Development Of Management Policies Research Articles

Potential global distributions of an important aphid pest, Rhopalosiphum padi: insights from ensemble models with multiple variables.

Species distribution modeling is extensively used for predicting potential distributions of invasive species. However, an ensemble modeling approach has been less frequently used particularly pest species. The bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. is an important pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide and causes 30% yield losses. Here, we developed a series of ensemble models with multiple variables to predict the habitat suitability of this pest at a global scale. The current suitable habitat for R. padi is mainly distributed in East Asia, South Asia, Europe, southern North America, southern South America, eastern Australia, and New Zealand. The highly suitable regions are primarily distributed in east of China, Japan, most of North America, southeastern South America, most of Europe, and southeastern edge of Australia. In future scenarios, the suitable habitats will undergo a significant contraction overall northward, and no moderately nor highly suitable habitats are predicted for this pest in other areas. Our findings indicate that a high risk of R. padi outbreaks currently exists for the highly suitable regions mentioned above, especially with wheat cultivation, but the capacity of R. padi to cause such outbreaks will weaken in the future. Climate-associated factors are significantly more important than land use, elevation and host-plant factors, and the BIO11 (mean temperature of the coldest quarter), in particular, predominated in shaping projections of R. padi's distribution. The predicted distribution pattern and key ecological factors affecting this pattern identified herein could provide important guidance for developing management policies targeting this economically important pest.

Peran Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dalam Optimalisasi Manajemen Pendidikan Agama Islam

This study aims to explore the leadership role of madrasa principals in optimising the management of Islamic religious education (PAI). PAI plays a strategic role in shaping the character and morality of students by integrating moral and spiritual values into the curriculum. The madrasah principal, as the main driver, has a great responsibility to develop effective management strategies to improve teacher professionalism, quality of learning and overall madrasah management. Through transformational leadership styles, madrasah principals are able to create a conducive learning environment, encourage innovation, and increase the involvement of all stakeholders, including teachers and parents. However, challenges such as limited resources, resistance to change and technological developments require innovative solutions. This research uses the literature review method to analyse various relevant sources, such as journals and books, to understand the contribution of leadership in improving the quality of PAI management. The results show that effective leadership of madrasah principals not only improves teacher competencies and student learning, but also plays an important role in addressing the challenges of modern education. This study provides strategic recommendations for the development of more effective PAI management policies in the future

Satisfaction and Workload as Predictors of Psychological Distress in Professionals of Psychosocial Care Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the mental health of healthcare professionals, especially those working in Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS), which are crucial services in the Brazilian mental health system. This study aimed to investigate the association between job satisfaction, workload, and psychological distress among CAPS professionals during the pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 53 professionals from seven CAPS. The Workload Impact Scale (IMPACTO-BR) and Job Satisfaction Scale (SATIS-BR), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were performed. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between job satisfaction, workload, and psychological distress. Professionals reported moderate satisfaction (3.67 ± 0.45) and mild workload (1.82 ± 0.63). One-third of the sample showed scores indicative of psychological distress. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that workload (p = 0.0025) and low job satisfaction (p = 0.0495) were significantly associated with psychological distress. Low job satisfaction and high professional workload were predictive variables of psychological distress. These findings highlight the need for investments in promoting the quality of life at work for mental health professionals, especially during crises. The implications for human resource management and public policy development emphasize the importance of an integrated approach that considers the well-being of professionals for the effectiveness and sustainability of the psychosocial care model.

Economic assessment of NBS: international and Russian practice

Relevance. The concept of natural solutions has become popular due to the growing attention to the problem of climate change. Scientists and politicians are actively looking for ways to use natural solutions to solve environmental problems. Research has proven that natural climate solutions (RCC) can provide more than 30% of cost-effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions needed by 2030 to stabilize global warming below 2°C. An important advantage of RCC is their economic feasibility, expressed in a lower cost compared to technological solutions for CO2 sequestration. The contribution of natural eco-systems to climate regulation has led to their active use in the formation of national climate policies. However, a complete economic assessment of the RCC is a very difficult task that needs to be solved worldwide.The purpose is to study the evolution of the formation of the constituent elements of the economic assessment of natural and climatic solutions in the context of international and Russian practice.Objectives: to substantiate the elements of the economic assessment of the RCC, to analyze methodological approaches to the assessment of the RCC, to form approaches to assessing the economic effectiveness of the implementation of the RCC.Methodology. The official documents of the UN Environment Committee, documents of the Independent Analytical Center in the field of International Sustainable Development Management Policy formation of the International Institute for Sustainable Development, reports prepared by the IPCC group were used.Results. The inclusion of the cost of ecosystem services in the assessment of the RCC is justified, the advantages and disadvantages of the main methodological approaches to the assessment of the RCC are identified, key approaches to assessing the economic effectiveness of the implementation of the RCC are formed: internal, external and general.Conclusions. The principles and methods of natural-economic and ecosystem accounting form the basis of the economic assessment of the RCC. A comprehensive economic assessment reflects the monetary contribution of the ecosystem to sustainable development by evaluating ecosystem assets involved in the implementation of the RCC and the ecosystem services they produce, which contributes to increasing the adaptability of socio-economic systems to environmental shocks.

High-resolution lake infill time modeling at Jackson Lake, Wyoming (USA)

With growing climatic, anthropogenic, and environmental pressures on lakes and reservoirs globally, accurate quantitative sediment infilling estimates, or lake/reservoir lifespans, are essential to the effective management of these systems. Current methods used to model lake and reservoir infill timescales are limited in scope. This study presents refined data-rich infill models of Jackson Lake, WY (USA). Basin-wide seismic reflection profiles were used to obtain lake volume and total sediment isopach measurements. Radionuclide-dated sediment cores were collected to capture variability in sedimentation patterns, due in part to the lake’s bathymetric complexity. Three infill models were produced, including: (1) a model that uses radionuclide-based sedimentation rates and a 1-D linear infill, (2) a model that uses radionuclide-based sedimentation rates and a 3-D mass-based infill, and (3) a model that relies on sediment volume calculations and assumptions of basin age only. A fill-and-spill approach was utilized to ensure conservation of mass through each time step. All three models exhibited strong agreement on an infilling time of ∼30,000 years from present. Models developed in this study emphasize the need to accurately determine lake volumes and capture basin-wide complexity in sedimentation patterns, both of which are commonly poorly resolved in similar studies. Further development of data-rich lake/reservoir infill models could greatly benefit global lake and reservoir research critical to understanding engineered reservoir lifespans and carbon cycling in these systems. Further, accurate infilling data can assist in the development and application of effective policies for freshwater resource management and conservation, promoting the long-term sustainability of lake/reservoir systems.

NAMERS: a purpose-built reference DNA sequence database to support applied eDNA metabarcoding

Applied eDNA metabarcoding is increasingly being considered as a tool to inform management decisions, regulations, or policy development. Because these downstream considerations are coming to the forefront of eDNA applications, optimizing workflow elements is essential to increasing standardization, efficiency, and competency of metabarcoding results. Reference DNA sequences are critical workflow elements that currently lack consistent approaches to generating, curating, or publishing. We present a complete mitochondrial genome and nuclear ribosomal DNA cistron reference DNA sequence library for 92% of the freshwater fish species of British Columbia, Canada. This resource is published as the Novel Applied eDNA Metabarcoding Reference Sequences (NAMERS) repository (https://namers.ca), a user-friendly and interactive website for specialists and non-specialists alike to explore and generate custom reference libraries for taxa and genes of interest. We demonstrate the power of NAMERS for optimization of applied eDNA metabarcoding study design by analyzing the number of primer mismatches and species resolution power of existing metabarcoding markers. NAMERS demonstrates that high quality curated genomic information is within a reasonable reach to meet the increasing demand for actionable eDNA metabarcoding applications. The framework used here incorporating the pillars of accuracy, completeness and accessibility can be applied for new iterations of other reference sequence databases to bring DNA-based monitoring into a new era.

Exploring practice staffs’ perspectives regarding professional roles, confidence, and motivations in delivering mental health care within rural general practice: a qualitative exploration

BackgroundGeneral practice is pivotal in delivering mental health care within communities, yet the attitudes and professional factors influencing this provision remain underexplored. This study seeks to understand the perspective of general practice staff around the professional factors that influence the provision of primary mental health care.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted with semi-structured interviews of 14 general practice staff involved in mental health care. Participants included receptionists (n = 3), nurses (n = 4), practice managers (n = 3), and general practitioners (n = 4), recruited via purposive sampling. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) guided the interviews, and thematic analysis was used to identify themes and subthemes.ResultsThree themes were identified. The first, ‘Role identity, skills, and leadership in mental health care,’ included subthemes of distinct role recognition with overlap, essential relational and practical skills, and leadership valued among experienced GPs. The second theme, ‘Confidence and involvement in mental health care,’ covered variability in confidence levels, differing perceptions of involvement, and attitudes towards further involvement. The third theme, ‘Drivers for and outcomes of delivering mental health care,’ revealed intrinsic motivations and acknowledged both benefits and serious consequences.ConclusionThis study explored general practice staff beliefs about role identity, skills, leadership, confidence, involvement, motivations, and perceptions of benefits in mental health care provision. The findings offer valuable insights into the complexities of mental health care in general practice, with significant implications for practice management and healthcare policy development.

Appraising the potentials of reusing plastic bottles as building blocks for housing construction at Paipe village Abuja Nigeria

Plastic bottles package a multitude of commodities consumed worldwide. Upon consumption of the commodity, the disposed plastic bottles accumulate as waste, having impacts on both the aquatic and terrestrial environment. In a bid to convert such waste to wealth, plastic bottles are creatively reused for different applications, such as pedestrian bridge boats and street furniture, amongst others. Another application of reusing plastic bottles is their serving as building blocks for housing construction. Reports and research in Nigeria confirm the proliferation of plastic bottles littering the environment, which if reused in housing construction has the potential to contribute to achieving both UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 11 (making human settlements sustainable) and 12 (ensuring sustainable consumption and production). Although Nigeria is traced to being the first country in Africa to reuse plastic bottles in housing construction, not much research output exists from practitioners’ experience on the potentials of reusing plastic bottles as a sustainable construction material as practiced in countries like Vietnam, India, and the Philippines, among others. As such, this study investigates the potential factors driving the practice of reusing plastic bottles in Nigeria with a view to ascertaining the satisfaction derived from the practice for sustainable housing construction. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 41 respondents identified as having experience in using plastic bottles in construction (5 staffs of Awonto Konsult as well as 36 staffs of Brains and Hammers Construction). Data was analysed descriptively using both IBM SPSS Statistics 23 as well as MS Excel to compute the Mean Score as well as the Relative Satisfaction Index (RSI). Only 30 questionnaires were successfully retrieved and fully answered. Amongst the 10 potential factors studied driving reusing plastic bottles, results show that almost all respondents tend to be ‘satisfied’ with both ‘strength and stability’ (having a Mean Value of 4.70 and RSI of 0.94) as well as ‘durability’ (having a Mean Value of 4.50; RSI of 0.90) of buildings built with plastic bottles. These two factors recorded the highest ‘satisfaction’ ratings, leaning towards ‘very satisfied’. Regarding the factor ‘fire resistance’ of buildings built with plastic bottles (having a Mean Value of 3.40; RSI of 0.68), results reveal that 50 percent of the respondents are ‘unsure’ if it is a satisfactory factor driving reusing plastic bottles or not. The study found that the satisfaction ratings of technical and environmental factors have higher appeal to respondents compared to health and safety and also financial factors. It is recommended that Awonto Konsult and also Brains and Hammers Construction invest more in information related to the fire resistance of plastic bottles used in construction because fire outbreaks pose great threats to buildings. Equally, wider empirical research on plastic bottle wastes, if undertaken, could support the development of policies for waste management, particularly in developing countries. This research has the potential to convert waste into wealth in a bid to minimising environmental impacts of disposed plastic bottles as well as contribute to sustainable materials, particularly for rural housing. Since this study was based on a survey, experimental studies of potentials driving the reuse of plastic bottles in housing construction will reveal results that could enable more sustainable housing construction in Nigeria.

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri 2 Babakancikao Purwakarta

Human Resources, especially teachers, have a very large influence and are considered the main key in improving the quality of schools and educational goals. However, there is still a lack of collaboration and cooperation between teachers and between teachers and education staff, and the high rate of absenteeism without obvious reasons is also a significant problem that affects the continuity of learning. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of work environment and work discipline on teacher performance partially and simultaneously at SMP Negeri 2 Babakancikao Purwakarta. The research method used is a quantitative method with data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires and interviews. The sample used was 31 people (saturated sample). Data analysis using multiple linear regression data analyzer with the help of SPSS software version 26. The results of the study show that the work environment has no effect on teacher performance. Meanwhile, work discipline has an effect and is significant on employee performance. Simultaneous hypothesis testing shows that the work environment and work discipline together have a significant influence on teacher performance. This research has important implications for the development of management policies and practices in the educational environment. Good work discipline contributes positively to teacher performance and improves performance to achieve organizational goals..

Identifying Predictors of Unfavorable Treatment Outcomes in Tuberculosis Patients.

In South Korea, there has been a continuous decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) attributable to a national TB elimination program; however, TB still poses a significant socioeconomic burden. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with successful TB treatment and to identify refractory patient groups with unfavorable outcomes. We analyzed anonymized data on 89,150 patients with TB provided by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Specifically, we collected independent variables, which were categorized as individual, regional, and medical facility factors. Individual factors included age, sex, nationality, TB type, drug-resistant status, category of TB, housing type, underlying disease status, number of referrals, and smoking status. Regional factors referred to the region where the TB case was reported. Medical facility factors included the first visit to a medical facility, categorized by hospital type and the distinction between private-public mix (PPM) and non-PPM depending on the presence or absence of dedicated TB nurses. These factors were analyzed in relation to treatment success to identify refractory patient groups with unfavorable outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed the following significant factors associated with successful TB treatment: sex, nationality, status of drug-resistant TB, category of TB, number of referrals, region of TB registry, underlying diseases, and smoking status. Specifically, compared with their relevant counterparts, male patients had a lower rate of successful treatment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.66, reference [Ref.]: women); Korean nationals had a higher rate of treatment success (aOR: 7.20, Ref. foreign residents in Korea); resistant TB was associated with a lower rate of treatment success (aOR: 0.35, Ref.: non-resistant TB status); newly treated patients had a higher rate of treatment success (aOR: 1.75, Ref.: retreatment patient); switching hospitals once (aOR: 1.78), never (aOR: 1.41), or twice (aOR: 1.37) was associated with increased treatment success (Ref.: three or more times); having zero (aOR: 1.45), one (aOR: 1.31), or two (aOR: 1.24) underlying diseases was associated with a higher rate of treatment success (Ref. three or more underlying diseases); and past smokers (aOR: 1.40) and non-smokers (aOR: 1.35) had a higher rate of treatment success (Ref.: current smokers). Our study identified several factors contributing to unfavorable treatment outcomes in tuberculosis patients, including male patients, foreign residents in Korea, drug-resistant TB, retreatment patients, frequent hospital switching, multiple underlying diseases, and current smoking status. These research findings could inform the development of efficient management strategies and policies for improving the treatment success rate among patients with TB.

Integrating Forest Ecosystem Services into Health Strategies to Improve Human Well-Being

As the largest terrestrial ecosystem covering extensive expanses of the Earth’s surface, forests offer crucial health benefits to humans, both directly and indirectly. Presently, health services derived from forest resources have presented significant opportunities for enhancing human well-being. Nonetheless, the absence of a comprehensive understanding regarding the mechanisms by which forests impact human health jeopardizes the potential gains in health. Regrettably, there remains a dearth of scholarly work elucidating these pathways. This paper aims to furnish a thorough examination of how forests influence human health. We initiate by formulating a conceptual framework upon which we delineate the various pathways through which forests impact human health. These encompass the provisioning of resources, preventive services, and forest therapies. Concurrently, we outline the moderating influence of social, economic, and individual characteristics as mediators within this pathway. These characteristics are classified into two overarching dimensions: accessibility and behavioral choices, which notably affect marginalized demographics such as those with lower socioeconomic status, women, the elderly, individuals with disabilities, and children in developing nations. Consequently, we build upon these foundational insights to propose six strategies aimed at perpetuating the positive impact of forests on human health in the foreseeable future. In the future, the development of forest management policies, the assessment of long-term health benefits, social practices, and international cooperation must be considered holistically to attain the dual objective of sustainable forest management and the advancement of human well-being.

Machine learning and multisource data analysis approach towards traffic accident risk prediction

Traffic accidents are continually a concern across the world bringing with them huge economic costs and high rates of fatality and injuries each single year. Predictive modeling can lessen such risks if the accident hotspots and timing can easily be ascertained. This study collects various data including historical accident reports, water and meteorological conditions, road characteristics, and telematics data, to form traffic accident risk predictive models. To construct and analyze these predictive models, we use various machine learning techniques such as logistic regression, decision trees, and ensemble methods (Random Forest and Gradient Boosting). The results bear out as efficient and effective, ensemble models are streets ahead than regression-based techniques with Gradient Boosting achieving AUC-ROC scores of up to 0.89. The results of this research can also assist in applying effective safety measures in a more cost-effective manner as well as facilitate the development of efficient transport management systems and policies.

Financial well-being, anxiety and payment delinquency among student loan holders in the United States: insights from the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges, particularly intensifying the financial and psychological burden for individuals with student loans in the United States. Firstly, this study examined the association between student loan ownership and financial well-being during the pandemic. Secondly, among student loan holders, we tested the association of financial anxiety and payment delinquency with COVID-19 shocks and financial knowledge. Lastly, we investigated the associations between the recipients of student loans and their financial well-being, anxiety and behaviors concerning student loans.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing data from the 2021 National Financial Capability Study, we explored how unprecedented economic disruptions have affected student loan holders' financial well-being, levels of debt anxiety and payment delinquency, considering financial knowledge as a critical factor. We conducted Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and logistic regressions to examine the associations addressed in the purpose of the study.FindingsThe results of regression analyses indicate that individuals with student loans generally experienced lower financial well-being than those without loans. Among student loan holders, COVID-19 shocks were positively associated with student loan anxiety and payment delinquency. Additionally, subjective financial knowledge showed a positive association, while objective financial knowledge displayed a negative association with loan delinquency. Lastly, respondents who secured loans for themselves exhibited lower levels of financial well-being than other student loan holders.Originality/valueThis study represents one of the initial efforts to investigate the issues of financial well-being, debt anxiety and payment delinquency among student loan holders, along with their associations with the potential COVID-19 shocks they experienced. The research shed light on the acute financial stress and mental health challenges faced by student loan holders during global crises, highlighting the significance of effective policy development for student debt management and borrower support during times of economic uncertainty.

A Radar-Based Methodology for Aerosol Plume Identification and Characterisation on the South African Highveld

Biomass burning on the South African Highveld annually injects substantial amounts of aerosols and trace gases into the atmosphere, impacting the global radiative balance, cloud microphysics, and regional air quality. These aerosols are transported as plumes over long distances, posing challenges to existing in situ and satellite-based monitoring techniques because of their limited spatial and temporal resolution, particularly in environments with low-level sources. This study aims to develop and validate a novel radar-based methodology to detect, track, and characterise aerosol plumes, addressing the limitations of existing in situ and satellite monitoring techniques. Using high-resolution volumetric reflectivity data from an S-band radar in Pretoria, South Africa, a traditional storm tracking algorithm is adapted to improve plume identification. Case studies of plume events in June and August 2013 demonstrate the radar’s effectiveness in distinguishing lower vertical profiles and reduced reflectivity of plumes compared with storm echoes. The adapted algorithm successfully tracked the spatial and temporal evolution of the plumes, revealing their short-lived nature. Results indicate that radar-derived geospatial characteristics have the potential to contribute significantly to understanding the impacts of plumes on local air quality. These findings underscore the critical need for high spatio-temporal resolution data to support effective air quality management and inform policy development in regions affected by biomass burning.

Analysis of Computed Tomography Scans for Radiation Safety Management in the Republic of Korea

Background: Computed tomography (CT) scans in the Republic of Korea have spiked, reaching approximately 9 million examinations annually in 2017. CT provides significant medical benefits, but radiation exposure remains a concern. This study aims to analyze CT scans in Korea, as a basis study for radiation safety management.Materials and Methods: The raw data of total CT scans was obtained from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service and analyzed by CT scan type, patients’ age and sex, and medical facility type. CT scans trends were analyzed considering the disease incidence.Results and Discussion: In 2017, CT scans accounted for 8,977,300. Usage <i>per capita</i> was 0.18 in males and 0.17 in females. CT scans increased with age until the 50- to 59-year-old groups, then decreased. CT scans were high in abdominal/pelvic (35%), chest (26%), and head (22%) regions due to higher disease rates. Head CT was most frequently used for infants and children. Abdominal/pelvic, chest, and spine CT were more frequent for older groups. The CT scans in the upper and lower extremities was high in child and juvenile groups. Chest and abdominal/pelvic CTs were higher in males, whereas spine, whole spine, and CT densitometry were higher in females. The proportion of CT scans of tertiary and general hospitals, hospitals, and clinics accounted for ≥80%, 13%, and 5%, respectively. Abdomen/pelvis, chest, and head/ neck CTs were mostly conducted in tertiary and general hospitals, spine CT in hospitals and clinics, extremity CT in hospitals, and CT densitometry in clinics.Conclusion: The trend of CT scans varied based on the incidence rate for each patient’s sex and age, and serious illness diagnosis by medical facility type. The results of this study provide data and guidance for evaluating the radiation exposure of the Korean population by CT and developing management policies for medical radiation safety.

Analysis of the Impact on Compensation Satisfaction, Overcommitment, and Sleep Quality as Mediating Factor Against Mental Health Condition of Construction Worker in Indonesia

This study investigates the relationship between compensation satisfaction, overcommitment, and sleep quality as mediating variable on the mental health of construction workers in Indonesia. The research utilizes a quantitative approach with data collected from 182 respondents through surveys conducted using a cross-sectional method. The questionnaire utilized Likert scales to measure compensation satisfaction, overcommitment, sleep quality, and mental health. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software for descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that compensation satisfaction positively impacts mental health, while overcommitment has a negative effect, contributing to mental health deterioration. Additionally, sleep quality is found to play a mediating role, mitigating the adverse effects of overcommitment on mental health. The study highlights the significance of fair compensation and work-life balance in improving the mental health of construction workers. These insights are essential for developing management policies aimed at enhancing employee well-being in the construction sector. The research contributes to understanding the complex interplay between compensation, work stress, and mental

The effect of career anchors, job-esteem, and work engagement on retention intention in hospital nurses

This descriptive study aimed to analyze the effect of career anchors, job esteem, and work engagement on retention intention among hospital nurses while identifying factors contributing to retention intention in this group. The study involved 174 nurses with over six months of clinical experience employed at three general hospitals. The dominant career anchor among hospital nurses was security/stability (4.59), followed by life-style (4.52), technical/functional competence (4.13), and service/dedication (4.12). Hospital nurses’ retention intention was predicted by the entrepreneurial creativity (β=0.289, p<.001), job-esteem (β=0.268, p<.001), and job engagement (β=-0.295, p<.001) of career anchors. These factors collectively accounted for 35.2% of the variance (F=10.360, p<.001). Conclusion: In the future, we aim to conduct studies analyzing factors influencing retention intention and extract trends based on career anchor types and sample groups. This will inform detailed career development and personnel management policies.

Seasonal biogenic volatile organic compound emission factors in temperate tree species: Implications for emission estimation and ozone formation

Variability in biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions across species and seasons poses challenges for accurate regional emission estimates and effective ozone (O3) control policies. To address this issue, we conducted in-situ measurements of emission factors for six dominant tree species in Beijing across four seasons. Subsequently, we developed monthly dynamic standard emission factors (SER-MDs) to model monthly BVOC emissions and their impacts on O3 formation at citywide and district levels. Our observations revealed pronounced seasonal differences in the BVOC composition and emission rates, as well as their responsiveness to monthly average temperature. By introducing the SER-MDs, we estimated BVOC emissions from the dominant tree species in Beijing to be 38.2 Gg yr−1, with monoterpenes and isoprene contributing 49% and 11%, respectively. This calculation reduced the overestimation associated with constant standard emission factors by 31%–38% at district level. The estimates also revealed regional differences in plant compositions rather than simple feedback from regional temperature and photosynthetically active radiation periods. Under these conditions, the maximum monthly BVOC-induced O3 concentration occurred in August and ranged from 4 to 17 μg m−3 across districts, with isoprene being the dominant contributor. Quercus mongolica and Populus tomentosa played significant roles in the formation of BVOC-induced O3 due to their strong isoprene emitting potential in July–August. These results indicate the necessity of introducing species-specific rhythms of BVOC emissions from dominant species in the development of urban BVOC emission inventories. This approach could inform the development of air pollution management policies that are consistent with the local vegetation composition and O3 pollution characteristics. For Beijing and other similar northern cities, reducing the use of tree species emitting substantial amounts of isoprene during periods of regional peak ambient O3 concentrations could constitute an effective nature-based solution for improving urban air quality in the future.

PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN KARIR TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA

This research aims to explore the influence of career development on job satisfaction through a qualitative approach. Job satisfaction is one of the variables for companies to achieve good employee productivity results for the company. The study examines how the relationship of career development affects employees' perceptions of their job satisfaction. Drawing from previous research and through descriptive analysis, it is concluded that career development has a significant influence on job satisfaction. These findings provide a deep understanding of the relationship between career development and job satisfaction within organizations. The implications of this research can assist organizations in designing more effective career development programs and management policies that support employee well-being and enhance overall organizational performance.

Tourism Village Management In Building The Local Economy Through Community Partnerships

Tourism village management is an important strategy in exploiting local tourism potential to help develop the economy at the local village level. In this context, partnerships between village governments, local stakeholders and communities play a key role in optimizing the economic benefits of the tourism industry. This research aims to investigate the role of tourism village management in strengthening the local economy through community partnerships. Using a qualitative approach, data will be collected through interviews, observations and documentation studies in the Mangli Tourism Village. It is hoped that the research results will provide a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the effectiveness of tourism village management in improving the local economy, as well as evaluating the impact of community partnerships on economic development at the village level. This research is expected to provide an important contribution to the development of sustainable tourism management policies and practices, as well as provide insight for village governments, non-government organizations and other related parties in efforts to strengthen the local economy through sustainable and inclusive tourism village management.