Development Of System Research Articles

Milk Fat Globule Membranes for Mental Health across the Human Lifespan

The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) contains bioactive proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Polar lipids found in the MFGM play a critical role in maintaining cell membrane integrity and neuronal signalling capacity, thereby supporting brain health. This review summarises the literature on the MFGM and its phospholipid constituents for improvement of mental health across three key stages of the human lifespan, i.e., infancy, adulthood, and older age. MFGM supplementation may improve mental health by reducing neuroinflammation and supporting neurotransmitter synthesis through the gut–brain axis. Fortification of infant formula with MFGMs is designed to mimic the composition of breastmilk and optimise early gut and central nervous system development. Early behavioural and emotional development sets the stage for future mental health. In adults, promising results suggest that MFGMs can reduce the negative consequences of situational stress. Preclinical models of age-related cognitive decline suggest a role for the MFGM in supporting brain health in older age and reducing depressive symptoms. While there is preclinical and clinical evidence to support the use of MFGM supplementation for improved mental health, human studies with mental health as the primary target outcome are sparce. Further high-quality clinical trials examining the potential of the MFGM for psychological health improvement are important.

A global gene regulatory program and its region-specific regulator partition neurons into commissural and ipsilateral projection types.

Understanding the genetic programs that drive neuronal diversification into classes and subclasses is key to understand nervous system development. All neurons can be classified into two types: commissural and ipsilateral, based on whether their axons cross the midline or not. However, the gene regulatory program underlying this binary division is poorly understood. We identified a pair of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, Nhlh1 and Nhlh2, as a global transcriptional mechanism that controls the laterality of all floor plate-crossing commissural axons in mice. Mechanistically, Nhlh1/2 play an essential role in the expression of Robo3, the key guidance molecule for commissural axon projections. This genetic program appears to be evolutionarily conserved in chick. We further discovered that Isl1, primarily expressed in ipsilateral neurons within neural tubes, negatively regulates the Robo3 induction by Nhlh1/2. Our findings elucidate a gene regulatory strategy where a conserved global mechanism intersects with neuron class-specific regulators to control the partitioning of neurons based on axon laterality.

Financially focused 3E optimization of innovative solar-powered dual-temperature refrigeration systems: Balancing cost-effectiveness with environmental sustainability

This research delves into the cutting-edge realm of solar-powered dual-temperature refrigeration, adhering to the 3E model emphasizing Energy, Economic, and Environmental considerations with a key focus on financial optimization. The study investigates the implementation of advanced refrigeration technologies, notably the integration of supercritical CO2 and ammonia cycles, tailored for dual-temperature applications. A distinctive aspect of this research is the strategic use of excess thermal energy, enhancing the efficiency of the refrigeration systems under varied climatic conditions. Central to the study is a thorough economic analysis aimed at reducing the Levelized Cost of Cooling (LCOC), while simultaneously enhancing the overall efficiency of the system. With the aid of the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, the system is modeled and the preliminary results indicate a promising decrease in cooling expenses (reaching to 90.25 $/GJ) alongside an increase in system efficiency (an improved efficiency of 33.17 %), with the total Coefficient of Performance (COP) demonstrating a significant advancement over traditional refrigeration models. This research underscores the effectiveness of harnessing solar energy in refrigeration technologies, contributing to financially viable and environmentally responsible cooling solutions. It provides valuable insights for the future development of refrigeration systems, which are both economically and environmentally sustainable.

LoRa Network-based IoT Node for indoor environment monitoring

The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), just by its name, presents itself as a network of physical objects, which are incorporated into a vast array of sensors, software, and any other type of technology, with the purpose of connecting and exchanging information with other devices and systems via the Internet. As we know it, the IoT is present in a wide range of devices ranging from simple household objects to complex tools spread across all sectors of industry. The means of communication used in IoT devices is based on Long Range (LoRa) technology. This technology stands out for its ability to operate with low energy consumption, which is vital for the use of IoT devices since they run on batteries. This paper will look at the development of an indoor space monitoring system based on an IoT Node made up of sensors supported by the LoRa network. To achieve the objectives, an in-depth study of the technology used in LoRa networks is carried out, followed by a presentation of the system's architecture and then the various tests carried out in indoor spaces to assess the functioning of both the sensors and the network itself. During the work, numerous tests were carried out over extended periods, which will be duly detailed throughout the document. These are used to ensure the stability of the monitoring system and gauge the environmental status of the space where it is installed.

Wearable-Based Integrated System for In-Home Monitoring and Analysis of Nocturnal Enuresis

Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is involuntary bedwetting during sleep, typically appearing in young children. Despite the potential benefits of the long-term home monitoring of NE patients for research and treatment enhancement, this area remains underexplored. To address this, we propose NEcare, an in-home monitoring system that utilizes wearable devices and machine learning techniques. NEcare collects sensor data from an electrocardiogram, body impedance (BI), a three-axis accelerometer, and a three-axis gyroscope to examine bladder volume (BV), heart rate (HR), and periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS). Additionally, it analyzes the collected NE patient data and supports NE moment estimation using heuristic rules and deep learning techniques. To demonstrate the feasibility of in-home monitoring for NE patients using our wearable system, we used our datasets from 30 in-hospital patients and 4 in-home patients. The results show that NEcare captures expected trends associated with NE occurrences, including BV increase, HR increase, and PLMS appearance. In addition, we studied the machine learning-based NE moment estimation, which could help relieve the burdens of NE patients and their families. Finally, we address the limitations and outline future research directions for the development of wearable systems for NE patients

Ameliorative delivery of docetaxel and curcumin using PEG decorated lipomers: A cutting-edge in-vitro/ in-vivo appraisal

The development of a PEG-decorated lipid-polymer hybrid system camouflaged with natural and synthetic chemotherapeutic moieties is an influential approach melding the biomimetic properties of long-circulating vesicles to utilize different mechanisms to dwindle the tumor growth. Therefore, a safe and efficient lipid-coated nano-particulate system (LCNPs) was proposed to investigate the in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo demeanors of such amalgamation.Docetaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticles (DTX-NPs) were prepared by solvent evaporation while curcumin liposomes were mapped out using the film hydration method. Physicochemical characterizations were executed in terms of size, surface morphology, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In-vitro cytotoxicity was effectuated using MCF-7 cell line. Hemolysis, erythrocyte aggregation and acute in-vivo toxicity were carried out to establish the biocompatibility. The hydrodynamic diameters of samples were in the nano-range and corresponded to the findings of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The absence of distinctive peaks of DTX-NPs in FTIR and DSC analysis of LCNPs depicts the shielding of the lipid bilayer over the nanoparticle. Cytotoxicity induced by the LCNPs represented the efficient delivery of cargo to the tumor cells. LCNPs also exhibited the least toxicity under ex-vivo and in-vivo circumstances compared to free drugs. Additionally, histological studies showed no evidence of substantial necrosis. Additionally, histological studies showed no evidence of notable necrosis.

Review of the high bed–low ditch system as an alternative to lowland paddy in tropical and subtropical Asia

Many forms of traditional raised bed systems could be found around the world. Several of them have been identified as Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) sites by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Unlike traditional raised bed systems with similar structures in the Americas, the high bed–low ditch (HBLD) system in tropical and subtropical Asia, which is originated and developed from rice production, has been playing an important role in enhancing food security and maintaining farmer livelihood for centuries. Moreover, products provided by HBLD system are not only important for the livelihood of the local farmers, but also important for people living in the nearby towns and cities especially for vegetable and fruit supply. In this system, the ditches or sunken beds can be used to lower the groundwater table, retain nutrients and soil particles washed from the bed, grow rice or aquatic vegetables, and raise fish or shrimp. The HBLD system can also help to reduce salinity in coastal lowlands due to the presence of ditches. The raised beds can be used to grow various upland crops. Compared with rice monocropping, the adoption of HBLD system significantly improves the cropping intensity, productivity, employment, and income of farmers. Famers’ long-term practices fully demonstrate that this system is a type of sustainable agriculture with strong adaptability to the changes of natural environment. However, it should also be noted that the large-scale development of HBLD systems is not simply dependent on natural conditions, but is also determined by specific socioeconomic factors, such as good transportation facilities, a well market system, and a sufficient supply of labor. As a model of equilibrium between food production and high levels of biodiversity maintenance, the HBLD system is an important agricultural heritage system with global significance, and it should be well preserved and utilized in new ways to realize its important multiple functions under conditions of rapid urbanization in lowland and coastal regions.

Development and analysis of a practical absorption air conditioning system employing waste heat recovered from vehicle exhaust

Development and analysis of a practical absorption air conditioning system employing waste heat recovered from vehicle exhaust

Characterization and Modernization of the Depositional System in Modern Ebinur Lake Basin, Northwest China

The Ebinur Lake Basin is a typical terrestrial sedimentary Basin in Northwest China that has developed a piedmont distributive fluvial system (DFS) sedimentary environment, lake sedimentary environment, and desert sedimentary environment. The Ebinur Lake receives the sediments carried by the rivers in the basin and is the regional sedimentary center. In this study, a division scheme of modern sedimentary system tracts in the Ebinur Lake Basin was proposed. According to the landform, sedimentary environment, structure, and sedimentary system types, the Ebinur Lake Basin was divided into five system tracts. The area with high altitude and steep gradients mainly develops the rapid sedimentary system DFS, and the area with the lowest altitude in the region develops the lake sedimentary system. The main action area of climate drought and wind field is the dune sedimentary area. The wind field under the influence of hydrological climate and geomorphology has an important influence on the distribution of the sedimentary system tract. The structure determines the development of different types of sedimentary systems by controlling the topographic fluctuation and sedimentary space. Hydroclimate and geomorphology affect the development of sedimentary systems by controlling the sediment source rate in the sedimentary area. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and distribution of the modern sedimentary system in the Ebinur Lake Basin, a method for determining the level of the sedimentary system of the Ebinur Lake was established together with a plane model of the sedimentary system of the Ebinur Lake, which provides a reference for the study of the sedimentary system of continental basins.

A redox homeostasis disruptor based on a biodegradable nanoplatform for ultrasound (US) imaging-guided high-performance ferroptosis therapy of tumors

ABSTRACT The synergistic disruption of intracellular redox homeostasis through the combination of ferroptosis/gas therapy shows promise in enhancing the antitumor efficacy. However, the development of an optimal delivery system encounters significant challenges, including effective storage, precise delivery, and controlled release of therapeutic gas. In this study, we propose the utilization of a redox homeostasis disruptor that is selectively activated by the tumor microenvironment (TME), in conjunction with our newly developed nanoplatforms (MC@HMOS@Au@RGD), for highly efficient ferroptosis therapy of tumors. The TME-triggered degradation of HMOS initiates the release of MC and AuNPs from the MC@HMOS@Au@RGD nanoplatform. The released MC subsequently reacts with endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and H+ to enable the on-demand release of CO gas, leading to mitochondrial damage. Simultaneously, the released AuNPs exhibit GOx-like activity, catalyzing glucose to generate gluconic acid and H2O2. This process not only promotes the decomposition of MnCO to enhance CO production but also enhances the Fenton-like reaction between Mn2+ and H2O2, generating ROS through the modulation of the H+ and H2O2-enriched TME. Moreover, the generation of CO bubbles enables the monitoring of the ferroptosis treatment process through ultrasound (US) imaging. The efficacy of our prepared MC@HMOS@Au@RGD disruptors in ferroptosis therapy is validated through both in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Development and validation of a SCORing systEm for pre-thrombectomy diagnosis of IntraCranial Atherosclerotic Disease (Score-ICAD)

BackgroundEarly identification of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) may impact the management of patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We sought to develop and validate a scoring system for pre-thrombectomy diagnosis of...

A Review on the State of the Art in Copter Drones and Flight Control Systems

This paper presents an overview on the state of the art in copter drones and their components. It starts by providing an introduction to unmanned aerial vehicles in general, describing their main types, and then shifts its focus mostly to multirotor drones as the most attractive for individual and research use. This paper analyzes various multirotor drone types, their construction, typical areas of implementation, and technology used underneath their construction. Finally, it looks at current challenges and future directions in drone system development, emerging technologies, and future research topics in the area. This paper concludes by highlighting some key challenges that need to be addressed before widespread adoption of drone technologies in everyday life can occur. By summarizing an up-to-date survey on the state of the art in copter drone technology, this paper will provide valuable insights into where this field is heading in terms of progress and innovation.

The Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 on Behavior and Brain Function in Broilers Infected by Clostridium perfringens

Poultry studies conducted on Clostridium perfringens (CP) mainly focus on the effects of intestinal health and productive performance. Notably, the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (BaSC06) is known to play a role in preventing bacterial infection. However, whether CP could induce the changes in brain function and behaviors and whether BaSC06 could play roles in these parameters is yet to be reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BaSC06 on stress-related behaviors and gene expression, as well as the brain morphology and mRNA sequence of the hypothalamus in broiler chickens. A total of 288 one-day-old chicks were randomly divided into four groups: (1) a control group with no treatment administered or infection; (2) birds treated with the BaSC06 group; (3) a CP group; and (4) a BaSC06 plus CP (Ba_CP) group. The results showed that stress and fear-related behaviors were significantly induced by a CP infection and decreased due to the treatment of BaSC06. CP infection caused pathological damage to the pia and cortex of the brain, while BaSC06 showed a protective effect. CP significantly inhibited hypothalamic GABA and promoted HTR1A gene expression, while BaSC06 promoted GABA and decreased HTR1A gene expression. The different genes were nearly found between the comparisons of control vs. Ba group and Ba vs. CP group, while there were a great number of different genes between the comparisons of control vs. Ba_CP as well as CP vs. Ba_CP. Several different gene expression pathways were found that were related to disease, energy metabolism, and nervous system development. Our results will help to promote poultry welfare and health, as well as provide insights into probiotics to replace antibiotics and reduce resistance in the chicken industry.

Fullstack Implementation Using Angular Framework and Springboot in the Participant Admission Information System New Education (PPDB) (RA DAARUN Case Study - NISAA)

RA DAARUN-NISAA is an educational institution situated in a specific area in Bandung. It annually admits new students. This university attracts many fans due to its engaging learning system that prevents students from feeling bored and its rigorous teaching system. Nevertheless, the admission process at RA DAARUN-NISA is still carried out manually. Due to the absence of a student admission data management system, the incoming data has yet to be integrated into the system. Since the student admission process has yet to be digitized, there are still instances of duplicate data. Consequently, the operator must manually organize the data before inputting it into the central system. A design for an information system to accommodate new students was developed based on the issues identified in the research findings. The research methodology employed in this thesis is the descriptive analysis method. The system development method employed is the SDLC (Software et al.) method, which utilizes a waterfall model. The system was designed utilizing the Angular framework for the front end and Springboot for the back end, with PostgreSQL as the database. The research concludes that an information system has been developed at RA DAARUN-NISAA to facilitate the registration process for new students. This system allows prospective students to register more efficiently while enabling direct management and minimization of data during the registration process. the duplicate. Recommendations for researching student admission information systems involve creating and maintaining a system that operates efficiently and at its highest potential.

Development of a Competency-Based Assessment Framework for High School Home Economics

The dual aims of this study were i) to explore the effectiveness of an assessment method that can measure the competencies learned through high school home economics and ii) develop a competency-based assessment framework for high school home economics, including components of competency-based assessment, item development system, and other elements. The study involved the following stages: literature analysis, draft development, concretization, validity verification, and final version. Based on the results of the literature analysis and expert deliberation, a competency-based assessment framework for high school home economics was developed which comprised three dimensions: ‘core idea’ × ‘process’ × ‘context and value’. Based on this, an item analysis table was presented to systematize various activities for the competency-based assessment of high school home economics, following which a holistic rubric suitable for competency assessment tasks was proposed by referring to the newly developed ‘process’ dimension assessment criteria. This study is significant in that it is the first to propose a competency-based assessment framework that systematically presents a variety of assessment activities. These will facilitate the development of assessment standards and tools that teachers can refer to or trust in the changing school environment due to the introduction of the standard-based assessment system based on a high school credit system, and the guarantee of a minimum achievement level.

A new ring fixator system for automated bone fixation.

In the field of orthopaedics, external fixators are commonly employed for treating extremity fractures and deformities. Computer-assisted systems offer a promising and less error-prone treatment alternative to manual fixation by utilising a software to plan treatments based on radiological and clinical data. Nevertheless, existing computer-assisted systems have limitations and constraints. This work represents the culmination of a project aimed at developing a new automatised fixation system and a corresponding software to minimise human intervention and associated errors, and the developed system incorporates enhanced functionalities and has fewer constraints compared to existing systems. The automatised fixation system and its graphical user interface (GUI) demonstrate promising results in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability. The developed fixation system and its accompanying GUI represent an improvement in computer-assisted fixation systems. Future research may focus on further refining the system and conducting clinical trials.

The Critical Roles of a Mathematics Specialist in Establishing Effective, Coordinated Professional Development Systems

ABSTRACT For nearly three decades, mathematics research has indicated the need for high-quality mathematics instruction including both ambitious and equitable practices, as well as continuous, innovative learning opportunities for educators. Teaching practices and standards for mathematical practice have been identified to provide guidance. While research connects effective professional development (PD) to improved instructional practices, there is a need for additional research on the role mathematics specialists play in developing and sustaining PDs. This qualitative case study examined the multiple roles of a specialist while laying the foundational components for a coordinated PD system to improve and strengthen mathematics teaching and learning in elementary classrooms. The PD efforts included the implementation of a teacher subsystem where a specialist led all components consisting of pull-out PD, mathematics coaching, collaborative time, and teacher networks. This study took place at a rural, pre-K through fourth-grade school in a southeastern state. Analysis of the data identified the specialist’s key roles in each component of the teacher subsystem. The results indicated that the development and implementation of a teacher subsystem impacts the overall effectiveness of PD. Findings serve as a foundation for specialists to design and implement coordinated efforts that can have positive impacts on the teaching and learning of mathematics.

Carbon Emission Measurement Method of Regional Power System Based on LSTM-Attention Model

With the acceleration of the green and low-carbon transformation of the power system, it is very important to calculate and analyze the carbon emissions of the urban power system. In order to effectively grasp the carbon emission distribution of power system and reduce the carbon emission of power system, this paper proposes a systematic carbon emission measurement method for regional power system. Firstly, the quantitative analysis model of driving factors for regional power system carbon emissions is constructed, and the direction and measures of low-carbon transformation and green collaborative development of regional power system are proposed. Secondly, energy consumption scenarios under different constraints are established to support the collaborative control path of CO2. It provides key data and a theoretical basis for the low-carbon development of the power industry. Finally, a systematic carbon emission measurement method based on LSTM-Attention is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an example analysis, and the effective path of carbon emission reduction in the future is analyzed.

The profile of steroid hormones in human fetal and adult ovaries.

Reproduction in women is at risk due to exposure to chemicals that can disrupt the endocrine system during different windows of sensitivity throughout life. Steroid hormone levels are fundamental for the normal development and function of the human reproductive system, including the ovary. This study aims to elucidate steroidogenesis at different life-stages in human ovaries. We have developed a sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method for 21 important steroid hormones and measured them at different life stages: in media from cultures of human fetal ovaries collected from elective terminations of normally progressing pregnancy and in media from adult ovaries from Caesarean section patients, and follicular fluid from women undergoing infertility treatment. Statistically significant differences in steroid hormone levels and their ratios were calculated with parametric tests. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore clustering of the ovarian-derived steroidogenic profiles. Comparison of the 21 steroid hormones revealed clear differences between the various ovarian-derived steroid profiles. Interestingly, we found biosynthesis of both canonical and "backdoor" pathway steroid hormones and corticosteroids in first and second trimester fetal and adult ovarian tissue cultures. 17α-estradiol, a less potent naturally occurring isomer of 17β-estradiol, was detected only in follicular fluid. PCA of the ovarian-derived profiles revealed clusters from: adult ovarian tissue cultures with relatively high levels of androgens; first trimester and second trimester fetal ovarian tissue cultures with relatively low estrogen levels; follicular fluid with the lowest androgens, but highest corticosteroid, progestogen and estradiol levels. Furthermore, ratios of specific steroid hormones showed higher estradiol/ testosterone and estrone/androstenedione (indicating higher CYP19A1 activity, p < 0.01) and higher 17-hydroxyprogesterone/progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone /androstenedione (indicating higher CYP17A1 activity, p < 0.01) in fetal compared to adult ovarian tissue cultures. Human ovaries demonstrate de novo synthesis of non-canonical and "backdoor" pathway steroid hormones and corticosteroids. Elucidating the steroid profiles in human ovaries improves our understanding of physiological, life-stage dependent, steroidogenic capacity of ovaries and will inform mechanistic studies to identify endocrine disrupting chemicals that affect female reproduction.

Urban landscape sustainability in karst mountainous cities: A landscape resilience perspective

In the context of the rapid progress of global urbanization, the massive encroachment of social landscapes into ecological and productive landscapes has led to a series of environmental problems. Furthermore, analyzing the landscape resilience could effectively reveal the sustainable development ability of the urban landscape. This study establishes a social-ecological productive landscape resilience (SEPLR) evaluation system and reveals trade-offs and synergies between different landscape types and resilience. Finally, this study provides landscape management zonings based on the spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics of landscape resilience and subsystem resilience. The findings showed that: (1) The CUAG has significant landscape heterogeneity and change drastically, which is mainly manifested by the massive encroachment of social landscape into productive landscape. (2) The SEPLR of CUAG decreased slightly by 0.75 % over the decade, with significant changes of spatial distribution. (3) The comprehensive remediation areas and social development areas are the dominant management zones. The findings could be incorporated into the decision-making of land use trade-off development in CUAG to promote the coordinated development of social-ecological productive systems and improve the sustainability of urban landscape.