Development Of State Policy Research Articles

The use of foreign experience in the construction and implementation of transformational processes in the organization of the activities of executive authorities: status and further opportunities

The article examines the components of the State Administration Reform Strategy of Ukraine. The content of the strategy's measures is disclosed, their scale, features and significance are noted. The broad participation of the countries of the European Union, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and other democratically developed countries in the formation and implementation of strategy measures and their financial support is noted. The successes achieved in the methodical implementation of the developed measures are highlighted (strategic planning system, improvement of the methodical foundations of the development of state policy and its monitoring, the number of new organizational structures of central executive bodies, the number of civil servants, payment and incentives for their work, professional training, provision of services to the population, etc. ). It was noted that in addition to the sufficiently clear development of the reform measures and their ambitious goals, there are certain miscalculations and mistakes, incompleteness and incompleteness of the measures. As part of the shortcomings, the criteria for evaluating progress in management as a result of the implementation of reform measures are named, which instead of concrete results take into account the process of implementing measures, which is much lower than the one hundred percent generally accepted level of assessment of achievements. The growth of indicators of social and economic development of the territories is not taken into account, without taking into account the success of public administration reform measures. Further expedient steps in the implementation of the measures of the State Administration Reform Strategy are defined as covering all aspects of the construction of the national administration system, wide involvement of scientific support for the implemented measures, the application of modern methods of analytical support for the adopted decisions to improve the quality of services, consideration of opportunities not to expand the activities of structural entities of executive authorities, but to create new ones organizational structures in accordance with the requirements of the time, wide application of modeling of both individual elements and a complete management system and their information and communication implementation. This will make it possible to accumulate and develop the management potential of executive authorities and create conditions for its successful implementation and participation in the development of the country.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ СФЕРЫ ТУРИЗМА В СИСТЕМЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ

Tourism, at the present stage of development of economic systems, is one of the most dynamically developing areas. Its growth rates are almost twice as high as those of other sectors of the world economy. With the change in the needs of tourists, the concept of tourism itself will also change, but at the same time the opinion remains that tourism is the movement of a person from his usual environment in order to satisfy his needs (health, spiritual, cognitive, etc.) to other conditions. Changing needs of tourists contributes to the development of the tourism industry. Under the current conditions, tourism enterprises cannot independently attract tourists, which justifies the need to develop the tourism sector as a combination of interacting elements of state and commercial structures, various industries located on the same territory, the purpose of which is to form a positive tourist image of the country and / or to make a profit. The interaction of tourism participants should be carried out in several stages: in the development of tourism policies and in the direct provision of services to tourists. To ensure the development of the country’s tourism sector, it is necessary to develop a static accounting methodology that takes into account all the factors influencing it, the data of which will be the basis for the development of state policy in the field of tourism. In order to increase the efficiency of interaction between participants in the tourism sector, it becomes necessary to develop a mechanism for the interaction of all participants in the tourism sector. The development of the tourism sector will ensure the growth of a number of socio-economic indicators of the country’s development, as well as will allow to neutralize the influence of negative factors. The development of the tourism sector will contribute to the formation of a positive image of the country, improve the quality of tourist services, which will attract tourists, as well as have a positive effect on the socio-economic indicators of the country’s development

СТРАТЕГУВАННЯ ЯК МЕХАНІЗМ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЦИФРОВОГО РОЗВИТКУ У СФЕРІ МУЗЕЙНОЇ СПРАВИ

The aim of the article is to conceptualize the concept of "digital development in the field of museum affairs" and highlight strategizing as a mechanism for improving the state policy of digital development in the field of museum affairs. The article examines the principles of digital development in the field of museum work and the main global trends and innovations related to the digitalization of museum work. Digital transformations in the world, the rapid development of technical means of creating, presenting and storing information have led to the penetration of the museum in the field of audiovisual and digital technologies. The basic principles of the state policy of digital development in the field of museum business are revealed. Today in Ukraine there is a system of legal acts, which in their direction are conditionally divided into certain components, namely, legal, social, economic and organizational support for the principles of digital development in the field of museum affairs. These legal documents have a general - unified and special - differentiated nature. The work is designed to demonstrate the theoretical aspects of the strategy process at the state level, which gives impetus to innovation and the development of integrated transformation programs. A key aspect is to highlight the direction of research on the topic, namely the functionality and services of strategic state development policy in the field of museum affairs.

Implementation of the territories with special economic regimes in the Far East of Russia

In the Far East of Russia, economic development has dramatically slowed down for the past 30 years. The federal government seeks new methods to attract investments into the regions, stimulate entrepreneurial activity, and boost economic growth. This paper critically evaluates state policies that involve the active implementation of special economic zones, territorial development zones, Vladivostok Free Port, and the territories of advanced social and economic development. Research is based on the interviews with the state authorities from the regions of Russia and thorough investigation of the state policies, legislation, and government reports. This study suggests three conclusions. First, there is an excessive amount of state development policies, which is the result of competition among different federal ministries. Second, there is no evidence of innovative activity or productivity growth within those economic zones. Finally, methods to assess the effectiveness of the regional policies are undeveloped and lack clarity. Recommendations for further research are given at the end of the paper.

Mechanisms of state and business cooperation in the conditions of state policy development of sustainable development of the green economy in Ukraine

Mechanisms of state and business cooperation in the conditions of state policy development of sustainable development of the green economy in Ukraine

Перспективні напрями розвитку державної політики щодо збереження та зміцнення репродуктивного здоров'я в Україні

Improving access to family planning and reproductive health services around the world can help prevent maternal death and reduce unwanted pregnancies. Approximately 295,000 women die each year from complications during pregnancy and childbirth. This situation is observed in almost all low- and middle-income countries. Access to family planning and reproductive health services is crucial for the health of women and children around the world. About a third of maternal deaths could be avoided each year if women who did not want to become pregnant had access to and used effective contraception. Worldwide, 218 million women have an unmet need for modern contraception. Governments in developed countries have been supporting global efforts for more than 50 years to promote and maintain reproductive health worldwide. Evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected access to reproductive health services, causing some disruptions in basic services and leading to approximately 1.4 million unplanned pregnancies. Reducing the workload and providing access to basic services provided by global programs during the ongoing pandemic is a constant challenge for the global community. The quality and volume of reproductive health services have improved significantly over the last decade. However, support and expansion of reproductive health measures should remain a public policy priority, and proactive primary health care should be central to preventive measures, as poor reproductive health has a major impact on mortality, morbidity and well-being in general, and lead to significant expenditures on health care and local government budgets. The above testifies that the formation and preservation of reproductive health necessitates the increase of efficiency of medical care, provision of the appropriate level of social security, which will ultimately ensure the development of the Ukrainian nation and sustainable development of the state. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate the state policy on the preservation of reproductive health and to develop practical recommendations for improving its implementation. Results and conclusions. It is established that the issue of forming conscious parenthood should become one of the priority tasks that require a comprehensive solution and the formation of a balanced public policy. The formation of responsible and conscious parenting should begin in the school years, as this problem is closely intertwined with reproductive health issues and will ultimately have a significant impact on the overall public health of the Ukrainian nation. The article out-lines the priority areas for the development of state policy on reproductive health in Ukraine. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: state policy, reproductive health, family, women.

The development of children’s medical rights in Ukraine (1919 – beginning of the XXI century)

Children's medical rights were actively developed in the twentieth century after the First World War. It was an event of a global scale that prompted legislative changes in national legislations, including Ukraine. Ukraine's experience in children's health care is rich in examples of both successful reforms in this field, and also not that successful ones. The development of children's medical rights in Ukraine had passed different stages of its development. The period from 1919 to the beginning of the 21st century was taken to resolve this issue. The choice of this historical period is justified by the presence of different stages of state and legal development of Ukraine, and, as a consequence, the development of children's medical rights. This is because the development of children's rights is inextricably linked with the development of state policy in the field of child protection. The aim of this research is to analyse the development of children’s medical rights on the example of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, international legal documents, legislation of Ukraine, and works of scholars from various countries were analysed. During the study of this issue, a variety of scientific methods were used. Among them are the dialectical, historical method, method of analysis and synthesis, method of analogy and method of interpretation of legal norms. The main results obtained are: analysis of the history of the development of children’s medical rights in Ukraine and influence of the World Health Organisation and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) on this development. The value of this paper lies in obtaining practical recommendations regarding children’s rights in general and the medical rights of children in particular

Концепції державної політики розвитку “зеленої” економіки: еволюція, сутність, цілі та принципи

Досліджено сутнісні теорії розвитку “зеленої” економіки, які обумовлені неможливістю задоволення нескінченно зростаючих потреб людства в умовах обмеженості ресурсів. Запропоновано визначення терміна “зелена економіка” та виконано порівняльну характеристику концепції “зеленої” економіки, визначено її цілі та принципи. Акцентовано увагу, що модель “зеленої” економіки нормалізує взаємодію людської діяльності і природи. Узагальнюючи існуючі підходи до формування концепції “зеленої” економіки, виокремлено її головні напрямки: екологічний, економічний і соціальний.

INFORMATION-PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNTERFEIT OF DIVISIONS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE DURING THE INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING AND SECURITY OPERATIONS IN IRAQ (2003-2005): ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT ASPECT OF ANALYSIS

One of the most important tasks of state policy is to protect the health of citizens, effective functioning health system, improving the level and quality of life of the population, maintaining its effectiveness. One of the central components of the health care system is the country's pharmaceutical industry. In this regard, various aspects of its functioning and development are the subject of research by scientists around the world. Thus, there is a problem of forming professional staff that could meet European standards of service. The current state of the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine is considered in the work and proved the existence of demand for pharmaceutical workers with quality education. The article analyzes the educational programs in the specialty "Pharmacy" and the corresponding vacancies. The goals and elements of the National Pharmaceutical Policy are systematized. The dynamics of the number of pharmacies in the Ukrainian market was studied. Based on the analysis of scientific and literary sources, the structure of the governing bodies of the pharmaceutical industry is formed in the article. The main problems of pharmaceutical education in Ukraine are identified. In the article the basic legislative acts in the field of pharmaceutical education are studied. The current state of training for the pharmaceutical industry and the peculiarities of such education during a pandemic are considered. The foreign experience of development of pharmaceutical education is studied. Leaders in pharmaceutical education are Germany - 16 pharmaceutical faculties; France - 24; Great Britain - 19; Spain - 15; Belgium - 10; Poland -10. Therefore, the experience of these countries was thoroughly analyzed in the work. The Shostka Professional Medical College Municipal Institution of the Sumy Regional Council was analyzed as a case. The shortcomings of pharmaceutical education were identified and ways to improve it at the national level were proposed. Based on the experience of internships in Germany (Praktikumsbörsen), the article proposes to introduce a system of signing contracts with private pharmacy chains and creating an electronic resource to promote employment and find a base of practice that would unite applicants, employers and educators. The purpose of the article is to study the main trends in the development of state policy of training of specialists in the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the relationship that arises between the state and customers in the training of pharmaceutical personnel. The object of research is the professional training of specialists in the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine. Research methods: method of scientific cognition, system approach, expert method and extrapolation methods.

GENDER-RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE POLICIES – A PATH TO SUSTAINABLE PEACE AND POST‑CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION

The article is devoted to the legal basis and direction of the Government of Ukraine in the development of gender-responsive state policy of the transition period. The international principles and commitments of Ukraine in the framework of transitional justice, taking into account the gender aspect, are revealed, as well as the international and national commitments of Ukraine in the framework of involving women in peacebuilding and participation. The article presents international experience of taking into account international standards and norms in order to protect women’s rights and build peace. Global evidence indicates that women’s meaningful participation in peace negotiations increases the duration of peace. Peace agreements with female signatories are more durable and have a significantly higher number of provisions aimed at political reform and higher implementation rates. The recent study investigating 352 peace agreements in 64 countries between 1990 and 2019 also found that there was a significant increase in the share of peace agreements with gender provisions, from below 10% in the 1990s to 45% in 2013. Yet, this practice appears to have been halted. In 2019, the share of agreements with gender provisions was only at 29%. Despite an increasing evidence about the important role of women, their expertise and meaningful participation in preventing and addressing conflict and sustaining peace, women are still under- represented in the peace processes. Between 1992 and 2019, women constituted, on average, only 13% of negotiators, 6% of mediators, and 6% of signatories in major peace processes worldwide. Present peacebuilding experiences also indicate that peace is likely to be lasting only if the security needs of the population are addressed in parallel with the political and socioeconomic aspects of conflict resolution and post-conflict recovery. Women’s exposure to conflict may result in their new roles and responsibilities and may open new opportunities for their greater involvement in public life, including peace and security decision-making. Likewise, gender equality positively influences the cohesion and effectiveness of the security sector in increasingly multidimensional peace processes.

Художественное образование и обучение искусству в Литовской Республике: цели, задачи и выбор приоритетов

Analyzed is the experience of the Republic of Lithuania in development of state policy in the field of arts education. The article deals with conceptual attitudes in the field of art and culture education in Lithuanian institutions. On the basis of the analysis carried out, the article concludes about the active development of non-formal education in the field of culture and art.

Accounting for digital innovations in healthcare

The article analyzes digital innovations and their reflection in accounting for healthcare institutions. The healthcare system should be modern, digitalized, and focused on a specific person. The use of digital technologies remains at a low level, and there are significant regional differences in the level of implementation of digital health technologies, which is a big problem. Special attention should be paid to the development of state policies that would ensure the development of advanced technologies in healthcare, in order to bring Russia among the leading countries in the digital economy in order to improve the quality of life and expand the opportunities for self-realization of each person, increase the well-being of the entire population, and therefore the quality of healthcare.

О ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ СПОРТИВНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ И УЧАСТИЯ В МАССОВОМ СПОРТЕ: КРИТИЧЕКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Encouraging the participation of the population in physical culture and sports is one of the priorities of the state, which is interested in healthy youth and the nation, the growth of national sports achievements. State programs in the field of mass sports development postulate the importance of physical activity for a healthy lifestyle and the need to invest in infrastructure, comprehensive information and social support for the population. In order to develop measures to improve the effectiveness of investments carried out within the framework of federal targeted programs, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the level of participation in sports and sports infrastructure. The purpose of the article is to identify the determinants and limitations of the use of sports infrastructure for the participation of citizens in physical culture and mass sports. The study was conducted using a systematic approach, as well as the analysis of literary sources, synthesis, generalization. The results of the analysis contribute to the development of the theory of sports management in terms of expanding the understanding of the factors that determine the population's physical culture and participation in various sports. The identified limitations for the use of mass sports infrastructure (measured objectively and subjectively) can be taken into account when developing state policy in the field of support and development of sports infrastructure, as well as used to improve methods for evaluating the effectiveness of public investments in this area of financing.

Rumors of Insurgency and Assassination in the Ixcán, Guatemala

Abstract In the late 1960s, landless campesinos partnered with the Maryknoll Catholic order to form a colony and cooperative in the lowland jungles of northern Guatemala. The Ixcán Grande colony became profitable and fell in line with state development and agrarian policies. Yet by the mid-1970s, this dramatically changed when the colony began experiencing increased government repression as Guatemala’s ongoing civil war escalated. After Father William Woods, the colony’s priest, died in a mysterious plane crash in 1976, multiple accounts of that fateful day circulated: the official version recorded it as an accident while unofficial versions maintained that the military-state had assassinated him. This event shaped the relationship between Ixcán residents and the state from that moment on and continues to influence historical memory in the present. This article first explores the circulation of rumors of insurgency, leading to the Ixcán Grande project’s reputation as an unstable, dangerous space. Then, it examines the competing historical narratives surrounding Father Woods’s death. Finally, it links rumor creation and utilization with historical memory, ending with a brief conclusion about the utility—and the necessity—of giving proper attention to rumors as archival traces.

Financial instruments of State support for small and medium-sized businesses in Russia during the coronavirus pandemic

Subject. The article examines financial instruments of State support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Russia, in the context of the crisis and pandemic. Objectives. The purposes are to unveil major financial and economic mechanisms and instruments of State support for SMEs, analyze the results of State policy, aimed at financial assistance to SMEs, assess measures to support SMEs during the crisis and pandemic, and define the main directions of State policy development in relation to SMEs in the coming years. Methods. The study employs methods of logical, statistical, qualitative and qualitative analysis, and graphical methods for presenting the results of information analysis. Results. I identify economic problems, faced by SMEs in the most affected spheres of activity, reveal that the vulnerable position of SMEs rests on insufficient financial stability of companies, which is associated with negative changes in the economy that disrupted the economic linkages among entities, and a decrease in lending from the banking sector. Conclusions. In Russia, there are serious problems in SME development. To solve them, it is necessary to maintain anti-crisis measures and continue targeted support to SMEs in priority sectors of the economy. It is crucial to develop comprehensive financial support for SMEs, consolidate all support tools provided by credit institutions and participants of the National Guarantee System, expand the access of SMEs to participation in procurement of the largest customers, and digitalize the procurement process on the basis of a digital platform.

Gender Equality Problems in Soviet Reality

The Soviet Union was a totalitarian and strictly centralized state, which from the day of its foundation was intended to create a new human. The idea of formal equality written in its constitution and legislation was not a guarantee of real equality in the Soviet Union. The Communist Party deeply believed in the rise of its own tolerant policies, although the existing facts became a barometer of its failure. Despite the established way of life (education, work, etc.), women were neither represented in the ruling circle nor fully participated in the development and implementation of state policy. Thus, the Soviet Union with its paternalistic politics sought both to weaken the influence of men on women by improving the condition of women and to saturate deeply women's lives with Soviet pathos and communist beliefs.

Iran's Reconstruction Jihad—Rural Development and Regime Consolidation after 1979

Iran's Reconstruction Jihad—Rural Development and Regime Consolidation after 1979

The Health of Hispanic Children from Birth to Emerging Adulthood.

This article summarizes frameworks for understanding Hispanic children's health, sources of national data available to evaluate their health, and variations in health among Hispanic children. Following ecological and life-course perspectives, we organize our review of the literature on Hispanic children's health and development according to three key stages of child development (zero to three, early to middle childhood, and adolescence to emerging adulthood) with attention to how each stage influences the next. Within each stage, we consider how social position (i.e. skin color, social class, gender, and nativity), social contexts (i.e. family, school, and neighborhood), and political and legal contexts influence Hispanic children's health and development. To improve the health and development of Hispanic children, federal, state, and local policies must address social and economic injustices that lead to declines in health across immigrant generations and persistent racial/ethnic health disparities.

Бюджетні модифікації під впливом економічних перетворень

Introduction. It is substantiated that the accuracy of planning the revenue side of the budget is influenced by: forecast of socio-economic development, in particular changes in macroeconomic parameters that underlie the construction of tax bases taking into account changes in tax and customs legislation and other factors; inaccurate assumptions made in forecasting incomes based on historical data or expert estimates, the more complex the mechanisms and procedures for forming tax bases, the more complex the assumptions and hypotheses associated with economic development; other reasons not taken into account in forecasting, including repayment of debts for previous periods, recalculation of taxes and mandatory payments, etc. The following approaches to planning have been identified: medium-term macro-planning, which focuses on planning the general macroeconomic situation in the country; traditional fixed-term planning; planning of economic and functional structure of expenditures; and planning based on budget programs. Purpose. It was found that effective budget planning should be based on the needs and taking into account the development trends of individual sectors of the national economy. With this in mind, the regression equation of the dependence of tax revenues on the volume of GDP generated in the most important sectors: agriculture, forestry and fisheries (x1), industry (x2), construction (x3), wholesale and retail trade (x4), transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities (x5). All of these indicators have been found to be closely related to the performance indicator. Results. The advantages of medium-term financial plans are identified, the essence of which is that they: 1) create a basis for forecasting the consequences of decision-making in public policy; 2) is a tool for medium-term planning of the fiscal strategy of the state; 3) ensure transparency and efficient allocation of budget resources; 4) form the preconditions for ensuring the stability and consistency of fiscal policy. It is proved that the successful development of medium-term budget planning is ensured by: the existence of a system of priority goals of state development, in accordance with which the activities of the relevant authorities are built and budget funds are distributed; the existence of a system of medium-term (long-term) forecasting; clear division of powers between branches, levels and individual public authorities on issues of state policy development and budget design; systematic application of budget planning tools; stable and comprehensive regulatory legal regulation of budget planning. Conclusions. Examining the components of the budget planning system based on the application of world experience and recommendations of international organizations, it was found that the most noteworthy is budget planning based on efficiency indicators, the practice of which is practically absent in Ukraine. It is argued that budget planning based on performance indicators can be implemented in three areas (types): presentation performance budgeting, data on budget policy results, goals or results are covered in legal documents as reference information for accountability and dialogue with legislators and citizens on issues public policy; such information is informative (approach, the elements of which are used in Ukraine); budgeting based on planned results involves planning budget resources indirectly related to the desired future results or past performance; direct performance budgeting involves the allocation of resources based on the results achieved.

Urban paradox and the rise of the neoliberal city: Case study of Lagos, Nigeria

In a bid to actualise the vision of transforming Lagos into Africa’s model megacity and global economic and financial hub, the state government has embarked on and/or supported various urban development projects. Drawing on the theoretical underpinnings of neoliberalism, we argue that governance practices in Lagos are transforming the city in a manner that is paradoxical to the intents of the city’s development plan. This paper, therefore, explores how government practices have shaped the city, and the socio-spatial consequences of the recent Lagos state government-supported developments. Of interest are projects from the Lagos State Development plan (2012–2025) which have resulted in significant spatial displacements – hence the selected case studies of Lekki Free Trade Zone and Badia-East Housing Estate. The study reveals that the Lagos state development policy results in creative destruction largely due to the uncritical embrace of market logic over social logic, thereby entrenching urban discontent and socio-spatial fragmentation across the city.