Social Development Research Articles

Self-Management in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Illness: An Evolutionary Analysis of the Concept.

To increase conceptual clarity regarding the self-management of school-age children and adolescents with chronic illnesses in a community context. Concept Analysis: Rodgers' evolutionary approach. Search conducted in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Nursing and Allied Health Collection, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane, Web of Science, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scopus, Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence Synthesis. Thirty-one articles were identified, published between 2004 and 2023. Followed the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research guidelines-Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020. Self-management in children and adolescents with chronic illness, in school age, in a community context, consists of a process of acquiring knowledge and beliefs that promote the self-efficacy of this population in developing skills to face needs inherent to the health condition. Promoting self-management goes beyond simply educating for skill acquisition. Participants with stronger beliefs in their ability to control their behaviours are more successful in self-management. The activation of resources that position the child as an agent of change is recommended. It contributes to the development of strategies that promote self-management across different healthcare disciplines, focusing on education and change, but also on psychological encouragement to foster confidence in change. Competent self-management during childhood promotes autonomy, empowerment, and control of the condition, with consequent physical and emotional well-being, quality of life, family stability, and social development. There was no direct contribution from patients or the public in this work (literature review).

Determining special educational needs in Germany: current status and the coherence of the rationale of support recommendations

ABSTRACT An important aspect of current practice in special educational need (SEN) assessment is the review and allocation to a particular focus of support. This study examines how specific such classifications are at least in the German practice by analysing coded text information regarding children’s characteristics as well as environmental conditions from 54 professional reports across diverse German federal states. These reports varied across five recommended support foci: emotional and social development, intellectual development, learning, language, or autism. Results replicated previous findings showing that deficits, rather than resources, were predominantly reported. Cluster analysis (k = 5), reflecting the number of support foci, revealed low accuracy, with reports of the same focus rarely aligning consistently to one category. A two-cluster solution best represented the data: one characterised by cognitive/learning deficits and the other by socio-emotional deficits. These findings beg the question of an over-differentiation of diagnostic SEN decisions at least in Germany. The results are highly relevant to other European countries, particularly those employing classification-based systems or exhibiting regional disparities in SEN assessments, as they advocate for a transition towards individualised, needs-based approaches to promote more equitable and inclusive SEN frameworks.

The Challenge and Response of Network Security in The Era of Artificial Intelligence

With the emergence of artificial intelligence, new situations, new problems, and new challenges in the field of network security are emerging one after another, affecting the global economic pattern, development pattern, and security pattern, also putting forward higher requirements for network security assurance. Nowadays, cases of using fake audio and video such as AI face-changing and AI voice-changing to commit new cybercrimes occur occasionally. From the individual level, artificial intelligence lowers the threshold for personal cybercrime. At the social level, artificial intelligence forges false information that misleads the public and poses a certain threat to people’s property. This article aims to analyse the function of artificial intelligence and discuss the impact of emerging technologies on social development. This article by comparing domestic and foreign researches on artificial intelligence, using a qualitative research methodology with case studies and literature, and expresses views and ideas regarding the laws about artificial intelligence. The article finds that maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the whole society and requires the joint participation of governments, social organisations, and the majority of netizens. Therefore, it is suggested that other security risks that may be caused by artificial intelligence in the future, should be prevented based on risk prevention, and active use laws and regulations to regulate and guide. Secondly, by referring to the law, ensuring the protection of personal information, and standardise the cyber security environment is so significant. Finally, carry out online publicity and education to improve the network security awareness.

ENHANCING ETHICS AND VALUES THROUGH INDIAN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM

Indian Knowledge System aims to encourage individuals for interdisciplinary knowledge exploration to solve contemporary and emerging problems by using ancient knowledge system of India. Incorporation of Indian Knowledge system into education can preserve India’s intellectual heritage and offers a unique perspective on human development. The integration of ethics, values in education through Indian Knowledge System has the potential to promote sustainable, equitable, and overall development of human being. The Indian Knowledge System emphasizes on the interconnectedness of various disciplines to enhance intellectual, social, emotional and spiritual development of human beings. Thus, it has great contribution to create a more harmonious and peaceful world. This paper explores the relevance of Indian Knowledge System in modern periods and highlights the significance of ethics and value-based principles of Indian Knowledge System. This paper also demonstrates how the establishment of Indian Knowledge System can foster overall or holistic development of human beings. KEY WORDS: Ethics, Values, Indian Knowledge System

The Mediating Role of Teacher Support in The Relationship between Marginalization and Academic Performance among Migrant Children in China--Evidence from CEPS Data

Migrant children are a special group in the process of China's economic development. They not only linger on the edge of unequal educational opportunities but are also marginalized in schools. Using data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS), a nationally representative sample of junior high school students, the study attempts to examine the relationship between migrant children's marginalization and academic achievement and check the moderating role of teacher support in this relationship. The results show that positive teacher support has a negative moderating effect on the marginalization of migrant children. When teachers take a positive and supportive attitude toward socially marginalized students, the marginalized children are more integrated within their peer groups over time. The more actively teachers support migrant children, the more they can reduce the probability of migrant children being marginalized. Teacher support also has a positive impact on migrant children's social behavioral development and academic performance to a large extent. The positive attitude of teachers enables migrant children, a marginalized group, to have stronger school adaptability and a more positive development direction of social behavior and academic performance.

Racionalidad, ciencia, sociedad y acción humana. Los límites del conocimiento y la racionalidad científica

This text analyzes the role of rationality and science in modern society and its limits on human action. Karl Marx argues that rationality, both in scientific knowledge and practice, is a key element to social change and progress, highlighting the relation between knowledge and power. Max Weber characterizes modernity in terms of rationalization which, although it fosters an optimal social action, it limits freedom and individual creativity due to bureaucratization. Weber also discriminates technical rationalization of subjective rationalization, pointing at the limits of scientific rationalization. Meanwhile, Norbert Elias considers civilization as the result of human interactions and not as a product of pure rationality. He maintains that science must point at what is possible, leaving the responsibility of decisions in the hands of the individual. He also warns against the illusion that social sciences can exempt the individual from his or her responsibility. This analysis provides a critical comprehension on how rationality and science influence social development and individual autonomy.

Olfactory testing in infants with perinatal asphyxia: enhancing encephalopathy risk stratification for future health outcomes.

Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, often resulting in long-term neurodevelopmental challenges. Despite advancements in perinatal care, predicting long-term outcomes remains difficult. Early diagnosis is essential for timely interventions to reduce brain injury, with tools such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging, brain ultrasound, and emerging biomarkers playing a possible key role. Olfaction, one of the earliest senses to develop, may provide valuable insights into long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes following PA due to its intricate neural connections with regions responsible for memory, emotion, and homeostasis. Newborns demonstrate early olfactory abilities, such as recognizing maternal odors, which are vital for bonding, feeding, and emotional regulation. These responses are processed by a network of brain regions, including the olfactory bulb (OB), piriform cortex, amygdala, and orbitofrontal cortex. Hypoxic injury to these regions, particularly the OB, may disrupt olfactory processing in infants with PA, potentially affecting their cognitive and social development. Investigating the relationship between olfactory system development and perinatal brain injury could lead to innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Further research, including clinical and animal studies, is necessary to fully explore the potential of olfactory assessments in predicting outcomes after PA. This educational review explores and discusses the potential of olfaction as a predictor of long-term outcomes and a tool for risk stratification following PA, opening new pathways for interventions and improved care.

Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti dalam Membentuk Perilaku Sosial Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Waru

This study explores the role of exemplary Islamic religious education teachers and morals in shaping students’ social behavior at SMA Negeri 1 Waru. Using a qualitative field approach with descriptive-qualitative-phenomenological methods, the findings highlight that teachers significantly influence students' attitudes and behavior by serving as role models. Teachers are not only educators of religious material but also exemplify integrity, noble morals, and responsibility, inspiring students to develop character traits such as integrity, responsibility, and social care. This is evident in vertical interactions with God, such as congregational prayers and dhikr, which enhance students’ spiritual awareness, and in social interactions, characterized by politeness, collaboration, and mutual support, creating a positive learning environment. Supporting factors include teacher integrity, parental involvement, peer influence, and school facilities and regulations that strengthen social behavior development. However, challenges arise from students’ diverse backgrounds and external global influences, requiring concerted efforts to promote exemplification among stakeholders. Ultimately, the role of teachers as role models not only shapes individual student behavior but also fosters a positive school environment and strengthens the school community at SMA Negeri 1 Waru.

The influence of trust and job satisfaction on structural empowerment and social work competency

ABSTRACT This study examines the interrelationships among trust, job satisfaction, structural empowerment, and social work competency within the Malaysian Department of Social Welfare (JKM). Drawing on data collected from 407 social workers, the research investigates how trust and job satisfaction influence the four dimensions of structural empowerment: opportunity, information, support, and resources. The findings reveal that trust and job satisfaction play critical roles in enhancing access to these empowerment dimensions, which directly impact the competency levels of social workers. Specifically, social workers with higher trust in their organizations and greater job satisfaction report improved access to critical resources and support systems, leading to better professional knowledge, skills, values, and ethics. The study highlights the necessity of implementing welfare policies that promote trust-building, enhance job satisfaction, and provide robust structural support to empower social workers effectively. These insights offer practical recommendations for strengthening the social work framework, ensuring more competent and resilient practitioners capable of addressing community needs effectively. By prioritizing these factors, policymakers and administrators can create an environment conducive to optimal social work outcomes and sustainable community development. This research contributes to the understanding of empowerment dynamics and their critical implications for professional social work practice.

How professional development and coaching with a project construct framework promotes teacher practices that support social development

ABSTRACT Implementing high-quality professional development (PD) holds the potential to increase the quality of the early childhood profession. However, not all PDs are equally beneficial in improving teacher pedagogy and child outcomes. There is limited understanding of the most effective methods for conducting professional development in early childhood, particularly from a constructivist perspective. This study aimed to investigate the impact of receiving professional development and coaching on teacher pedagogy compared to those who only received professional development. Findings revealed significant growth in how teachers supported students’ social development and autonomy among those who received professional development and coaching, whereas there was no significant growth observed among those who only experienced the professional development sessions. These results underscore the importance of coaching in facilitating the application of teaching practices, providing feedback, and fostering self-reflection among teachers.

Examining the Drivers and Economic and Social Impacts of Cryptocurrency Adoption

This study investigates the key drivers and the economic and social impacts of cryptocurrency adoption. Based on panel data across 37 countries from 2020 to 2023, this research examines the interplay between cryptocurrency adoption and technology development, monetary policies, and economic and social development. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research incorporates panel data analysis across multiple countries to explore correlations and causal relationships between these variables. The study found that technology development, measured by the Network Readiness Index (NRI) enables cryptocurrency adoption. Economic conditions measured by higher national inflation rates and monetary policy indicators, including lower interest and exchange rates are the key drivers for cryptocurrency adoption. The empirical findings reveal that cryptocurrency adoption has negative relationships with economic development measured by the GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, and social development represented by the governance quality corruption index. It implies that cryptocurrency is used as a virtual anchor (digital gold) for national inflation. Findings reveal how network readiness, economic conditions, and monetary policies contribute to fostering cryptocurrency adoption, while resulting in impacts on economic growth, labour markets, and governance. The research contributes to the literature by integrating technological, economic, and governance perspectives to elucidate the role of cryptocurrency in reshaping the global economic and social systems.

Empathy among Guatemalan adolescents: a mixed-methods study of culture and economic condition

ABSTRACT Cultural and economic contexts shape adolescents’ socio-emotional development. We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study of adolescents’ empathy, a component of social development, in two schools in Guatemala, a country marked by collectivism and economic disparity. Participants (N = 119, ages 12–18, 64 girls) who attended either a school serving low-resource students or one serving affluent students completed the adapted Basic Empathy Scale and reported household amenities. Adolescents from the low-resource school reported more affective and cognitive empathy; household amenities mediated the relation between school and affective empathy. Thematic analysis of daily hassles and sources of gratitude revealed that interpersonal relationships were paramount for students from both schools. Students from the affluent school disdained hypocrisy, sought time alone, and resisted parents’ control. Students from the low-resource school perceived a shared fate and sought attention and respect. The empathy of adolescents living in poverty may be harnessed to promote their empowerment.

An Investigation of the Quality of Preschool Piano in Weifang

Objective: The study aimed to assess the quality of preschool piano education in Weifang, examining its goals, content, and learning outcomes. It also explored ways to enhance teaching efficacy through improved curricula, resources, and methodologies. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework for this study is grounded in educational and developmental theories, emphasizing the role of early childhood music education in fostering cognitive, emotional, and social development. It draws on the principles of constructivism, which highlight active learning through engagement and interaction, and Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, particularly the musical-rhythmic and bodily-kinesthetic intelligences. These theories support the idea that quality piano education can enhance preschoolers' overall development and learning outcomes. Method: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to gather comprehensive data. Questionnaires were administered to parents and piano teachers to collect quantitative data on their perceptions of the quality of preschool piano education. Additionally, interviews with teachers and parents provided qualitative insights into teaching methodologies, challenges, and outcomes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data, ensuring a thorough understanding of the research problem. Results and Discussion: The study found that preschool piano education in Weifang met expectations, contributing to children’s cognitive, emotional, and social development. It enhanced skills like discipline, confidence, and creativity. Challenges included limited resources, inconsistent teaching methods, and rising demand impacting quality. The findings highlight the need for improved curricula, resources, and teacher training to sustain high-quality instruction. Research Implications: The study underscores the importance of prioritizing quality in preschool piano education by revising curricula, improving teaching resources, and standardizing methodologies. It highlights the need for professional development programs to equip teachers with effective strategies. These implications extend to policymakers, educators, and curriculum developers, emphasizing the role of structured and resourceful piano education in fostering early childhood development. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing body of research by focusing on the quality of piano education for preschoolers, a relatively underexplored area in early childhood music education. Its mixed-methods approach provides valuable insights into improving teaching practices, curricula, and resources. The findings offer practical recommendations for enhancing preschool piano education, benefiting educators, parents, and policymakers alike.

The Effects of Parenting Styles on Children's Emotional and Social Skill Development: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Skills

Children's emotional and social skill development plays a crucial role in their social adjustment and mental health. Studies show that parenting style strongly influences this process, not only directly on the child's behaviour, but also indirectly on their emotional and social skills through emotion regulation. In recent years, scholars have increasingly focused on the mediating role of emotion regulation in parenting styles and children's social skill development, in an attempt to further reveal how parenting styles facilitate or hinder the formation and development of children's social skills by influencing emotion regulation. Therefore, with a particular focus on the mediating role of emotion regulation skills, this study will examine the effects of parenting styles on the development of children's emotional and social skills. Analyzing the effects of various parenting styles on emotion regulation can deepen our understanding of how effective parenting strategies can promote the healthy development of children's emotional and social skills. The study found that authoritative parenting, characterized by warmth and support, positively influenced children's emotional and social skills by enhancing their emotion regulation abilities. On the other hand, authoritarian and neglectful parenting styles were linked to poorer emotion regulation, hindering the development of children's social skills.

Physical and Chemical Preparation Techniques and Applications of Photonic Crystals: A Review

Photonic crystals, which are important functional materials, are formed by the periodic arrangement of materials with different dielectric constants that have photonic bandgaps and localization properties. Their preparation methods are primarily physical and chemical. Physical methods include mechanical drilling, layer-by-layer stacking, and precision processing. Chemical methods primarily involve colloidal self-assembly methods. Various colloidal crystal self-assembly methods have been reported, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Photonic crystals have important applications in many fields, such as optical communications, information technology, energy, biomedicine, and sensors, including high-performance optical fiber fabrication, photonic chip development, and solar cell efficiency enhancement. This paper reviews the latest progress in the preparation of photonic crystals using physical and self-assembly methods. Currently, the preparation and application of photonic crystals have made significant achievements; however, there are still challenges in terms of preparation accuracy, efficiency, cost, and application integration technology. With the future development of science and technology, breakthroughs are expected in novel structural development, preparation process optimization, and cross-field integration, which will continue to promote the progress of photonic crystals and social development.

An Extension of Social Exchange Theory and Green Human Resource Management to Explain Employee in-Role Green Performance: Insights for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in the Vietnamese Hospitality Industry

Objective: This study examines the role of ethical leadership and green human resource management (GHRM) in fostering employee green behavior and in-role green performance to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the Vietnamese hospitality industry. Theoretical Framework: A research model extending social exchange theory and GHRM was developed to examine the influence of ethical leadership and GHRM on employee green behavior and in-role green performance. Method: A self-administered survey was conducted with 573 employees working in four- and five-star hotels in Vietnam. Structural equation modelling analysis was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Results and Discussion: Our research findings validate the application of social exchange theory in examining the effects of GHRM policies on employee green behavior (EGB) and in-role green performance (INPE). Our research confirmed that ethical leadership has the strongest impact on GRHM and in turn, GHRM positively impacts INPE. Furthermore, our study also highlights the mediating role of EGB in the relationship between GHRM and INPE in the hospitaliy industry. Research Implications: This study provides recommendations for hotels to enhance their policies toward achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). Originality/Value: The hospitality industry plays a crucial role in economic and social development by creating jobs and promoting economic structural transformation in many countries, including Vietnam. However, despite these significant contributions, the hospitality industry also negatively impacts the environment, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable development within this sector. In such a context, this research is among a few studies to provide empirical evidence that emphasizes the role of ELD and GHRM in directing EGB and INPE in the Vietnamese hospitality industry.

Preschool Educators’ Perceptions on Value Education

This systematic review examines preschool educators’ perceptions and implementation of Values Education (VE), emphasizing its critical role in moral and ethical development during early childhood. Following PRISMA guidelines, the review synthesizes findings from Scopus, ERIC ProQuest, Web of Science, and PsycINFO, covering studies published between 2000 and 2024. While educators recognize the importance of VE in shaping children’s character and promoting ethical behavior, several inconsistencies exist in its application. Successful VE programs often include explicit curriculum integration, teacher role modeling, and structured classroom activities. This review underscores the need for professional development initiatives to equip teachers with the necessary skills and knowledge to deliver VE effectively, and emphasizes fostering a supportive preschool environment to enhance VE practices. Furthermore, the review emphasizes that a systematic approach to VE can positively impact children’s intellectual, emotional, and social development, fostering ethically responsible individuals ready to engage actively in society.

Prenatal depression and child developmental vulnerability.

Prenatal depression is a potentially important fetal exposure as it may alter fetal development and have lasting effects. We examined all live births from 2001 to 2012 in British Columbia with follow-up data on the Early Development Instrument (EDI) in Kindergarten. The odds of developmental vulnerability on EDI domains among those with and without depression during pregnancy were estimated. A matched sibling analysis was run using conditional logistic regression within the same birth parent. We included 130,631 births among 108,340 pregnant people, with 6089 children (4.7%) exposed to prenatal depression. Children exposed to depression during pregnancy were significantly more likely to be considered vulnerable on physical health and well-being (OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.10-1.29]), social competence (OR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.15-1.36]), emotional maturity (OR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.08-1.28]), language and cognitive development (OR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.04-1.26]), and multiple domains (OR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.09-1.27]). No significant associations were found in our matched sibling pair analysis, but effect sizes remained above 1 for physical health and social competences. More research is needed to determine whether fetal exposure to prenatal depression may predispose to childhood vulnerability on physical health and well-being, language and cognition, and socio-emotional domains. Prenatal depression is common (9-22% of pregnancies) and research has suggested a negative impact on the developing fetal brain but data on long term child development following prenatal depression is sparse. Using a unique population-based dataset with developmental data from children, we found increased risk for developmental vulnerability in physical health and well-being and socio-emotional development. Sibling matched analyses suggested the presence of some residual confounding and associations were no longer statistically significant but effects sizes did not substantially attenuate for physical health and social competence.

Perception of students' motivations in gymnastic activities in physical education classes

Introduction: Gymnastics encompasses a diverse spectrum of practices considered fundamental for students’ education process, promoting their physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development in an integrated manner. Nonetheless, its adoption in the school context falls short compared to other modalities. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reasons behind the lack of enthusiasm for gymnastic activities, examining students' preferences and experiences through the analysis of their perceptions. Methodology: The study group consisted of a total of 232 participants from a school cluster located in Oliveira de Azeméis, from the 5th, 7th, and 10th grades, to ensure the representativeness of the early years of each study cycle, specifically the initial, intermediate, and final stages. An adapted version of the questionnaire by Silva and Ferro (2016) was used for data collection, as well as version 29 of the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for data analysis. Results: Age did not significantly influenced the enjoyment of gymnastic activities; a significant association was noted between gender and the enjoyment of the practice, as well as between gender and the perception of gymnastics as a feminine modality; there was a significant association between the appreciation of gymnastics in the school context and its practice outside of it, as well as with the perceived difficulty in its execution. Conclusions: Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective strategies that promote gymnastics in schools, ensuring that students can benefit from its advantages.

Coupling Agricultural Green Development and Park City Development: An Empirical Analysis from Chengdu, China

The development of park cities is an important exploration for better satisfying people’s aspirations for a better life, promoting sustainable social development, and advancing the transformation of green ecological values. As a basic industry for sustainable development, the combination of agriculture and urban development is an important way to build an ecological civilization. Clarifying the relationship between a park city and green development of agriculture is of great significance to the construction of a green base and ecological system of the city, sustainable development of agriculture, and integrated development of urban and rural areas. Chengdu is a mega-city in western China, and the Chengdu-led park city development program is unique in Chinese urban development. Chengdu’s park city development is a pioneering example of urban ecological civilization construction. Taking Chengdu as an example and combining the data of other prefecture-level cities in Sichuan, this study explored the correlation and interaction between agricultural green development (AGD) and park city development (PCD) in Chengdu and other prefecture-level cities in Sichuan from 2011 to 2022 based on the coupling coordination degree, gray correlation degree, and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results showed the following: (1) Based on the entropy method, the level of AGD in Chengdu rises from 0.353 in 2011 to 0.537 in 2022, and the level of PCD rises from 0.368 to 0.826. The level of AGD and the level of PCD as a whole show an upward trend. (2) The degree of coupling and coordination between the PCD and AGD levels rises from 0.600 to 0.816, realizing the leap from coordination to good coordination, and the degree of coupling has been at a high level. (3) Based on the grey correlation degree, in the process of the influence of AGD on the PCD, the correlation degree of the influencing factors of each indicator is basically above 0.5, and each influencing factor has a strong contribution to the level of the PCD. (4) Spatial self-analysis shows that the coupling coordination degree of AGD and PCD in a region is affected by the neighboring region. Therefore, we believe that AGD plays a more obvious role in driving and radiating PCD and that it can effectively promote the economic, social, and ecological upgrading in the process of PCD.