Development Of Syn Research Articles

Prospects of innovative functional foods based on biologically active dietary supplement (BADS) "VITAZAR"

The development of syn- and metabiotics is one of the most important technological lines of reserch in the production of functional foods. The positive effect of these products is achieved by the addition of enrichment components into the formulations that provide selective stimulation of the of intestinal normal flora's growth or activates it’s metabolic activity. In this regard, scientific and practical interest seem to study the possibility of expanding the range of synbiotic products containing not less than107 CFU / ml of the probiotic microorganisms on the dairy, vegetable-dairy (protein-free milk), or only on the plant-based medium without dairy ingredients. In the research work we have studied the conditions for the accumulation of biomass of probiotic microorganisms consortium, consisting of L. casei subsp. Rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. fermentum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis on nutrient mediums containing 1-20 % wheat germ flour Vitazar. The quantitative assessment of the accumulation of probiotic microflora biomass and its metabolites in milk-vitazar based, whey- vitazar based, water-vitazar based nutrient mediums has been carried out . The concentration of Lactobacterium and Bifidobacterium in active form in quantity of 109 CFU / ml has been reached. It was found out that Vitazar, being a source of dietary fibers and a wide range of carbohydrates, is capable to support the growth of Lactobacterium and Bifidobacterium, forming the favorable environment. The accumulation of probiotic microflora has been observed by the increasing of titratable acidity due to lactose fermentation by β-galactosidase, produced by microorganisms of the consortium. The main stages of the process of the accumulation microbiomass have been identified in the study of the kinetics of the fermentation process. The derived fermented pastes, containing 20 % and 30 % Vitazar are recommended as a component of formulations of functional products.

Phytochemicals for Diabetes Management

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder resulting from either insulin insufficiency or insulin dysfunc- tion. Diabetes mellitus affects most of the people in both developed and developing countries. The treatment of diabetes with synthetic drugs is costly and chances of side effects are high. Phytomedicine has been used since ancient times in various parts of the world where access to modern medicine is limited. Medicinal plants and phytoconstituents play an important role in the management of diabetes mellitus especially in developing countries where resources are meagre. Phytochemicals identified from medicinal plants present an exciting opportunity for the development of new types of therapeutics for diabetes mellitus. Most prevalent among phytochemical groups are the alkaloids, glycosides, polysaccha- rides, and phenolics such as flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids. Despite considerable progress in the development of syn- thetic drugs, the discovery of phytomedicine as an alternative therapy is progressing. This article aims to provide a com- prehensive review on various plant species from globe and their constituents, which have been shown to display potent hypoglycemic activity.

The Sudbury dyke swarm and its bearing on the tectonic development of the Grenville Front, Ontario, Canada

In the Southern Province, Ontario, southeast-striking diabase dykes of the 1235 Ma Sudbury continental swarm intrude folded Huronian strata and Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic plutons. The dykes are truncated at the Grenville Front, southeast of which irregularly oriented metadiabase dykes, correlative in age and chemical composition with the Sudbury swarm, cut gneissic fabrics in the Grenville Province. Some irregularities in dyke trend, including marked deflections in strike at and southeast of the Grenville Front mylonite zone, are primary features, resulting from dyke propagation across pre-existing structure and an associated change in paleostress field. However, other irregularities, in particular the markedly sinuous traces of many dykes, analogous to classic buckle fold forms, are attributable to superimposed (Grenvillian) deformation. The deformation history of the dykes is constrained by a distinctive sequence of macroscopic and microscopic structures. Early deformation, related to northwest-southeast compression and accompanying overthrusting, resulted in layer-parallel shortening and buckling of the dykes in a regime with elements of both pure and simple shear, a process accommodated internally by alignment, bending and kinking of plagioclase and other primary minerals. Coeval metamorphism, manifested by reaction coronas around primary olivine and Fe-Ti oxide, outlasted early deformation. A later period of deformation resulted in tightening of the buckle folds, superseded by faulting, in response to further strain accumulation. The equivalent microscopic-scale structures are late fractures and brittle-ductile microfaults which post-date plastic strain. A cause-and-effect relationship, whereby pre-metamorphic microstructures strongly influenced the location and development of syn- to post-metamorphic microstructures, suggests that the two phases of dyke deformation represent more or less a continuum, separated only by a period of decreased strain rate coinciding with the peak of metamorphism. In relation to existing models for the tectonic development of the northwestern Grenville orogen, the progression of dyke structures and their relationship to metamorphism are best explained by three principal stages: (1) at ≧ 1035 Ma, an early stage of penetrative shortening and overthrusting, correlated with buckling of the dykes and their depression to lower crustal levels; (2) an intermediate stage, commencing some time before 1020 Ma, when compressive stresses waned, enabling thermal relaxation, and ductile extension took place in the interior of the orogen, initiating passive uplift of the dykes; (3) at 1010-980 Ma, a stage of renewed thrusting during which the dykes were further deformed as they were uplifted across the ductilebrittle transition, documenting the final advance of the Grenville orogen toward its foreland.

ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on the Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics. Development of syn‐ and anti‐1,3‐Diol Subunits and Assembly of the Polyacetate Region of Amphotericin B.

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Synthetic Studies on the Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics. Development of syn- and anti-1,3-Diol Subunits and Assembly of the Polyacetate Region of Amphotericin B

Synthetic Studies on the Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics. Development of syn- and anti-1,3-Diol Subunits and Assembly of the Polyacetate Region of Amphotericin B

The metamorphism and migmatization of the Xanthe-Echinos metamorphic complex, Central Rhodope, Greece

The Xanthe-Echinos metamorphic complex in the central Hellenic Rhodope records early Tertiary convergent tectonics on the Eurasian continental margin of Neotethys. It consists principally of layered gneiss and migmatite with minor amphibolite and calc-silicate rocks. Three metamorphic events are recognised: a high-pressure eclogite event (?Cretaceous); medium-pressure, Barrovian-type metamorphism (Eocene); and later low-pressure, greenschist facies metamorphism. Petrographic composition and electron microprobe analysis of minerals in forty four samples of gneiss and migmatite shows that the Eocene Barrovian event is characterized by replacement of clinopyroxene by pargasitic hornblende in clinopyroxene-garnet and clinopyroxene-edenitic hornblende assemblages. The compositional variation and textures of the amphiboles suggest initial growth of edenitic hornblende zoned to hornblende and development of syn- to late-tectonic pargasitic hornblende under higher temperature conditions associated with migmatization. The textures, zoning and paragenetic relationships of sodic-calcic amphiboles are consistent with uplift accompanied by synmetamorphic deformation. Partial melting in the migmatites involved plagioclase+K-feldspar+quartz. The solidification products of the produced melt are present in the form of quartz monzonitic leucosome layers and is also represented in syntectonic plutons. Metamorphic pressures of 7.5–8.5 kbar (at T = 600° C) were estimated from garnet-clinopyroxene pairs in gneisses adjacent to the migmatites. Amphibole-plagioclase thermometry of migmatite samples yielded temperatures of 728°–746°C (at P = 8.5 kbar). The activity of H 2O was probably less than 1.0 in the partially melted rocks. The geothermobarometric results indicate an increase of the geothermal gradient during uplift, probably related to intrusion of basic magma into the crust and/or changes in geothermal gradient associated with crustal thickening.

Deformation of the Assegaai supracrustals and adjoining granitoids, Transvaal, South Africa

The structures in Archaean quartzites of the Assegaai greenstone belt in the Transvaal of South Africa can be interpreted in terms of three major deformation events. Earliest D 1, involved thrusting along brittle ramp and flat crush zones. Rising temperatures then led to the mobilization of SiO 2 and the development of syn- D 1 stylolites and omnidirectional quartz veins in the quartzites. Increasingly ductile behaviour results in some of the early D 1 crush zones being overprinted by late D 1 mylonitic shear zones while eastward-verging recumbent folds formed about N-S axes in the layered quartzites. The Assegaai supracrustals were then separated from a contiguous basement of Ancient Gneiss Complex (AGC) by the intrusion of a granitoid sheet about 3 km thick along their sheared subhorizontal contact either late in D 1 or in the interval between D 1 and D 2. The supracrustals were then refolded about steep NNE-trending axial surfaces by concentric F 2 folds on a variety of scales. Such folds were the second major structures to affect the supracrustals but the first to deform the granitoid sheet. The older of two suites of quartzo-feldspathic veins in the AGC were probably generated penecomtemporaneously with the syn- D 1 quartz veins in ther Assegaai quartzites. This interpretation can be tested by removing the intense D 2 constriction (and 30% volume increase) recorded by a later network of syn-granitoid quartzofeldspathic veins in the AGC from the D 1 + D 2 flattening recorded by the older veins. This procedure can be carried out by geometric vector subtraction on a Hsü diagram. The result reveals that the D 1 strains in the Assegaai supracrustals and the then contiguous AGC were identical penetrative subhorizontal flows prior to the intrusion of the intervening granitoid. The last significant strain in the region is represented by a brittle NNE-trending strike-slip fault and, locally in the quartzites, disharmonic conjugate folds.