the formation of "end-to-end" technologies of inland water transport, as part of the problems of the digital economy, to outline the directions of integration of information resources and approaches to "expanded" organizations, including all those interested in the implementation of relevant transport services.

OPTIMUM DIMENSIONING OF INTERCONNECTIONS BETWEEN SOME GSM OPERATORS IN NIGERIA USING ERLANG B MODEL

In the research, development, design and operation of telecommunication and computer networks, the important problems are determining the optimum configuration and dimensions of the system’s capacity for providing a given performance or Grade of Service (GoS). It would be uneconomical if exclusive resources such as switching and transmission facilities were dedicated to each customer. Therefore a pool of facilities is provided in common for a number of customers, and thus situations can arise in which a customer has to wait for connection, due to shortage of resources. Hence, it is required to evaluate such GoS quantitatively, and clarify relations between the GoS and the amount as well as configuration of the telecommunications facilities. In this paper, the Erlang B model coupled with Siemens Normal and High Load formulae are used to determine the optimum network capacity based on detailed user behavior and demanded quality of service parameters in an overall telecommunication system. As a benchmark, 18 months teletraffic data for interconnections between Networks A to F in Nigeria was utilized and Microsoft Excel was used for the analysis of the data. The performance level of the system has been calculated according to the International Telecommunications Union Standards (ITU-T) criteria. The results showed a Call Completion Rate (CCR) of 63% and the Answer Seizure Ratio (ASR) of 23% which were below the then standard values of 75% and 55% respectively. The result shows that the interconnections were not optimum. Some were over dimensioned and some were under dimensioned. Comparing with the

Spectrum flexibility and mobile telecommunications development

We study the effects on the mobile telecommunications market from three specific spectrum policies: the presence of a secondary market, a technological neutrality approach, and the possibility of sharing agreements among operators. We find that when these policies are jointly adopted, investment is 35.9% larger than when that is not the case. After two years, network coverage and service penetration can be increased by 9.8% and 0.9%, respectively, and prices can be reduced by 5.8%. When considering an extended period, dynamic effects result in enhanced outcomes. The findings support policies that promote flexible approaches towards spectrum management for mobile development.

О развитии туризма в Синьцзян-Уйгурском автономном районе

Research relevance: Xinjiang has abundant resources for tourism development and can be expected to become an important tourist destination in China in the 21st century. Research objectives: to reveal natural attractions for the development of tourism, including the relief and high mountain ranges and deep depressions in the Xinjiang region. Research methods and materials: article is based on description of natural and cultural sightseeing places for tourists to visit. Research results: tourism development stimulates growth of circulation of monetary and material resources, an increase in employment of the population, influences the development of infrastructure and telecommunications. Conclusions: Tourism is becoming a new point of growth and an important pillar of Xinjiang’s economy.

A Special Issue on Modeling, Dimensioning, and Optimization of 5G Communication Networks, Resources, and Services

Designing, dimensioning, and optimization of communication networks resources and services have been inseparable parts of the development of telecommunications since the very beginning of their existence [...]

Mutlilayer Wedge Disks CROW for an Optical Delay Line

Optical delay lines are vital for the development of all optical telecommunications, optical computers and for many nonlinear and quantum optics processes. Periodic structures such as coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROW) achieve high delays in a compact manner and with a large bandwidth. Wedge disk resonators have demonstrated high quality factors compared to rectangular disks and rings while remaining integrable on chip. Vertical coupling is needed since the optical mode is pushed toward the disk center by the wedge. We propose an optical delay line made of wedge disks arranged in two overlapping layers. Disks are made of silicon dioxide on silicon pillars. Numerical calculations of the device performance and an experimental proof of concept are presented. A maximum delay of 85 ps for eleven disks is achieved with a loss per cavity of 3.91 dB. This is a first proof of concept of a CROW structure made of wedge disk coupled vertically.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PENANAMAN MODAL ASING LANGSUNG DI WILAYAH INDONESIA

Infrastructure is a reflection of a country in running its economy, if a country's infrastructure is weak, it can be ascertained that the economy running in that country is running inefficiently. The objectives of this study include (1) To find out road construction, development of information and telecommunications technology, and the number of transportation facilities will have a partial effect on FDI in every province of Indonesia. (2) To find out road construction, development of information technology and telecommunications, and the number of transportation facilities will have a simultaneous effect on PMA in every province of Indonesia. The data used is secondary data obtained from BPS, with a total of 5 years of observations. The analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis technique. The results show that (1) the number of roads has a positive and significant effect on foreign investment in Indonesia. (2) IP-TIK has a positive and significant effect on foreign investment in Indonesia. (3) The number of motorized vehicles has a positive and insignificant effect on foreign investment in Indonesia.
 
 Keywords: Foreign Investment, Road Construction, Information and Communication Technology Development Index, Number of Motorized Vehicles

Kekuatan Email sebagai Alat Bukti dalam Proses Persidangan Perkara Perdata

With the rapid development of technology and telecommunications, it is easier for someone to send letters via e-mail. This is because the use of e-mail is considered cheap and fast. The purpose of this study is to reveal the proof of the use of e-mail based on the ITE Law and how the power of e-mail in the trial process is related to Article 1866 of the Civil Code. This study uses the type of normative legal research. The raw materials used in this research are primary, secondary, and tertiary. There are two results from this study. First, proof of e-mail as evidence based on the trial of civil cases, the evidence in the form of e-mail can be used in trials regarding the legal aspects of the application of e-mail in enforcing the law. act which then has an impact on the law. Second, the strength of e-mail evidence as a process of proof in the trial when it is associated with Article 164 HIR regarding valid evidence.

ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ И СОЗДАНИЕ ЕДИНОГО ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ РОССИИ И БЕЛАРУСИ (ПРАВОВОЙ АСПЕКТ)

The article is devoted to the legal aspects of two areas of RussianBelarusian integration, which, according to the author, are the most promising: the creation of a digital market and a single educational space. The author states that for various reasons, the state-political forms of Russian-Belarusian integration are difficult. Its drivers are various economic, defense-technical and humanitarian projects. At the present stage, such integration formats that contribute to the transition of the two countries to innovative methods of managing and training personnel are of particular importance. First of all, it is a case of the digitalization of the national infrastructure, and then of the Russian-Belarusian integration space (the development of telecommunications, the introduction of information and computer technologies, etc.). Of no less importance is educational integration, that is, the harmonization of legal, technical, financial and other approaches to the organization of educational processes and joint scientific projects. Finally, it is necessary to pair digitalization and educational integration, which implies, for example, the introduction of joint digital educational platforms. The article considers the legal aspects of the digital and educational integration of the two countries, analyzes the relevant Russian and Belarusian legal framework, and makes forecasts regarding the possibilities of linking digital and educational spaces within the Union State.

A Survey of Game Theoretical Approach in Cognitive Radio Network and 5G-6G Communications

The development of telecommunications, especially wireless communication, requires data transmission at high speed and wide bandwidth to support 5G-6G communication services. For this reason, it is necessary to have a network with adaptive capabilities in managing and improving performance parameters independently through an intelligent radio network system or better known as Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). The use of CRN in several implementations such as Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Network (CRAHN), Cognitive Radio Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (CR-VANET), Intelligent CRN and even 6G-CRN has also been widely used. Another method that is also used to optimize system performance independently is through the Game Theory (GT) approach. Game theory can be implemented on CRN as well as on 5G-6G communications. The use of GT in the CRN system provides improvements in terms of increasing system performance such as reducing interference and bit error rate (BER), increasing throughput and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), power efficiency, increasing utility and resource capacity and being able to achieve convergence or reach the Nash equilibrium state more rapidly. Meanwhile, the use of GT in 5G-6G communication and other technologies are related to the power control, resource allocation, spectrum sharing, channel estimation, channel selection and Quality of Service (QoS) or Quality of Experience (QoE). In general, the use of GT can help to improve the overall performance of a system.

ОСНОВНІ ШЛЯХИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ У СФЕРІ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article examines the issues of digitalization of public administration in the field of economics. It is shown that the structure of public administration can be considered as a closed information circuit, information processing which requires modern technical and software solutions. ICT allows for the rapid collection, processing, analysis of data, transfer between different levels of management and, thus, facilitate the adoption of sound management decisions and their implementation in public life. Information in the digital circuit of public administration not only circulates within it, but also is transmitted to the external economic environment, thus providing three-way electronic communication – between government agencies, public organizations and private entities. The paper analyzes the state of digitalization of the Government of Ukraine in recent years (2012 – 2020) according to the EGDI index, which indicates the readiness of gove It was found that if in previous years the index of Ukraine reached the level of EGDI as “high”, it is only due to such a component as the human capital index. The analysis conducted in the article showed that other components of EGDI – the index of online services and the index of telecommunications infrastructure of Ukraine – are characterized by positive dynamics, which allows us to speak about the active role of the state in the development of these directions. However, if we compare them with the average values of these indices in the European region, we can observe a constant lag of our country in this regard, and the most critical situation is observed in the development of telecommunications infrastructure.rnment agencies to provide services to the population based on the use of ICT. The state of digitalization of the government has been assessed according to another indicator – the EPI e-participation index. For Ukraine, this index has been growing steadily since 2012, and in 2020 Ukraine rose to the level of “very high EPI” (0,8095). It is established that for Ukraine the successful digitalization of public administration in Ukraine, the spread of digital literacy among the population will bring improvements in all spheres of public life and contribute to further political and socio-economic development of the country.

СПОСОБЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КОММУНИКАТИВНОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ В МЕДИАДИСКУРСЕ

Modern life is impossible to imagine without the means of communication and human interaction. Technical means of communication (radio, television, and especially the Internet) has had a great impact on the social, political, economic, cultural and historical characteristics of society, on the mass consciousness of people (participants in communication) and, in turn, on discourse. In other words, the development of telecommunications and information technology has led to the emergence of a special kind of discourse interaction: media discourse. The purpose of this study is to investigate the origin of the concept of «media discourse,» as well as to identify its main specific features. An attempt has also been made to classify media discourse from the perspective of channels of communicative influence on the media-discourse recipient and define them according to the way of communicative influence on the recipient. In the course of the work the authors proposed their own definition of this complex communicative phenomenon and revealed that media discourse is a dialogic and public type of discourse by its structure. Today, this type of discourse is not only the most widespread in terms of the audience that is involved in the media-discursive communicative process, but also perhaps the most influential type of discourse, as it is the media discourse that is directly involved in shaping public opinion. Since media-discursive content is a product of human cognitive and evaluative activity, the recipient should analyze this content using critical discourse-analysis in order to avoid transforming his or her own opinion under the influence of the media. Thus, the study of media discourse is an urgent task for contemporary linguistics and media discourse can be considered as a form of rational human behaviour maintaining optimal order both for micro-collectives and society as a whole.

Sectoral Features of Development and Management Decision-Making at Enterprises in the Communications Sector of Ukraine

The theoretical foundations of the development and adoption of managerial decisions by enterprises in the field of communication are summarized. The scientific work on the content of the conceptual apparatus “management decision” was considered. The practical achievements of the process of developing and making managerial decisions are systematized, taking into account the peculiarities of the activities of enterprises in this field. From these positions, it is proposed to interpret the essence and result of the management decision of enterprises, which is based on the choice of an alternative option and is aimed at overcoming the problematic situation on the basis of complex management, taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of the enterprise. communication companies. This approach will help to effectively manage and expand the capabilities of communication companies. The principles of activity of communication enterprises were considered, and directions and ways of further development of communication enterprises were determined, taking into account the peculiarities of their activity. The expediency of the process of development and management decisions of telecommunications companies has been proven. It was determined that for a comprehensive assessment of management decisions, it is advisable to take into account certain types of effects. Technical, resource, economic and socio-ecological effects are the most significant for communication enterprises. The peculiarities of the development and management decisions of telecommunication companies are substantiated, one of which is the adoption of high-tech decisions aimed at the constant improvement of telecommunication companies, which determines their strategic activity in order to achieve the maximum level of their development. It was determined that their information provision is very important for making effective decisions. The process of development and decision-making is, in fact, an information process based on the processing of formalized and informal information, various data and knowledge. There are five main types of information systems that are necessary to meet the needs of different organizational levels and functional areas of management, namely: business processes, office automation, management information systems, decision support systems, decision support systems. Therefore, for a comprehensive assessment of management decisions, it is advisable to take into account not only the effectiveness of activities, but also individual types of effects. Keywords management decisions, communication enterprise, enterprise management, information, analysis.

ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGY AND CONSUMER ENGAGEMENT IN DIGITAL MEDIA

The era of the industrial revolution has had an impact on the rapid and rapid development of information technology and telecommunications. This causes business competition is also increasingly competitive. Today's media business has transformed into the digital era. This study aims to analyze the Digital Marketing Strategy, implement Digital Marketing as a marketing strategy, how Media Business actors can get and maintain Consumer Engagement. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling method. The informants in this research are three media business actors in Bali which include Nusa Bali, Tribune Bali and Fajar Bali. The results show that Digital Marketing Strategy Analysis in the Digital Media Business is one of the media companies' efforts to deal with changes that occur from conventional to digital. Media Business actors implement Digital Marketing as a marketing strategy and a form of innovation and transformation to continue to exist in the media business. The strategy for Media Business actors to get Consumer Engagement is through transformation into digital media and implementing digital marketing. The strategy of the Media Business actors to maintain Consumer Engagement is to create content that is liked by application organizers and their followers.

Transportation data as a source for identifying social clusters in the city

The digitalization of the transport industry now makes it possible to measure transport behavior quite accurately. Digital payment tools and the development of telecommunications make it possible, in particular, to have complete information about the routes (trips) of passengers in the city. This changes the traditional approach to transport tasks. If earlier the main topic was the forecasting of traffic flows, now the main thing is to highlight the patterns of using the transport system. It is pointless to predict what can be accurately measured. Accordingly, data on the movements of passengers become an indicator of the processes that take place in the city. In fact, transport data act as sensors, the measurements of which reflect the processes in the city system. For example, the distribution of entrances and exits of a particular metro station reflects the mode of use of the adjacent territory - a residential area, office centers, etc. In this paper, we consider the problem of assessing social clusters in a city based on information about the use of metro stations. Information on travel documents (in fact, in the form of payment for the trip) and the frequency of trips are used as the basis for such clustering.

СИСТЕМА ІНДИКАТОРІВ ОЦІНКИ КЛЮЧОВИХ ФАКТОРІВ ВПЛИВУ НА РОЗВИТОК УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ ТЕЛЕКОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The article singles out the key factors influencing the development of risk management of telecommunications enterprises and develops a system of indicators for assessing their impact, which, unlike the existing ones, takes into account the specifics of the field of telecommunications by concepts (financial and economic factors, digitalization factors, environmental and energy factors, intellectualization factors activity) and allows, on the basis of the established level of internal riskiness of activity, to determine the internal capabilities of ensuring the development of risk management of telecommunications enterprises and the possibility of achieving high economic results of their activity. In view of the fact that we proposed to use a wide range of indicators that should be taken into account regarding the level of influence of factors on the development of risk management of telecommunications enterprises, it is proposed to use an integral indicator of the level of internal resistance to the influence of factors on the development of risk management (KFDR), which is formed taking into account of local integrated assessments for each parameter of the influence of factors, respectively, financial and economic factors, factors of digitization, environmental and energy factors, factors of intellectualization of activity. This approach will make it possible to determine the state of certain parameters of influence, with the aim of identifying "bottlenecks" in the company's activities, which will contribute to detailing the process of developing a set of measures of telecommunications enterprises to avoid risks according to certain parameters of the influence of factors on the development of risk management. It was concluded that in the modern development of telecommunications enterprises there is a rather large number of various problems related to ensuring a high level of risk management efficiency. Based on the results of the conducted research, it is proven that the development of risk management of telecommunications enterprises is a key aspect of their activity. Therefore, the use of the proposed system of indicators of the influence of factors on the development of risk management of telecommunications enterprises will allow enterprise managers to correctly determine the vector of management decisions regarding the state of risk management of telecommunications enterprises.

Innovative methods of personnel management of telecommunications enterprises in the digital economy

The article studies the theoretical and methodological provisions for identifying the risks of The article examines the theoretical and methodological provisions of innovative personnel management methods. The prerequisites for the development and implementation of innovative personnel management methods at telecommunications enterprises are outlined. It is noted that qualitative changes in personnel management methods are due to the need for rapid adaptation of enterprises to modern realities. The question of defining the term innovation was considered and it was proposed to expand the classification of innovation for the further development of the personnel management system of telecommunications enterprises in the conditions of the digital economy. It is noted that the sustainable development of telecommunications companies in the conditions of the digital economy depends on the use of an effective personnel management system. It was revealed that the problem of the need to develop innovative methods of personnel management, method selection and its implementation at telecommunications enterprises is promising for study. In addition, the relevance of this topic is growing in the context of events that determine the external environment of telecommunications enterprises of Ukraine and the whole world, as well as in the conditions of the digital economy.

COMPETITIVENESS AS A CONDITION FOR THE FUNCTIONING OF COMPANIES IN THE MODERN ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The article deals with one of the most important issues – the problem of competitiveness in the telecommunications market and its improvement at the current stage. The process of globalization, which requires fierce competition between companies, and the implementation of certain measures aimed at improving the quality of products and expanding services, optimizing costs, increasing profits and improving competitive positions and factors in the telecommunications market, through the introduction of new technologies. The article analyzes the essence of competitiveness and its impact on the market, defines the entity that operates in the market and leads a competitive struggle, transfers the concept of competition to different levels, determines the determining factors and opportunities for the development of telecommunications companies in their market niche. Competitiveness should be a convenient and understandable way for business entities to function on the market and is aimed at ensuring the improvement of the efficiency of the industry where the enterprise operates. At the same time, telecommunication companies should create and develop a favorable internal economic environment to stabilize, stimulate the development of their business and introduce new technologies to expand their market positions. To study the level of competitiveness of the object, different assessment criteria should be used, which are the basis for calculating individual and group indicators. The article analyzes the measures that must be taken by leading companies in the telecommunications market to improve and maintain their competitive positions through innovative development and introduction of new technologies.

GLOBAL CONNECTIVTY REPORT 2022. CHAPTER 1. UNIVERSAL AND MEANINGFUL CONNECTIVITY: THE NEW IMPERATIVE

In the 30 years since the creation of the ITU Telecommunication Development Sector in 1992, the number of Internet users surged from a few million to almost five billion. This trend has enabled a digital transformation that has been, and is, transforming our societies and our economies. Yet the potential of the Internet for social and economic good remains largely untapped: one-third of humanity (2.9 billion people) remains offline and many users only enjoy basic connectivity. Universal and meaningful connectivity – defined as the possibility of a safe, satisfying, enriching, productive, and affordable online experience for everyone – has become the new imperative for the 2020-2030 Decade of Action to deliver on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Global Connectivity Report 2022 takes stock of the progress in digital connectivity over the past three decades. It provides a detailed assessment of the current state of connectivity and how close the world is to achieving universal and meaningful connectivity, using a unique analytical framework. It goes on to showcase solutions and good practices to accelerate progress. This article presents a short version of the report (Part I).

Optimization of Low Site Density Area for 4G Network in Urban City

The development of telecommunications is currently growing rapidly, especially in urban areas. To obtain optimal data services for users, the performances of 4G network services must continue to be optimized. It is known that many users are scattered in urban areas, but sometimes it is not balanced with an even distribution of the site in this area. This condition occurs because the distribution of the site is not evenly optimal distributed, either due to licensing constraints, limited land access for site development, or in terms of plans that have not been made. Balanced with the requirement of a 4G network, which is required, this "empty space" condition or low site density condition must find a solution or optimize it. Many optimization methods can optimize the area with low site density possibility. This study will optimize the area by adding a new site proposal based on coverage planning. We need to analyze Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) coverage signal distribution using Atoll Planning Software. After optimization, the RSRP level below or equal -80 dBm increased from 75.195% to 94.08%. Furthermore, the percentage calculation for inadequate coverage (below -80 dBm) decreased from 24.816% to 5.931%. This RSRP signal level also shows that the condition after optimization with a new site can improve the signal level condition from areas with low site density possibility.