Development Of Related Devices Research Articles

CsPbBr3/platinum and CsPbBr3/graphite hybrid photoelectrodes for carbon dioxide conversion to oxalic acid

CsPbBr3 halide perovskites have been recently received a lot of interest in the field of photo and electro catalysis, solar cells, and photodetectors due to their tunable band gap, large absorption coefficient and high carriers’ mobility. However, CsPbBr3 poor water stability limits its real application and the development of related devices. In this work, hybrid CsPbBr3/platinum (Pt) and CsPbBr3/graphite (C) photo-electrodes are employed, for the first time, in aqueous environment for the photo-electrochemical CO2 conversion to liquid products. Hybrid photo-electrodes were prepared depositing CsPbBr3 by spin coating and sputtering Pt or C on top of it to obtain a homogeneous protective layer with the same thickness. Thanks to the Pt and C layers, the instability of the perovskite in water environment is overcome and the new hybrid electrodes obtained still showed the ability to absorb light in the visible region producing photocurrent. The as-obtained photo-electrodes demonstrated energy band values suitable to reduce carbon dioxide by photo-electrocatalytic reaction in water environment. As main results, these hybrid electrodes produced complex organic molecules such as oxalic acid with Faradic efficiencies close to 44% (at −0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl) using graphite in combination with CsPbBr3.

A novel peroral digital cholangioscope with a large accessory channel: An experimental study.

A peroral cholangioscope (POCS) can allow direct visualization of the biliary mucosa and its use is becoming more widespread due to improvements in functionality, image quality, and operability, as well as the development of related devices. Recently, a novel mother-baby peroral cholangioscope (nMB-POCS) with a large (2-mm) accessory channel has been developed. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of this novel POCS in a dry simulation and animal model. We evaluated the ease of insertion and maneuverability of the nMB-POCS, the image quality, and the passage of the devices into the accessory channel and into the common bile duct in a dry and live porcine model. In both models, the nMB-POCS could be easily inserted into the duodenoscope and into the distal bile duct and hilum. The image quality was good, and it was possible to observe the surface structure and the vascular network of the bile duct mucosa in detail. The nMB-POCS with its larger accessory channel is expected to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment,and reduce the procedure time. Clinical studies in patients are warranted.

Analysis of Body-Slip and Buttock Pressure Characteristics during Operation of a Double-Sliding Reclining Wheelchair in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

To minimize body collapse due to repetitive reclining and repositioning when using a reclining wheelchair, reclining wheelchairs with a sliding backrest function have been developed. This study compared the differences in body-slip and buttock pressure according to the presence or absence of the sliding function of the backrest during reclining and repositioning motions in 10 patients with spinal cord injury. When reclining from 100° to 130°, backrest sliding and total body-slip in the double-sliding wheelchair were significantly decreased by 21.4 mm and 16.4 mm, respectively, compared to a non-sliding wheelchair, and the peak pressure on the ischial tuberosity was significantly decreased by 8.7 kPa. Upon comparison of the buttock pressure between the initial upright position before reclining and the return upright position after repositioning, the force and mean pressure with the double-sliding wheelchair were significantly reduced compared with those with the non-sliding wheelchair. It was confirmed that the double-sliding system improved body-slip and buttock pressure more effectively than the non-sliding system. This study’s results are expected to provide the basic data necessary for the prescription and selection of wheelchairs in clinical practice and to be utilized in the development of related devices.

Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms: Technical Options in Coil Embolization

뇌동맥류 치료에 있어 분리형 코일을 이용한 혈관 내 치료는 여러 기법의 발전으로 말미암아 그 임상적용 빈도가 수술적 치료의 빈도를 능가하여 뇌동맥류의 주된 치료 방법으로 자리 잡게 되었다. 혈관 내 치료의 임상적용이 확대된 데에는 기존 코일색전술이 가진 기술적 제한점을 극복할 수 있는 여러 치료기법들의 개발에 기인한 것인데, 특히 광경동맥류를 치료할 수 있는 여러 방법이 고안되었고, 그중에서 보조적인 기구를 함께 사용하는 여러 기법이 개발되어 사용되고 있다. 이 방법들은 치료의 과정에서 동맥류 내에 삽입되는 코일의 일부가 모동맥으로 빠져나오는 것을 방지하는 기법들이며, 기술적 난이도와 시술에 따른 위험도는 각 기법에 따라, 또한 병변과 주변 혈관의 양상에 따라 서로 달라서 상황에 따라 적절한 기법을 선택할 필요가 있으며, 원칙적으로 위험도가 가장 낮은 기법을 먼저 선택하여 시도하는 것인 바람직하다. 본 기고에서는 일반적인 뇌동맥류에서 혈관 내 치료의 기본적인 기법인 코일색전술에서, 기술적 제한점을 극복하는 여러 가지 보조적인 기법과 그 기술적 응용 및 주의점에 대하여 검토하고자 한다.

Advances in the in-stent restenosis of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease

Arteriosclerotic occlussive disease of the lower extremeties has become a common disease of aging society.Interventional technique is the main method of treating this disease, however, in-stent restenosis various and will degenerate itstherapeutic effect significantly and bring big trouble to clinicians. In the last decade, prevention and treatment techniques have emerged on the underlying mechanismofin-stent restenosis. Particularly, great improvement has been made, because of the development of related devices, such as drug coated balloons, cutting balloons, viabahn stentand bioresorbable stent, all of which could reduce the incidence of in-stent restenosisto varying degrees. In this paper, the latest progress of clinical research on the mechanism and treatment of in-stent restenosis is reviewed, particularly, the clinical effects of these newdevices are analyzed and summarized. Key words: Peripheral arterial disease; Arteriosclerosis, obliterans; Graft occlusion, Vascular; Lower extremity; Research

Distributed Ship Navigation Control System Based on Dual Network

Navigation system is very important for ship’s normal running. There are a lot of devices and sensors in the navigation system to guarantee ship’s regular work. In the past, these devices and sensors were usually connected via CAN bus for high performance and reliability. However, as the development of related devices and sensors, the navigation system also needs the ability of high information throughput and remote data sharing. To meet these new requirements, we propose the communication method based on dual network which contains CAN bus and industrial Ethernet. Also, we import multiple distributed control terminals with cooperative strategy based on the idea of synchronizing the status by multicasting UDP message contained operation timestamp to make the system more efficient and reliable.