Development Of Sharia Banking Research Articles

Understanding Riba, Profit, And Fines in Sharia Banking

The debate and problem of riba, profit, and fines particular its practices in Sharia Banking among scholars, academics, the public, practitioners, business people, and religious organizations in Indonesia until now still reap a lot of opinions and controversy that affects the level of public trust in Sharia Banking, resulting in less growth in the market share of Sharia Banking compared to conventional banking even though Sharia Banking governance, performance, quality of compliance, image, and goodwill of Sharia Banking have adjusted to Islamic sharia. The research method used in this research is a literature study method that can be focused on the concept of usury, profit, and fines according to Sharia Banking. The results show that usury can be avoided through buying and selling transactions rather than lending and borrowing, but various understandings and information about usury do not necessarily advance the economy and Sharia Banking in Indonesia. The development of Sharia Banking faces various obstacles, including different understandings of usury among scholars, the public, business people, and a lack of encouragement from the government. Although the Sharia Banking system has been adapted to Islamic law, the market share of Sharia Banking in Indonesia is still relatively small, only 7.3% compared to conventional banking which reaches 92.7%. To increase the market share of Sharia Banking, it is necessary to increase public trust and awareness of Sharia Banking.

THE ROLE OF SHARIA AUDITORS IN ENSUREING COMPLIANCE OF SHARIA FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN SHARIA BANK

The current development of sharia banking has encouraged the need for sharia auditors because sharia auditors have a role in sharia compliance. This research aims for sharia auditors to ensure the compliance of sharia financial institutions. This type of research uses a qualitative method, a descriptive approach with literature study data. The results of this research show that ensuring compliance of sharia financial institutions is in accordance with sharia financial concepts. Sharia auditors must have competence in the field of sharia accounting and auditing.

The Influence of Management Commitment and Information Technology Capabilities on Sustainable Value Creation (Survey on Sharia in Jakarta)

Sharia banks as sharia financial institutions have a role as intermediary institutions to carry out transactions with the community in accordance with the concept of maqasid sharia, namely the purpose of establishing sharia banks is to protect religion, protect the soul, protect the mind, protect descendants, and protect the environment (1) Sharia banking is expected to become a leading banking industry in providing financial services that contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are development that maintains a sustainable increase in the economic welfare of society, development that maintains the sustainability of life social community, and implementing the principle of Creating Shared Value (CSV) which is actually the basic essence of implementing maqashid sharia in the sharia economy (OJK, 2020). This research is very important for the development of sharia banking in Indonesia which is currently facing competition with conventional banking. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of Management Commitment, IT Capability on Sustainability Value Creation. Quantitative research method using PLS analysis tools. The data used is primary data (Questionnaire) with employee respondents at sharia banks in DKI Jakarta. The research results concluded that Information Technology Capabilities and Management Commitment were proven to influence Sustainable Value Creation.

Dampak Bunga (Riba) Terhadap Perkembangan Perbankan Syari’ah di Indonesia

This article tries to raise the theme of the impact of interest (usury) on the development of sharia banking in Indonesia. In the Islamic view, interest paid by conventional banks is included in usury. The practice of usury isu haram because usury is an act that exceeds the nominal amount of the loan. This action is contrary to the teachings of the Islamic religion, Islamic teachings do not allow making additions in the wrong way which can cause injustice. The research method used is a qualitative method by collecting several materials, legal sources and other comparative research materials. This qualitative method uses a secondary approach. A secondary approach can make it easier to obtain discussions from various references and information from various literature studies. The materials and objects used are journals and books. To strengthen understanding, the author emphasizes looking for various relevant journals and various opinions of figures. The research results show that the practice of bank interest (usury) cannot be avoided in the banking industry as a financial institution and an intermediation medium between surplus units (lenders) and deficit units (borrowers). Riba is additional (ziyadah) without compensation that occurs due to delays in previously agreed payments. There are 2 types of usury which can be grouped into 2, namely debt usury and buying and selling usury. The prohibition of usury has also been regulated in several verses and authentic hadiths where a person is commanded to avoid usury because it will harm oneself and others. Overcoming this requires efforts to avoid losses due to the negative impacts it causes. As a result, it creates various economic impacts felt by society, such as gaps in economic growth.

Islamic Banking and Unemployment: Determining Factors of Unemployment Rate and its Implications on Poverty Level

Purpose: This research aims to analyze whether the development of sharia banking and several other variables such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), population and social factors have a significant effect on the unemployment rate and poverty alleviation in Indonesia. Method: this research uses quantitative research with the research object being Indonesian macroeconomic data using semiannual data for the period 2010 – 2020. The analysis used is multivariate analysis based on the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). Results and conclusions: This research finds that social variables have a negative influence on the unemployment rate compared to population, Islamic banking, or GDP. Another finding is that GDP and Islamic banking have a very detrimental impact on poverty levels. This is different from the unemployment rate which has a positive impact. Regarding the use of mediating factors, namely the unemployment rate, it turns out that sharia banking, population and GDP do not have a significant effect on the poverty rate. However, the amount of poverty is negatively influenced by social variables. implications: This research provides implications for government policy to continue to strengthen capital policies, networks, education and socialization of sharia banking. Apart from that, systematic, conducive, serious and measurable positive efforts in various economic sectors will have an impact on poverty alleviation. Originality/value: This research offers novelty in the form of connecting Islamic banking with poverty levels and is found to have a negative relationship. We use data from 2010 to 2020. We suspect that this condition is caused by a lack of Indonesian government policies regarding capital, networks and education.

Study of the Differentiation of Conventional Credit Card and Sharia Card Products in Sharia Banks

The development of sharia banking in Indonesia has experienced quite significant growth. It is based on the innovation of the credit card product issued by Sharia banking, namely the Syariah Card. This research aims to explain the differences between conventional credit card products and sharia cards regarding mechanism and product use. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research results found that the differences between conventional credit card products and Sharia cards are in the transaction agreement scheme used, interest and the use of fees (juror) on Sharia cards. The existence of Sharia cards refers to the fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council regarding the permissibility of Sharia credit cards No.54/DSN-MUI/X/2006 concerning Sharia Cards. The difference between Sharia cards and conventional credit cards is that Sharia cards are not allowed to charge interest but only remuneration (juror) or fees from each transaction. Conventional credit cards use interest-based because they assume the "time value of money" is money. It is just a medium of exchange that turns into a commodity that can reproduce only because of the opportunity factor of time, without the role of humans who work on it. Sharia banking needs to use this as a reference in making products for the public.

Analisis Kinerja Keuangan PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Periode 2021-2022

This article discusses the development of sharia banking in Indonesia, with a focus on the financial performance of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia. After experiencing the financial crisis in 1998 and the global crisis in 2008, Islamic banks continued to exist and showed resilience to the impact of the crisis. In 2015, the government plans to merge three state-owned sharia banks to increase efficiency and encourage sharia economic growth. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the financial performance of Bank Syariah Indonesia based on profitability, liquidity and solvency ratios. The research method uses a quantitative descriptive approach with data analysis from Bank Syariah Indonesia's financial reports for the 2021-2022 period. The research results show good financial performance, with profitability, liquidity and solvency ratios entering the good to very good category. This article contributes to understanding the contribution of Islamic banks to the national economy through financial performance evaluation.

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Customer Service Dan Kepuasan Nasabah Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Pada Bank Syariah Indonesia Kantor Kas IAIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Kota Jambi

In the current era of globalization, the rapid growth and development of sharia banking in Indonesia has given rise to competition between sharia financial institutions which is getting tighter from year to year, therefore both state and private banks are launching various strategies to attract potential customers or existing customers. Are interested so that they remain loyal customers. Service quality and customer satisfaction are one of several factors that influence customer loyalty. Service quality is expected to provide encouragement to customers to maintain a strong relationship with the bank. Customer satisfaction shapes customer perceptions and can then position the product in their minds. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of customer service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty at Bank Syariah Indonesia, IAIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Caash Office, Jambi City. The Number ofsamples in this research was 100 people and used a non-probability sampling technique, namely incidental sampling. Multiple Regression Analysis is used as a data analysis technique. The research result show that service quality and customer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. Based on data analysis in this research, these variables are valis and reliable. When testing classical assumptions with a normal distribution, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity do not occour.

Problematika dan Perkembangan Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia dalam Era Globalisasi

This research aims to analyze the problems and development of sharia banking in Indonesia in the context of globalization. Sharia banking in Indonesia has experienced significant development during the era of globalization. Globalization is a process of international integration that occurs due to the exchange of world views, products, thoughts and other cultural aspects. The progress of transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the emergence of the telegraph and the Internet, is a major factor in globalization which increasingly encourages interdependence of economic and cultural activities. The era of globalization has brought changes to the world economic order and presented challenges and opportunities for sharia banking. However, with the development of sharia banking, various problems and challenges have arisen that need to be overcome, the central problem is the lack of socialization and education to the community, as well as competition with conventional institutions which is also a challenge for sharia banking in Indonesia. The analysis method used by the author is a qualitative approach. The results of the research in this journal are the innovation of Islamic banking products, developing digital banking and increasing human resources as a strategy for the development of Islamic banking in Indonesia in the era of globalisation.

Islamic Banks: Analysis Of The Rules Of Fiqh On The Fatwa Of The National Sharia Board-Indonesian Ulama Council

Both directly and indirectly, Sharia banking regulations in Indonesia are heavily influenced by the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council. In its fatwas, the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council cites many fiqh principles as one of its legal foundations which shows that fiqh rules occupy a crucial position in the fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council. But unfortunately, research and scientific studies related to fiqh principles are currently still relatively few and receive less attention from academics. Therefore, this study aims to find out how fiqh principles are used in the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council fatwas related to sharia banking to fill the void in scientific studies and attract scientific interest in this field. This research is normative legal research/legal research. The data used in this study were obtained from the Sharia Banking Fatwa Association compiled by the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council. The data is then analyzed using a qualitative content analysis technique, which analyzes the contents of various texts and then systematically transforms them into a very organized and concise main summary. The results of this study indicate that from 2000 to 2018, the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council issued 90 fatwas related to Islamic banking. Of the 90 fatwas, 87 fatwas used fiqh principles as one of their legal foundations. Overall, the fiqh principles used in the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa regarding Islamic banking total 39 principles with a frequency of use of 266 times. Where the rule "Basically, all forms of muamalah may be carried out unless there is an argument that forbids it" is the rule most often used with a frequency of use of 85 times and Fatwa 118/DSN-MUI/II/2018 concerning Guidelines for Guaranteeing Deposits for Customers of Sharia Banks is a fatwa that the most use of fiqh rules is as many as 11 rules. Then, the generalization of the 39 fiqh principles used in the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa regarding sharia banking has at least produced several theories, namely the theory of origin law, the theory of maslahat, the customary theory, the Khilafah theory, the wasilah theory, the promise theory, the majority theory, and several another theory. In addition, the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council fatwas related to sharia banking has also made a positive contribution to the development of sharia banking in Indonesia. Finally, for future researchers, we provide suggestions in the form of future research related to the principles of fiqh and the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa.

MAQASHID SHARIA THINKING PERSPECTIVE OF IBNU ASSYUR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHARIA BANKING

Ibn Asyur was the second originator who made the concept of Maqashid Syariah into all scientific disciplines after Al Syathabi, in line with the journey of maqashid Syariah to become a field of knowledge. Sharia banking is also the second concept after the presence of conventional banking, but that is not a thing that prevents Islamic banking from continuing to grow and develop to spread benefits. Ibnu Asyur in his thoughts conveyed the similarity between maqashid sharia and the main objective of establishing sharia banking. Maqashid sharia in the perspective of Ibn Asyur can produce indicators of growth and development of sharia banking to be very rapid and of course still useful for Muslims and humanity in general.

Manajemen Risiko Perbankan Syariah

Nowaday, the development of sharia banking on a global scale is increasing rapidly marked by major advances in muamalah issues due to the emergence of the desire of the majority of Muslims to practice Islam in a comprehensive manner, including in the field of Islamic economics, especially sharia banking. In carrying out its operational activities, sharia banks must implement sharia principles so that a good regulatory framework is needed in order to create a good environment for the growth and development of the sharia banking industry and the stability of the financial sector as a whole. The effectivity of risk management in Islamic banks needs special attention because there are many complex issues that need to be better understood, especially related to the nature of the specific risks faced by Islamic banks simultaneously related to the ways and methods of Islamic financing through the use of a combination of methods and contracts that are permissible related issues regarding returns or PLS (profit loss sharing) and non-PLS so that this paper will raise a number of issues in risk measurement, recognition, collateral adequacy and others. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss various solutions, innovations and appropriate adjustments from the aspect of risk management related to the special characteristics of Islamic financial products and services in Islamic banking.

Bank operational training to improve the competence of teachers of Islamic banking expertise

The development of sharia banking in Indonesia makes the need for competent human resources continues to increase. It is an opportunity for vocational high schools (SMK) to produce graduates with sharia banking competencies, such as SMK Muhammadiyah Dukun in Magelang. However, the relatively new sharia banking department is one of the obstacles to producing competent graduates. SMK has problems in the competence of teachers and learning facilities. This service carries out several activities to deal with these problems, organizing basic training in sharia banking, carrying out practical field activities (in collaboration with practitioners and the sharia finance industry), internships in sharia financial institutions, create modules for teaching materials for the teaching and learning process) and assist in solving competency test case questions. The output of this activity is the availability of modules and certified teachers by the National Professional Certification Agency (BNSP), which are indicators of mastery of related competencies.

Peran Religiusitas Sebagai Variabel Moderating Pengetahuan, Persepsi Produk Bank Syariah dan Literasi Keuangan Tehadap Minat Investasi Syariah

The progressive development of sharia banking in Indonesia is quite significant, so many use sharia-based products, one of which is sharia investment. Apart from Islamic law, several factors influence students to invest in sharia: knowledge, perceptions of sharia banking products, and financial literacy. This study was conducted to determine the effect of knowledge, perceptions of sharia bank products, and financial literacy with religiosity as a moderating variable on sharia investment interest. This research utilizes quantitative research methods with purposive sampling as a sampling technique with 100 students as respondents. Google form is used as a research instrument to obtain the accuracy of the results. Then the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. From the results of this research analysis, knowledge can influence interest in sharia's investment. However, it is less significant on the variable interest in sharia investment. At the same time, the perceptions of Sharia bank products and financial literacy have a positive and significant effect on interest in Sharia investment. Then religiosity can moderate knowledge, perceptions of sharia bank products, and financial literacy on sharia investment interest.

The Future of Blockchain Technology for Sharia Banking in Indonesia

In nowadays era, sharia banking shall face many challenges. Sharia banking shall be able to create innovation and disruption to avoid being eroded by current development. Blockchain is one of the technology disruptions. It may potentially applicable within sharia finance industry including sharia banking, outside its use related to the sale and purchase of crypto asset. This research discusses on how to use blockchain technologi for the development of sharia banking as well as on what are the opportunity and challenges in applying blockchain for sharia banking in Indonesia. This is a normative legal research with using descriptive-qualitative data analysis method. Data in this research is secondary data which consist of primary legal sources and secondary legal sources. The former are laws and regulations related to blockchain and sharia banking. The latter are books, academic writings, journals and other primary-source-explanatory documents. The results in this research show that sharia finance industry especially banking can utilize blockchain such as by using its smart contract, for the collection of zakat, improvement of waqf utility, effective and efficient halal supply chain. The opportunity of blockchain are there have been OJK and BI regulation concerning blockchain in certain area, support of blockchain development manifested in Sharia Economic Masterplan, demographic bonus in Indonesia, the use of smart contract, the use of blockchain for supporting halal supply chain, zakat collection, waqf utility, as well as the security guarantee in minimalizing fraud risk. Among others, the challenges blockchain shall face are, the policy and regulations of blockchain are still limited to only in some sectors such as payment and equity crowdfunding, there is no fatwa from MUI (Indonesian Ulema Board) regarding the use of blockchain for sharia economic activities, and the complexity of blockchain.

DAMPAK KINERJA PERBANKAN SYARIAH (BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI) SETELAH DILANDA PANDEMI COVID 19

The Covid-19 pandemic is increasingly spreading to all countries in the world, including Indonesia. all of which are all sectors including the economic sector experiencing contraction as experienced by Islamic banks. However, Islamic banking is categorized as a financial sector that is still able to withstand the storm of the crisis. The purpose of this study is to analyze the banking performance of Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) after being hit by the covid-19 pandemic, the method used is a qualitative descriptive method accompanied by a sample of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. The secondary data obtained is in the form of data analysis on the development of sharia banking in the creation of COVID-19 based on Third Party Funds (DPK). Source of data for the period January to July 2020 which can be from Islamic bank report data. The results of in-depth research that the performance of Islamic banking based on third party funds (DPK) fluctuated

The Performance of Competitiveness of Sharia Banking (Indonesia-Pakistan) Using Porter's Diamond Theory

This article provides an overview of the condition of the competitiveness of Islamic banking performance in Indonesia and Pakistan using the porter's diamond theory descriptive analysis method, namely (i) resource variables with indicators of Institutional Performance and Financial Performance, (ii) Demand Variables with Market share and financing indicators (iii) Industry variables related to indicators of the number of sharia business units, (iv) Strategy variables with the roadmap for the development of sharia banking. The conclusions in this study are: 1) The competitive advantages of Islamic banking in Indonesia in 2016-2020 namely Institutional Performance of Islamic commercial banks, average profit growth and average growth of third party funds, compared with the same indicators on Islamic banking in Pakistan. 2) Competitiveness of Islamic banking in Pakistan in 2016-2020, namely the Financial Ratio of NPF, FDR and BOPO which ranked first in terms of bank health level, and the average market share growth andfinancing growth compared to the same indicators in Islamic banking in Indonesia.Keywords: Islamic Banking Performance, Competitiveness, Diamond Porter theory.

The Legal Reform Policy on the Shariah Supervisory Board Role’s in Indonesian Shariah Banks

<p>As Muslim majority country, Indonesia experiences the mushrooming of banks based on Islamic values (called shariah banking). The existence of sharia banking is followed by legal policies intended to support the progress of the business sector, including regulations regarding the Sharia Advisory Board, but the question is whether the policy is effective in the development of sharia banking in Indonesia. Adherent to that context, this study aims to examine the issues faced by the Sharia Supervisory Board in Indonesia. This article argues that there are at least fifth substantial problems related to the policies of the Sharia Supervisory Board in Indonesia, namely: (1) not all Shariah Supervisory Boards in Islamic business units have supported by a strong legal basis on which their operations are inducted to; (2) members of the Shariah Supervisory Board are appointed mostly based on their charisma and popularity in society, not of their knowledge and experience in related field; (3)ideally Shariah Supervisory Board must have recognized the banking system before becoming Shariah Supervisory Board, but the basic knowledge is not easy to understand when entering on technical issues; (4) many Shariah Supervisory Boards are not focused on shariah banks supervision duty because of their multi profession; (5) lack of advice related to product innovation and social needs issues</p>

The Role of Payment Tools Using Card to Stability of Sharia Banking Financial System

The financial system has a very strategic role in supporting economic activities. The financial system which is part of the economic system carries out an intermediary function that allocates funds from parties who experience excess funds (surpluses) to those who lack funds (deficit). Islamic financial system is a financial system that bridges between those who need funds and those who are excess funds through financial products and services that are in accordance with Islamic principles. The Development of Card Based Payment Instruments in Indonesia and the development of sharia banking in Indonesia experienced harmonious and positive growth from 2012 to 2020. If it is associated with the development of Card Based Payment Instruments that the author can conclude that the use of electronic cards such as credit cards, cards ATM and ATM debit cards have a very important and positive role for the development of sharia banking financial stability, namely sharia banking business activities because the use of electronic cards will further enhance sharia banking business activities, namely funding, lending, and services.

A strategy for strengthening public perception toward sharia banking

The number of Muslims in Indonesia reaches 85% of the total population of 270 million, but the progress of the Islamic economics in the country is stagnant. This is evidenced by the sharia banking assets, which only reach 5% and never increase every year. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the primary obstacles hindering the development of sharia banking, from the perspective of sharia banking per se, and not from the society, as was the case in most previous studies. Besides, this study offers a strategy through a combination of Ibn Khaldun’s ashabiyyah and social construction theory of Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann to strengthen the public perception toward sharia banking. The method used to reveal the obstacles is a field survey method in the form of an obstacle’s questionnaire with optional answers, which were distributed to several Islamic banks as samples, and then the most selected answers are calculated. Meanwhile, to find a strategic solution, it is necessary to review the literature using a philosophical approach. The results of a questionnaire that was distributed to several Islamic banks indicate three primary obstacles: low level of public awareness about the use of sharia banking (80 %), low level of public understanding and knowledge on sharia banking products (60 %), and low level of government support for sharia banking (40 %). Meanwhile, the theoretical application of asabiyyah theory with the help of the social construction theory can be used to strengthen public perceptions of Islamic banking through a three-stage process: externalization, objectivation and internalization.