Development Of Physical Characteristics Research Articles

Special Characteristics of Physical Development of Chelyabinsk Adolescents from Regions of the Industrial Megalopolis with Different Levels of Antropogenic Air Pollution

Based on the complex population study of 2083 children aged from 12 to 17 years old it was established that living in Chelyabinsk regions with different cumulative levels of antropogenic air pollution affect physical development of adolescents. It was shown that air pollution increases the risk of disharmonic physical development in girls which is represented by the decrease of the thoracic circumference, which simultaneously with their growth appears as gracilization of body constitution. Changes in adolescents height can be various . From one hand, xenobiotics of the atmosphere can have stimulative effects, which are more marked with low-dosage exposure. From the other hand, there is a tendency to increase in percentage of children with short height in the conditions if the increased level of antropogenic burden.

Features of physical development, physical preparedness and functional state of boys and girls – students of Polish higher educational establishments

The features of level and structure of indexes of physical development, physical preparedness and functional state of students are considered. In research 50 took part students of Higher School of Sciences about health from Bydgoshch (14 boys and 36 girls, age 18-29 years). Reliable distinctions are exposed in physical preparedness and functional state of boys and girls on the indexes of force. Indexes of psychophysiological possibilities, frequencies of heart-throbs in a state of rest, the index of Ruf'e have no reliable distinctions at boys and girls. It is shown that power capabilities have the most value in complex preparedness of boys. Functional and psychophysiological possibilities have the most value in complex preparedness of girls. The factor structure of preparedness of girls is differ by greater complication as compared to boys. On the level of physical preparedness and functional state of girls in a greater degree of anthropometric information have influence as compared to boys. Power capabilities for girls occupy middle position in the general structure of preparedness, while for boys' power capabilities occupy leading position. It is shown that on employments on physical education of boys it is necessary to do an accent on development of force, while for girls - on development of endurance (functional possibilities) and in a greater degree as compared to boys it is necessary to take into account psychophysiological possibilities.

METHOD OF TREATMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL PUBERTY RETARDATION IN BOYS (CASE HISTORY)

The results of examination of a 15-year-old boy with growth and puberty retardation are analyzed in this article. On the grounds of performed complex examination the patient was found physical development delay, changes at the endocrinal status, as well as pathological signs on X-ray, rheo- and electroencephalography, which are characteristic for functional growth and puberty retardation. In order to correct the found disturbances transcranial magnetotherapy was carried out. During the performed treatment improvement of the physical development characteristics, endocrinal status and data of rheo- and electroencephalography were noted.

Specific features of physical development in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Aim. To evaluate variations of principal parameters of physical development in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Materials and methods. The study included 356 children with DM1. Their height, body weight, and body mass index were compared with the respective valuesfrom percentile tables recommended by WHO and US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. For each patient, height deviation from the mean valuewas expressed as SDS. For the assessment of physical development, the place of each parameter in one of the 7 centile intervals was determined. Harmonicityof physical development was estimated from the difference between normal intervals on the centile scale after measurement of height and body weight.Results.Most patients (55,7%) were found to harmonically develop during the 9 year-long study, 30% had excess body weight despite average height. DM1was associated with reduced SDS values for the height and parallel increase of body weight especially in the disease over 10 years in duration. The HbA1c levelin low-height patients was significantly elevated compared with high-height ones. Negative effect of long-term metabolic decompensation on the growth of thechildren became apparent since the third year of the disease. Body weight was a more stable parameter independent of the degree of compensation.Conclusion: Children and adolescents with DM1 experience deterioration of yearly height dynamics with increasing length of the disease. Growth characteristicsare related to the degree of compensation of carbohydrate metabolism.

TYPICAL ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF GIRLS AT THE AGE OF 7 TO 17

The anthropometric measurements of 410 girls at the age of 7 to 17 has been performed. Key measurements included body mass, chest circumference, shoulder and pelvis width dimension. The received data was statistically processed. Certain features of physical development, specific for Gomel region, were revealed.

TYPICAL ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF BOYS AT THE AGE OF 7 TO 17

The anthropometric measurements of 255 boys at the age of 7 to 17 has been performed. Key measurements included body mass, chest circumference, shoulder and pelvis width dimension. The received data was statistically processed. Certain features of physical development, specific for Gomel region, were revealed.

Total-body bone mineral content in non-corticosteroid-treated postpubertal females with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: frequency of osteopenia and contributing factors.

To determine the extent of low total-body bone mineral content (BMC) in non-corticosteroid-treated white postpubertal females with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) compared with healthy age- and race-matched female controls, and to identify variables that significantly contribute to total-body BMC. Thirty-six females with definite JRA who had never received corticosteroids and 51 healthy female controls were evaluated. All subjects had had their first menstrual period at least 2 years prior to enrollment. Total-body BMC, lumbar spine bone mineral density, and body composition were determined by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Total-body BMC Z-scores were calculated for JRA patients using data from controls. JRA patients were dichotomized into those with "normal" bone mass (total-body BMC at or above the mean or no more than 1 SD below the mean) and those with "low" bone mass (total-body BMC more than 1 SD below the mean). Comparisons of anthropometric measurements, laboratory measurements of bone metabolism, disease activity, dietary intake, and physical activity were performed. Stepwise logistic regression was utilized to determine the presence or absence of low total-body BMC and to identify associated contributing factors. Total-body BMC was 4.5% lower in JRA patients than in controls (mean +/- SD 2,050 +/- 379 gm versus 2,143 +/- 308 gm; P = 0.21). Twenty-five of 36 patients (69.4%) had "normal" and 11 of 36 (30.6%) had "low" total-body BMC. Comparison of JRA patients with "normal" versus those with "low" total-body BMC revealed significant differences in disease characteristics, anthropometric and physical development characteristics, laboratory measures of bone mineralization, and dietary intake. The final regression model contained only lean mass (P = 0.01), which accounted for 76.3% of the variance in total-body BMC. The odds ratio for lean mass was 0.4451 (95% confidence interval 0.2374-0.8348). In this study, approximately 30% of the subjects in a sample of postpubertal female patients with mild-to-moderate, non-corticosteroid-treated JRA had low bone mass. The predictor variable that significantly contributed to total-body BMC was lean mass, which demonstrated a protective effect of 0.56 risk reduction for low total-body BMC.

The morphological features and functional state of the adolescent organism under conditions of adaptation to the north

Features of physical development and constitution, functional parameters of the cardiorespiratory system (PWC170 and maximal oxygen consumption), and sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on the regulation of blood circulation were studied in 12–16-year-old children of newcomers under conditions of adaptation to the Tyumen North. The percentage of adolescents with an excessive or a deficient body weight, growth lag, and delayed puberty was increased. The girls had a decreased efficiency. Age- and sex-related differences of the morphological and physiological parameters of subjects under study were found.

Classifications of retail stores and shopping centres: some methodological issues

This paper reviews current methods used in classifying retail outlets and areas devoted to retailing, in the geographical and town planning literature. For retail outlets, classifications based upon types of goods sold, and types of shopping trip, are discussed. This is followed by an analysis of modern large store development which reflects property developers' and retailers' concerns. Areas devoted to retail uses are subdivided into unplanned ‘retail areas’ and planned ‘shopping centres’. Traditional classifications based upon central place theory are reviewed for both of these types, and found wanting in the light of recent changes in retail development practice and consumer behaviour. Classifications based upon physical development characteristics and type of shopping trip are recommended. Finally, classifications of urban retail location are examined.