Development Of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Research Articles

Development of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Lamivudine for Brain Targeting

The objective of present investigation was to enhance brain penetration of Lamivudine, one of the most widely used drugs for the treatment of AIDS. This was achieved through incorporating the drug into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) prepared by using emulsion solvent diffusion technique. The formulations were characterized for surface morphology, size and size distribution, percent drug entrapment and drug release. The optimum rotation speed, resulting into better drug entrapment and percent yield, was in the range of 1000-1250 r/min. In vitro cumulative % drug release from optimized SLN formulation was found 40-50 % in PBS (pH-7.4) and SGF (pH-1.2) respectively for 10 h. After 24 h more than 65 % of the drug was released from all formulations in both mediums meeting the requirement for drug delivery for prolong period of time.

Development of SLN and NLC Enriched Hydrogels for Transdermal Delivery of Nitrendipine: In Vitro and In Vivo Characteristics

The purpose of this research was to investigate novel particulate carrier systems such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) for transdermal delivery of nitrendipine (NDP). For this investigation, four different gel-forming agents were selected for hydrogel preparation. Aqueous dispersions of lipid nanoparticles made from trimyristin (TM) were prepared by hot homogenization technique followed by sonication and then incorporated into the freshly prepared hydrogels. The particle size was analyzed by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) using Malvern zetasizer, which shows that for all the tested formulations, more than 50% of the particles were below 250 nm after 90 days of storage at room temperature. DSC analysis was performed to characterize the state of drug and lipid modification. Shape and surface morphology were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), which revealed fairly spherical shape of the formulations. The antihypertensive activity of the gels in comparison with that of oral NDP was studied using desoxy corticosterone acetate (DOCA)-induced hypertensive rats. It was observed that both carbopol SLN (A1) and carbopol NLC (B1) gels significantly controlled hypertension from the first hour (p < .05). The developed gels increased the efficacy of NDP for the therapy of hypertension. Both the SLN and NLC dispersions and the gels enriched with SLN and NLC possessed a sustained drug release over a period of 24 h, but the sustained effect was more pronounced with the SLN and the NLC gel formulations. Further, they were evaluated for zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, and skin irritation studies.

Development of SLNs from natural lipids: Application to topical delivery of tretinoin

The aim of this investigation was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) from indigenous, natural solid lipids by using a simple microemulsion technique. Furthermore, the aim was to characterize these SLNs and evaluate its potential in the topical delivery of a lipophilic drug, tretinoin (TRN). The developed SLNs were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency of TRN and morphology. TRN-loaded SLN-based topical gels were formulated and the gels were evaluated comparatively with the commercial product with respect to primary skin irritation, in vitro occlusivity and skin permeation. The results of the study showed mean particle size <100 nm of the SLN dispersions with the novel lipids. Up to 46% of drug entrapment in the lipids was attained. Lesser skin irritancy, greater skin tolerance, occlusivity and slow drug release was observed with the developed TRN-loaded SLN-based gels than the commercial product. The research work could be concluded as successful production of SLNs using highly purified stearine fraction of natural solid lipids. The results of the characterization and evaluation established the safety for use, suitability and compatibility of indigenous natural lipids as a novel excipient.

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) as a Rising Tool in Drug Delivery Science: One Step Up in Nanotechnology

Colloid science has now been reframed in advance form as nanotechnology. Novel nanoparticulate carrier systems could make an important impact on clinical practice, not only in the field of targeted drug delivery but also for the delivery of diagnostic agents, gene therapy and vaccine delivery as well. Polymer based nanoparticles are full of numerous advantages in delivery science but at the same time they suffer from toxicity considerations and problems in industrial scale up of the formulations. Lipid based carrier systems i.e. emulsions, liposomes etc. have been tried to solve such problems related to the delivery technology. Currently lipid-based nanoparticles gained much interest as they combine both the technology of lipid sciences and nanosciences, and hence may be better alternative carriers. Many aspects related to the development of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) like production technology, effect of process parameters, selection of ingredients and route of delivery are important for the industrial applications of nanoscience. In the present review a detail discussion of methods of production of solid lipid nanoparticles, influence of ingredients of composition on product quality, therapeutic moiety effect, characterization parameters and effects of sterilization have been focused. Role of solid lipid nanoparticles for controlled and targeted drug delivery, utility as a novel transfection agent and their potential as adjuvant for vaccine delivery are summed up in addition. Clinical therapeutics of SLNs in terms of advantages and limitations of various routes of delivery of SLNs has also been explored for the further advancement of practical applications of solid lipid nanoparticles.

Development of a new solid lipid nanoparticle formulation containing retinoic acid for topical treatment of acne

The development of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) containing all-trans retinoic acid (RA) is an interesting approach to topical treatment of acne. SLN has potential for controlled release and follicular penetration, which can reduce adverse effects in comparison with conventional formulations. However, the encapsulation efficiency (EE) of RA in SLN is usually low, unless a high surfactant/lipid ratio is used. The aim of this work was to develop SLN with high EE using a low surfactant/lipid ratio. Different formulations of RA-loaded SLN were prepared using glyceryl behenate as lipid matrix. The particle size, EE, zeta potential and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were investigated. High EE in SLN was obtained with addition of amines. These results indicate that the utilization of amines is an interesting approach to improve the EE of RA in SLN using a low surfactant/lipid ratio.

Development of solid lipid nanoparticles containing ionically complexed chemotherapeutic drugs and chemosensitizers

The purpose of this study was to develop and characterize a solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) system containing an anionic polymer for the delivery of cationic antineoplastic agents and chemosensitizers. Ionic complexation was utilized to enhance the loading of these highly water-soluble drugs. The influence of anionic compounds and polymers on drug partition and loading into SLNs was investigated, and dextran sulfate (DS) was found to be the most suitable among those studied. SLNs loaded with doxorubicin and various model chemosensitizers (e.g., verapamil) were thus prepared by incorporating DS using a microemulsion method. The particle size was measured with photon correlation spectroscopy. The mean diameter of the SLNs ranged from 180 to 300nm, depending on the type and content of the drug and the polymer. The particles possessed weakly negative surface charges as determined by zeta potential measurements. Most polymer-loaded SLNs released half of the drug in the first a few hours and the remaining drug in 15h or more. The presence of counterions in the medium, especially divalent ions, promoted drug release. Dual drug (doxorubicin/verapamil or quinidine/verapamil)-loaded DS-SLNs were also formulated, which released both drugs without noticeable interference to each other. These studies have laid the foundation for a “one-bullet” dosage form that may provide convenient and effective delivery of multiple drug treatment of tumors.

Preparation and Characterization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Cloricromene

This article describes the development of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) as colloidal carriers for cloricromene. Nanoparticles were prepared by the microemulsion or precipitation technique. In vitro drug release profile from SLN was studied under various experimental conditions mimicking some body fluids. The drug release rate of drug at pH 7.4 and human plasma is high. In plasma, after 15 min, about 70% of drug was released. The cloricromene that was not released within 4 hr was found in the SLN. This result suggests that this colloidal system could be useful for targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system after intravenous administration.