Development Of Controllers For Systems Research Articles

SHOPPING MALL PREMISES SCADA-MICROCLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to the shopping malls technological processes of heating, air conditioning and ventilation control studying. In order to develop a shopping mall microclimate control automated system temperature, humidity and ventilation control laws were analysed. Literature review shows that current microclimate control systems are not energy efficient and the usage of supervisory control and data acquisition systems can provide information of the current system state and decrease energy consumption. It is stated that using SCADA-system helps to reduce equipment operating costs by collecting and processing real-time information and implementing new energy-efficient control laws. To achieve this goal, the existing microclimate control systems were analysed. It was determined that these systems can be improved by using the SCADA system. Current implementations of shopping malls control parameters are investigated. Based on investigated control parameters the requirements of SCADA-systems construction were received. It was shown that the developed control system simplifies shopping malls microclimate control system construction, control object identification and energy-efficient control algorithms implementation. An overview of temperature and humidity processes in the shopping malls control algorithms was made. The list of input-output parameters of ventilation system control has been made. Using these parameters, the structural scheme of connection was built. The equipment of an automated control system is described. Operator visualization for microclimate parameters tracking have been developed. Visualizations of the authorization, room selection and setting control settings have been designed. The practical significance of the study lies in the hardware and software system control development.

Robustness Analysis of an Optimized Controller via Particle Swarm Algorithm

This paper deals with an evaluation on the effectiveness of the robust controller in terms of its robustness towards the changes in the electro-hydraulic actuator (EHA) system parameters. It is well known that the defects exposed in this system are the existence of disturbances, parameters variation, and uncertainties in nature that yielding great difficulties in the development of system controller and the modelling of EHA system. Such difficulties simultaneously vitiating system performance and imposed if inappropriate control strategy is employed. A nonlinear EHA system model is established and the proposed controller which is sliding mode controller (SMC) is implemented in the simulation studies. The proposed control strategy has been compared with the conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller concerning its robustness characteristic with the variation in the system supply pressure in which the controller variables are obtained through particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The finding shows that the SMC that utilized the PSO algorithm parameters are capable to produce smaller robustness index values, which demonstrated better robustness characteristic in confront with the variation of the system parameter.

Stack Cooling Profile of an Air-Cooled 3-Cell Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Stack

A locally designed, 3-cell closed cathode PEM fuel cell stack was developed as a platform for thermal engineering studies. Stack polarization behavior is combined with thermal behavior analysis to identify the cooling profiles of an air-cooled fuel cell stack under variable load and cooling settings. The objective of the study is to identify the bulk thermal effects of the stack under cooling for further consideration in fuel cell system control development. The stack is designed with 40 cooling channels and tests were conducted with airflows in the range between 200 and 400 Reynolds number. Different fan settings are applied to analyze the response of the design to negative and positive pressure airflows. The temperature measurements are translated into an averaged stack temperature and a subsequent second order thermal analysis showed that an exponential cooling trend is obtained. Analytical evaluation on the dynamic cooling rates relative to response time and cooling trend is also performed and reported.

Development of System Control for Fuel Cell Rapid Warm-up Operation below Freezing

Development of System Control for Fuel Cell Rapid Warm-up Operation below Freezing

VHDL-AMS Full Hybrid Vehicle Simulation Model for the Concept Planning and the Power Performance and Fuel Economy Estimation results

By VHDL-AMS (IEC61691-6, IEEE1076.1) Full vehicle simulation, the fuel economy, the effect of heat energy recovery from the exhaust gas, and the power performance were discussed. The basic model performance was validated by PRIUS. The fuel economy for the LA#4 driving pattern was 22.0km/L by the simulation and on other hand measurement was 21.7km/L (error 1.4%). The energy management using an exhaust gas heat exchange system realized 10.3% fuel consumption improvement during warming up. As for the power performance, the simulated acceleration time of 0-100km/h was 11.12sec and the measured vehicle time was 11.27sec. The error between simulation and actual measurement result was 1.4%. We showed that the multi-domain full vehicle simulation is effective for the vehicle concept planning. Since the HV model uses embedded real control software, the VHDL-AMS modeling can be used as SIL at system control development stage.

Development of System Control for Rapid Warm-up Operation of Fuel Cell

Development of System Control for Rapid Warm-up Operation of Fuel Cell

A novel computer-controlled conditioned avoidance apparatus for rats

Described and evaluated here is a newly designed apparatus for the assessment of conditioned avoidance response (CAR) performance in rats. The system is computer-assisted using a design and system control development package based on the virtual instrument concept (LabView). The program, which allows for significant flexibility, greatly facilitated and simplified the process of timing and data acquisition. The apparatus was found effective and appropriately designed for CAR performance training, as well as for a reliable assessment of the effects of antipsychotic and potentially antipsychotic compounds on CAR in rats. The design presents a new, effective, and inexpensive option for laboratories involved in animal behavioral research.

An icon-based approach to system control development

The implementation of an icon-based manufacturing message specification (MMS) messaging system for system control in a manufacturing automation protocol (MAP environment) is described. The system was designed with a four-layer hierarchy. The top layer acts as a user interface and essentially provides a data manipulation service. The next layer invokes the appropriate firmware calls to manage the communication process. The third layer consists of the firmware that handles the actual transmission of data across the network. The lowest level is the actual network hardware. Twelve MMS services were implemented in order to provide the capability to carry out a typical control session. The system was tested using software that simulates the external communications of an MMS virtual manufacturing device. The LabVIEW MAP environment used imposed at least two limitations on the operation of the system. First, LabVIEW makes no provision for data structures; therefore, each parameter had to be passed from the MMS layer to the code VI layer as a variable of a specific data type. Second, LabVIEW provides no convenient way to maintain global variables throughout a diagram. >

Integrating knowledge-based systems into operations at the McMaster University FN Tandem Accelerator Laboratory

The development of an accelerator operators' companion, which incorporates a knowledge-based front-end that is tuned to user operational expertise is described. The front-end also provides connections to traditional software packages such as database and spreadsheet programs. Two prototype implementations are presented. The importance of modifying expert procedures when a multitasking environment is involved, as discovered during work on the back-end (that is, during real-time expert system control development), is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Development of System Control in the State Electricity Commission of Victoria

The paper describes the philosophy underlying the development of control facilities in the transmission network of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria with particular reference to the salient features proposed for the new System Control Centre.

Directions of research in control

A control system is defined as a dynamic system which keeps some of its variables within certain bounds by means of the complexity of some part of the system. It is argued that control systems were degenerately simple, but that control is now evolving in directions of greater and greater complexity. A critical review of this development is given. It is concluded that present control theory relies on over-simplified mathematical models and is remote from contemporary practice, which is largely empirical. Two general directions for control research are deduced: (a) an attempt to put the theory of simple single-variable control systems on a realistic basis; (b) empirical development of controllers for systems of the next stages of complexity.