Resource Development Research Articles

A Novel Framework to Evaluate the Effect of Strategic Systems Thinking on Sustainable Supply Chain Risks, LARG Capabilities and Performance

Supply chain (SC) disruptions created due to sustainable, social, economic, environmental and technical risks are mitigated by lean, agile, resilient and green (LARG) capabilities across the SC node. This study aims at the assessment and alignment of SC risks and capabilities for a strategic fit of appropriate practices resulting in performance, efficiency and continuity of operations. The novelty of this research work is the investigation of the direct and mediating effects of strategic system thinking (SST) between SC risks, capabilities and performance. A survey comprising of 78 items was administered to 255 managers of Pakistan automotive SC industries. The exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were executed to identify the valid constructs along with their reliability and validity. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the conceptual model by establishing the second order constructs. SEM results indicated only technical risks having negative significant effect with performance. In terms of capabilities, the general, efficiency, integration as well as the redundant resources were found to have significant association with SC performance. The SST approach was found to be significantly associated with technical risks and capabilities such as general, recovery and redundancy. The hypothesis of SST as a mediating variable across all factors was not observed to be valid in this research. This study can help in the policy and decision-making as well as strategic assessment, planning, development, positioning and alignment of resources across the sustainable SC. The operations can be influenced positively through system integration and conservation of resources for a sustainable performance. The green, environmental and social risks had higher SC impact and need to be focused upon in Pakistan automotive SC for higher performance and sustainability.

Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Efektivitas Kinerja Pegawai Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Pemerintah Kota dan Kabupaten Malang

This research aims to examine the variables that influence performance effectiveness and their influence on employees at the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency of the Malang City and Regency Government. The type of research used is quantitative with a descriptive approach. Primary data in this study used a questionnaire which was distributed using a questionnaire sheet. The population in this study were employees of the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency of the Malang City and Regency Government and a sample of 99 respondents. Using the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis method 3. Based on the research results, it shows that the work motivation variable is not significant on the effectiveness of employee performance at the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency of the Malang City Government. And the Organizational Culture variable is significant for the effectiveness of employee performance in the Malang City Government Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency employees. It can be concluded that this shows that the work motivation of employees of the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency in Malang City and Regency has not been able to reduce the level of performance effectiveness. This shows that the better the organizational culture that exists among the employees of the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency in Malang City and Regency, the lower the level of performance effectiveness.

Building Student Competencies through Socialization of Digital Transformation and HR Development in the Age of Technology

This community service aims to build student competencies in facing the challenges of digital transformation and human resource development (HR) in the technological era. This activity is carried out through socialization and training that aims to increase students' understanding of the importance of digital literacy, technology skills, and the development of soft skills needed in the modern world of work. The methods used include counseling, interactive discussions, and hands-on practice on various aspects of digital transformation, such as the use of digital platforms, data management, and character and competency development relevant to current industry needs. The results of this activity show that the socialization and training provided can increase students' knowledge and awareness of digital transformation and the importance of developing adaptive and innovative human resources. Thus, this activity is expected to help students prepare to compete in the technological era and become a competent workforce ready to face change.

Determination of ecological flow based on probability distributions of annual and monthly flows

ABSTRACT Developing scientifically sound ecological flow is crucial for protecting river ecosystems. However, most of the existing hydrological methods for determining ecological flow make it difficult to consider both inter-annual and intra-annual changes in runoff. To compensate for this shortcoming, this paper proposes an innovative ecological flow determination method based on the probability distributions of annual and monthly flows. Marginal distributions of annual and monthly flows are first fitted, and the Copula function is used to create joint probability distributions of annual and monthly flows. Conditional probabilities for different monthly flow sizes under different annual flow conditions are then calculated based on Bayesian inference. The conditional probabilities are combined with the flow–duration curve-–based method to finalize the ecological flow process considering both intra- and inter-annual runoff changes. A case study was conducted in Jinsha River, China. The results show that the total annual ecological water demand of the Jinsha River is 1.50, 1.25, and 1.04 × 1011 m3 under annual flow scenarios of high, medium, and low flows, respectively, which provide a red line for the development of water resources and hydro-energy resources of the Jinsha River, as well as for the better protection of the natural plant and animal species.

Visual MODFLOW, solute transport modeling, and remote sensing techniques for adapting aquifer potentiality under reclamation and climate change impacts in coastal aquifer

Global environmental changes, such as climate change and reclamation alterations, significantly influence hydrological processes, leading to hydrologic nonstationarity and challenges in managing water availability and distribution. This study introduces a conceptual underpinning for the rational development and sustainability of groundwater resources. As one of the areas intended for the development projects within the Egyptian national plan for the reclamation of one and a half million acres; hundreds of pumping wells were constructed in the Moghra area to fulfill the reclamation demand. This study investigates the long-term impacts of exploiting the drilled pumping wells under climate change. The approach is to monitor the groundwater levels and the salinity values in the Moghra aquifer with various operational strategies and present proposed sustainable development scenarios. The impact of global warming and climate change is estimated for a prediction period of 30 years by using satellite data, time series geographical analysis, and statistical modeling. Using MODFLOW and Solute Transport (MT3DMS) modules of Visual MODFLOW USGS 2005 software, a three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference model is created to simulate groundwater flow and salinity distribution in the Moghra aquifer with the input of forecast downscaling (2020–2050) of main climatic parameters (PPT, ET, and Temp). The optimal adaptation-integrated scenario to cope with long-term groundwater withdrawal and climate change impacts is achieved when the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Resources (MWRI) recommends that the maximum drawdown shouldn’t be more significant than 1.0 m/ year. In this scenario, 1,500 pumping wells are distributed with an equal space of 500 m, a pumping rate of 1,200 m3/day and input the forecast of the most significant climatic parameters after 30 years. The output results of this scenario revealed a drawdown level of 42 m and a groundwater salinity value of 16,000 mg/l. Climate change has an evident impact on groundwater quantity and quality, particularly in the unconfined coastal aquifer, which is vulnerable to saltwater intrusion and pollution of drinking water resources. The relationship between climate change and the hydrologic cycle is crucial for predicting future water availability and addressing water-related issues.

Quantitative prediction of water quality in Dongjiang Lake watershed based on LUCC

Land Use/ Cover Change (LUCC) plays a crucial role in influencing hydrological processes, nutrient cycling, and sediment transport in watersheds, ultimately impacting water quality on both spatial and temporal scales. Accurately predicting changes in watershed water quality is beneficial for the sustainable management of water resources. Current models often lack the ability to effectively predict water quality changes in a dynamic spatio-temporal context, particularly in complex watershed environments. The overall purpose of the study is to establish a comprehensive and dynamic modeling framework that links LUCC with water quality, allowing for accurate predictions of future water quality under varying land use scenarios. The model, which uses water quality as the dependent variable and LUCC as the independent variable, was developed to quantitatively predict changes in watershed water quality. To achieve this, annual multi-period remote sensing images from Landsat-5, Landsat-8 or Sentinel-2 satellites spanning from 1992 to 2022 were analyzed. Random Forest (achieving a Kappa coefficient of 0.9468) were employed to classify land use within the watershed. Based on classification results, a Cellular Automata-Markov chain model (CA-Markov) was constructed to simulate and predict the spatio-temporal patterns of land use, incorporating driving factors such as proximity to water systems, roads, elevation, and slope. Validation of the model using LUCC data from 2020 yielded a high prediction accuracy with a Kappa coefficient of 0.9505. The CA-Markov model was further utilized to project LUCC under three different scenarios—natural development, ecological protection, and arable land protection—between 2023 and 2033. Based on these projections, the coupled water quality and LUCC model was employed to predict water quality changes in the watershed over the same period. Key findings indicate that water quality is likely to improve under ecological protection scenario, while deterioration is expected under natural development scenario and cropland protection scenario due to urban expansion, agricultural practices, and water diversion for irrigation. This study provides a robust framework for watershed management, offering scientific guidance for source management and water purification efforts, thereby contributing significantly to the sustainable development of water resources.

Fireside Chat with Benjamin William Cashore: The Role of National Policies in Driving Sustainable Development of Vital Resources

Fireside Chat with Benjamin William Cashore: The Role of National Policies in Driving Sustainable Development of Vital Resources

Resource Mobilization, Social Capital, Religion, and Protest across Latin America

What factors predispose an individual to engage in protest? Previous studies argue pre‐existing social institutions provide the social capital and resource mobilization that facilitate collective action and protest movements, but less work has examined how this social capital and resource capacity develops. Utilizing more than 200,000 individuals surveyed across eighteen Latin American countries from the years 2002 through 2018, this study finds institutional decentralization by the Catholic Church is positively associated with individual propensities to engage in protest. Catholic decentralization is theorized to overcome free rider problems and enable the development of grassroots social capital and resources that empower collective action.

Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di MA Unggulan KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah Jombang

Education is the main foundation in the development of individuals and communities, until now the quality of education is still a topic of discussion in the community. The main role of education is to improve the quality of human resources, one of the solutions is through school based management (MBS) as resourve management to improve the quality of education. The purpose of the research is: (1) knowing the school based management in MA Unggulan KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah. (2) knows efforts to improve the quality of education in MA Unggulan KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah. (3) knowing the obstacles and solutions to improve the quality of education in MA Unggulan KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive with interviewing, observation, and documentation techniques. The date sources used in this study are primary sources and secondary sources. Based on the results of research, it can be concluded that MA Unggulan KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah has succeeded in implementing MBS effectively to improve the quality of education. In an effort to improve the quality of education, MA Unggulan KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah has implemented various schools based management strategies that focus on human resource development, teacher quality improvement, and more effective curriculum development. The strong leadership of the principal and the full commitment of all school staff are major factors in the successful implementation of MBS. The implementation of MBS is also supported by the use of technology to facilitate school administration management, learning, and communication between stakeholders. It has also helped to improve efficiency and effectiveness in the educational process in schools. In improving the quality of education, it mus also be accompanied by several obstacles and accompanied by concrete solutions.

Exploring the role of regional capacity in human resource development in Indonesia

The role of local government in regional development planning is an essential topic in the context of sustainable local development. This study aimed to analyze the role of local governments in regional development planning and their impact on the effectiveness and sustainability of development at the local level. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis related to regional development policies and regulations. This research was conducted in several districts/cities in certain regions, considering diverse geographical, social, and economic contexts. The results showed that the role of local governments in regional development planning is vital in coordinating various interests, resources, and related actors. Local governments act as regulators, facilitators, and implementers in determining the direction, policies, and allocation of development resources. In addition, community and private-sector involvement is also recognized as an integral part of democratic and inclusive planning processes. The impact of the role of local governments in regional development planning can be seen in increasing the effectiveness of development programs, increasing community participation, reducing regional disparities, and improving the community’s quality of life. Nevertheless, challenges such as corruption, lack of interagency coordination, and political uncertainty remain obstacles that must be overcome. This study concludes that the role of local governments in regional development planning is a critical factor in achieving sustainable regional development. Therefore, measures are needed to strengthen institutional capacity, increase transparency, and strengthen public participation to ensure sustainable and inclusive development planning at the local level.

Impact of Landscape Patterns on Water Quality in Urbanized Rivers at Characteristic Scale: A Case of Pearl River Delta, China.

The impacts of landscape patterns on river water quality are commonly acknowledged, but understanding the complex processes by which landscape patterns affect water quality is still limited, especially in densely populated urban areas. Exploring the mechanisms through which landscape characteristics influence water quality changes in urbanized rivers will benefit regional water resource protection and landscape-scale resource development and utilization. Utilizing daily water quality monitoring data from rivers in the urbanized area of the Pearl River Delta in 2020, our research employed canonical analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to explore the processes and mechanisms of the influence of urbanized river landscape patterns on surface water quality. The results indicated that total nitrogen (TN) was the critical indicator limiting the water quality of rivers in the Pearl River Delta. The landscape composition and configuration indexes exhibited non-linear variations with scale, and the landscape fragmentation was higher closer to the river. Landscape patterns had the most significant influence on water quality under the characteristic scale of a 5.50 km circular buffer zone, and landscape composition dominated the change of water quality of urbanized rivers, among which 30.64% of the percentage patch area of construction (C_PLAND) contributed 46.40% to the explanation rate of water quality change, which was the key landscape index affecting water quality. Moreover, landscape patterns had a higher interpretive rate of 39.29% on water quality in the wet season compared to 36.62% in the dry season. Landscape composition had an indirect negative impact on water quality, with a value of 0.47, by affecting the processes of runoff and nutrient migration driven by human activities, while landscape configuration had an indirect negative impact on water quality, with a value of 0.11. Our research quantified the impacts of landscape patterns driven by human activities on surface water quality and proposed management measures to optimize the allocation of landscape resources in riparian zones of urbanized rivers. The results provide a scientific basis for water quality management and protection in urbanized rivers.

MODERN POLITICAL PROCESSES AND MECHANISMS FOR ENSURING GEO-ECOLOGICAL SECURITY THE NORTHERN CASPIAN REGION (THE CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

The article examines the complex of issues of geo-ecological safety of the Northern Caspian Sea as the most important ecological zone of the Caspian Sea. This sector is under the jurisdiction of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, has a commonality of political, socio-economic and environmental problems that determine the unity of vision of the diversity of interrelated components of the environment. The increasing activity of the countries of the Caspian region associated with the development of natural resource and transport and communication potentials is accompanied by an increase in environmental imbalance. The preservation of the integrity of the ecological system of the Caspian Sea is possible through the formation of a single economic space. Modern approaches are presented on the basis of the application of comparative, structural and functional research methods, as well as the development of political and environmental mechanisms for the study of the most important factors and conditions according to the criteria of the community of homogeneous components of the natural environment and resource base, political and other conditions. The software management of these processes is predicted by the author both on an interstate basis and at the national level. As a result of the analysis, the political mechanism for ensuring the geo-ecological security of the Northern Caspian region is considered, which is characterized by a set of regional features, the main of which is the recognition of the unity of the ecological system of the Caspian Sea.

ANALYSIS OF CONTENT RECOMMENDATION METHODS IN INFORMATION SERVICES

The object of the research is the process of selecting a content recommendation method in information services. The study's relevance stems from the rapid development of informational and entertainment resources and the increasing volume of data they operate on, thus prompting the utilisation of recommendation systems to maintain user engagement. Considering the different types of content, it is necessary to address the problem of data filtration based on their characteristics and user preferences. To solve this task, we analysed content-based and collaborative filtering methods using various techniques (model-based, memory-based, and hybrid collaborative filtering techniques), knowledge-based filtering, and hybrid filtering methods. Considering each method's advantages and disadvantages, we chose a hybrid method using model-based collaborative filtering and content-based filtering for the future development of our universal recommendation system.

GUIDELINES FOR THE SERVICE QUALITY DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BOUTIQUE HOTELS THAT ATTRACT DOMESTIC WORKCATION TOURISTS: THE CASE OF PATTAYA CITY, THAILAND

The aims of this study are to 1) study the level of service quality of small boutique hotels in Pattaya City, (2) study the behaviors of Domestic workcation tourists at small boutique hotels in Pattaya City, and (3) suggest guidelines for the service quality development of small boutique hotels that attract domestic workcation tourists in Pattaya City. Small boutique hotels are presently dispersed around the globe, especially in Pattaya City, Thailand, where small boutique hotels are plentiful. Meanwhile, the concept of ‘workcation’ is more recognizable due to its concept of ‘anywhere is an office’. Although this concept is not new, limited studies concerning workcation tourists were found, particularly studies of service quality among small boutique hotels as well as workcation tourists’ behaviors. A mixed research method was used to accomplish the research objectives. For quantitative research, a validated questionnaire was refined to collect data from targeted samples of 400 domestic workcation tourists who had stayed at small boutique hotels in Pattaya City. For qualitative research, a semi-structured in-depth interview was organized to collect data from 30 small boutique hotel entrepreneurs in Pattaya. The results indicated that domestic workcation tourists prioritize the following service quality factors: tangibility (x̄ = 4.51), responsiveness (x̄ = 4.51), reliability (x̄ = 4.48), assurance (x̄ = 4.29), and empathy (x̄ = 4.35). For behavioral studies, the findings revealed that domestic workcation tourists usually traveled alone, spent only one night at the hotels, stayed over five times per year, preferred July–September as a travel period, obtained hotel information via social media, and regularly made reservations through social media platforms. Having an internet connection was crucial to them. Lastly, three dimensions of guidelines were formulated, including human resource development, organization development, and information technology development. The findings give valuable insights for tourism stakeholders to cater domestic workcation tourists in response to the blooming of small boutique hotels in Pattaya, Thailand and other equivalent areas.

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer/Questioning People and Human Resource Development: An Examination of Recent Literature 2010-2020

Topics in human resource development (HRD) related to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer-or-questioning (LGBTQ+) issues have been the subject of research for several decades now. In 2012, Author et al. published results from a systematic review of literature on LGBT people and HRD. They found increases in the amount and variety of articles published on the topic since research began to be published in the mid-1990s. The purpose of this review of literature was to continue where the 2012 article left off and examine both the quantity and type of articles published on LGBT issues in HRD since 2009 and the LGBT-related topics addressed in these articles. Conducting a systematic review of the literature to mirror the method used in the 2012 article, this review of literature compared articles written between 2010 and 2020 with those written before 2010 and discussed Author et al.’s (2012) review. Examined together, the result is a comprehensive history of articles on these topics, published in HRD-focused publications, from the time the very first articles were published through 2020. Articles published on LGBTQ + issues in HRD have evolved in terms of content, and that evolution aligns with the progress made on LGBTQ + rights in general. Articles published in the 1990s and 2000s, for example, focused more on identity issues and coming out processes in the workplace, whereas more recent articles examine career development for LGBTQ + people, workplace diversity, inclusion, support, benefits, and workplace climate. However, despite gains made in LGBTQ + rights in the workplace, the authors noted a decrease in the number of articles published in the 2010-2020 time period, and there were significantly more conceptual pieces and fewer empirical studies. This review concludes with recommendations for future researchers and practitioners in HRD.

A Call for Human Resource Development Scholars to Reinvigorate the Study of Cultural Syndromes and Individual Dimensions

During the 20th century, there was significant growth in the development and understanding of the nuances of identity, behavior, and personality. As globalization has increased, scholarly attention to cultural attunement and cross-cultural studies has also increased. However, despite significant research in the latter half of the 20th century in the areas of the culture syndromes of collectivism and individualism, and the related individual factors of allocentrism and idiocentrism, the development of this body of research has largely plateaued. Human resource development scholars have long touted the importance of their research to be of the nature to benefit practice directly. There is an opportunity to reinvigorate the study of the attributes of these constructs, specifically in the field of human resource development. The body of literature on these individual and cultural dimensions offers promise to enhance organizations’ ability to be strategic in their business development efforts.

Comparative analyses of plastomes in Allaeanthus and Malaisia: structure, evolution, and phylogeny.

The small genera Allaeanthus and Malaisia within the Moraceae have important edible, medicinal, and economic value. However, complete plastome blueprints and a well-resolved evolutionary history of these two genera are still lack, thereby limiting their conservation and application. The recent discovery of a new distribution of Allaeanthus kurzii in Hainan, China, marked by the collection of two unique samples, alongside three samples of Malaisia scandens, has opened new avenues for research. This study aimed to compare the Allaeanthus and Malaisia plastomes of Hainan Province samples with those of samples from other regions, focusing on plastome structure, codon usage bias, natural selection, and the evolutionary history of A. kurzii and M. scandens. The results showed that both species had a quadripartite plastome structure, with sizes ranging from 162,134 to 162,170bp for A. kurzii and 161,235 to 162,134bp for M. scandens. Both species displayed loss of the infA gene and reduction of the rpl22 gene. Two highly variable regions (petD-trnD-GUC and rpl20-clpP) and three highly variable genes (rpl20, petB, and rpl16) were identified in A. kurzii, while two highly variable regions (ycf2-ndhB and ccsA-ndhE) and three highly variable genes (psbT, rpl36, and ycf2) were found in M. scandens. The protein-coding sequences (CDSs) of the Allaeanthus and Malaisia plastomes exhibited similar patterns of adaptive indices and codon usage frequencies. The genes associated with photosynthesis underwent strong purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Allaeanthus, Broussonetia, and Malaisia constituted a monophyletic group, with Malaisia being more closely related to Broussonetia. Broussonetia diversified approximately 19.78 million years ago, Malaisia approximately 4.74 million years ago, and Allaeanthus approximately 16.18 million years ago. These new plastome-based discoveries will guide conservation planners and medicinal plant breeders and genetic resource development for these species in the region.

Influence of Mutation, Promotion And Compensation, on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction In Cross-Functional Programs at The Ministry Of Finance

For human resource development, enhancing organizational synergy and collaboration, the Ministry of Finance implements a cross-functional program involving mutation and promotion among Echelon I Units of the Ministry of Finance. The main point of this research is how job satisfaction and performance are affected by this cross-functional program, considering mutation, promotion, and compensation in their new positions. This research focuses on forty supervisory-level employees who are directly engaged in the cross-functional program, spread across various regions in Indonesia. The independent variables in this research are mutation, promotion, and compensation, while the dependent variable is performance, with job satisfaction acting as an intervening variable. The variables were measured using a Likert scale. Subsequently, data were analyzed using PLS 3.0. The research results indicate that mutation does not significantly influences job satisfaction, promotion and compensation, however, have a positive impact on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction, mutation, and compensation collectively affect performance, while promotion does not exert a significant influence on performance. Furthermore, job satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between mutation and performance, but it does mediate the effects of promotion and compensation on performance.

The Historical Background of Quality Assurance at Laboratório de Imagem Molecular of the Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear

The Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear has a small animals positron emission tomograph in its Laboratório de Imagem Molecular. This equipment, the GE HealthCare LabPET SOLO 4 model, is widely used in preclinical studies related to the development of new radiopharmaceuticals or novel applications of conventional radiopharmaceuticals. The “PET Image Quality” subproject, integrated into the Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear multi-year planning for 2018-2022, proposed actions involving quality assurance and human resources development for the laboratory. This work aims to consolidate the historical trajectory of Quality Assurance at Laboratório de Imagem Molecular of the Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear. A search for documents related to the laboratory was conducted in the institutional quality system, called d-Qualidade, while a search for the curricula vitae of laboratory researchers was performed on the Plataforma Lattes, with the purpose of identifying the main products generated related to the Quality theme in the laboratory. The scientific production of the laboratory team demonstrates its pioneering role in Brazil in developing studies about the Quality Management applied to the small animals positron emission tomogragh. The laboratory history in the field of Quality Management emphasizes its national prominence and reveals the group's commitment over the past decade to significant technical/scientific production.

Assessment of the compliance with minimum quality standards by public primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria

Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2030 relies on the delivery of quality healthcare services through effective primary healthcare (PHC) systems. This necessitates robust infrastructure, adequately skilled health workers and the availability of essential medicines and commodities. Despite the critical role of minimum standards in benchmarking PHC quality, no global consensus on these standards exists. Nigeria has established minimum standards to enhance healthcare accessibility and quality, including the Revised Ward Health System Strategy (RWHSS) by the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA). This paper outlines the evolution of PHC minimum standards in Nigeria, evaluates compliance with RWHSS standards across all public PHC facilities, and examines the implications for ongoing PHC revitalization efforts. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design to assess compliance across 25 736 public PHC facilities in Nigeria. Data collection involved a national survey using a standardized assessment tool focussing on infrastructure, staffing, essential medicines and service delivery. Compliance with RWHSS minimum standards was found to be below 50% across all facilities, with median compliance scores of 40.7%. Outreach posts had a median compliance of 32.6%, level 1 facilities 31.5% and level 2+ facilities 50.9%. Key findings revealed major gaps in health infrastructure, human resources and availability of essential medicines and equipment. Compliance varied regionally, with the North-west showing the highest number of facilities but varied performance across standards. The lessons learned underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and resource allocation to address the identified deficiencies. This study highlights the critical need for regular, comprehensive compliance assessments to guide policy-makers in identifying gaps and strengthening PHC systems in Nigeria. Recommendations include enhancing monitoring mechanisms, improving resource distribution and focussing on infrastructure and human resource development to meet UHC and SDG targets. Addressing these gaps is essential for advancing Nigeria’s healthcare system and ensuring equitable, quality care for all.